1、Unit 1Science Fiction人工智能是一门基于计算机科学、生物学、心理学、神经科学、数学和哲学等学科的技术科学。人工智能只是一种技术，就像任何技术一样，可以用来造福人类，也可能会为人类带来危害。我们需要以负责和道德的方式使用人工智能，国际社会也需要应对人工智能带来的挑战。In the years ahead, AI will raise three big questions for bosses and governments.One is the effect on jobs. Although bosses publicly praise the broad benefit
2、s AI will bring very much, their main interest lies in cutting costs. One European bank asked a technology company to find a way of reducing the staff in its operations department from 50,000 to 500. A special report has shown that AIenhanced tools can help reduce staff in departments such as custom
3、er service and human resources by a large amount. The McKinsey Global Institute finds that by 2030 up to 375 million people, or 14% of the global workers in companies or countries, could have their jobs automated away. Bosses will need to decide whether they are prepared to offer and pay for retrain
4、ing, and whether they will give workers time off for it. Many companies say they are all for workers developing new skills, but not at employers expense.A second important question is how to protect privacy as AI spreads. The Internet has already made it possible to track peoples digital behaviour i
5、n extremely small detail. AI will provide even better tools for businesses to monitor consumers and workers, both online and in the physical world. Consumers are sometimes happy to go along with this if it results in personalised services. But AI probably brings privacy violations that are seen as s
6、hocking and morally unacceptable. In the wrong hands, useful technology could be against fair and equal treatment. The police around the world will use AI to spot criminals, but may also look on ordinary citizens secretly, in order to discover things or find out information about them. New rules wil
7、l be needed to ensure agreement on what degree of monitoring is acceptable.The third question is about the effect of AI on competition in business. Today many firms are competing to provide AIenhanced tools for companies. But a technology company that achieves artificial intelligence could be ahead
8、of its competitors, put others out of business and lessen competition. This is unlikely to happen in the near future, but if it did, it would be of great concern.【注】AIenhanced adj.人工智能增强的automate vt.使自动化privacy n隐私personalise vt.使个性化；使个人化violation n侵犯；违背；妨碍Section Reading, Listening and Thinking.核心词
9、汇1_ n. 小说，虚构的事2_ n. 意外收获，奖金，红利3_ n. 诚实正直，完整，完好4_ n. 庄重，庄严，尊严5_ n. 薪水；薪金6_ n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子vt. (用钉子)钉牢，固定7_ vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除8_ vt. 表明；宣称；公布.拓展词汇1_ n预约；约会；委任_ v任命；委任；安排2_ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的_ n内疚；悔恨；有罪3_ vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓_ n悬挂，暂停，中止.阅读词汇1ridiculous adj. _2absurd adj. _3ladder n. _4whereas conj. _.重点短语1_ 检验；测试2
10、_ 更像是；更接近3_ 以做试验4_ (或者)说得更正确点5_ 预约；有一个约会6_ 转动；转身7_ 毕竟8_ 及时9_ 比更；超出；不仅仅.重点句型1作为报答，托尼答应帮助克莱尔使她自己更漂亮，使她的家更优美。As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire _.2克莱尔感谢了托尼，并称呼他“亲爱的”。Claire thanked Tony, _ him that he was a “dear”3当她转过身时，发现格拉迪丝克拉芬就在身后。As she turned around, _ Gladays Claffern.根据课文内容选择正确答案1Larry b
11、rought a robot home to _.Amake his wife happyBtest out the robotCsend his wife a giftDfree his wife from work2Why did Claire feel alarmed when she saw the robot?ABecause the robot was in fact not a machine.BBecause she didnt like him.CBecause she had seen the robot before.DBecause the robot was more
12、 like a human being than a machine.3Who did Claire turn to for help when the clerk at the counter was rude to her?AHer husband. BGladys Claffern.CTony, the robot. DThe manager of the shop.4Which of the following is NOT Tonys characteristic?AClumsy. BHandsome.CHelpful. DSmart.5The robot Tony helped C
