1、2020-2021学年度高中一年级教学质量测试英语科试题本试题满分120分，考试时间120分钟说明：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并在“考场号”、“座位号”栏内填涂考场号、座位号。2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；答案不能签在试题卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡整洁，考试结束
2、后，将答题卡交回，试题卷自己保存。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题:每小题2. 5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIn the United States, the word holiday is synonymous with celebration. The following ten holidays per year are proclaimed by the federal government.Independence DayIndependence Day is annually celebrated o
3、n July 4 and is often known as the Fourth of July”. It is the anniversary of the publication of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in 1776. Now it is celebrated in all the states. The army marks the occasion by firing a 13-gun salute every year. Ceremonies may include parades, offici
4、al speeches, visits to historic monuments and fireworks displays.Memorial DayThis holiday, on the fourth Monday of every May, is a day on which Americans honor the dead. Originally a day on which flags and flowers were placed on graves of soldiers who died in the American Civil War, now it has becom
5、e a day on which the dead of all wars and all other dead are remembered the same way.Veterans DayVeterans Day was established to honor Americans who had served in World War I. It falls on November 11, the day when that war ended in 1918, but it now honors veterans of all wars in which the United Sta
6、tes has fought Veterans organizations hold parades or other special ceremonies, and the US president customarily places a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National.ThanksgivingThanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November. It has been an annual tradition in the Uni
7、ted States since 1863. Today, people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner. Thanksgiving dinner almost always includes some of the foods served at the first feast: roast turkey, cranberry sauce potatoes pumpkin pies. B
8、efore the meal begins, families often pause to give thanks.1. When is Independence Day?A. May 14，B. July 13.C. July 14.D. July 4.2. Which holiday honors dead soliders?A. Independence Day.B. Memorial Day.C. Veterans Day.D. Thanksgiving.3. What will Americans do on Thanksgiving Day?A. They say thanks.
9、B. They have friend gatherings.C. They go on holiday.D. They buy many cards.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国四个著名的节日独立日，阵亡将士纪念日，退伍军人节和感恩节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Independence Day中第一句“Independence Day is annually celebrated on July 4 and is often known as the Fourth of July”.(每年的7月4日是独立日，通常被称为“the Four
10、th of July”)”可知，7月4日是独立日。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Memorial Day中第一句“This holiday, on the fourth Monday of every May, is a day on which Americans honor the dead. Originally a day on which flags and flowers were placed on graves of soldiers who died in the American Civil War (这个节日在每年5月的第四个星期一，是美国人纪念死者的日子。最初，在
11、这一天人们在美国内战中阵亡士兵的坟墓上摆放旗帜和鲜花)”可知，阵亡将士纪念日是为了纪念死亡战士的。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Thanksgiving中最后一句“Before the meal begins. families often pause to give thanks.(在用餐开始前，家人通常会停下来表示感谢)”可知，人们在感恩节会说感谢。故选A。BGuangzhou outbreak linked to strains in IndiaThe gene sequencing of the COVID-19 outbreak in Guangzhou. Guangdong
12、province, indicates it is very similar in structure to the mutated strains detected in India, a senior health official from the city said on Sunday.“And it has the characteristic of quick spread.” Chen Bin, deputy director of the citys health commission, said at a news conference in Guangzhou on Sun
13、day.She urged relevant departments and medical staff to act quickly to block the chain of infection and control the spread of the coronavirus in the southern metropolis.Zhang Zhoubin, deputy director of the Guangzhou center for disease control and prevention, said the strain of coronavirus spreads e
