1、广东省汕头市第一中学 2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟第I卷 选择题（95分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What will the woman do this coming weekend?A. Call on his classmates. B. Direct traffic
2、. C. Go hiking. 2.Where is the woman going?A. To her new flat. B. To the shop. C. To her company.3.When did the woman buy her own car?A. Last week. B. Last month. C. Last year.4.What does the woman do now?A.A school teacher. B.A tourist guide. C.A university student.5.How does John look?A. Excited.
3、B. Satisfied. C. Worried.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第6至7题。6.What will the weather be like the day after tomorrow?A. It is rainy. B. It is sunny. C. It is windy.7.What has the
4、 man being doing these days?A. Reading books. B. Playing football. C. Going cycling.听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What do the speakers want to do?A. Go around the city. B. Find something to eat. C. Find a hotel.9What can we learn about the speakers?A. They live in this city. B. They are strange to the city. C.
5、They know the city well.10.What do the speakers want to buy?A. A bike. B. A car. C. A map.听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What is the womans attitude toward joining the Spanish club?A. Confident. B. Nervous. C. Excited.12.Why did the woman join the Spanish club?A. To improve her college applications. B. To be i
6、n a club with the boy.C. To prepare for her vacation in Spain.13.What is one of the activities that the man mentions?A. Going to South America. B. Learning Spanish cooking. C. Watching Spanish television shows.听第九段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Where did Sam leave the dictionary?A. At home. B. At school. C. On the
7、 bus.15.What does the man probably think of Sam?A. Nice. B. Careless. C. Poor.16.What will the woman do in the afternoon?A. Go downtown. B. Play table tennis. C. Buy a dictionary.17.How will the speakers go downtown?A. By car. B. By bus. C. By underground.听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What did John enjoy doin
8、g in his childhood?A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors. C. Painting pictures.19.What did John do after he moved to the US?A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.20.What is the subject of Johns works?A. American birds. B. Natural scenery. C. Family life.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分4
9、0分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALooking for work?Tutors Wanted: Math / Science / Humanities + Test Preparation Job Posted: 2 days ago Wage: $27 30 per hour Job Type: Part-time Schedule: Afternoons, evenings, weekdays, weekends Job description: Were looking for tutors to jo
10、in us before the next school year starts. Our suitable candidate will be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation and academic work in Math, Science and or Humanities. Well pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring chances, includi
11、ng teaching group classes. Once our fall semester starts on August 21, well have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p.m. to 8 p.m. as well as from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. Monday-Thursday. What we offer: Flexible scheduling. Tutors work from 15 to 30 hours per week depending on avail
12、ability and student demand. Free Sunday dinners during the academic year. Fun staff gatherings Health insurance reimbursement (补偿) for staff working over 30 hours per week. We are 5 minutes walking distance from the Menlo Park Caltrain Station. Applicants must： Have a good command of the subjects th
13、ey tutor. Be willing to tutor students through the full academic year. Application instructions: Email us your resume (简历) Tell us why you want to join Academic Trainers and describe your experience of tutoring students if you have any. Let us know your scheduling preferences and potential start dat
14、e. Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor-Math, Science and or Humanities.1. Which period of time needs the most tutors during the academic year?A. Saturday and Sunday mornings.B. Friday afternoons and evenings.C. Monday and Thursday mornings.D. Sunday afternoons and evenings.2. What ca
15、n a tutor enjoy who works more than 30 hours per week?A. Comfortable accommodation.B. Free job training every month.C. Health insurance reimbursement.D. Free meals during the academic year.3. According to the text, the ideal candidate_.A. is good at one or more academic subjectsB. will work every ev
16、ening throughout the academic yearC. has the opportunity to become a full-time tutorD. must have previous tutoring experience【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则招聘辅导老师的招聘广告，文中介绍了薪资、福利和申请说明等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Job Description部分中的“Once our fall semester starts on August 21, well have even higher deman
17、d for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 12-8 pm as well as from 3-9 pm Monday-Thursday. （我们的秋季学期在8月21日开始时，学生对辅导课程的需求是很大的，周日从中午12点到晚上8点，周一到周四从下午3点到晚上9点。）”可知，周日下午和晚上最需要辅导老师。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据What we offer部分中“ Health insurance reimbursement (补偿) for staff working over 30 hours per week.（为每周工作超过30小时的员工报
18、销医疗保险）”可知,每周工作超过30小时的家庭教师可以享受医保报销。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Application must部分中“Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor-Mathematics, Sciences, Humanities. （告诉我们你能辅导哪些科目，例如数学、科学、人文学科。）”可知，理想的应征者应至少擅长一门或多门学科。故选A。BMy family lived in Triumph, Idaho, the USA an old mining town with a population of 33
19、. All of the kids at my age were boys. People of all ages always looked out for me, but they also brought me some embarrassment.I was born at home. The doctor overseeing my arrival was a family friend. Dad had then been a soldier serving in the navy and figured we should save some money.At first, my