13、laire to realize her dream by _.Amaking her home elegantBgiving her a new haircut and changing the makeup she woreCgiving her advice on her dressesDall the above6Why did Claire buy the items from the shop?ABecause her husband was to return.BBecause Tony was to leave.CBecause Tony wanted the house tr
14、ansformed.DBecause she thought she needed them.第一版块|重点词汇诠释1.appointment n预约；约会；委任(1)make/have/fix an appointment with sb. 与某人约会/预约/约定(时间)keep/break an appointment 守/失约(2)appoint vt. 任命，委派；约定；指定appoint sb. (as/to be). 指定/任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派/任命某人去做某事We made/had/fixed an appointment that we
15、will go there together again.我们约定我们会再一次一起去那儿。A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and never breaks an appointment.一个守时的人有在适当的时候做一件事的习惯，并且从不违约。We appointed him (as/to be) chairman.我们指定他为主席。I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.我被任命
16、负责安排那天所有的活动。高考助记：I have an appointment with my dentist at 11：30.我约好11点半去看牙医。Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.山姆被任命为工程部经理，接替乔治。 即学即练单句语法填空I _ (appoint) as head of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) 20 years ago.I hope I shall get a teaching
17、_ (appoint) at the new school.They appointed him _ chairman.They appointed him _ (catch) all the rats.Do you have an appointment _ the dentist?Weve made _ appointment with them to meet at the gate of the museum.2.guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的(1)feel guilty about/at. 对感到内疚(2)be guilty of. 犯罪(3)guilt n. 内疚；
18、自责；犯罪I feel really guilty at forgetting her birthday.我忘记了她的生日，感到非常内疚。I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often.我因没有常去看望父母而感到内疚。They were found guilty of murder.他们被判谋杀罪成立。Dont you have any feelings of guilt about leaving David?你离开戴维难道就没有一点内疚吗？语境助记：He was guilty of serious misconduct and
19、he was guilty about it.他犯有严重失职罪并且他对此感到很内疚。 即学即练完成句子当他回忆过去时，他感到非常惭愧。He _ when looking back on the past.他对于未给老妇人让座这件事感到内疚。He _ not giving his seat to the old lady.3.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；不受理(案子)dismiss sb. from. 解雇dismiss sb. for sth. 因某事解雇某人dismiss fears/doubts from ones mind 消除心中的恐惧/疑虑近义词：fire
20、解雇；开除The class was dismissed early today.今天这个班级提早放学。He was dismissed from his job for incompetence.他因为不称职而被解雇了。 即学即练单句语法填空Last month the case _ (dismiss) owing to lack of evidence.Employees can _ (dismiss) for causing great losses to the company.4.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布declare for/against (doing) 声明赞成/
21、反对(做)declare war on. 向宣战declare sb./sth.adj. 宣布某人/某物declare sb./sth. (to be). 宣布某人/某物为declare (that). 宣布/宣称They declared against building a new bridge.他们声明反对修建新桥。Germany declared war on France on 3 August, 1914.德国于1914年8月3日向法国宣战。I now declare this meeting open.我现在宣布会议开始。The painting was declared to
22、be a forgery.这幅画被判定为赝品。He declared that he was in love with her.他声称自己已爱上她。辨析比较：announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众发表”，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等He declared his loyalty to the government.他向政府宣誓效忠。The manager announced a sale on the samples of TV this morning.今天早晨，经
23、理公布了电视机样品的一个特价。 即学即练单句语法填空Jones won the match and _ (declare) the winner.The workers declared _ the offer of increasing pay and holidays.In September 1939, Britain declared war _ Germany after Germany invaded Poland. 5.more than超过；非常；不仅仅more than的用法：(1)后接数词时，意为“多于，超过”，相当于over；(2)后接名词时，意为“不只是，不仅仅”；(3
24、)后接形容词时，意为“非常，十分”；(4)后接从句时，从句中常有情态动词can或could，意为“超过所能”。名师点津：more than one意为“不止一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。So far, more than one man has been dismissed.到目前为止，不止一人被解雇了。There are more than 20 kinds of birds on the small island.在那个小岛上有超过20种鸟。He is more than a father. He is a friend.他不仅仅是一位父亲，还是一位朋友。Im more than