14、asily.“The virus can be spread through a meal or through a short period of indirect contact,” he said.The city reported five confirmed eases and 21 asymptomatic carriers as of 2 pm Sunday after the first con finned case was detected in the citys Liwan district on May 21, Chen said.To prevent the vir
15、us from spreading, the city government tightened its disease control and prevention measures over the weekend. Six communities and housing estates previously designated as low-risk areas were raised to medium-risk ones, Chen said.In addition to asking local residents to get vaccinated, the city has
16、organized nucleic acid testing in Haizhu and Yuexiu districts starting from Sunday. Residents in specific areas of Tianhe, Baiyun and Panyu districts have also been required to take nucleic acid tests to expand the screening of suspected patients and asymptomatic carriers.Liwan previously required a
17、ll its residents to take nucleic acid tests.As of Saturday, more than 2-25 million residents of the city have had samples collected for nucleic acid tests, Chen said. More than 10,000 medical workers from the entire city have been sent to Liwan to help vaccinate locals against COVID-19 and collect s
18、amples for nucleic acid testing.Deng Wenjun, director of circulation section with Guangzhou Supply and Marketing Cooperative, said there are sufficient supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas.4. What is the characteristic of the COVID-19 which broke out in Guangzhou?A. It dis
19、appears quickly.B. It spreads fast.C. It has a lot to do with temperature.D. It has the same nature as the seasonal flu.5. Which district have residents who have not been required to take nucleic acid tests?A. Tianhe.B. Haizhu.C. Panyu.D. Zengcheng.6. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The
20、 virus can hardly be spread through a short period of indirect contact.B. There are 21 symptomatic carriers in the Liwan district as of 2 pm Sunday.C. All the people living in Liwan district arc previously asked to take nucleic acid tests.D. Supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk
21、areas arc still not enough.7. Where can you probably find this article?A. On a news website.B. In a fashion magazine.C. In a history book.D. In a travel journal.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了广州新冠疫情的情况，广东省的一位高级卫生官员周日表示，广州新冠肺炎疫情基因序列分析表明它在结构上与在印度检测到的变异毒株非常相似。介绍了广州新冠肺炎疫情的特点、采取的防控措施和各地区居
22、民进行核酸检测情况。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“And it has the characteristic of quick spread.” Chen Bin, deputy director of the citys health commission, said at a news conference in Guangzhou on Sunday.(“而且它具有快速传播的特点。”广州市卫生健康委员会副主任陈斌周日在广州的新闻发布会上说)”可知，广州新冠肺炎疫情的特点是传播很快。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“In addition to asking local
23、 residents to get vaccinated, the city has organized nucleic acid testing in Haizhu and Yuexiu districts starting from Sunday. Residents in specific areas of Tianhe, Baiyun and Panyu districts have also been required to take nucleic acid tests to expand the screening of suspected patients and asympt
24、omatic carriers.(除要求当地居民接种疫苗外，该市还从周日开始在海珠区和越秀区组织了核酸检测。 天河区、白云区、番禺区等特定地区的居民也被要求进行核酸检测，以扩大对疑似患者和无症状感染者的筛查)”可知，增城地区的居民没有被要求进行核酸检测。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Liwan previously required all its residents to take nucleic acid tests.(荔湾区此前要求所有居民进行核酸检测)”以及倒数第二段中“More than 10,000 medical workers from the entire
25、city have been sent to Liwan to help vaccinate locals against COVID-19 and collect samples for nucleic acid testing.(全市派出1万多名医务人员赶赴荔湾区，为当地居民接种新冠肺炎疫苗、采集样本进行核酸检测)”可知，C选项“荔湾区所有居民均曾接受过核酸检测”正确。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The gene sequencing of the COVID-19 outbreak in Guangzhou. Guangdong province, indicates i
26、t is very similar in structure to the mutated strains detected in India, a senior health official from the city said on Sunday.(广东省的一位高级卫生官员周日表示，广州新冠肺炎疫情基因序列分析表明它在结构上与在印度检测到的变异毒株非常相似)”文章还介绍了广州新冠肺炎疫情的特点、采取的防控措施和各地区居民进行核酸检测情况。可推知，文章可能选自一个新闻网站，故选A。CPreventing heart disease is a topic I think about all
27、the time, given my family history of heart disease. So last summer, I travelled to Bolivia. The natives, called the Tsimane, were reported to have the healthiest hearts in the world. I wanted to learn what they could teach me about preventing heart disease.Getting to the Tsimane wasnt easy. They liv
