1、山东省济南市2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在 本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEducator of the Year ContestDo you know an
2、 outstanding junior high or high school teacher, coach, guidance advisor, librarian, or headmaster? Nominate （提名）that special person youll always remember and give him/her the chance to be recognized in Teenink !Guidelines The national magazine will only consider essays written by teens, and nominat
3、ions must be for junior high or high school educators only. Primary school educators are not included. Convince us your nominee is special. Tell us about his or her style of teaching, involvement in school activities, and community service. What has your educator done for the entire school, your cla
4、ss, for you or another student? Give examples with specific details. Keep your essay between 200 and 1,000 words. Include the first and last, name, position, and school of your educator. Submit entries through our website. See our submission guidelines for more information.PrizesCash awards will be
5、given to educators from across the country honored as TeenInk Educators o the Year. Winning essays are published in Teenink magazine.DeadlinesThe deadline for submitting Educator of the Year essays for 2021 is May 1, 2021. Entries are accepted and considered for publication in TeenInk magazine throu
6、ghout the year. Winners will be informed after the June issue is published.1. Who can be recommended for the contest?A. A national volunteer.B. A community educator.C. A primary school teacher.D. A high school headmaster.2. What is the requirement for the essay?A. It covers at least 100 words.B. It
7、is to be submitted after May.C. It should include specific details.D. It must be written by a candidate.3. What will the essay winners get?A. A large sum of cash money.B. A chance to publish their essays.C. The big prize from their school.D. The honor of Educator of the Year.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】【分
8、析】这是一篇应用文，本文主要介绍了“年度教育者大赛”的相关事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Guidelines第一段中“nominations must be for junior high or high school educators only.Primary school educators are not included.”（提名必须仅针对初中或高中教育者。不包括小学教育者。）可知提名必须仅针对初中或高中教育者。D选项A high school headmaster高中校长符合题意。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Guidelines第二段中“Convince us you
9、r nominee is special. Tell us about his or her style of teaching, involvement in school activities, and community service. What has your educator done for the entire school, your class, for you or another student? Give examples with specific details.”（说服我们，你的提名人很特别。告诉我们他或她的教学风格，参与学校活动和社区服务。教育者为整个学校，
10、班级，你或其他学生做了什么？举例说明具体细节。）可知对于文章的要求是要包括具体细节。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Prizes中“Winning essays are published in Teenink magazine.”（获奖论文发表在Teenink杂志上）可知胜出者文章会有机会被发表。故选B项。点睛】BCory, aged 30, was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （脊髓性肌萎缩症）at a very young age. Because of his condition, he began using a wheelch
11、air at age 4. His mother, Sandy Gilbreath, raised him as a single parent. Although taking care of a child with a disability was challenging, she ensured that Cory didnt miss out on the fun things in life. Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood. The exciting experi
12、ences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.Fortunately, Cory was able to do that just before the COVID-19 started. He and his mother traveled to Antarctica in February, just before the borders closed. It was the seventh and final continent off
13、his list. He became the first-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents!According to Cory, traveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research. He starts his research six to twelve months before each trip, making sure that there are accessible transportation options
14、 in the location. He would also call up hotels or rental homes to confirm if they are truly as accessible as they claim to be.When Cory started going on adventures, there werent many online resources discussing accessible travel. To help other travelers with disabilities explore the world as he does
15、, he decided to share his knowledge in his blog. Aiming to promote representation of the wheelchair-using community, Cory and his mother wrote a childrens book, titled Lets Explore with Cor Cor, which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair.Traveling to all seven contin