20、 parents didnt have a name for me. My name on my birth certificate still read Baby Girl. And thats what they called me until was almost 4. When they planned our first train trip to Mexico for vacation, we needed passports which made it easier to come up with a name. My father liked the sound of Pica
21、bo, an old Native American settlement in the south. My mother and father agreed on Pieabo.As child, was afraid of the dark, but it was manageable. Another fear was the Rhode Island Red Each time I went out to the hen house to get eggs, he always pecked(啄) me as if I had stolen the eggs laid by his l
22、over. I began carrying a stick to keep him away. However, he was always following me. Later we became good friends. I also liked playing hide-and-seek with him.Our house was one of four that stood next to each other on an upper street in town. It was a one- story white cottage with no basement and n
23、o foundation， but Dad dug cellar地窖). All of our heat came from a wood-burning stove, where our food was cooked over an open flame. Both of my parents were great cooks.4. Why did people in the town take care of the author?A. she was the only girl of the same age.B. She was the daughter of a miner.C.
24、Her father was a doctors friend.D. Her parents were living in the town.5. Why did the parents decide to name the author?A. To have the sound of Picabo.B. To go on foreign trip.C. To make an agreement with each otherD. To realize the authors wish.6. What do we know about the Rhode Island Red?A. He al
25、ways stole the eggsB. He loved following the authors parents.C. He was a rooster friend of the authors.D. He played hide-and-seek with his lover.7. What might the author think of her childhood life?A. BoringB. InspiringC. EmbarrassingD. Pleasing【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者童年时生活的小镇总人口33人
26、，而作者那时是全镇同龄人中唯一的女孩。于是，作者处处受到关照。出生以来，作者一直没有名字，直到4岁时，作者父母要带我去坐火车，才为作者取名。文章还讲述到作者的好朋友（一只公鸡），还有作者家的房子。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“All of the kids at my age were boys.”及第三段“My name on my birth certificate still read Baby Girl.”可知，作者是小女孩，而作者生活的小镇上同龄人都是男孩，因此镇上的人都很照顾作者。结合选项可知，故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“When they planned ou
27、r first train trip to Mexico for vacation, we needed passports which made it easier to come up with a name.”可知，父母决定为作者取名是因为他们要为作者办护照以便坐火车去墨西哥。结合选项可知，故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Each time I went out to the hen house to get eggs, he always pecked me as if I had stolen the eggs laid by his lover.”可判断，文中的
28、Rhode Island Red 是一只公鸡，再根据“Later we became good friends. I also liked playing hide-and-seek with him.”可知，这只公鸡后来变成作者的好朋友了。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文中的描述第一段中的“People of all ages always looked out for me.（各个年龄段的人都很关心我。）”，第四段中“Later we became good friends. I also liked playing hide-and-seek with him.（后来我们成了好朋
29、友。我也喜欢和它捉迷藏。）”，第五段中“Both of my parents were great cooks（我父母都是很棒的厨师。）”，可知作者小时候有别人的照顾，有公鸡做作者的好朋友，有做饭好吃的爸妈，由此可以推断出，作者回忆中的童年是快乐又美好的，pleasing 符合作者的态度。故选D项。【点睛】推理判断题着重考查考生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。考生要透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。要以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论（非考生观点）客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。如第4小题，判断作者对童年的态度，需要考生从文章的字里行
30、间来推测作者的观点，通过文中多处描述可推断出，作者回忆中的童年是快乐又美好的。故选D项。CAs Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changin
31、g what we remember and how.In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood tha
32、t the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment, the r
33、esearchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the i
34、nformation. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organ
35、ize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesnt mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.8. The passage begins with two questions to _.A. introduce the main topicB. show the a
36、uthors attitudeC. describe how to use the InternetD. explain how to store information9. What can we learn about the first experiment?A. Sparrows team typed the information into a computer.B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.C. The first group did not try to remember the formati
37、on.D. The second group did not understand the information.10. In transactive memory, people _.A. keep the information in mindB. change the quantity of informationC. organize information like a computerD. remember how to find the information11. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrows
38、 research?A. We are using memory differently.B. We are becoming more intelligent.C. We have poorer memories than before.D. We need a better way to access information.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章主要讲的是互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，人们这样做是否会丧失记忆事物的能力呢？专家怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆内容和方式。【8题详解】推理判
39、断题。根据第一段“Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.”专家们想知道，互联网是否正在改变我们的记忆，以及如何改变我们的记忆？这是本文的中心话题。因此推断，作者使用两个问句是为了引出要讨论的话题。故选A。【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.”可知第一组没有试着记住信息。故选C
40、。【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called transactive memory (交互记忆)”可知，在交互记忆里，人们记得怎样找到信息。故选D。【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知，互联网对人们的记忆产生的影响是它改变了我们使用记忆力的方式。DA star athlete at the college where I work recently stopp
41、ed by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she suffered severely by self-criticism.This student, like many I teach, strongly believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. In her mind, “Nothing can stop me but myself”.