28、ed in small family groups of about 60 people along river banks. We finally found one of the villages at sunset. That night, we set up our tents in the middle of the village. Thatched huts surrounded us, with no electricity or modem conveniences.At first, I thought they mainly got their calorics from
29、 meat. However, I found food such as rice and com made up nearly 70% of their diet. The food was not processed, lacking added sugars or salts.During my stay there, I went hunting and fishing with the men and played soccer with the kids. I found the Tsimane were standing or walking nearly all of thei
30、r waking hours. Men spent lots of time tracking animals. Fanning and gathering, mostly done by children and women, were all-day affairs.I also got a clear idea of how they rested. As soon as the sun went down, people returned to their huts and went to sleep. And with the call of the cock in the morn
31、ing, another day began.The lifespan of the Tsimane is actually much shorter than those living in the US. Various factors, like animal attacks and infections, bring down the lifespan. But up until the day they die, they are often very healthy. While heart disease kills thousands of Americans every ye
32、ar and costs nearly a billion dollars a day, the Tsimane remind us that wealth doesnt necessarily buy health. 8. Why does the author pay so much attention to preventing heart disease?A. He dreams of becoming a doctor.B. He wants to teach others about the topic.C. His family members encourage him to
33、do so.D. He was born with a high risk of heart disease.9. Which factors did the author mainly focus on in his research?A. Housing, food and cooperation.B. Diet, activity and rest.C. Physical work, social life and lifespan.D. Group size, family history and consumption10. What was the Tsimane s sleep-
34、wake cycle mainly based on?A. Natural sound.B. Routine activity.C. Animal behaviour.D. Natural light.11. What might the author advise us to do after his travels in Bolivia?A. Take in less sugar and salt.B. Stand less and walk more.C. Eat white meat instead of red meat.D. Live in the middle of the co
35、mmunity.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者去了玻利维亚，了解提斯曼人预防心脏病的方法，作者从当地人饮食、活动和休息三个方面进行了观察。尽管每年有成千上万的美国人死于心脏病，每天花费近10亿美元，齐斯曼人提醒我们，财富不一定能买到健康。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Preventing heart disease is a topic I think about all the time, given my family history of heart disease.(鉴于我有心脏病家族史，预防心脏病是我一直在
36、想的一个话题)”可知，作者如此重视预防心脏病因为他生来就有患心脏病的高风险。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“At first, I thought they mainly got their calorics from meat. However, I found food such as rice and com made up nearly 70% of their diet. The food was not processed, lacking added sugars or salts.(起初，我以为它们的热量主要来自肉类。然而，我发现米饭和玉米等食物占了他们饮食的近70
37、%。这些食物没有经过加工，没有添加糖和盐)”；第四段“During my stay there, I went hunting and fishing with the men and played soccer with the kids. I found the Tsimane were standing or walking nearly all of their waking hours. Men spent lots of time tracking animals. Fanning and gathering, mostly done by children and women,
38、were all-day affairs. (在那里逗留期间，我和男人们一起打猎、钓鱼，和孩子们一起踢足球。我发现提斯曼人几乎所有醒着的时间都在站立或行走。男人花很多时间追踪动物。扇风和聚会，大部分由儿童和妇女，是全天的事务)”以及第五段“I also got a clear idea of how they rested. As soon as the sun went down, people returned to their huts and went to sleep. And with the call of the cock in the morning, another day
39、 began. (我也清楚地知道他们是如何休息的。太阳一下山，人们就回到他们的小屋去睡觉。随着清晨公鸡的啼叫，新的一天开始了)”可知，作者在研究中主要关注饮食、活动和休息。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“I also got a clear idea of how they rested. As soon as the sun went down, people returned to their huts and went to sleep. And with the call of the cock in the morning, another day began. (我也
40、清楚地知道他们是如何休息的。太阳一下山，人们就回到他们的小屋去睡觉。随着清晨公鸡的啼叫，新的一天开始了)”可推知，提斯曼人的睡眠-觉醒周期主要基于自然光。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“At first, I thought they mainly got their calorics from meat. However, I found food such as rice and com made up nearly 70% of their diet. The food was not processed, lacking added sugars or salts.(起初