16、ents wasnt something I was sure was going to be possible, he said. But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude, the opportunities are limitless.4. What made Cory Lee decide to visit all seven continents?A. His mothers expectation.B. His travelling experiences.C. His dream of helping othe
17、rs.D. His objective of making a history.5. What worries Cory most about a trip?A. Rental fees.B. Local attractions.C. Accommodation.D. Transportation.6. Why did Cory and his mother write the book?A. To enrich online resourcesB. To record travelling events.C. To help people with special needs.D. To i
18、ntroduce wheelchair adventures.7. What can we learn from Corys story?A. Nothing can prevent a determined heartB. Disability can turn into an opportunity,C. Travelling shapes a positive attitude.D. Mom is the creator of childrens dreams【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，从小被诊断为脊髓性肌萎缩症的科里在妈妈的爱护下坐
19、轮椅游览了七大洲，他决定在博客上分享他的旅行知识，帮助其他残疾旅行者像他一样探索世界。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood. The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.”（桑迪（妈妈）在他童年的暑假里带他去公路旅行。探索新地方的激动人心的经历激励他树立了一
20、个终生的目标：游览所有七大洲。），可知是科里童年时，妈妈带他去公路旅行的经历让他下定决心访问所有七大洲。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“According to Cory, traveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research. He starts his research six to twelve months before each trip, making sure that there are accessible transportation options in the l
21、ocation.”（科里认为，坐轮椅旅行需要进行广泛的规划和研究。他在每次旅行前的六到十二个月开始他的研究，确保在这个地方有方便的交通选择。），可知科里因为身体原因要坐轮椅旅行，所以在每次旅行前他研究要去的地方有没有方便的交通选择，可得出科里旅行时最担心的是交通问题。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Aiming to promote representation of the wheelchair-using community, Cory and his mother wrote a childrens book, titled Lets Explore with Cor C
22、or, which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair.”（为了促进轮椅使用社区的代表性，科里和他的母亲写了一本儿童读物，名为让我们和Cor Cor一起探索，这本书讲述了一个男孩坐着电动轮椅环游世界的故事。），可知是为了促进轮椅使用社区的代表性，即为了帮助有特殊需要的人（坐轮椅的人），科里和他妈妈才写书分享经历的。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Cory, aged 30, was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （脊髓性肌萎缩症
23、）at a very young age. Because of his condition, he began using a wheelchair at age 4.”（科里今年30岁，在很小的时候就被诊断为脊髓性肌萎缩症。因为他的身体状况，他从4岁开始使用轮椅。），第二段中的“He became the first-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents!”（他成为有史以来第一个访问所有七大洲的轮椅使用者！）和最后一段“Traveling to all seven continents wasnt something
24、I was sure was going to be possible, he said. But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude, the opportunities are limitless.”（他说：“去所有七大洲旅行并不是我能确定的事。”但如果你保持坚定和积极的态度，机会是无限的。”），可知科里从小坐轮椅，但因为保持着坚定和积极的态度，他才能完成游览所有七大洲的目标，可得出即使残疾，坚定的心也能帮助人们实现梦想，所以没有什么能阻止一颗坚定的心。故选A项。CDo you like the woolly mammot
25、hs from the movie Ice Age? Too bad theyre extinct? Thanks to recent developments in biotechnology, the stuff of science fiction may soon become a reality through an attractive process called de-extinction, which aims to bring the extinct species back. The resurrected species are functionally equal t
26、o the original extinct species, but they are not exact copies.There are three primary techniques of de-extinction. One of them is that scientists deliberately select existing species with similar characters to the extinct species to produce later generation. This is a natural method. Another is clon
27、ing. A cloned animal is created by obtaining the DNA of the extinct animal. The later generation will be an identical copy of the extinct species. This is only applied to animals that are either endangered or have recently gone extinct, as it requires well-preserved eggs. The third is the newest tec
28、hnique, genetic engineering. It uses gene-editing tools to place selected genes from extinct animals in place of those present in its closest living relative.If we refer to Jurassic Park , resurrecting extinct animals is a terrible idea. Thankfully, we dont have to worry about dinosaurs running wild
29、ly, as their DNA has disintegrated over the 65 million years since their extinction. DNA can survive for several million years at best under certain rare conditions, but does that mean we should do that?De-extinction is more for ecology than for tourism. Ecologist Ben Novak said, “All animals perfor
30、m critical roles in their ecosystem. Woolly mammoths, for example, were excellent gardeners. Their disappearance was followed by a loss in diversity and the Arctic grassland became a cold, ice field. If a resurrected animal is always going to be a zoo animal then it shouldnt be brought back.”8. Why
