1、2020-2021学年江苏省常州市第一高级中学高一下学期期末英语试卷2021.6第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A #ChefsChallenge!Love cooking? Join famous chefs with this online challenge cook, have fun and share your best healthy recipes!When it comes to food, its diffic
2、ult to match East Asia & Pacific in terms of variety and tastiness. From wontons to dumplings, from spicy fish to noodle soups, East Asia & Pacifics amazing food culture is a central part of life for millions of people and indeed tourists from across the world.However, changes in diet and lifestyle
3、in recent years have sadly destroyed traditional food cultures, and the health of millions of people. Cheap “fast food” and unhealthy snacks that are high in sugar, salt and fat are now all too common but offer little nutrition. A new challengeToday, there are more than 25 million of malnourished ch
4、ildren living in the region, but the picture is changing. While the number of stunted(发育不良) children is slowly falling in many countries, overweight and obesity are growing, and at a much faster rate.In many countries, three forms of malnutrition undernutrition, hidden hunger and overweight co-exist
5、. A family may have an overweight mother and a stunted child. Or a child may be both stunted or too short and overweight. Unhealthy diets are a major cause of all forms of malnutrition. Join us!One way to slow this tide is to reconnect families and young people with food. Thats why chefs from across
6、 the region are taking part in the #ChefsChallenge, asking you to show off your cooking skills. Get involved today by sharing your recipes with videos, photos or any other creative ways on social media using #ChefsChallenge and tagging UNICEF East Asia Pacific on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook. 1. W
7、hat has badly affected the traditional food culture in East Asia & Pacific?A. Western cooks arriving.B. Peoples turning to unhealthy food.C. Tourists bringing new recipes.D. Overweight childrens growing in number.2. What can we infer about “a malnourished child”?A. He is in a poor state of health.B.
8、 He is shorter than other kids.C. He has an overweight parent.D. He prefers eating at home.3. What is the purpose of “#ChefsChallenge”?A. To introduce excellent Asian cooks online.B. To help ordinary people challenge professional cooks.C. To encourage family and friends to get together online.D. To
9、reconnect people with tasty and nutritious food.BEver since she received a little toy airliner as a birthday gift, Kate Koralevskaya has been attracted by flight.From flying remote-controlled airplanes to building her own model ones, Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions, but
10、 only until recently has she been able to take that to new heights.When Kate heard about the Upwind Scholarship from her school counselor, she knew it was in extraordinary opportunity to realize her dream.The programs mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilots licens
11、e (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge.After completing a lengthy application and her subsequent acceptance into the program, Kate began her training last spring.Normally, recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where the
12、y learn the fundamentals of flying. Due to the pandemic (大流行病), however, Kate spent hours each weekend studying online lessons in her room whenever she got a break from homework. Once summer came around, Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school, reviewing fight training from n
13、ine to five every day.It was the toughest part of the program, Kate said.After completing that portion of ground school, Kate was finally able to begin flying at the San Carlos Airport with the other scholarship recipients from around the Bay Area.Flying.especially for first-timers like Kate, is a h
14、ands-on process involving lots of checklists to make sure the important tasks are being taken care of.Now, having finished the program and earned her PPL, Kate plans on training as a fight instructor and hopes to become an airline pilot in her future.She credits the Upwind Scholarship for all shes b
15、een able to accomplish so far and hopes that anyone who shares her passion will look into it.“It is a very hard scholarship to get into, and you have to be truly interested in flight,”Kate said.“It cant be something like Oh, why dont I try flying this summer?You have to be ready to do a lot of work
16、and put in effort in order to succeed in the program.”1.What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Her childhood dream of becoming a pilot.B. Her wish to take fights around the world.C. Her skill of building model airplanes.D. Her desire to fly remoter-controlled airplanes.2.What
17、is the goal of the Upwind Scholarship?A. To help students in need to achieve their dreams.B. To provide necessary training for private pilots for free.C. To prepare high school students to become a private pilot.D. To give students expert advice on earning a scholarship.3.What did Kate do in ground