41、，我以为它们的热量主要来自肉类。然而，我发现米饭和玉米等食物占了他们饮食的近70%。这些食物没有经过加工，没有添加糖和盐)”以及最后一段中“But up until the day they die, they are often very healthy.(但直到他们死去的那一天，他们通常都很健康)”可推知，作者在玻利维亚旅行之后会建议我们少吃糖和盐。故选A。DIn some areas of California, its so dry that farmers arent willing to plant crops this season. Growers, north of San
42、Francisco, have begun pulling out of local farmers markets.County Line Harvest, which farms more than 30 acres in Petaluma, hasnt had enough water to grow all the peppers, lettuces and other produce for a long time, according to a video on its Instagram page. Nearby farms arc saying the same, emphas
43、izing (强调) the effect of the extended dry periods.California grows a third of the United States vegetables and two-thirds of the nations fruits and nuts. If dry weather prevents farmers from growing plants, that could lead to pushing up the price of food thats already starting to affect the U.S. eco
44、nomy.“Due to severe drought, for the first time in 21 years, we will not be able to grow this summer in Petaluma , County Line said in its post.Drew Lerner, president of World Weather Inc. in Kansas, said California “missed the rainy season and wont see much moisture (水分) over the next several month
45、s.A La Nina weather pattern in the Pacific pushed winter storms north and away from the state, leaving it with less moisture than usual. As California gets most of its water from winter storms, little relief is expected before October.That has left growers such as Shao Shan Fann in a bind. The busin
46、ess cant offer the selection of Asian vegetables and Bay Area staples it usually grows at its Bolinas location, according to its website.Nearby, Green Valley Community Farm has access to only about 5% of the water it usually relies on, owner David Plescia said. Hes looking for new land with enough w
47、ater to use, and also has a permit in the works to grow cannabis to make up for the lost income. If it doesnt make it, hell leave the fields empty.“Its part of our generations cross to bear, figuring out how to run small or medium-scale farm businesses in this kind of atmosphere of highly variable r
48、ainfall,” Andrew said.12. What does the underlined word “extended” in the second paragraph mean?A. Hot.B. Short.C. Long.D. Wonderful.13. Which is the result if the dry weather stops famers from planting crops?A. The increase in the price of food.B. The growth of economy in U.S.C. Less moisture than
49、usual.D. The low price of Asian vegetables.14. From what Andrew said, we can infer (推断) all of the following statements EXCEPT that_.A. The climate is not very goodB. It is part of the burden for people of his generationC. It is hard for him to run his farm businesses in such bad climateD. He is sur
50、e that the serious drought will come to an end soon15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. How do the famers run businesses in California.B. How does the owner look for new land with enough waterC. California farmers facing drought choose not to plant crops.D. The farm economy of the United S
51、tates has changed a lot.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了在加利福尼亚的一些地区，天气非常干旱，农民们不愿意在这个季节种植庄稼。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词句前文“County Line Harvest, which farms more than 30 acres in Petaluma, hasnt had enough water to grow all the peppers, lettuces and other produce for a long time, according t
52、o a video on its Instagram page. (根据Instagram网页上的一段视频，在佩塔卢马种植了30多英亩土地的County Line Harvest长期没有足够的水来种植所有的辣椒、莴苣和其他农产品)”说明，在在佩塔卢马地区长期没有足够的水，即长期干旱，从而推知划线词句“Nearby farms arc saying the same, emphasizing (强调)the effect of the extended dry periods. (附近的农场也这么说，强调了extended干旱期的影响)”中划线单词extended应为“长（期）的”意思，选项C“
53、长的”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“If dry weather prevents farmers from growing plants, that could lead to pushing up the price of food thats already starting to affect the U.S. economy. (如果干旱天气阻止农民种植植物，这可能会推高已经开始影响美国经济的食品价格)”可知，如果干旱的天气使农民不能种植庄稼，结果是食品价格上涨。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Andrew 所说“Its par