31、does the author mention the movie Ice Age ?A. To recall the joy from the movie.B. To lead the audience into the topic.C. To attract readers, attention to the movie.D. To show functions of resurrecting animals.9. What is mainly discussed about de-extinction in Paragraph 2?A. Its main methods.B. Its w
32、ide application.C. Its complex procedures.D. Its distinct characteristic.10. What can replace the underlined word “disintegrated“ in Paragraph 3 ?A. Broken away.B. Picked up.C. Fallen apart.D. Run out.11. What would be the best title for the text?A. Can we bring extinct animals back?B. Do you like t
33、he woolly mammoths?C. Will dinosaurs be seen in the zoos?D. Should we promote cloning skills?【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。由于最近生物技术的发展，科幻小说中的东西可能很快会变成现实，通过一个吸引人的过程，称为“反灭绝”，旨在让灭绝的物种回来。文章介绍了三种主要的反灭绝技术，但是恐龙因为其DNA已经分解，无法被复活了，最后文章指出反灭绝更多的是为了生态，而不是为了旅游。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Do you like the woolly mamm
34、oths from the movie Ice Age? Too bad theyre extinct? Thanks to recent developments in biotechnology, the stuff of science fiction may soon become a reality through an attractive process called de-extinction, which aims to bring the extinct species back.(你喜欢电影冰河世纪里的猛犸象吗？它们灭绝了真是太糟糕了对吗？由于最近生物技术的发展，科幻小说
35、中的东西可能很快会变成现实，通过一个吸引人的过程，称为“反灭绝”，旨在让灭绝的物种回来)”可推知，作者提到了电影冰河世纪是为了引导读者进入文章主题。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“There are three primary techniques of de-extinction. One of them is that scientists deliberately select existing species with similar characters to the extinct species to produce later generation. This is
36、 a natural method. Another is cloning. A cloned animal is created by obtaining the DNA of the extinct animal. The later generation will be an identical copy of the extinct species. This is only applied to animals that are either endangered or have recently gone extinct, as it requires well-preserved
37、 eggs. The third is the newest technique, genetic engineering. It uses gene-editing tools to place selected genes from extinct animals in place of those present in its closest living relative.(有三种主要的反灭绝技术。其中之一是，科学家故意选择与灭绝物种具有相似特征的现存物种来繁衍后代。这是一种自然的方法。另一个是克隆。克隆动物是通过获取灭绝动物的DNA而创造出来的。后代将是灭绝物种的一模一样的复制品。这
38、只适用于濒临灭绝或最近灭绝的动物，因为这需要保存完好的卵子。第三种是最新的技术，基因工程。它使用基因编辑工具，将已灭绝动物的基因选择出来，取代现存动物近亲的基因)”可知，第二段主要讨论了反灭绝的主要方法。故选A。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Thankfully, we dont have to worry about dinosaurs running wildly”以及后文“DNA can survive for several million years at best under certain rare conditions, but does that mean we
39、should do that?(在某些罕见的条件下，DNA最多只能存活几百万年，但这是否意味着我们也应该这样做呢？)”可知，值得庆幸的是，我们不必担心恐龙会乱跑，因为自从它们灭绝以来，它们的DNA已经在6500万年的时间里分解了。故划线词意思为“分解”。A. Broken away.脱离；B. Picked up.捡起；C. Fallen apart.分解；D. Run out.耗尽。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thanks to recent developments in biotechnology, the stuff of science fiction may s
40、oon become a reality through an attractive process called de-extinction, which aims to bring the extinct species back.(由于最近生物技术的发展，科幻小说中的东西可能很快会变成现实，通过一个吸引人的过程，称为“反灭绝”，旨在让灭绝的物种回来)”结合文章介绍了三种主要的反灭绝技术，但是恐龙因为其DNA已经分解，无法被复活了，最后文章指出反灭绝更多的是为了生态，而不是为了旅游。可知，A选项“我们能让灭绝的动物复活吗？”最适合作文章标题。故选A。DWe already know tha
41、t salt can lead to heart disease. But could it also affect our mind? Scientists found that a high-salt diet caused cognitive impairments in mice and it could produce the same effect on humans.Costantino Iadecola, director of the Feil Family Brain and Mind Research the Institute, said they fed the mi
42、ce eight to sixteen times their normal salt intake and then tested the mice. After about three months, the mice had a big change in their behavior. Mice are very curious, and they like to look for new things. However, the tested mice lost the ability to identify a normal object. When the mice were p
43、ut in their cage and asked to find a quiet spot, they did not remember where the quiet spot was. Then when the mice were building a nest, which is something the mice do daily, they, were unable to do so. The research suggested humans would experience a similar response.Studies have shown Australians
44、 eat around double the recommended amount of salt each day, most of it coming from processed food. Dr. Ladecola said the estimated two teaspoons of salt the average Australian eats each day could affect the brain function in the long term. However, the decline might not be as obvious as in the mice,