25、happy to take you there in my car.我非常乐意用我的车带你去那儿。That is more than I can understand.那非我能理解的。 即学即练写出下列句子中more than的汉语意思/完成句子The result was much more than he could imagine._In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments._She wishes to be treated as nothing more tha
26、n a common girl._The test takes more than an hour._已经不止一位农民歌手出现在春节联欢晚会的舞台上了。_ on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala.第二版块|重点句型解构1.(教材P2)As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant.作为报答，托尼答应帮助克莱尔使她自己更漂亮，使她的家更优美。句式分析该句中使用了“make宾语宾补”结构，宾补可以由名词、形容词、过
27、去分词、不定式等来充当。make是使役动词，意为“使做某事，使成为，使怎么样”。(1)“make宾语形容词(短语)”意为“使处于某种状态”。The Internet makes our lives easy and convenient.互联网使我们的生活变得容易、方便。(2)“make宾语名词(短语)”意为“使或让成为；使当”。We made him our team leader last week.上周我们推选他当我们的队长。Most pop singers make music their career.很多流行歌手把音乐当作他们的事业。(3)“make宾语不带to的不定式”表示“迫使
28、、强制某人做某事”，宾语与宾补之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。My parents often make me do some extra homework.我的父母经常让我做一些额外的家庭作业。在主动语态中，这种结构中的动词不定式不带to；而在被动语态中，这种结构中的动词不定式必须带上to。I was made to finish the work before nine.别人让我9点前完成工作。(4)“make宾语过去分词”意为“使/让被”。宾补与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。You should make your views known.你应该让别人了解你的观点。His actions ma
29、de him universally respected.他的行为使他处处受到尊敬。I speak slowly to make myself understood.我说得很慢，以便大家都能听懂我的话。(5)“make宾语介词短语”意为“使某人/某物(变得)”。He made the computer in good condition again.他又把计算机修好了。You made him into an honest one.你使他成为一个诚实的人。特别提示：当不定式短语或宾语从句作宾语时，为了使句子结构保持平衡，常用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到宾补后面，即：makeit宾补不定式短
30、语/宾语从句。They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作不但重要，而且是必不可少的。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Can you make yourself _ (understand) in Russian?Nothing will make me _ (change) my mind.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ (break
31、) into small pieces.我们任命他为我们足球队的队长。We _ of our football team.在车流的喧闹声中，他无法使别人听到他的声音。He couldnt _ above the noise of the traffic. 2.(教材P2)Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a “dear”克莱尔感谢托尼，告诉他他是“爱人”。句式分析现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随情况，所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，且与句子的主语即逻辑主语是主谓关系。(1)现在分词除在句中作状语时，还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等。
32、(2)现在分词作状语除了表示伴随以外，还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not moving, and asked myself what I was going to do.当信号灯变绿时，我站了一会儿，一动不动，自问将要做什么。Adding them all up, we can find the answer.把它们全部加起来，我们就可以找到答案。Gathering around the fire, the tourists danced with the local peopl
33、e.那些旅行者们聚集在篝火周围和当地人一起跳舞。名师点津：(1)现在分词作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、结果时，相当于一个状语从句；表示伴随情况时，相当于并列句。(2)现在分词的一般式(v.ing)表示该动作与句子的谓语动词动作同时发生或在其后发生。(3)现在分词的完成式(havingv.ed)表示该动作在句子的谓语动词动作之前发生。即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _ (tell) me stories till I fell asleep._ (be) too old, he couldnt
34、walk that far.My cousin came to see me from the countryside, _ (bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits.Her mother died, _ (leave) her with four younger brothers._ (not, feel) well, he went to see the doctor.While I was walking along the street, I met her._ along the street, I met her.3.(教材P2)As she
35、 turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身时，发现格拉迪丝克拉芬就站在身后。句式分析该句使用了一个完全倒装句。完全倒装是将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，把谓语移到主语前面。常见的有以下几种类型：(1)地点副词(here, there等)、时间副词(now, then)以及方位副词(away, down, in, off, out, back等)置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子要完全倒装。其谓语动词多为be, go, come等表示位置移动或状态的不及物动词。There goes the bell.(The bell is ringing.)