42、 So when these students fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are filled with self-blame, reasoning, “If my accomplishments are mine to control, my failures must be entirely my faults, too”, which makes it extremely difficult for them to move on.We often owe young adults strug
43、gling with failure to their parents overprotection of them from discomfort. But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it. However, the cruel reality of life is th
44、at you can do everything in your power and still fail. Then what should be done to help?Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater
45、life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature. Besides, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things dont go their way, we might all question a culture where one is considered lazy without full devotion. The point is to remind them that life has a way of sucker-punching
46、(出其不意) us when we least expect it. Its often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.12. What does the underlined phrase “by virtue of” in paragraph 2 mean?A. in addition toB. in spite ofC. by means ofD. for fear of13. The author believes that young adults find it hard to
47、struggle with failure because _.A. they are not taught how to deal with difficultiesB. they are short of the ability to handle failureC. they are under the protection of their parentsD. they are misled by their parents false message14. What did psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teacher
48、s to do?A. To teach students how to avoid faults.B. To lead students to set their truly loved goals.C. To help students to discover a path to success.D. To allow kids to blame themselves.15. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Students dont care about failure at all.B. Students are sure to succ
49、eed if they try their best.C. Students should bear all the failures on their own.D. Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了很多学生因为一些失败而自我批评，但现在年轻人很难与失败作斗争是因为其父母对他们的过度保护。心理学家认为老师和家长应该帮助他们找到自身的目标，对世界造成影响，这样可以提高他们生活的满意度并使得他们心理上变得更成熟。【12题详
50、解】词义猜测题。第二段第2句提到“In her mind, “Nothing can stop me but myself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组by virtue of 意为“通过”。A. in addition to除之外；B. in spite of尽管，不顾；C. by means of通过；D. for fear of以免，以防。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。第三段第1、2句提到“We often owe young adults struggling with failu
51、re to their parents overprotection of them from discomfort. But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”通常情况下我们把年轻人和失败作斗争归因为父母对他们的过度保护，更主要的原因是因为父母的纵容让年轻人以为只要愿意为
52、之奋斗就能取得成就。由此可知，现在的年轻人很难与失败作斗争，因为他们被父母的错误信息误导了。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。第四段第一句提到“Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfactio
53、n and become more psychologically mature.”心理学家提出家长和老师可以帮助学生找到自己的目的，或者他们想要追求的目标，这样可以帮助他们提高生活的满意度，使得他们心理上变得更加成熟。由此可知，心理学家建议要指引学生设置他们真正热爱的目标。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。第一段第二句提到“After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she suffered severely by self-criticism.”当她在周末的比赛中犯了错误后，她进行了严格的自我批评，故A项错误
54、。第三段第二句提到“But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”纵容的父母给孩子错误的信息是只要努力就能成功，而事实并不如此，故B项错误。最后一段心理学家提到老师和家长要帮助学生们找到自己的目标，说明学生不能只靠自己的努力承受所有的失败，故C项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“It
55、s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.”那些说着“事情就是这样”的人能够更快的站起来，说明心态更好的人能恢复的更快，D项符合文意，故选D。【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第1小题中，可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其意义。第二段第2句提到“In her mi
56、nd, “Nothing can stop me but myself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组by virtue of 意为“通过”。A. in addition to除之外；B. in spite of尽管，不顾；C. by means of通过；D. for fear of以免，以防。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Live Every Day Like Its A HolidayW
57、e feel great on holiday because we let go of everyday stresses and strains. _16_ So whether or not youre going away this summer, theres plenty you can do to make sure you benefit from that holiday feeling.Sleep like a holidaymakerSleep like a baby when youre on your holidays but stay awake when your
58、e in your usual routine? _17_ To reset your sleep pattern, avoid bringing problems to bed. That includes your phone, TV or laptop. Make sure the room is dark and cool. Aim for at least seven hours just as you would on holiday.Get moving_18_ Given that exercise is cheap, healthy and reduces stress, i