45、 who were given extremely high levels of salt. But probably over years and perhaps decadesas opposed to a few months for the mouseeven lower levels of salt may have a terrible effect, Dr ladecola said.“High levels of salt cause serious immune changes in the organs in and around the stomach, resultin
46、g in an almost autoimmune effect on the brain. It is part of a growing body of evidence that we really are what we eat,“ Bryce Vissel, director of the Centre for Neuroscience at the University of Technology Sydney, said. Those changes in turn cause all sorts of responses in the body, which over time
47、 certainly contribute to cognitive impairments.12. Which can describe the tested mice?A. They remained quiet all day.B. They became smarter than ever.C. They forgot some routine things.D. They were quick at finding objects.13. What do we know about Australians?A. They ignore health advice.B. They ha
48、ve a higher-salt diet.C. They dislike processed food.D. They value their brain health.14. What does the last paragraph mainly focus on?A. Studies carried out by Bryce Vissel.B. Immune changes brought about by salt.C. Effects of daily diets on human behaviors.D. Links between salt intake and brain da
49、mage.15. What does the text suggest?A. Brain health counts much.B. The body never tells a lie.C. Low-salt diet is to be advocated.D. Heart diseases can be prevented.【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们发现，高盐饮食会导致老鼠的认知障碍，对人类也会产生同样的影响。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现，研究表明，澳大利亚人每天摄入的盐大约是推荐量的两倍，其中大部分来自加工食品，指出高盐
50、饮食会导致认知障碍，提倡低盐饮食。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, the tested mice lost the ability to identify a normal object. When the mice were put in their cage and asked to find a quiet spot, they did not remember where the quiet spot was. Then when the mice were building a nest, which is something the mice do dai
51、ly, they, were unable to do so.(然而，被测试的老鼠失去了识别正常物体的能力。当老鼠被关进笼子，被要求找一个安静的地方时，它们不记得安静的地方在哪里。然后，当老鼠在筑巢时这是老鼠每天都要做的事情它们无法这样做了)”可推知，被测试的老鼠忘记了一些日常的事情。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Studies have shown Australians eat around double the recommended amount of salt each day, most of it coming from processed food. Dr.
52、Ladecola said the estimated two teaspoons of salt the average Australian eats each day could affect the brain function in the long term.(研究表明，澳大利亚人每天摄入的盐大约是推荐量的两倍，其中大部分来自加工食品。Ladecola博士说，澳大利亚人平均每天摄入两茶匙的盐，长期来看可能会影响大脑功能)”可知，澳大利亚人的饮食含盐量高。故选B。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“High levels of salt cause serious immune
53、changes in the organs in and around the stomach, resulting in an almost autoimmune effect on the brain. It is part of a growing body of evidence that we really are what we eat,“ Bryce Vissel, director of the Centre for Neuroscience at the University of Technology Sydney, said. Those changes in turn
54、cause all sorts of responses in the body, which over time certainly contribute to cognitive impairments.(悉尼科技大学神经科学中心主任Bryce Vissel说：“高浓度的盐会导致胃内外器官严重的免疫变化，几乎会对大脑产生自身免疫效应。有越来越多的证据表明，吃什么决定人的性格，这是其中的一部分。这些变化反过来会引起身体的各种反应，久而久之肯定会导致认知障碍。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲了盐摄入和脑损伤之间的联系。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists found
55、that a high-salt diet caused cognitive impairments in mice and it could produce the same effect on humans.(科学家们发现，高盐饮食会导致老鼠的认知障碍，对人类也会产生同样的影响)”结合文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现，研究表明，澳大利亚人每天摄入的盐大约是推荐量的两倍，其中大部分来自加工食品，指出高盐饮食会导致认知障碍，提倡低盐饮食。可推知，文章提倡低盐饮食。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
56、为多余 选项.Critical thinking means absorbing important information and using that to form a decision or opinion of your own. _16_ But luckily, its something you can train yourself to do better.One of the most important parts of thinking critically is learning what details matter. Were exposed to so much
57、 information and so many different opinions every day that its really easy to get lost in the details. _17_Knowing which details matter is the first part of critical thinking, but its pretty useless if you dont know what types of questions to ask next. _18_ Its important to always ask yourself why s
58、omething is important and how it connects to things you already know. As you do that, you train your brain to think critically about more information you come across.As with anything, if you want to get good at critical thinking, you need to practice it every day. _19_ This could be casual observati
59、ons or a notebook with opinions, but the point is to write every single day. Likewise, participating in a healthy debate with friends is great practice._20_ The more knowledge you gain, the better youll become at thinking about it. That doesnt mean that you should be constantly thinking about thinki
