1、高考题型重组练(三).阅读理解A2019青岛市质量检测 Recently whenever I turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news about the great effect of Hurricane Harvey on thousands of people caught my eye. I saw many unfortunate events. However, there were also the bright news that confirmed the goodness of mankind. As a journal
2、ist, I wrote many humaninterest stories during my career. Thats why the story about the guys in the bakery caught my eye. When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days, they didnt sit there feeling sorry for themselves. They used their time wisely
3、after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey. While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community. The flood water rose in the street outside. They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bak
4、e bread. They used more than 4,200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread. Although the water kept rising, they continued baking to help more people. By the time the owner managed to get to them, they had made so much bread that they took the loaves to loads of emerge
5、ncy centers across the city for people affected by the floods. The store manager, Brian Alvarado, told The Independent，“ Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn. Instead，we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others. Our acts of kindness will make a big differe
6、nce.”体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：面对灾难，采取积极的行动来拯救自己和帮助别人【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一家连锁面包店的员工们在面对哈维飓风带来的洪水、断电时，在等待救援的同时采取积极的行动，利用应急电源烤面包去帮助社区受洪水影响的居民。1What did the bakery store workers do after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey?AThey volunteered to make bread for their community.BThey managed to live by selling more bread i
7、n the store.CThey felt sorry that they couldnt escape from the store.DThey ate nothing but to wait for their community to rescue them.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据文章第二段的最后一句“While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for t
8、heir community.”可知，当这家面包房的员工们在等待周一上午的最终救援时，四人决定为他们的社区制作尽可能多的面包。故选A项。2Which of the following best explains “forlorn” underlined in the last paragraph?AFortunate. BHopeful.CShallow. DDesperate.答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Instead，we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others.”可知，相反，我们应该采取
9、积极的行动来拯救自己和帮助他人。由Instead可知，forlorn的语义与positive的意思相反，故forlorn与desperate (绝望的)意思相近。故选D项。3What can we infer from the text?AAlvarado organized his workers to bake much bread.BHurricane Harvey caused a power failure in Houston.CThe staff in the bakery sent enough flour to emergency centers.DThe author pr
10、eferred to write stories about people facing disasters.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread.”可知，他们利用应急电源烤面包。由此可推知，哈维飓风造成休斯敦停电。故选B项。4What can be the best title for the text?AA Popular Mexican Bakery Chain in HoustonBWait for the Eventual Rescue in
11、a Big DisasterCAll Kinds of Disasters Caused by Hurricane Harvey in HoustonDBake Bread to Make a Difference in the Face of Hurricane Harvey答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。根据文章第二、三段的内容和最后一段中的“Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”可知，D项(在面对哈维飓风时，烤面包起了很大作用)作为标题最能概括全文内容。故选D项。B2019湖南省月考(五) Dan Buettner has stud
12、ied five places around the world where residents are famed for their longevity: Okinawa in Japan, Nicoya in Costa Rica, Icaria in Greece, Loma Linda in the US. and Sardinia in Italy. People living in these socalled “Blue Zones” have certain factors in common social support networks, daily exercise h