59、t makes absolute sense to build it into your day. A walk will release happy hormones, and eases anxiety and mild depression._19_Part of the joy of going away is lingering over delicious food with families. Take up the holiday habit of sitting down as a family for at least one meal a day. Families wh
60、o eat together experience less anxiety, less depression and less obesity, research has found.Be a tourist in your own cityPart of the thrill of a holiday is the novelty of discovering a new place and doing new things. _20_ At weekends, check out a new music venue, visit a different museum or have a
61、drink in that interesting-looking pub youre always walking past. It will get you out of routine and make you feel alive. A bit like a holiday, really.A. Make your meals a celebration.B. Carve out some dedicated quiet time.C. If so, you might need to examine your sleep habits.D. Just make sure you sc
62、hedule it into your day or week.E. But its also easy to be a holidaymaker in the place you live.F. Research has even shown that vacations help health and well-being.G. When youre travelling, you walk around new cities without a second thought.【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. E【解析】【分析】本文就几个方面给读者提出了几条建
63、议来建议人们为自己营造假期氛围，享受生活。【16题详解】由本段标题和第一句可知，由于摆脱了每天的压力和紧张，假期给我们的感觉很好。研究甚至表明，假期有助于健康和幸福。该句与上一句构成递进关系，故选项F符合语境。【17题详解】本段第一句为设问句，“当你在度假的时候睡得像个婴儿一样，但当你在你的日常生活中保持清醒？”因此该空作为答语，如果是这样，你可能需要检查你的睡眠习惯。故选C。【18题详解】根据本段的标题和本段其他几句可知散步有很多好处，作者建议人们多运动。又根据下一句提及的“that exercise”，可知与选项G中“walk around cities”有呼应关系，故选G。【19题详解】
64、本句为标题句。根据本段段意可知，为了减少焦虑、抑郁和肥胖，要养成和家人一起坐下来，每天至少吃一顿饭的假日习惯。故“让吃饭成为一种庆祝”符合题意，故选A。【20题详解】根据本段标题句：在自己的城市做一名游客。由上下文逻辑可知，本句与上一句构成转折关系，进入正题，选项E中to be a holidaymaker in the place you live与主题呼应，故选E。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇和逻辑呼应关系来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词、动词、形容词和副词等，然后在选项中查找与它们相对应的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年
65、代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第1小题中的“even”与前一句为递进关系，第2小题中的“If so”与前一句设问，第3小题中的“walk around cities”与下一句的“that exercise”，第5小题中的but与前一句Part of toe thrill of a holiday is the novelty of discovering a new place and doing new things.的转折，另外“to be a holidaymaker in the place you live”与本段标题Be a tourist in your own city，均有呼应
66、关系。第三部分 完形填空（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. Its _21_ that being full of vim and vigor（精力充沛）helps the body _22_ illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.“We need to take mor
67、e seriously the possibility that a _23_ emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk,” says psychologist Sheldon Gohen, the studys lead researcher.In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who _24_ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs,
68、and other cold symptoms(症状)。Those findings were interesting, but they didnt prove that a persons _25_ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a persons underlying personality is what matters.Evidence suggests, for example, that certain people are naturally more likel
69、y to be outgoing and _26_, with high self-respect and a sense of _27_ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our_28_ of catching colds.To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion), the CMU team _29_ 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to eac
70、h person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative _30_they had experienced that day.The results showed that everyone in the study was _31_ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, _32_ depending on the types of emotions that they had
71、 reported over the _33_ two weeks.Scientists _34_ about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger _35_ on how healthy we are. For now, it cant hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!21. A. necessaryB. possibleC. doubtfulD. certain22. A. fightB. reduceC. stopD. remov
72、e23. A. negativeB. standardC. passiveD. positive24. A. failedB. managedC. tendedD. had25. A. thoughtB. attitudeC. strengthD. quality26. A. activeB. optimisticC. braveD. healthy27. A. controlB. humourC. directionD. urgency28. A. attitudeB. sufferingsC. chancesD. emotions29. A. examinedB. watchedC. te
73、stedD. interviewed30. A. charactersB. feelingsC. attitudesD. thoughts31. A. equallyB. lessC. mostD. hardly32. A. occurredB. differedC. sufferedD. reduced33. A. sameB. exactC. valuableD. previous34. A. talkB. knowC. argueD. think35. A. effectB. feelingC. impressionD. image【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C
