1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Prereading (Warming Up & Reading)课前预习自测西方绘画艺术简史艺术受一个民族风俗和信仰的影响。西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在这样短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的敬重与爱戴。但是，很显然到了13世纪时，观念发生变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种更为现实的风格
2、来画宗教场景。文艺复兴时期(15世纪到16世纪)在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题，而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和其他财物，以及他们的活动和成就。在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼
3、真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时代著名的杰作。印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有着许多新发明，还有许多社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画。因此，他们的
4、画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，许多人都不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。现代艺术(20世纪至今)在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在着争议的，但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。如今，现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格就不可能存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作
5、品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格？课堂合作探究abstract (教材P1)abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的n摘要A lot of people dont like abstract art.很多人不喜欢抽象艺术。There is no answer to this question in_the_abstract.这个问题在理论上没有答案。【即景活用】单句写作我理解不了这样一个抽象概念。I cannot understand such _.我们将从理论上来考虑这个问题。We will consider this problem
6、_.答案：an abstract conceptin the abstract课文预学检测.FastreadingRead the text quickly and then try to write down the main idea.The text tells us the history of _ painting. There are _ main styles in its development: _， _， _ and Modern Art.答案：Western; four; The Middle Ages; The Renaissance; Impressionism.Ca
7、refulreadingChoose the best answers according to the passage.1What themes did painters mainly represent during the Middle Ages?ANature. BPeople.CReligion. DPerspective.答案：C2_ discovered how to make paintings look more real by using perspective.AGiotto di Bondone BMasaccioCClaude Monet DPablo Picasso
8、答案：B3What can we know about the Impressionism?APainting became an easy task because it was less detailed.BPainters focused more on light and color than detail.CPainters moved from the countryside to Paris and worked outdoors.DPainters had to paint quickly because of the high pace of the industrial s
9、ociety.答案：B4Which of the following are the styles of paintings about Modern Art?AAbstract and realistic. BAbstract and natural.CReligious and natural. DPeople and objects.答案：A5According to the text, art is inuenced less likely by _.Asocial changes Bthe way of lifeCagriculture Dbeliefs of people答案：B课
10、后演练提能 基础题.单词拼写1Mr Lee is good at using examples to explain _ (抽象的) concepts.答案：abstract2(2018全国卷)He asked the workers to use traditional _ (技术) to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors.答案：techniques3What a _ (巧合)! I didnt expect to see you in such a remote foreign country.答案：coincidence4On
11、ly five years after Steve Jobs death, smartphones defeated _ (传统的) PCs in sails.答案：conventional5The car is in _ (极好的) condition.答案：superb6His footprints were clearly _ (明显的) in the heavy snow.答案：evident7Warm and wet weather is very _ (典型的) in south China.答案：typical8In this_ (美术馆), there are a few ma
12、sterpieces by Xu Beihong.答案：gallery9Since it is a _ (有争议的) subject, we had better put it aside.答案：controversial10He obeyed the political rules_ (忠诚地), and was trusted by us all.答案：faithfully.单句语法填空1_ was a coincidence that he was born on his mothers birthday.答案：It2He worked hard after graduation, _
13、(aim) to become an excellent teacher.答案：aiming3It was _ (evidence) that his faith in the government was shaken.答案：evident4Oh, Tom! You have made mistakes again.Sorry. How I wish I _ (adopt) the measures Mr Smith suggested.答案：had adopted5Anyone who is in _ (possess) of weapons without permission is c
14、onsidered lawbreaking.答案：possession6The children were having fun, chasing each others _ (shadow)答案：shadows7He has been a teacher for scores _ years.答案：of8Its hard _ (predict) whether it will happen.答案：to predict能力题.阅读理解Birthdays often involve surprises. But this years surprise on the birthday of the