13、abits and a plantbased diet for starters. But they share another unexpected commonality. In each community, people are gardening well into old age their 80s, 90s and beyond. Could nurturing your green thumb help you live to 100? It is wellknown that an outdoor lifestyle with moderate physical activi
14、ties is linked to longer life, and gardening is an easy way to accomplish both. “If you garden, youre getting some lowintensity physical activities most days, and you tend to work routinely，” says Buettner. He says there is evidence that gardeners live longer and are less stressed. A variety of stud
15、ies confirm this, pointing to both the physical and mental health benefits of gardening. If gardening is good, is farming even better? Many of the lifestyle factors associated with longevity such as living in the country and getting lots of exercise apply to farmers as well. Some evidence suggests t
16、hat farming is one of the healthiest occupations. However, neither farming nor gardening will ultimately guarantee a longer lifespan (寿命). But some of the lifestyle factors associated with both namely going outside, engaging in light physical activities and eating a healthy plantbased diet just migh
17、t.体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：从事园艺有益于长寿【语篇解读】一项通过观察某些地区的长寿人群的研究发现，他们长寿的因素除了良好的人际关系和饮食等因素外，还有一个重要因素：从事园艺工作。本文对此展开了详细论述。5What do the longlived people in the “Blue Zones” share?AThey all live well beyond 90.BThey keep on gardening.CThey only eat vegetables.DThey are very sociable.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容可知，生活在这些所谓的“
18、蓝色区域”的人们也有一些共同因素：相互支持的人际关系网、日常锻炼的习惯和植物性饮食。但是他们还有一个让人意想不到的共同之处，那就是从事园艺一直到80多岁甚至到90多岁及以上。故选B项。6How does gardening possibly help live a longer life? ABy getting people working outside occasionally. BBy getting people involved in creative projects. CBy providing some appropriate physical activities. DBy
19、 supporting effective social networks.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容可知，在户外从事适度的体力活动有助于长寿，而从事园艺正好既能获得低强度的体力活动，又能进行常规工作，所以有助于长寿。故选C项。7What does the author conclude in the last paragraph?AFarming will get more popular.BFarming and gardening can ensure longevity.CThere is no connection between longevity and occ
20、upation.DPhysical activities and healthy eating count.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知，务农是最健康的职业之一，但是务农和从事园艺都不能保证让一个人长寿，而户外活动、轻松的体力活动和健康的植物性饮食很重要。故选D项。8What can be a suitable title for the text?ASecrets of LongevityBGardening Could Help You Live to 100CGardening and FarmingDThe Benefits of Gardening答案与解析：B
21、考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍了从事适当的体力劳动，即在户外从事一些不太耗费体力的园艺对长寿有一定的好处。故选B项。.完形填空2019重庆市七校联考For years, couples have dedicated (把专用于) a single “ring” finger of the left hand to romance when any other finger would do. A case for the left side, the strong side? _1_ according to history.In the Middle Ages, getting caught w
22、riting with ones left hand could earn _2_ of being abnormal and in Spain, lefthanded people might even get severe _3_. In fact, the strong dislike of the left hand touched many _4_， from some countries against shaking left hands with people, to the _5_ in ancient Japan that any wife who didnt use he
23、r right hand could be _6_ divorced on the spot. So why do we _7_ a finger on the left hand to symbolize lasting love?Past _8_ wasnt all bad. The union of _9_ and the nowstandard ring placement can be _10_ back to secondcentury Egyptians who falsely believed that “a certain most fragile _11_” began i