74、25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章说明了科学家认为积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险。但结果显示，参与研究的每个人被感染的可能性是相等的。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员说，充满精力和活力可能有助于身体抵抗疾病。A. necessary必要的；B. possible可能的；C. doubtful可疑的；D. certain必然的。根据后文“say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) i
75、n Pittsburgh.”可知，这是匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员的可能性推测。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员说，充满活力和活力可能有助于身体抵抗疾病。A. fight与竞争；B. reduce减少；C. stop停止；D. remove移开。根据句意以及“illnesses ”可知是与疾病作斗争。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要更加重视这样一种可能性:积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险。A. negative消极的；B. standard标准的；C. passive被动的；D. positive积极的。
76、根据后文“a fighter player in disease risk”可知积极的情绪可以成为疾病风险中的战斗者。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此前的一项研究中，科恩和他的同事们发现，性格开朗活泼的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒症状。A. failed失败；B. managed管理；C. tended趋向，倾向；D. had有。根据后文“least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒症状。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨
77、析。句意：这些发现很有趣，但它们并没有证明一个人的态度会影响他或她是否生病。A. thought思想，想法；B. attitude态度；C. strength力量，力气；D. quality质量。根据上文“people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms.”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易生病，也就是一个人的生活态度会影响他或她是否生病。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，有证据表明，某些人天
78、生更可能是外向和乐观的，有高度的自尊和对生活的控制感。A. active积极的，活跃的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. brave勇敢的；D. healthy健康的。根据前文“outgoing and”可知，该空应填与“outgoing”意义并列，形容性格的词。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，有证据表明，某些人天生更可能是外向和乐观的，有高度的自尊和对生活的掌控感。A. control控制，掌控；B. humour幽默；C. direction指导，方向；D. urgency紧急。根据前文“high self-respect”可推知，有高度自尊的人也有着对生活的掌
79、控感。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我们是谁，最终决定了我们患感冒几率，而不是我们的感觉。A. attitude态度；B. sufferings苦难的经历；C. chances机会，几率；D. emotions情绪。根据句子“finally decides our8of catching colds.”语境可知，是我们自己本身决定了患感冒的几率。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，CMU团队采访了193名健康成年人。A. examined检查；B. watched观察；C. tested考验； D. interviewed采
80、访。根据后文“193 healthy adults”可知，CMU团队采访了193名健康成年人。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉研究人员当天所经历的积极和消极的感受。A. characters性格；B. feelings感觉，感受；C. attitudes态度；D. thoughts想法。根据前文“To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion)”可知，研究人员为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，于是他们采访研究对象当天经历的积极和消极的感受。“feelings”与“emotion”为情感方面的词。故选B项。
81、【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果显示，参与研究的每个人被感染的可能性是相等的。A. equally相等地；B. less更少地；C. most最多；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“Their symptoms, however, 12 depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 13 two weeks.”可推知，尽管研究对象的症状因情绪类型而不同，但是他们被感染的可能性是相等的。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同。A. oc
82、curred发生；B. differed使不同；C. suffered遭受；D. reduced减少。根据后文“depending on the types of emotions that they had reported”可知，他们的报告的情绪类型是不同的。因此，他们的症状因情绪类型不同而有所不同。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同。A. same相同的；B. exact准确的；C. valuable有价值的；D. previous以前的。根据上文“The researchers talked to each perso
83、n over the phone every evening for 2 weeks.”可知，研究人员每天晚上都和研究对象进行电话交谈，持续两周。因此，到研究结束为止，症状是前两周发生的。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们争论是否消极情绪或者积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。A. talk谈论；B. know知道；C. argue争论；D. think想。根据前文 “Their symptoms, however, 12depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 13 two wee
84、ks.”可知，研究结果显示研究对象的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同，没有体现出积极情绪和消极情绪哪个对人们的健康影响更大。因此科学家对此进行争论。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们争论是否消极情绪或积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。A. effect影响；B. feeling感觉；C. impression印象；D. image想象。根据全文以及句子“whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger 15on how healthy we are.”可知，科学家们争论是否消极情绪或积极情
85、绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。故选A项。第四部分 单项选择（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分）36. In this game you were asked to work together as a team and solve problems as they _.A. roseB. aroseC. raisedD. arise【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析和时态。句意：在这款游戏中，你需要作为一个团队一起工作，解决出现的问题。arise（问题、困难等）出现，不及物动词；rise（数字等）增加，上升，不及物动词；raise提高，举起，筹集，及物动词。根据上文“you we
86、re asked”可知应用一般过去时，且此处指出现的问题，应用arose。故选B。37. Before starting the race, he gave me a _ look.A determineB. determiningC. determinationD. determined【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：比赛开始前，他给了我一个坚定的眼神。该空修饰名词look，用形容词，A.determine 决心，动词；B.determining 决心，现在分词；C.determination 决心，名词；D.determined坚定的，形容词。只有D选项是形容词，故选D。38.