18、school?A. She took online lessons on flying.B. She went over the fundamentals of flying.C. She did some research into the pandemic.D. She finished applying for the program.4.Which of the following best describes Kate?A. Confident and aggressive.B. Strong willed and patient.C. Ambitious and hard-work
19、ing.D. Demanding and courageous.C“A CAREER BOOK about Asians？Arent they doing fine?” So begins Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling，a very large scholarly book by Jane Hyun published in 2005. Because Asian-Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average country
20、men, they were seen as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely rose to the top of companies. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers - the “bamboo ceiling” of the books title - seemed to prohibit them from rising.Fifteen years later Asians are still under-represented. In the te
21、chnology sectors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the countrys population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500 (标准普尔500指数) firms.Some prominent Asians run big companies. Arvind Krishna is IBMs new boss. Satya Nadella runs Micro
22、soft and Sundar Pichai leads Alphabet. But few other Asians have joined their ranks - and, revealingly, these stars all have Indian roots. There are fewer South Asians in America than East Asians, but they still made up 13 of all 16 Asian S&P 500 CEOs.Why are there so few Asians among Americas busin
23、ess elite(精英)? And if a bamboo ceiling is to blame, why do South Asians break through more easily? These questions are the focus of a study by Jackson Lu of MIT Sloan School of Management and colleagues, who surveyed hundreds of senior executives and business-school students. They found that while d
24、iscrimination exists, it is not destiny (命中注定). South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites(if success is weighed against share of population). Their research also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high-status jobs
25、.That leaves culture. The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work, which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave. The same tendency for confident remarks featured in “The Argumentative Indian”, a boo
26、k by Amartya Sen, a Nobel-prize winning economist. The researchers owe East Asians silence to Confucian values of modesty and respect for social ranking. Sometimes bravery and bombast(夸大的言辞)are needed to break bamboo.1. What does “bamboo ceiling” refer to?A. The top of an American technology company
27、.B. A roof made of bamboo typical of Asian buildings.C. Promotion obstacles facing Asian employees in America.D. The invisible discrimination against Asians in the USA.2. What does “under-represented” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Lacking representatives. B. Hard to show their talents.C. Being underestimat
28、ed. D. Unable to land a job.3. According to Jackson Lu, what mainly accounts for fewer promotions of East Asians than South Asians?A. Small population. B. Discrimination. C. Lack of ambition. D. Culture.4. Why do South Asians succeed in American business more easily?A. Western people prefer modesty
29、to confidence in communication.B. The confidence they demonstrate consists with Western leadership.C. They endure greater racism and become more ambitious.D. Their ambition urges them to endeavor for high-status jobs.DGreat work is work that makes a difference in peoples lives, writes David Sturt, E
30、xecutive Vice President of the O C. Tanner Institute, in his book Great Work: How to Make a Difference People Love. Sturt insists, however, that great work is not just for surgeons or special-needs educators or the founders of organizations trying to eliminate poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. The cent
31、ral theme of Great Work, according to Sturt, is that anyone can make a difference in any job. Its not the nature of the job, but what you do with the job that counts. As proof, Sturt tells the story of a remarkable hospital cleaner named Moses.In a building filled with doctors and nurses doing great
32、 life-saving work, Moses the cleaner makes a difference. Whenever he enters a room, especially a room with a sick child, he engages both patients and parents with his optimism and calm, introducing himself to the child and, Sturt writes, speaking “ little comments about light and sunshine and making
33、 things clean.” He comments on any progress he sees day by day (“ youre sitting up today, thats good.”) Moses is no doctor and doesnt pretend to be, but he has witnessed hundreds of sick children recovering from painful surgery, and parents take comfort from his encouraging words. For Matt and Mindi
34、, whose son McKay was born with only half of a heart, Moses became a close friend. As Sturt explains， Moses took his innate(与生俱来的) talents( (his sensitivity) and his practical wisdom (from years of hospital experience) and combined them into a powerful form of patient and family support that changed
35、 the critical-care experience for Mindi, Matt and little McKay.”How do people like Moses do great work when so many people just work? That was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O C. Tanner Institute, a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system.