60、ng, but the end result is a brain that automatically forms better arguments, focused ideas, and creative solutions to problems.A. Critical thinking doesnt end.B. It doesnt always come naturally to us.C. Critical thinking cant be learned in school.D. You should question all the provided details.E. On
61、e easy way to do this is to keep a journal of some kind.F. After all, thinking critically and asking questions go hand in hand.G. Subsequently, we need to train ourselves to learn which details matter.【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. E 20. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了训练批判性思维的建议。【16题详解】由下一句“But luckily, its someth
62、ing you can train yourself to do better.”（但幸运的是，你可以训练自己在批判性思维上做得更好。）可知，“But”表转折，后面讲我们可以训练批判性思维，说明批判性思维需要训练，不是随时都有、自然而然出现的，所以我们可以通过训练得到批判性思维，承接下文，B选项“批判性思维并不总是自然而然地出现在我们身上。”切题。故选B项。【17题详解】由上两句“One of the most important parts of thinking critically is learning what details matter. Were exposed to so m
63、uch information and so many different opinions every day that its really easy to get lost in the details.”（批判性思维最重要的部分之一是了解细节的重要性。我们每天都会接触到太多的信息和太多不同的意见，很容易迷失在细节中。）可知，人们每天都会接触到太多的信息和不同的意见，而批判性思维最重要的部分之一是了解细节的重要性，所以训练批判性思维需要去了解哪些细节是重要的，承接上文，G选项“随后，我们需要训练自己去了解哪些细节是重要的。”切题。故选G项。【18题详解】由上一句“Knowing whic
64、h details matter is the first part of critical thinking, but its pretty useless if you dont know what types of questions to ask next.”（知道哪些细节很重要是批判性思维的第一部分，但是如果你不知道下一步要问什么类型的问题，那就没用了。）可知，只知道批判性思维中的哪些细节很重要，但不会提问，那也没用，说明批判性思考和提问都很重要、相辅相成，承接上文，F选项“毕竟，批判性思考和提问是相辅相成的。”切题。故选F项。【19题详解】由上一句“As with anything
65、, if you want to get good at critical thinking, you need to practice it every day.”（和任何事情一样，如果你想擅长批判性思维，你需要每天练习。）和下一句“This could be casual observations or a notebook with opinions, but the point is to write every single day.”（这可以是一个随意的观察，也可以是一个有意见的笔记本，但关键是每天都要写。）可知，批判性思维需要每天练习，可以是一个有意见的笔记本，说明作者建议读者每
66、天记日记来训练批判性思维，承接上下文，E选项“一个简单的方法就是记日记。”切题。故选E项。【20题详解】本处是段落总结。由下一句“The more knowledge you gain, the better youll become at thinking about it.”（你获得的知识越多，你就越善于思考。）可知，学的越多就越善于思考，说明批判性思维的学习是无止境的、不会结束，越学越有用，承接下文，A选项“批判性思维不会结束。”切题。故选A项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分3。分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填
67、入空白处的最佳选项。What if everyone in the world was exactly alike? The world would be extremely _21_ I believe its important to _22_people for who they are._23_ are important and they should be respected. Many people throughout history, like Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison, did great things, but were _24_
68、 strange, because they had strong feelings about something. I can _25_ to these people, because Ive been in that situation before.It all started in elementary school when I _26_ that I wasnt like everyone else. I grew crazy about certain subjects. _27_, these subjects didnt interest other kids and m
69、y teachers. _28_ , my kindergarten teacher said she would scream at me if I _29_ snakes or mice one more time, while she was teaching the days of the week. I would get in trouble for not _30_ attention, and other kids began to laugh at me.I might be different, because I have different _31_ than othe
70、r teenagers, but that doesnt give them the right to be so _32_ to me. Some kids make fun of me for liking what I like the most. People also make fun of me for _33_ facts about volcanoes, whales, and many other scientific things. My mom says that she has been able to be well informed by just listenin
71、g to me, but Eve even been _34_ for being smart. Sometimes I wish I were like everyone else, but not _35_, because I believe people, should be respected for being different, and were all different in our own ways.21. A. complexB. harmoniousC. fantasticD. boring22. A. trustB. praiseC. acceptD. compar
72、e23. A. AbilitiesB. DifferencesC. EffortsD. Beliefs24. A. provedB. declaredC. foundD. considered25. A. relateB. returnC. apologizeD. respond26. A. imaginedB. realizedC. hopedD. remembered27. A. ThankfullyB. ImpossiblyC. ApparentlyD. Unfortunately28. A. By accidentB. In returnC. In factD. At most29.
73、A. mentionedB. attackedC. countedD. threw30. A. attractingB. focusingC. escapingD. controlling31. A. aimsB. futuresC. emotionsD. interests32. A. meanB. sensitiveC. attentiveD. blind33. A. creatingB. forgettingC. knowingD. ignoring34. A. misunderstoodB. evaluatedC. testedD. tolerated35. A. clearlyB.