87、 The rain came so suddenly that _ I could find a _ to hide, it had begun pouringA. after, reserveB. before, reserveC. after, shelterD. before, shelter【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句及名词词义辨析。句意：雨下得太突然了，我还没找到避雨的地方，雨就下起来了。根据语境可知此处指还没来得及找遮蔽物就下雨了，before引导时间状语从句，意为：在之前；还没来得及；之后，故第一个空填before。第二空前是冠词a，故空格填名词，由常识可知下雨时要
88、避雨，故要找遮蔽物， shelter，名词，意为： 庇护；避难所；遮盖物。after：在之后；reserve：储备（量）；自然保护区。故选D。39. It was the first time in my life that I _ the wonderful scene.A. sawB. had seenC. have seenD. see【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这是我有生以来，第一次看到这么美丽的景色。This / That/ It is/ wasthe序数词名词从句(从句中的时态要用完成时态；如前为is，则用现在完成时，如为was则用过去完成时)，故选B。40. T
89、helawyerwassokindthathedevotedallhissparetimehehad_thedisabled.A. tohelpingB. helpedC. helpingD. tohelp【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位律师是如此的善良，把自己所有的空闲时间用于帮助残疾人。分析句子可知，本句为devote sth to doing sth致力于做某事，he had为定语从句修饰spare time，故选A。41. The UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve
90、worldwide starvation.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whose【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。句中先行词 the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句中作名词purpose的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选D。42. _ is known to us, the PRC was founded on October 1, 1949.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，中华人民共和国成立于
91、1949年10月1日。as is known to us众所周知，as引导定语从句，指代后面一件事，关系代词做主语。故选B。43. Jack _ in the lab when the electricity went out.A. worksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：杰克正在实验室里工作，这时候突然断电了。本句考查when引导的并列句，句型为：sb. was/were doing sth. when表示一个动作在进行，另一个动作发生了，when在句中是并列连词，故此处用过去进行时，故选C项。
92、【点睛】when作并列连词时，引导并列句，意为“就在这时，”。常用句型有三种：1.sb. be doing when.某人正在做某事时突然，如I was watching TV when someone knocked the door.；2. sb. be about to do when.某人正要做某事时突然，如I was about to go out for a walk when the doorbell rang.；3.sb. had just done sth. when.某人刚做完某事时突然，如I had just finished the homework when my m
93、other came in.。44. According to the information _ Tuesday morning, the fire had claimed five peoples lives.A. updateB. updatesC. updatedD. updating【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：据周二上午更新的消息，火灾已造成5人死亡。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 information，动词update与其逻辑主语information之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故选C。45. Wha
94、ts that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.A. was testedB. will be testedC. is being testedD. has been tested【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：-那是什么噪音？-哦，我忘记告诉你了。新机器正在被测试。主语the new machine和谓语test是被动的关系，故用被动语态。从上文可判断出该动作一直在进行中，所以本题应该使用进行时的被动语态 ，故选C项。第II卷 （非选择题，55分）第五部分 根据提示，填入正确的单词。（每空1分，满分10
95、分）A. 根据首字母或中文提示在空白处填入单词的适当形式46. I would a_ it if you could give me an early reply(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】appreciate【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：如果您能尽早给我答复，我将不胜感激。根据单词首字母以及固定句型“I would appreciate it if 如果.我将非常感谢”可知，该空应填动词appreciate。故填appreciate。47. His name is f_ to everyone here. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】familiar【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意
96、：这里的每个人都熟悉他的名字。根据句意和首字母提示“f”可知，此处应该填写意为“熟悉的”的形容词，在句中作表语，故填familiar。48. The tight_ (日程表)keeps him busy all the time(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】schedule【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：紧凑的日程安排使他一直很忙。根据汉语提示可知，schedule日程表，名词作主语，符合题意；由空后谓语动词keeps可知，空处名词需用单数。故填schedule。49. It is said that yoga is _ (有益)to peoples health. (根据汉语提示单