36、O C. Tanner launched an exhaustive great Work study that included surveys to 200 senior executives, a further set of surveys to 1,000 managers and employees working on projects, an in-depth qualitative study of 1.7 million accounts of award-winning work (in the form of nominations（提名） for awards fro
37、m corporations around the world), and one-on-one interviews with 200 difference makers. The results of the study revealed that those who do great work refuse to be defeated by the constraints of their jobs and are especially able to reframe their jobs: they dont view their jobs as a list of tasks an
38、d responsibilities but see their jobs as opportunities to make a difference. No matter, as Moses so ably exemplifies（例证）, what that job may be.1. According to Sturt, which of the following is TRUE?A. Its not the nature of the job, but what you do that makes a difference.B. Anyone in the world is res
39、ponsible to delete poverty and change the world.C. Anyone can make a difference in peoples lives no matter what kind of job he does.D. Surgeons, special-needs educators and founders of organizations can succeed more easily.2. According to this passage, how does Moses, a common hospital cleaner, make
40、 a difference in peoples lives?A. By keeping optimistic and calm when facing patients and their parents at hospital.B. By showing his special gift and working experience when working at hospital.C. By showing his sympathy and kindness to patients when entering their rooms.D. By pretending to be a do
41、ctor or nurse when entering a room with a sick child.3. The word “ constraints” in the last paragraph probably refers to . A. demands B. advantages C. disadvantages D. limitations 4. What can we infer from the passage?A. Great work is work that makes a difference in peoples lives no matter what you
42、do. B. If a boss has trouble recognizing his employees, he can ask O.C. Tanner for advice. C. Moses makes a difference through his sensitivity and his practical wisdom. D. Those who do great work are never defeated by others or their jobs themselves. 第二节 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入
43、空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。When it comes to getting ahead, is IQ or EQ more important? A thought experiment conducted featuring butterflies and geniuses settles the question once and for all.(1)_ So if you asked people whether theyd rather be a butterfly or a genius, Im betting most people wouldnt hesitate
44、 before choosing genius. But butterflies are also social creatures, often gathering in groups. The experiment points out just how big an advantage friendliness can be.Imagine two groups of people. Well call them the Geniuses and the Butterflies for short. (2)_ They come up with one ground-breaking i
45、nvention every 10 human lifetimes. The Butterflies arent nearly as bright. They take 1,000 lifetimes to come up with a world-changing invention.But what the Butterflies lack in cognitive(认知的的)horsepower, they make up for in social skills. (3)_ However, the egghead Geniuses are a little awkward. They
46、 only have one friend. Now imagine everyone goes about their business trying to learn about cool, new inventions, either by figuring them out for themselves or learning about them from friends. (4)_ The one where the people are a hundred times smarter(the Geniuses)or the one where theyre 10 times mo
47、re social(the Butterflies)?Well, communicating ideas within a group might not feel as impressive as coming up with brilliant ideas alone in a corner. Chatty Cathy(滔滔不绝的人)clearly have less cultural mystery than Nobel winners. But without them, new ideas dont spread fast enough to-make big impact. (5)
48、_This fascinating thought experiment is good news for the communicators and connectors of the world,but it also a valuable lesson for anyone putting-together a team.A. Which society does better?B. Is it hard for the experiment to draw a conclusion?C. The Geniuses are, well, geniuses.D. The Butterfli
49、es shouldnt be compared with the Geniuses.E. Each Butterfly has 10 friends.F. In terms of group success, EQ matters more than raw IQ.G. Butterflies are pretty but lacking in strength.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Tristin Stewart, 15, of No
50、rthern Ireland, has no right knee after undergoing an operation. Now, his right leg connects directly to a right foot backward, which fits more (1) than a traditional amputation (截肢).Tristin said he began experiencing (2) _ in his right leg in 2014, but it was not until last year that doctors diagno
51、sed it as a cancer. The diagnosis and (3) _ operation made Tristins parents, Mandy and Shane so worried.“Tristin was scared firstly before receiving the operation,” Mandy said. “When we went in to see him after the operation, you could (4) see that something was not in the right place under the (5)
52、_ , and Shane and I got up the courage to uncover it. That was a very strange sight, but my boys life was saved so thats all that (6) _ .”In spite of a (7) _ disease, the first in Northern Ireland, the soccer-loving teen is already back on his (8) just months after the operation.“At the start it was
53、 uncomfortable and I wasnt used to it because of the weight and my foot you know, it felt (9) _ but now I m accustomed to it,” Tristin told Caters News. “It feels close to normal.”“I can (10) with it and Ive just started a jog,” Tristin said. “Without it, Id be in a (11) _ . I wouldnt be able to do