15、 great British playwright William Shakespeare is surely one of the most dramatic. On April 22, one day before his 441st birthday anniversary, experts discovered that one of the most recognizable portraits (肖像) of William Shakespeare is a fake. This means that we no longer have a good idea of what Sh
16、akespeare looked like. “Its very possible that many pictures of Shakespeare might be unreliable because many of them are copies of this one，” said an expert from Britains National Portrait Gallery. The discovery comes after four months of testing using Xrays, ultraviolet (紫外线的) light, microphotograp
17、hy (显微照相术) and paint samples. The experts from the gallery say the imagecommonly known as the “Flower portrait” was actually painted in the 1800s, about two centuries after Shakespeares death. The art experts who work at the gallery say they also used modern chemistry technology to check the paint o
18、n the picture. These checks found traces of paint dating from about 1814. Shakespeare died in 1616, and the date that appears on the portrait is 1609. “We now think the portrait dates back to around 1818 to 1840. This was when there was a renewed interest in Shakespeares plays，” Tarnya Cooper, the g
19、allerys curator, told the Associated President. The fake picture has often been used as a cover for collections of his plays. It is called the Flower portrait because one of its owners, Desmond Flower, gave it to the Royal Shakespeare Company.“There have always been questions about the painting，” sa
20、id David Howells, curator for the Royal Shakespeare Company. “Now we know the truth. We can put the image in its proper place in the history of Shakespearean portraiture.”Two other images of Shakespeare, are also being studied as part of the investigation and the results will come out later this mon
21、th _篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。全文讲述了最具认可度的莎士比亚画像原来是假的。莎士比亚的真实相貌到底是什么样子，直到现在仍然是一个谜。1What makes the birthday of Shakespeare dramatic this year?AIt was found that he painted a portrait in 1814 instead of in 1609. BThe Flower portrait has been found to be a fake. CThree portraits of Shakespeare are being tested to i
22、dentify a real one. DIt was found that there was a renewed interest in Shakespeares plays around 1818 to 1840.答案：B细节理解题。第二段中的“experts discovered that one of the most recognizable portraits (肖像) of William Shakespeare is a fake”承接第一段第二句，具体说明颇具戏剧性的生日惊喜是他的画像居然是假的。2What can we know according to the text
23、?APortraits of Shakespeare are all unreliable. B“Flower portrait” was a portrait of Shakespeare given to Desmond Flower. C1814 might be when the portrait was drawn. DThe Flower portrait is not often used as a cover for collections of Shakespeares play.答案：C细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，仿照本文提到的这一幅莎士比亚的画像很多可能是假的，而并
24、非全部莎士比亚的画像是假的，排除A项。由第五段第二句可知，因为它的所有者Desmond Flower 把它送给了皇家莎士比亚公司，所以被称为the Flower portrait，排除B项。由第三段倒数第二句可知C项正确。第五段第一句正好与D项相反，这幅画常常作为莎士比亚话剧集的封面。3Whats the best title for this text?ABirthdays Often Involve SurprisesBThe Surprise on the 441st Birthday of ShakespeareCOne Portrait of Shakespeare Is a Fak
25、eDHow Can We Know Shakespeares Appearance?答案：B标题判断题。文章主要提到了在莎士比亚第441个诞辰时，专家们发现他的画像是假的，这让很多人都感到很惊讶。.完形填空(2019甘肃省静宁一中高三一模)It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members _1_ the hall. I was only a 7yearold girl, but I was the center of _2_. Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would _3_
26、 all my hard work in a dance of performance. Everything would be _4_so I thought. I waited backstage all _5_ in my black tights with a golden belt. In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies _6_ that my class was next.My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet,
27、facing the _7_. All I had to do in the next move was to put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box. It really was an _8_ move. I was concentrating so much, _9_ the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look _10_ I was going. I missed my partners box a
28、ltogether and _11_.There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes. I could hear giggles (咯咯笑) coming from the audience, and I felt the _12_ rush to my face. I remembered my dance teacher had told us, “If you make a mistake, keep smiling so the audience will not