97、词拼写)【答案】beneficial【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：据说瑜伽对人们的健康有益。根据汉语提示可知，beneficial有益的，形容词作表语，符合题意；be beneficial to对有益，固定搭配。故填beneficial。50. Illegal hunting _ (威胁) the survival of wild animals in Africa so far. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】has threatened【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，非法狩猎已经威胁到非洲野生动物的生存。根据汉语提示可知，threaten威胁，动
98、词作谓语，符合题意；由时间状语so far可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，不可数名词hunting作主语，谓语动词需用单数，助动词需用has。故填has threatened。B. 用适当的介词或副词填空51. The movie _ which people have great interest will be released next month. (用适当的词填空)【答案】in【解析】【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：人们很感兴趣的那部电影将在下个月上映。该句为介词加关系代词引导的定语从句，关系代词
99、which指代The movie，从句中短语have great interest in中的in与关系代词存在介宾关系。介词in提前放在关系代词前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。故填in。52. The temple has a history dating back _ the Tang Dynasty. (用适当的词填空)【答案】to【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这座寺庙有一段可以追溯到唐代的历史。date back to追溯到，固定短语。故填to。53. It is very difficult for me to make _ what is on the pap
100、er in the dark. (用适当的词填空)【答案】out【解析】【详解】考查短语。句意：在黑暗中我很难辨认出纸上写的是什么。make out辨认。根据句意，故填out。54. _ average each report requires one week to prepare. (用适当的词填空)【答案】On【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：准备每份报告平均需要一周时间。on average平均起来，固定短语作状语，符合题意；句首单词，首字母需大写。故填On。55. His speech inspired them _ self-confidence. (用适当的词填空)【答
101、案】with【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：他的演讲鼓舞了他们的自信。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“inspire sb. with sth.”，意为“鼓舞某人，在某人心中激起某种情感”，句中指“鼓舞了他们的自信”，符合句意，故空格处应用介词with。故填with。第六部分 根据提示，完成句子， 每空一词。（每空1分，满分10分）56. We cant _ _ to these unreasonable demands.我们不能对这些不合理的要求让步。【答案】 (1). give (2). way【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“对让步”之意，gi
102、ve way to“对让步”，固定短语，符合题意；情态动词cant后需接动词原形。故填give；way。57. Human beings should be _ _ the wildlife protection.人类应该对野生动物的保护负责。【答案】 (1). responsible (2). for【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“对负责”之意，be responsible for对负责，固定短语，符合题意。故填responsible for。58. Only then _ he _ his mistakes.只有到那时他才意识到他的错误。【答案】 (1
103、). did (2). realize【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。only修饰副词、介词短语及从句作状语，且放在句首时，应用部分倒装，即be动词/助动词/情态动词放到主语之前。故答案为didrealize。59. _ _ the little girls spirit, he set up a charitable organization to help children like her.他被小女孩的精神感动了，他成立慈善组织来帮助和她一样的孩子们。【答案】 (1). Inspired/ Touched/ Moved (2). by【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。结合句意表示“被感
104、动”短语为be inspired/touched/moved by，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Inspired/ Touched/ Moved；by。60. The island _ _ our country.这座小岛属于我们国家。【答案】 (1). belongs (2). to【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“属于”之意，belong to属于，固定短语，符合题意；本句陈述事实，谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是island，单数，所以空处谓语动词需用单数形式belongs。故填belongs to。第七部分 语
105、法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right? Well, yesbut not for everyone.France was the first country _61_(introduce) plates in 1893. Early number plates differed _62_shape and size, and were made of lots of di
106、fferent materials, including iron, cardboard and even pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 _63_car manufacturers and the governments agreed on standardized(标准化) plates. _64_was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter “A” showed the number was from London, while the number “1” showe
107、d it was the first number issued. At the moment, number plates _65_ (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and _66_ systems have changed many times because these letter-number _67_ (combine)