54、t of our generations cross to bear, figuring out how to run small or medium-scale farm businesses in this kind of atmosphere of highly variable rainfall.(这是我们这一代人所要承受的苦难的一部分，在这种雨量变化很大的气候条件下，如何经营中小型农场企业)”可知，从他的话中可推断出：这是他那一代人负担的一部分，气候不是很好，在这样恶劣的气候下经营他的农场生意有困难，而没有提到“他确信这场严重的旱灾很快就会结束”。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。
55、通读全文，根据第一段中“In some areas of California, its so dry that farmers arent willing to plant crops this season. (在加利福尼亚的一些地区，天气非常干旱，农民们不愿意在这个季节种植庄稼)”等内容可知，本文主要讲述了面临干旱的加州农民选择不种植庄稼。故选C项。第二节（共5小题:每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It can be hard to include exercise in our busy lives
56、. _16_ Here are some common misunderstandings about exercise and what research actually tells us.I exercise once a week, and thats enough._17_ Therefore, you need to exercise every day. Mix it up and keep it interesting as maintaining high levels of physical activity throughout your life is associat
57、ed with the best health outcomes._18_The good news is （bat recent guidelines have removed the need for physical activity to be at least 30 minutes at a time. There is no minimum time （最少少时间）to exercise, so carry out active daily chores, such as carrying heavy shopping bags and doing garden work, to
58、improve your health. Try to do exercise “snacks”, such as climbing a few flights of stairs at a high enough intensity to make you a bit out of breath.Im too old to exercise.This is not true. Evidence shows that aging alone is not a cause of major problems until you arc in your mid-90s. _19_Im not fe
59、eling well so 1 shouldnt exercise.If you have a fever, are really unwell or arc experiencing high levels of pain or exhaustion, dont exercise. _20_ But you should listen to your body and decrease your exercise load if you need to.A. I am fit, so I dont need to exercise.B. In most other cases, being
60、physically active is safe.C. There are a lot of reasons why people dont exercise.D. Physical activity decreases the risk of excessive weight gain.E. I need to spend at least 30 minutes exercising at a time.F. The health benefits of exercise wont last if you only exercise once a week.G. Strength, pow
61、er and muscle mass can be increased, even at this advanced age.【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于锻炼的常见误解。16题详解】根据前句“It can be hard to include exercise in our busy lives. ”（在我们忙碌的生活中加入锻炼可能很困难。）可知C项“There are a lot of reasons why people dont exercise.”（人们不锻炼的原因有很多。）其中people dont
62、exercise与前句It can be hard to include exercise相呼应。故选C项。【17题详解】根据前句“I exercise once a week, and thats enough.”（我每周锻炼一次，这就足够了。）可知，F项“The health benefits of exercise wont last if you only exercise once a week.”（如果你每周只锻炼一次，锻炼对健康的益处将不会持续。）其中you only exercise once a week与前句exercise once a week形成呼应结构，均表示每周锻
63、炼一次是不够的。故选F项。【18题详解】根据后句“recent guidelines have removed the need for physical activity to be at least 30 minutes at a time.”（最近的指导方针取消了每次至少 30 分钟的体育活动的需要。）可知E项“I need to spend at least 30 minutes exercising at a time.”（我需要一次至少锻炼 30 分钟。）其中spend at least 30 minutes exercising at a time与后文physical acti
64、vity to be at least 30 minutes at a time相呼应，符合本段语境，表示每次最少锻炼30分钟是误解，故选E项。【19题详解】根据前句“Evidence shows that aging alone is not a cause of major problems until you are in your mid-90s.”（有证据表明，在 90 多岁之前，衰老本身并不是导致重大问题的原因。）可知G项“Strength, power and muscle mass can be increased, even at this advanced age.”（即使
65、在这个高龄，力量、体力和肌肉质量也可以增加。）其中at this advanced age与前句中you are in your mid-90s形成呼应结构。故选G项。【20题详解】根据前句“If you have a fever, are really unwell or arc experiencing high levels of pain or exhaustion, dont exercise.”（如果你发烧、身体真的不适或感到极度疼痛或疲惫，请不要运动。）可知B项“In most other cases, being physically active is safe.”（在大多数
66、其他情况下，锻炼身体是安全的。）其中In most other cases与上文have a fever, are really unwell or arc experiencing high levels of pain or exhaustion形成顺承关系，表示除了这些意外其他情况锻炼都是安全的，符合本段语境。故选B项。【点睛】第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。From my childhood, my parents never seemed to care