74、eagerlyC. seriouslyD. really【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述了自己所遭遇的经历想告诉读者，每个人都应该因为与众不同而受到尊重，我们每个人都有自己的不同之处。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界将变得非常无聊。A.complex复杂的；B.harmonious和谐的；C.fantastic奇幻的；D.boring令人无聊的。 根据上文“What if every
75、one in the world was exactly alike?”可知世界上如果每个人都一样，那么这个世界一定很无聊。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信接受别人的本来面目很重要。A.trust相信；B.praise赞美；C.accept接受；D.compare相比。根据上文可知，世界上如果每个人都一样，那么这个世界一定很无聊。所以作者相信接受别人的本来面目很重要。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：差异很重要，应该受到尊重。A.Abilities能力；B.Differences差异；C.Efforts努力；D.Beliefs信念。根据前文中“I belie
76、ve its important to 2people for who they are.”可知差异很重要，应该受到尊重。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上有很多人，比如阿尔伯特爱因斯坦和托马斯爱迪生，做了很多伟大的事情，但却被认为很奇怪，因为他们对某件事有强烈的感情。A.proved证明；B.declared声明；C.found 发现；D.considered考虑。根据转折连词but可知，前后句存在转折关系，前句是讲爱因斯坦和爱迪生都做了伟大的贡献，转折之后后句应表述为“被认为是奇怪的”。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能和这些人产生共鸣，因为我以前也遇
77、到过这种情况。A.relate关系；B.return返回；C.apologize道歉 ；D.respond回应。根据后文“because Ive been in that situation before.”可知我曾经也经历过这样的情况，表明我能和这些人产生共鸣。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都要从小学开始，那时我意识到我和其他人不一样。A.imagined想象；B.realized实现；C.hoped希望；D.remembered记住。根据后文“I grew crazy about certain subjects. these subjects didnt inte
78、rest other kids and my teachers.”可知我对某些科目很着迷，而这些科目其他学生并不感兴趣，这是我意识到自己跟别人与众不同。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这些科目没有引起其他孩子和我的老师的兴趣。A.Thankfully感谢地；B.Impossibly不可能地；C.Apparently显然地；D.Unfortunately不幸地是。根据“hese subjects didnt interest other kids and my teachers. ”可知，不幸的是，这些科目没有引起其他孩子和我的老师的兴趣。故选D项。【28题详解】考查固
79、定搭配。句意：实际上，我的幼儿园老师说，如果我在一周中的某些日子里再提蛇或老鼠的话，她会对我大叫。A.By accident意外；B.In return反过来；C.In fact事实上；D.At most最多。根据语境翻译可知，后文“my kindergarten teacher said she would scream at me if I mentioned snakes or mice one more time”是对前文我对某些科目感兴趣的具体解释，应使用表示强调的介词短语。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我的幼儿园老师说，如果我在一周中的某些日子里再提蛇或老
80、鼠的话，她会对我大叫。A.mentioned提及；B.attacked攻击；C.counted计数；D.threw扔。根据后文“snakes or mice one more time”可知这些是我感兴趣的学科，却不被大家接受和喜欢，因此老师不希望听到我提及关于这个学科的内容。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会因为无法聚精会神而惹上麻烦，其他孩子开始嘲笑我。A.ttracting吸引；B.focusing聚焦；C.escaping逃脱；D.controlling控制。根据“I would get in trouble for not ”以及“ attention”可知我会因为
81、无法聚精会神而惹上麻烦。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可能不一样，因为我和其他青少年有不同的兴趣，但这不代表他们有权对我这么刻薄。A.aims目标；B.futures未来；C.emotions情感；D.interests.兴趣。根据前文“these subjects didnt interest other kids and my teachers”可知我喜欢的学科却不被大家感兴趣和喜欢，表明我和其他青少年的兴趣是不同的。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能不一样，因为我和其他青少年有不同的兴趣，但这不代表他们有权对我这么刻薄。A.mean刻薄的；B.s
82、ensitive敏感的；C.attentive 专心的；D.blind盲目的。根据前文“other kids began to laugh at me.”可知其他孩子会笑话我，因为我和他们的兴趣不同，但是我认为他们并没有权利对我如此的刻薄。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们还因为我解火山，鲸鱼和许多其他科学事物的事实而取笑我。A.creating创造；B.forgetting忘记；C.knowing知道；D.ignoring忽略。根据“ facts about volcanoes, whales, and many other scientific things. ”可知，人
83、们还因为我解火山，鲸鱼和许多其他科学事物的事实而取笑我。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈说，她只要听我说，就能得到很好的信息，但Eve甚至因聪明而被误解。A.misunderstood误解；B.evaluated评估；C.tested测试；D.宽容tolerated。根据上文“People also make fun of me for knowing facts about volcanoes, whales, and many other scientific things.”可知作者因聪明而被误解。故选A项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时我希望我能像其他
84、人一样，但不是真的，因为我相信，每个人都应该因为与众不同而受到尊重，我们每个人都有自己的不同之处。A.clearly明确地；B.eagerly渴望地；C.seriously认真地；D.really真实地。根据“I wish I were like everyone else ”可知，本句为虚拟语气，有时我希望我能像其他人一样，但不是真的。故选D项。【点睛】第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou， China, the bo
85、oks go on forever, or at least, thats _36_ it looks like. When you walk into Zhongshuge， youre surrounded on all sides by endless books. They fill the ceiling, walls, and floor， some even _37_(appear) to be challenging gravity.How does this magical bookshop do it? _38_architectural studio called X+
86、Living designed the internal structure of Zhongshuge. The shelves _39_ (arrange) in arc shapes， creating the tunnel-like appearance. The floor is covered with black mirrors, reflecting the shelves above and creating the visual effect that the bookshelves continue down past the floor on _40_ youre st