29、 _13_”. I did my best to follow her _14_ as I continued with the routine.When the curtain dropped, so did my _15_ for the evening. I _16_ bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face. I ran backstage, but no one could _17_ me down.Recently I realized I had been a _18_ that ni
30、ght. I was _19_ but I fought the urge to run off the stage. _20_ I finished the routine with a smile on my face. Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance, I can laugh too.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者7岁时在一次舞蹈表演时出现失误，从自信到沮丧的思想变化过程。1A.filled Battended Cdecorated Dvi
31、sited答案：A本句句意应为“家人们挤满了演出大厅，大厅里充满了兴奋的情绪”，表示“充满，挤满”用fill。2A.impression Bdebate Cattention Dpressure答案：C根据前一句语境可知，“我”成为大家关注的中心。impression “印象”；debate “争论”；attention “关注”；pressure “压力”，故本题选C项。3A.show off Btake over Cgive up Dlook after答案：A最终，在几周的准备之后，“我”将在一场舞蹈表演中表现“我”辛勤劳动的成果。show off “表现自己”；take over “接
32、管”；give up “放弃”；look after “照看”，故本题选A项。4A.obvious Breasonable Csuitable Dperfect答案：D根据第16空所在句子的描述可知，作者的这次表演失败了，所以本句句意应为“一切都应该是完美的我是这样认为的”。 obvious “明显的”；reasonable “合乎情理的”；suitable “合适的，适宜的”； perfect “完美的”。D项符合逻辑。5A.mixed up Bdressed up Cfolded up Dcovered up答案：B本句描述了自己的穿戴，所以句意应为“我在后台等候，穿着黑色的紧身衣，扎着金
33、色的腰带”。表示“盛装打扮”用dress up。mix up “混淆”；fold up “折叠”；cover up “盖住”。6A.explained Bsuggested Cannounced Dpredicted答案：C本句句意应为“典礼的主持人用清晰且洪亮的声音宣布接下来由我们班表演”。表示“宣布”用announce。7A.music BaudienceCstage Dcurtain答案：B演出自然少不了观众，演员们要面对观众表演，所以本句句意应为“我们的舞蹈班成员在一个两英尺见方的箱子上做固定的动作，面向观众”。所以B项正确。8A.active Badventurous Ceasy D
34、extra答案：C由前一句对“我”在这个舞蹈表演中的动作的描写和后一句描述“我”表演时的镇定、自信可知，本句句意应为“我的动作真的非常简单”，所以C项符合句意。9A.containing Bhiding Csharing Dkeeping答案：D作者在本句中描述了“她”出现失误前的表演，本句句意应为“我脸上带着微笑，高昂着头，注意力如此集中以致我没有看到我的脚伸向了哪里”。表示“保持某种状态”用keep，所以D项正确。10A.why Bwhat Cwhether Dwhere答案：D这里用where 引导状语从句，句意为“我只顾着笑对观众，却没有注意自己的脚下”，故选D项。11A.slippe
35、d Bwandered Cskipped Dwaved答案：A由本文最后一句中的“I slipped during a dance performance”可知，“我”没踩上同伴的箱子，滑倒了。所以使用slip，故选A项。12A.pride Bpleasure Ctear Dblood答案：D自己的表演出现了失误，肯定非常尴尬，所以本句句意应为“我能够听到观众席上传来的咯咯笑声，我感到脸涨得通红”，故选D项。13A.leave Bcheer Cnotice Dbelieve答案：C一旦出错，保持微笑可以使观众注意不到你的错误，故本题选C项。14A.advice Bgesture Cexampl
36、e Dplan答案：A由上一句中的“I remembered my dance teacher had told us”和下文“as I continued with the routine”可知，“我”尽力遵循着老师的建议，故选A项。15A.hopes Bvoice Cpatience Ddoubts答案：A根据作者的描述可知，作者本来是想要表现自己的，结果却出现了失误，所以自己的希望落空了，因此本句句意应为“当幕布落下，我的希望也落空了”，故A项符合语境。16A.argued Bshouted Cbegged Dsobbed答案：D由后文的“tasting the salt from th
37、e tears”可知，作者哭了，所以本句句意应为“我哭了起来”，故D项正确。17A.turn Bcalm Clet Dput答案：B根据上文的“I _16_ bitterly”可知，在当时的情境下，没有人能使作者情绪平静下来，所以应该用calm sb. down表示“使平静”。18A.pioneer Bstar Closer Dfool答案：B从最后一段“I finished the routine with a smile on my face”可知，“我”依然按要求完成舞蹈动作，并没有因失误而半途而废。事情过去这么多年后，作者能够回过头来重新审视自己，所以本句句意应为“近来我认识到那天晚上
38、我就是一个明星”。所以B项符合语境。19A.moved Bembarrassed Csatisfied Dconfused答案：B根据前面的叙述可知，作者当时的失误使得自己非常尴尬，所以本句句意应为“我当时很尴尬，但是我克制住了自己冲出舞台的冲动”。所以B项符合句意。20A.Instead BHowever CIn return DIn total答案：A分析上下文逻辑可知，此处表示“我”当时并没有走掉而是坚持到表演结束，所以本句句意应为“相反，我脸上带着微笑完成了整套动作”，故选A项。.短文改错Dear Xiao Ming，I am a editor of English Corner. I
39、ve received your letter ask me to give you some advice on how to learn English well. Here are some of my suggestions：First of all, I suggest you should read the English word, sentences and short articles aloud every morning. Meanwhile, you should try to memorize the useful sentences as much as possi
40、ble and recite some short passages as well. Moreover, it is suggested that you read a great variety of books after school. Last but not least, a certain amount time should be spent in listening exercises. As long as you can make good use of your spared time to learn English, surely, you will make ra
41、pid progress. Just as the saying going, “Where there is a will, and there is a way.” If you stick to your dream and study hardly, Im sure you will be successful in your English study.Yours, Li Hua答案：难项分析：第二处：askasking考查非谓语动词。句中ask作letter的后置定语，且letter与ask之间在逻辑上构成主谓关系，要用现在分词形式。第五处：readingread考查虚拟语气。句中that引导主语从句，而该从句为suggest的内容，谓语动词用虚拟语气：“(should)动词原形”的形式。第八处：goinggoes考查固定结构。as the saying goes “常言道”。- 13 - 版权所有高考资源网