67、 about me. My life was full of unhappiness and_21_ . Eight years ago my father died and I did not _22_ . It took five years to forgive him. Still, my mom was around, so I _23_ to treat her better even though she treated me _24_When I was young, I worked abroad, so I had to _25_her and my brother. Sh
68、e always quarreled with my brother. I do not know whose _26_ it was. Yet my brother and I loved her. I _27_her all the things she wanted, but I never _28_how to love or to say the right words.Recently, she _29_me one morning and said she was leaving. And she_30_ me for all the things I did. I told h
69、er to_31_being ridiculous(荒谬的)and go home. That was the last thing I told her before I _32_ her.Im 30 years old and _33_living with my pain and loneliness. I tend to let my pain get to me, and I now realize how I ill-treated my mom and when she made that _34_call, I said the worst thing a son could
70、ever say to his_35_. Now I am here and full of remorse(悔恨). Please forgive me, mom and dad.21. A. mistakeB. angerC. surpriseD. news22. A. noticeB. rememberC. promiseD. cry23. A. decidedB. refusedC. pretendedD. continued24. A. quicklyB. badlyC. happilyD. carefully25. A. helpB. visitC. leaveD. forget2
71、6. A. gameB. experienceC. valueD. fault27. A. soldB. gaveC. lentD. beat28. A. taughtB. dreamtC. knewD. told29. A. warnedB. calledC. metD. received30. A. thankedB. encouragedC. askedD. paid31. A. imagineB. stopC. mindD. enjoy32. A. comfortedB. blamedC. sawD. lost33. A. againB. stillC. oftenD. seldom3
72、4. A. lastB. valuableC. friendlyD. real35. A. neighborB. brotherC. motherD. teacher【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小没有得到父母的关心，长大后才原谅父亲，后来与母亲关系不和，最后意识到这样对待妈妈是不对的，对父母表示了深切的歉意。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的生活充满了不快乐和愤怒。A. mistak
73、e错误；B. anger生气,愤怒；C. surprise惊喜；D. news新闻。根据本空处前“From my childhood, my parents never seemed to care about me. My life was full of unhappiness(从我的童年开始，我的父母似乎从来不关心我。我的生活充满了不快乐)”可知，作者一直觉得父母不爱自己，所以作者的生活中充满了苦恼和“愤怒”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：八年前我父亲去世了，我没有哭。A. notice注意；B. remember记住；C. promise承诺；D. cry哭。根据空处
74、前的“From my childhood, my parents never seemed to care about me.”和“Eight years ago my father died(八年前我父亲去世了)”可知，因为作者认为父母从来都不在意自己，所以作者心中充满愤怒，以至于在父亲去世时，作者都没有哭。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我妈妈还在身边，所以我决定对她更好，即使她对我很差。A. decided决定 ；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. continued继续。根据上文“It took five years to forgive
75、 him.”以及空处后“to treat her better (更好地对待她)”可知，作者花了五年的时间才原谅父亲，而父亲当时已经去世了，所以作者决定要好好对待在世的母亲。故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我妈妈还在身边，所以我决定对她更好，即使她对我很差。A. quickly快速地；B. badly差地，不好地；C. happily快乐地；D. carefully仔细地。根据文章首句“my parents never seemed to care about me(我父母似乎从来都不关心我)”可知，作者的父母似乎从来都不在意作者，所以此处指作者的母亲以前对自己不好，故用
76、badly。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻的时候，我在国外工作，所以我不得不离开她和我的兄弟。A. help帮助；B. visit拜访；C. leave离开；D. forget忘记。由该空前的“worked abroad(出国工作)”可知，此处应该是指因出国工作而“离开”母亲和哥哥。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道是谁的错。A. game游戏；B. experience 经历，经验；C. value价值；D. fault错。由上文“She always quarreled with my brother.”可知，此处指作者不知道是母亲和兄弟吵架是谁
77、的“错”。故选D项。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了她所有她想要的东西，但我从来不知道如何去爱或说正确的话。A. sold卖 ；B. gave 给；C. lent借出；D. beat击败。根据上文“Yet my brother and I loved her(但我哥哥和我都爱她)”可知，作者“给”她所有她想要的东西。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了她所有她想要的东西，但我从来不知道如何去爱或说正确的话。A. taught教；B. dreamt梦 ；C. knew知道；D. told告诉。根据该空处所在句“but I never how to love or to
78、 say the right words(但我从不如何去爱或说正确的话)”可知，后半句与前半句形成转折关系。因此推断作者在物质上给母亲所有她想要的东西，但作者不“知道”怎么去爱或怎么进行正确的表达。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，一天早上她打电话给我说她要走了。A. warned警告，B. called打电话；C. met遇见；D. received收到。根据14空后的“call(电话)”可知， 有一天早晨，母亲打电话给作者。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感谢我所做的一切。A. thanked感谢；B. encouraged鼓励；C. asked问；D
79、. paid支付。由第二段的“I _7_her all the things she wanted (她想要什么我就给她什么)”可知，作者在物质上满足母亲的所有需求，所以此处应该是母亲对作者为她所做的一切表示感谢。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叫她停止做荒谬的事，然后回家。A. imagine想象；B. stop停止；C. mind介意；D. enjoy享受。根据空处后“being ridiculous(是可笑的)”可知，在母亲给他打电话表示感谢时，作者告诉母亲不要作荒谬的事情，快回家。故选B项。32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我在失去她之前告诉她的最后一件事。A.