54、anything.”Unexpectedly, many people are now (12) _ money to buy Stewart professional aid equipment so he can (13) in sports and more physical activities.“Friends have been just as (14) _ , and they havent treated me differently,” Tristin added. “And I believe no matter how (15) the mountain, there w
55、ill always be a climb for the people who do not fear the difficult.”1AcomfortablyBdifferentlyCdangerouslyDcommonly2AsorrowBpainCsurpriseDstrength3AexpectingBleadingCfollowingDincreasing4AgraduallyBsorelyCobviouslyDfortunately5AbedsBcoversCclothesDknives6AdamagesBmattersCkeepsDmemorizes7AsuccessfulBd
56、eadlyCfrustratingDrare8AfeetBwayCbehalfDside9AgreatBuglyCamazingDstrange10AstudyBwalkCswimDrun11AbedBcarCwheelchairDfield12AraisingBmakingCstealingDprinting13AtakeBgiveCbreakDparticipate14AhealthyBsmartChardDusual15AsmoothBmagnificentCsteepDdifficult第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词
57、）或括号内单词的正确形式。The English word “dinner” used to refer to breakfast. It comes from the Old French word “disnar”,(1)_in fact means “breakfast”.So(2)_did this word come to have a different meaning?(3)_(tradition), dinner (what we now refer to as breakfast) was the first meal of the day, eaten around noo
58、n. It also happened to be the(4)_(big) meal of the day, with a lighter meal coming later(5)_(know) as supper.Today many people find(6)_strange that the biggest meal of the day once centered around noon,(7)_it made great sense at that time. Artificial lighting such as oil lamps and candles were expen
59、sive, and provided weak light at best. So people went to sleep at sundown, because its difficult(8)_(work) and eat in the dark. The last meal of the day was a rushed affair, a quick snack before the lights went out.Eventually, more meals(9)_(add) to the day. This meant that people were eating smalle
60、r meals before the bigger meal. So the word that once(10)_(refer) to our first meal, now refers to our last. However, it is true that in many Western cultures dinner still remains the biggest meal of the day.第四部分 基础知识检测（共三节，满分25分）第一节 单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请使用X1U1-U3部分的单词1. It _(突然想到) me that we mig
61、ht have made the wrong decision.2. Weve already bought the house but we won take _(拥有) of it until May.3. The book is expected to _(占有优势) the best-seller lists.4. Out of my_(预料), I made great achievements soon.5. A _(结合) of talent, hard work and good looks have taken her to the top.6. The winners we
62、re given an _(热情的) welcome when they arrived home.7. Do you think the film _(改编本) was faithful to the book？8. Adequate _(刺激) and nutrition are essential for development during the first three years of life.9. Bike sharing has _(席卷) across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike ridi
63、ng instead of driving.10. He said by the end of the year, there was a 6% drop in the _(消费) of such drinks.第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）1. If _(teach) properly, anyone can learn how to operate the machine.2. His proposal given to me in the e-mail was worthy _(consider).3. _(expose) to very loud music
64、 makes it possible for young people to risk going deaf.4. All the books donated by the students from urban schools are said _(send) to the students in rural areas the other day.5. Nancy let me repeat her instruction to make sure that I understood what was_(do)after she was away on business.6. _(dres
65、s) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident.7. A simple 30-minute operation _(develop) by scientists now is hoped to cure blindness in six years.8. -What made you worried?-Our _(not know) how to help the people in the snowstorm in the South.9. His heart racing, and tears _(fill) his ey
66、es, Jack carefully unlocked the box.10. In recent years, a lot of trees have been cut down, which contributes to soil _(wash)away.第三节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）1. 我渴得要命，那杯冰水正好解渴。I was dying of the thirst, and that cup of ice tea _ _ _.2. 委员会仍在审阅所有申请表。The board are still _ _ _ through the application form
67、s.3. 他在好奇心的驱使下打开了盒子。_ _ _, he opened the box.4. 这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理的轻松自如，显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。The music moves through technology difficult sections _ _， showing his genius as a composer.5. 现在学生可以表达自己的观点，而不只是听老师讲。Now students can express their own ideas, _ _ _ just listening to the teacher.第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李
68、华，你校国际部要举行一场校园音乐会，并请你在开幕式上致辞。内容包括：1.活动目的 2.活动组织 3.活动预期注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。注：选拔赛 qualification trialLadies and gentlemen,_一、阅读A【答案】BADB【答案】ACBCC【答案】CADBD【答案】 CADB二、七选五【答案】GCEAF四、单词拼写【答案】1. struck 2.possession 3. dominate 4. expectation 5. combination6. enthusiastic 7. adaptation 8. stim
69、ulation 9. swept 10. consumption单句语法填空【答案】1. taught 2. to be considered 3. Being exposed 4. to have been sent 5. to be done6. Dressed 7. being developed 8. not knowing 9. filling 10. being washed完成句子【答案】1. hit the spot 2. working their way 3. Overcome with curiosity 4. with ease 5. as opposed to应用文写
70、作【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,Firstly, please permit me to show best welcome to all of you present today.I feel greatly honored to make this speech on behalf of the organizing committee.This concert is organized to raise students interest in music and to.provide a platform for those with music talent to show themselves. Lots of students signed up for the show, so we arranged a qualification trial to choose the best.ones.I hope more students will take interest in music after the activity and everyone here will have a wonderful time today.Thank you for your attention.