24、n the fourth finger of the left hand and went directly to the heart. Centuries later, the Romans came to a(n) _12_ conclusion.But they were convinced that a “lovers vein (静脉)” in _13_ of a nerve connected this finger with the organ that _14_ blood. During the Roman engagement (订婚) process, a rich ma
25、n who could _15_ a ring would put it on his bridetobes fourth finger. The modern world may have _16_ that custom from the Romans.Until the seventeenth century, European couples _17_ wore their rings on the right hand. But in 1549, an English reformer used wedding rings as a way to _18_ the tradition
26、. He published a book, which instructs couples to abandon a centuriesold _19_ by slipping their wedding rings over the left hands fourth finger. Before long, couples throughout the continent _20_.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要介绍了结婚戒指戴在左手无名指上这一做法的起源。【熟词生义】adopt常用义：v.采用；领养本句义：v.承袭(风俗)例句：Immigrants tend to adopt the
27、customs and practices of the host society gradually.移民往往会逐渐承袭移居国家的风俗习惯。slip常用义：v.滑倒；溜本句义：v.迅速放置例句：The shy kid slipped his hand into his mothers.这个害羞的孩子悄悄把手伸过去，让他妈妈握住。1A.Maybe BIndeedCSure DNot答案与解析：D上文提到“多年来，夫妇们都是把象征爱情的戒指戴在左手无名指上，虽然其他任何手指也可以履行这一职责。难道是因为左手是更好的那只手吗？”，根据下文内容可知，此处应表示“历史上可不是这样说的”。故用Not。2
28、A.accusations BdebatesCdiscriminations Danxieties答案与解析：A在中世纪，被发现用左手写字会面临行为失常的指控(accusations)。debate“辩论，争论”；discrimination“区别，辨别”；anxiety“忧虑”。3A.blame BhateCpunishment Ddisapproval答案与解析：C在西班牙，惯用左手的人甚至很可能受到严惩(punishment)。句中的even暗示此处应比前一种情况更严重。blame“责备”；hate“厌恶”；disapproval“不赞成”。4A.families BgroupsCcul
29、tures Dtraditions答案与解析：C根据下文所举的两个例子可知，古人对左手的厌恶涉及多国文化(cultures)。5A.concept BexpectationCstruggle Dopinion答案与解析：B在古代日本，不使用右手的妻子预计要当场被合法地判离婚。expectation“预料，预期，期待”，符合语境。concept“概念”；struggle“斗争，努力”；opinion“意见，看法”。6A.legally BwiselyCprivately Dprobably答案与解析：A参见上题解析。legally“法律上，合法地”；wisely“明智地”；privately“私
30、下地”；probably“很可能”。7A.justify BarrangeCreward Dfavor答案与解析：D那么我们为什么选择(favor)左手的一根手指来象征永恒的爱呢？justify“证明有道理”；arrange“安排”；reward“奖赏”。8A.belief BbehaviorChistory Dexperience答案与解析：A根据下文的内容可知，此处表示“过去的看法也不全都是不好的”。故选belief“看法，信念”。9A.fondness BdutyCmarriage Dreligion答案与解析：C婚姻(marriage)和现行的戒指佩戴位置的结合可以追溯到2世纪的埃及人
31、身上。10A.put BtracedCrooted Dheld答案与解析：B参见上题解析。trace. back to.“追溯到”。11A.organ BfingerCsoul Dnerve答案与解析：D当时埃及人误以为“某个最脆弱的神经”从左手第四根手指开始，一直延伸到心脏。下文中的“in _13_ of a nerve”是提示。12A.contrary BaccurateCsimilar Dmistaken答案与解析：C几世纪后，罗马人也得出了相似的(similar)结论，但是罗马人认为把左手无名指和输送血液的器官连接起来的不是神经，而是“爱人的静脉”。contrary“相反的”；accu
32、rate“准确的”；mistaken“错误的”。13A.place BconsequenceCview Dadvance答案与解析：A参见上题解析。in place of“代替”；in consequence of“由于”；in view of“鉴于”；in advance of“在前，预先”。14A.purifies BproducesCabsorbs Dpumps答案与解析：D此处表示“输送血液的器官”，即上文提到的“the heart”，故用pump表示“用泵(或泵样器官等)输送”。purify“净化”；produce“制造”；absorb“吸收”。15A.possess Bafford
33、Cmake Dvalue答案与解析：B根据前面的“rich”可知，此处应是表示“买得起戒指的富人”，故用afford。16A.promoted BadoptedCbased Ddeveloped答案与解析：B现代社会可能从罗马人那里承袭(adopted)了这种风俗。17A.normally BridiculouslyCpolitely Dromantically答案与解析：A一直到17世纪，欧洲夫妇通常(normally)都将戒指戴在右手上。ridiculously“荒谬地”；politely“有礼貌地”；romantically“浪漫地”。18A.obey BbreakCcreate Dprevent答案与解析：B此处应用break和下文的abandon呼应，指的是“打破传统”。19A.restriction BhabitCpractice Dfeeling答案与解析：C这本书指导夫妇们抛弃这种悠久的做法(practice)，鼓励他们把结婚戒指戴在左手无名指上。20A.took the lead Bcut a dealCpoured into Dfollowed suit答案与解析：D不久，全欧洲的夫妇们都仿效了这种做法。follow suit“仿效”，符合语境。take the lead“起带头作用”；cut a deal“达成协议”；pour into“涌入”。