80、 comforted安慰；B. blamed指责；C. saw看见；D. lost失去 。根据文章最后一句“Please forgive me, mom and dad(请原谅我，爸爸妈妈)”可知，作者的母亲也去世了。因此，此处指这是在作者“失去”她之前对她所说的最后的话。故选D项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我 30 岁了，仍然生活在我的痛苦和孤独中。A. again 再次；B. still仍然；C. often经常；D. seldom很少。根据空处所在句后的“I tend to let my pain get to me”可知，作者现在仍然(still)心中满是伤痛和孤独。故选B
81、项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我常常让我的痛苦蔓延到我身上，我现在意识到我是如何对我妈妈不好的，当她最后一次打电话时，我说了一个儿子能对他妈妈说的最糟糕的话。A. last最后的；B. valuable有价值的；C. friendly友好的 ；D. real真实的。根据12空前的“That was the last thing I told her(那是我告诉她的最后一件事)”可知， 那天早晨的电话是母亲打给作者的“最后”个电话。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常常让我的痛苦蔓延到我身上，我现在意识到我是如何对我妈妈不好的，当她最后一次打电话时，我说了一个儿子能
82、对他妈妈说的最糟糕的话。A. neighbor邻居；B. brother兄弟；C. mother母亲 ；D. teacher老师。根据14空所在句“she made that last call(她打了最后一个电话)”可知，那个电话是作者的母亲给作者打的，所以此处指那番话是一个儿子对“母亲”所说的最糟糕的话。故选C项。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, _36_ (know) by the nickname Father of Hybrid Rice(杂
83、交水稻)1 died in a hospital in Changsha at the age of 91.On Saturday afternoon, large crowds honored the scientist by _37_ (march) past the hospital, _38_ he died, calling out phrases such as Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”Yuan spent his life researching rice. Worldwide, a fifth of all rice now _39
84、_ (come) from species created by hybrid rice.In _40_1970s, Yuan developed a hybrid strain of rice that recorded an annual yield 20% higher than existing _41_ (variety)-meaning it could feed an extra 70 million people a year. His work help transform China from food deficiency (缺乏)to food security wit
85、hin three decades._42_ (obvious), Yuan and his team worked with dozens of countries around the world _43_(solve) problems of food security as well as malnutrition (营养不良).Even in his later years. Yuan did not stop doing research. In 2017, working with a Hunan _44_(agriculture) school, he helped creat
86、e a strain of low-cadmium indica rice for areas suffering _45_ heavy metal pollution, reducing the amount of cadmium (镉)in rice by more than 90%.【答案】36. known 37. marching 38. where 39. comes 40. the 41. varieties 42. Obviously 43. to solve 44. agricultural 45. from【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的逝
87、世及其贡献。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：以“杂交水稻之父”之名被熟知的中国科学家袁隆平在长沙的一所医院逝世，享年91岁。Yuan Longping“known与know之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填known。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周六下午，大量群众致敬这一位科学家：他们走过袁隆平先生离世的医院，并呼喊着“袁爷爷一路走好”。作介词by的宾语用动名词，故填marching。【38题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：周六下午，大量群众致敬这一位科学家：他们走过袁隆平先生离世的医院，并呼喊着“袁爷爷一路走好”。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词“hospit
88、al”，在句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。【39题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：目前，世界上五分之一的水稻出自杂交水水稻品种。“come”在句中充当谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，分数作主语，谓语动词单复数由分数后的主语决定，即谓语动词“come”的单复数由不可数名词rice决定，用三单形式comes，故填comes。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：上世纪70年代，袁老培养出了一株杂交水稻植株。记录显示它的年产量比已存在的水稻种类高出20%。因在某一年代前要加定冠词the，故填the。【41题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：上世纪70年代，袁老培养出了一株杂交水稻植株。记录显
89、示它的年产量比已存在的水稻种类高出20%。“variety”，“种类”，为可数名词。该词前无表示单数的冠词和量词，且根据句意“已存在的种类”肯定不止一种，故使用复数形式，故填varieties。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：显然，为了解决如营养不良等食品安全问题，袁老和他的团队与世界上众多国家一起工作。修饰整个句子用副词，故填Obviously。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：显然，为了解决如营养不良等食品安全问题，袁老和他的团队与世界上众多国家一起工作。各国一起工作的目的是为了解决粮食安全问题，使用不定式作目的状语，故填to solve。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：2017年，他在湖
90、南的一所农业学校工作，他帮助那些正遭受着严重的金属污染的地方产出了一株低镉籼稻，将镉的含量减少了90%。短语“农业学校”是形容词加名词的搭配，“school”前缺少修饰它的形容词“农业的”，故填agricultural。【45题详解】考查动词短语。句意：2017年，他在湖南的一所农业学校工作，他帮助那些正遭受着严重的金属污染的地方产出了一株低镉籼稻，将镉的含量减少了90%。suffer from意为“遭受”，故填from。【点睛】第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 为积极应对人口老龄化，我国已全面放开三胎。假定你是李华，你的父母计划生第三胎， 请给你校外籍教师Bar
91、ton写信，谈谈你的看法。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答;参考词汇：the aging population 人口老龄化；three-child policy 三胎政策；give birth to 生 孩子；sibling兄弟姐妹；the burden of的负担_【答案】One possible version:Dear Barton,How are you doing these days? Im writing to share something about the three-child policy in China with youActively
92、responding to the aging population, China support couples having third child. Now my parents have made a decision to give birth to their third child, which excites me a lot. First of all, I can share everything I have with them. Besides, Watching my siblings play and fight is a kind of fun for me. L