87、anding. And there you have it： the rows of books never end.As it turns out, the stores design has more _41_(significant) than just fun. Yangzhou is full _42_ canals and rivers， and in history many of Chinas literary greats _43_ (draw) inspiration from the flowing water. X + Living, therefore, integr
88、ated this concept with Zhongshuge, and tried to create the feel of being _44_ (complete) involved in a “river“ of books. They highlighted that feeling with the zigzag shape on the ceiling, which, _45_ (reflect) on the floor, “flows“ throughout the store like a river.【答案】36. what 37. appearing 38. An
89、 39. are arranged 40. which 41. significance 42. of 43. drew 44. completely 45. reflected【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是钟书阁-位于扬州的一家书店兼图书馆。【36题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是它的样子。设空处引导从句在句中做表语，从句少指物的宾语。故答案为what。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你被无数的书包围着。它们布满了天花板、墙壁和地板，有些甚至看起来像是在挑战重力。设空处在句中做非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系。故答案为appearing。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：
90、名为X+ Living的一家建筑工作室设计了钟书阁的内部结构。设空处后为可数名词，此处名词为单数，设空处表泛指“一家建筑工作室”，又因architectural开头为元音因素。置于句首首字母大写。故答案为An。【39题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：架子以弧形排列，创造出隧道般的外观。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故答案为are arranged。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：地板上覆盖着黑色的镜子，反射了上面的书架，创造了书架继续向下穿过你所站的地板的视觉效果。设空处引导定语从句且在句中做指物的宾语；先行词为floor且设空处前有介词，只
91、能用which。故答案为which。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：事实证明，这家店的设计不仅仅是为了好玩。设空处前为形容词，设空处应用名词作宾语。significance（意义）为抽象名词。故答案为significance。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：扬州到处都是运河和河流，历史上许多中国文学巨匠的灵感都来自于这里的流水。be full of 充满.结合句意。故答案为of。【43题详解】考查谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中做谓语，和句子的主语之间为主动关系；叙述过去的事情应用一般过去时。故答案为drew。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：因此，将这一理念与钟书阁相结合，试图创造一种完全置身
92、于书河之中的感觉。设空处后为形容词，副词修饰形容词。设空处应为副词。故答案为completely。45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们用天花板上的“之”字形突出了这种感觉，天花板被反射在地板上，像河流一样流经商店。设空处在句中做非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the ceiling之间为逻辑的被动关系。故答案为reflected。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，上周日你校组织学生进行了“垃圾分类”宣讲活动，请给学校英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括：1.参加人员；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
93、Garbage classification starts from ourselves_【答案】 Garbage classification starts from ourselvesIn order to improve students garbage classification awareness, a propaganda activity was held in our school last Sunday. As is required, each student and teacher has attended this activity. Firstly, the hea
94、dmaster delivered a speech about the importance of garbage classification, which encouraged us greatly. Besides, hearing the various opinions expressed by student, students realized that garbage classification should start from ourselves.In a word, the activity is so successful that we students real
95、ize garbage classification is an issue that must be paid attention to today.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生给学校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍上周日你校组织学生进行的“垃圾分类”宣讲活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：记叙文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.参加人员；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）in order to; improve; garbage classificati
96、on awareness; propaganda activity; attend; deliver a speech; the importance of; encourage; start from; successful; be paid attention to第三步：连词成句1. In order to improve students garbage classification awareness, a propaganda activity was held in our school last Sunday.2. As is required, each student an
97、d teacher has attended this activity.3. Firstly, the headmaster delivered a speech about the importance of garbage classification, which encouraged us greatly.4. Besides, hearing the various opinions expressed by student, students realized that garbage classification should start from ourselves.5. I
98、n a word, the activity is so successful that we students realize garbage classification is an issue that must be paid attention to today.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly2.表并列补充关系：Besides连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Firstly, the headmaster delivered a spe