108、keep running out. In the past decades, some number plates _68_ (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. _69_ (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to represent words or parts of words. For example, “NVERLA8” means “Never Late”. And the most _70_ (expense) number eve
109、r was “M1” which an anonymous(匿名的) buyer has acquired for 331,000.【答案】61. to introduce 62. in 63. that 64. What 65. consisting 66. their / the 67. combinations 68. have become 69. Basically 70. expensive【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了车牌发展的历史。【61题详解】考查不定式。句意：法国是1893年第一个引进车牌的国家。根据句型the+序数词+名词 to do sth，表示第几个做某事的.，此处动词
110、需要用不定式形式，故填to introduce。【62题详解】考查介词。句意：早期的车牌形状和大小各不相同，由许多不同的材料制成，包括铁、纸板，甚至压榨大豆。differ in表示在某方面不同，此处表示在形状和大小上不同，故填in。【63题详解】考查强调句。句意：事实上，直到1957年，汽车制造商和政府才就标准化车牌达成一致。本句是强调句，句式为it was +被强调部分+that/who.，此处被强调部分是物，连接词应用that，故填that。【64题详解】考查连词。句意：首先在英国注册的是A1。本句是主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示物，应用what，故填What。【65题详解】考查现在分词。句
111、意：目前，英国使用的车牌是由一系列字母和数字组成的。分析句子结构，主语是 number plates，谓语动词是are applied，所以consist是非谓语动词，consist和number plates之间是主动关系，需要用现在分词形式，故填consisting。【66题详解】考查冠词。句意：系统已经改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合一直在耗尽。此处特指systems，需要用定冠词the，故填the。【67题详解】考查名词复数。句意：系统已经改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合一直在耗尽。本句主语由these修饰，所以主语应用名词复数形式，故填combinations。【68题详
112、解】考查时态。句意：在过去几十年里，一些车牌变得非常有价值，尤其是那些印有文字的车牌。根据时间状语 In the past decades，可知应用现在完成时态，主语number plates是复数，助动词have用原形形式，故填have become。【69题详解】考查副词。句意：基本上，盘子上的数字可以用来代表单词或单词的一部分。此处需要用副词修饰后面的句子，故填Basically。【70题详解】考查形容词。句意：有史以来最昂贵的数字是“M1”,一位匿名买家收购了331000。此处用形容词做定语，修饰名词number。故填expensive。第八部分 书面表达（满分20分）71. 假定你是
113、学生会主席李华，想邀请外教Mr. Black一起参观学生会组织的书法展（calligraphy exhibition），请给他写封邮件。写作要点：1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容； 3.期待回复。写作要求：1. 短文词数不少于100。2. 内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。3. 书写须清晰、工整。_【答案】One possible version:Dear Mr. Black,Im Li Hua, Chairman of the Students Union. Knowing that you are interested in calligraphy, Im writing to invite
114、you to the calligraphy exhibition to be held in our school.As scheduled, more than 200 calligraphy works, all of which are collected from both students and teachers, will be on show from June 1 to 15 on the first floor of the library. In the exhibition, not only can the skills of these skilled calli
115、graphers be enjoyed, but also you can know more about our Chinese traditional culture from these beautiful works. There is no doubt that you will enjoy yourself if you can join us. Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Mr. Black写封邮件，邀请他参观学生会组织的书法展。【详解】1.词汇积累对感兴趣：
116、be interested in sth.take an interest in sth.展出：be on showput on display熟练的：skilledexpert过得愉快：enjoy oneselfhave a good time/have fun2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Knowing that you are interested in calligraphy, Im writing to invite you to the calligraphy exhibition to be held in our school.拓展句：Knowing that you are
117、 interested in calligraphy, Im writing to invite you to the calligraphy exhibition which is going to be held in our school.【点睛】高分句型1 As scheduled, more than 200 calligraphy works, all of which are collected from both students and teachers, will be on show from June 1 to 15 on the first floor of the library. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 There is no doubt that you will enjoy yourself if you can join us. (运用了 There is no doubt that句型和if引导的条件状语从句)