93、ast but not least, we three can take care of my parents and support them together when they grow old.However, I worry about how I can set a good example to my siblings. Could you give me some constructive suggestions?Yours,Li HuaOne possible version:【解析】分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外籍教师Barton写信，谈谈自己对中国三胎政策的看
94、法。【详解】1.词汇积累决定：decide make a decision告知某人某事：tell sb. about sth. share sth. with sb生育: producegive birth to提供建议：give sb. good advice give sb. constructive suggestions.2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：I worry about how I can set a good example to my siblings. Could you give me some constructive suggestions?拓展句：Could you
95、 give me some constructive suggestions about how I can set a good example to my siblings?【点睛】高分句型1 Now my parents have made a decision to give birth to their third child, which excites me a lot. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 we three can take care of my parents and support them together when they grow
96、old.(运用了时间状语从句)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.A little boy almost thought of himself as the unluckiest child in the world because poliomyelitis （小儿麻痹症）made him unable to walk like normal people. He seldom played with his classmates, and when the teacher asked him to answer questi
97、ons, he always lowered his head without a word.One spring, the boys father asked for some young trees from the neighbor. He wanted to plant them in the front of the house. He told his children to plant a tree each person. The father said to the children, Whose tree grows best, I will buy him or her
98、a favorite gift The boy also wanted to get his fathers gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, he had a terrible idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So he never attended to it.A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again
99、, he was surprised to find it not only didnt die, but also grew some fresh leaves, and compared with the trees of his brother and sister, his appeared greener and more vital. His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him, from the tree you planted, you will bec
100、ome a great person when you grow up. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1:One day, the little boy lay on the bed, wondering why his tree can grow so well _Paragraph 2:Since then, the little boy became different _【答案】One possible version:Paragraph 1:One day, the little boy lay on bed, won
101、dering why his tree can grow so well. he suddenly recalled what the biology teacher once said, plants general grow at night. Why not go to see the tree? When he came to the courtyard on tiptoe, he found his father was splashing something under his tree with a ladle. All of a sudden, he understood: h
102、is father had been secretly fertilizing his small tree! He returned to his room, tears running down his face without restraint.Paragraph 2:Since then, the little boy became different. Being strong and confident, he overcame all the difficulties he was faced with. Decades passed, he was elected Presi
103、dent of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt. Love is the best nourishment of life; even if it is just one ladleful of clear water, it can make the tree of life thrive. Maybe that tree is inconspicuous; perhaps that the tree is so thin, and even some withered, but as long as there is n
104、ourishment of love, it can flourish and even grow into towering trees.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Franklin Roosevelt在父亲的关爱下如何变得乐观的故事。爱是生命中最好的养料；即使只是一勺清水，它都能使生命之树茁壮成长。也许那棵树不够好，也许那棵树那么细，甚至有些脆弱，但只要有爱的滋养，它就可以很好地活跃起来，甚至长成参天大树。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“一天，小男孩躺在床上，想知道为什么他的树能长得这么好。”可知，第一段可描写作者在晚上查看树生长的状态，发现父亲在为树施肥。由第二段
105、首句内容“从此，小男孩变得不一样了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的变化，因为有爱的滋养，克服了很多困难，他最后取得了很大的成功，成为了美国总统。2.续写线索：好奇查看感动改变成功感悟3.词汇激活行为类查看：check/figure out改变：change/be different情绪类好奇：showing his curiosity/wonder感动：be moved/feel touched【点睛】高分句型1 he suddenly recalled what the biology teacher once said, plants general grow at night. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句作recalled的宾语）高分句型2 Being strong and confident, he overcame all the difficulties he was faced with. （being现在分词作伴随状语）