99、ech about the importance of garbage classification, which encouraged us greatly. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Besides, hearing the various opinions expressed by student, students realized that garbage classification should start from ourselves. (运用了现在分词作状语)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完
100、整的短文。My 11-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, started to talk about quitting swimming, which broke my heart because she loves swimming. So when the swim season began, I cut a deal with her. She would practice three times a week and try really hard. I wouldnt make her compete in the swim meets. Elizabeth
101、does not like swim meets. She gets horribly nervous but not because she wants to win. She doesnt care if she wins.Recently, Elizabeths team announced a special swim night： Members 11 and older would swim a timed 50 meters relay. It wasnt exactly a meet, because it would involve only team members. Th
102、at was my view. Elizabeth argued that it absolutely was a meet because there would be races. I told Elizabeth I really wanted her to go. She fought back angrily but finally agreed.When the day of the special swim night arrived Elizabeth was nervous. She was the youngest person and shorter by at leas
103、t a foot than most of the other kids. She panicked when it was time for the T-shirt relay. The relay works like this： One person from each relay team puts on a T-shirt, a pair of socks and a swim cap； swims 50 meters; and gets out of the pool. She takes off the clothes and puts them on the next pers
104、on, who then swims 50 meters. This continues until everyone on the team has completed a lap.Then it was Elizabeths turn to swim. She seemed to swim faster in the T-shirt and socks than she did when she wasnt wearing them. Approaching the halfway mark, Elizabeth was in the lead. Suddenly, somebody no
105、ticed that one of Elizabeths socks had fallen off and was floating （漂）in the pool. She has to get that sock on before the end of the race, a swimming official told Elizabeths team, “or you will be disqualified.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2 ,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Everybody on her team started screaming “Elizabeth!
106、 Get the sock!”_On the ride home, she shared her moment of winning again and again._【答案】Everybody on her team started screaming, Elizabeth！Get the sock! However, she couldnt hear themIt was time for desperate measuresA girl on my daughters team jumped in the pool, grabbed the sock, and swam after El
107、izabethYou have to put the sock on, the girl screamedThe girl in lane two was about to pass ElizabethWith the sock finally on, Elizabeth swam her heart out for the last 15 metersIt was closeBut Elizabeth beat the other girl to the wall for the victory.On the ride home, she shared her moment of winni
108、ng again and againShe talked about how scared she was when someone grabbed her foot and how funny it was when she came to the finish and how great the night wasShe told me that if the T-shirt relay was an Olympic eventand she is quite sure it should beher team would win the gold medalI told her that
109、 in my professional opinion, she was absolutely right【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿Elizabeth要参加游泳比赛，赛前很紧张，害怕游不好，但是比赛时，通过和队友的共同努力赢得了比赛。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“团队中的每个人都开始大喊伊丽莎白！ 拿袜子！”可知，第一段可描写她听不见大家的喊叫声，一个女孩跳进水中捡起袜子给她送过去，面临对手超越自己，她穿上袜子想方设法取得了胜利。由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，她一次又一次地分享了自己赢得胜利的时刻。”可知，第二段可描写她回想比赛过程中的激烈竞争，并全力以
110、赴获得团队胜利的经历。作者表示赞同女儿的心态和努力。2.续写线索：捡袜子努力回家分享成功感悟3.词汇激活行为类捡袜子：grab the sock/pick up the socks努力：swim her heart out/try her best to swim回家：on the ride home/on her way home情绪类害怕：scared/anxious喜悦：funny/feel great【点睛】高分句型1With the sock finally on, Elizabeth swam her heart out for the last 15 meters（with引导复合结构作伴随状语）高分句型2She talked about how scared she was when someone grabbed her foot and how funny it was when she came to the finish and how great the night was（how引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句）