36、铃响了。Down came Stout Santa in a single bound.胖胖的圣诞老人轻轻一跳就下来了。(正常语序为：Stout Santa came down in a single bound.)(2)There be句型(be动词还可以替换为appear, exist, lie, stand, remain, live等表示“存在”含义的动词)。There exists an ancient temple in this town, which attracts many visitors.这个小镇上有一座古庙，吸引着许多游客。(3)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语为名
37、词，谓语动词是be, lie, stand, sit等时，句子要完全倒装。Under that tree stands a beautiful girl who is reading a book.那棵树下站着一位美丽的姑娘，她正在读书。(正常语序为：A beautiful girl who is reading a book stands under that tree.)特别提示：此类倒装句的主语只能是名词，若主语是代词，则不倒装。Out they ran.他们跑出去了。即学即练用完全倒装改写下列句子A castle stands on the hill._A national flag
38、hangs on the front wall of the classroom._The attractive scenery I had been told about lay below me._我还没来得及说一个字，孩子们就跑开了。_最后一班火车开走了。_我的妈妈坐在窗边，手里端着一杯咖啡。_.单词拼写1_ (小说) takes up a large slice of the publishing market.2He lost his balance and fell from the _ (梯子)3He would not accept this job for such a sm
39、all _ (薪水)4If you dont concentrate more on your work, youll be _ (解雇)5We have time and time again _ (宣布) that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.6Isnt it _ (荒谬的) to plant crops and not weed the fields?7They want a house, _ (然而) we would rather live in a flat.8Its difficult to preserve
40、 your _ (尊严) when you have no job and no home.单句语法填空1I have an _ (appoint) with the manager of that company in the evening.2All night long he lay awake, _ (think) of the problem.3I feel so _ (guilt) and angry about the whole issue.4He appointed me _ (meet) his friends at the entrance of the theatre.
41、5Germany declared war _ France on 1 August 1914.6They usually have the medicine _ (test) out before putting into the market all over the country.7Janes pale face suggested that she _ (be) ill, and her parents suggested she _ (have) a medical examination.完成句子1不止一个学生知道你的秘密。_ about your secret.2这样能使你以后
42、再看笔记时更容易读些。This _ when you look at them later.3他们在欧洲开了一家唯一的商店，以检验一下市场情况。They opened a single store in Europe _.4他们在那儿站了半个小时，观察着天上的星星。They stood there for half an hour, _.5贾斯汀建议我和他一起去一个安静的地方，在那里我们可以单独待着。Justin suggested that _ where we could be alone.课文语法填空The company for which Larry worked was to ha
43、ve a newlymade robot 1._ (call) Tony, which was going to be tested out by his wife Claire at home. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt 2._ (alarm). She thought 3._ was ridiculous that a robot should look so much like human, 4._ his smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression neve
44、r changed. On the second morning, Tony wanted to help her to dress, which made Claire 5._ (embarrass) and she refused him. But later she was glad that Tony could make her home 6._ (elegance), give her a new hairstyle and improve her makeup. To decorate her home, he could also write out a list of 7._
45、 (item) for her to buy. And finally, Tony helped Claire to finish all the work. Tony suggested Claire that she 8._ (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was 9._ (leave) and Larry was to return. 10._ made us unbelievable was that Tony didnt want to leave Claire in the end!U
46、nit 1Science FictionSection Reading, Listening and Thinking新知感知自学导引.核心词汇1fiction2.bonus3.integrity4.dignity5.salary6.nail7.dismiss8.declare.拓展词汇1appointmentappoint2.guiltyguilt3.suspendsuspension.阅读词汇1愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的2.荒谬的；荒唐的3.梯子，阶梯4.然而；但是；尽管.重点短语1test out2.more like3.experiment with4.or rather5.have an
47、 appointment6.turn around7.after all8.in time9.more than.重点句型1make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant2.telling3.there stood文本研析语篇理解1B2.D3.C4.A5.D6.C核心突破互动探究第一版块|重点词汇诠释1was appointedappointmentasto catchwithan2feels quite guiltyfelt guilty about/at3was dismissedbe dismissed4was declared
48、foron5超出所能非常不仅仅多于，超过More than one farmer singer has appeared第二版块|重点句型解构1understoodchangeto breakmade him captainmake himself heard2tellingBeingbringingleavingNot feelingWhile walking3On the hill stands a castle.On the front wall of the classroom hangs a national flag.Below me lay the attractive scen
49、ery I had been told about.Away ran the children before I could say a single word.There went the last train.By the window sat my mother with a cup of coffee in her hand.课时达标随堂自测.单词拼写1Fiction2.ladder3.salary4.dismissed5.declared6.absurd/ridiculous7.whereas/while8.dignity.单句语法填空1appointment2.thinking3.
50、guilty4.to meet5.on6.tested7.was(should) have.完成句子1More than one student knows2.makes your notes easier to read3.to test out the market4.watching the stars in the sky5.I (should) go with him to a quiet place.课文语法填空1called2.alarmed3.it4.with5.embarrassed6.elegant7.items8.(should) invite9.to leave10.What
