1、Section Learning About Language.核心词汇及拓展1_ n. 部长；大臣；外交使节2_ n. 蛙；青蛙3_ n. 箭；箭头4_ n. 适合度假的地方5_ n. 领域；领土；范围6_ vt. 倡议；赞助；主办n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者7_ n. 自由8_ n. 高尔夫球运动9_ n. 海峡10_ n. 样本；样品11_ n. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹12_ vi. & n(过去式_，过去分词_)潜水；跳水；俯冲13_ n自由；不受影响的状态_ adj.自由的；无约束的 vt.使自由；释放14_ vt. 给命名(或题名)；使享有权利15_ 高峰季节.核心
2、词汇讲解1freedom n自由；不受影响的状态free adj. 免费的；自由的；不受限制的vt. 解放；解救；使摆脱adv. 免费地keep.free from/of 使免受(影响；伤害等)；使不含(有害物)be free of 不含的；没有的；不受伤害/影响的free of charge/for free 免费set.free 释放/放走free.from/of. 解放；使摆脱After 10 years in prison, he was given his freedom.他入狱10年以后又得到了自由。We should keep ourselves free from drugs.
3、我们应该远离毒品。It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain.过了几个星期他的疼痛才完全消除。Set your imagination free when you think about the future.展望未来时要尽情想象。The department store delivers goods free of charge.这家百货商店免费送货。 即学即练单句语法填空/翻译句子Young parents are advised to choose natural food that is free _ chemi
4、cals for their children to make sure _ their health.My suggestion is _ free.Its a pity that we cant arrange for our agenda; otherwise we would enjoy more _ (free) during the whole journey.今年我们要设法让花园不长杂草。_放松练习可以使你的身体免于紧张。_ 特别提示be free of作“不受伤害/影响的”时，相当于be free from。2sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办；资助；促成；举办n(法案等的
5、)倡议者；赞助者The race organisers are trying to attract sponsors.比赛的组织者在想方设法吸引赞助者。She found a company to sponsor her through college.她找到了一家公司资助她读完大学。The government sponsored an activity to raise money for homeless children.政府举办了一项活动来为无家可归的孩子们筹钱。 即学即练单句语法填空The exhibition _ (sponsor) by his father was a gre
6、at success.The activity _ (sponsor) by the young man, _ father would sponsor him to carry it out.My aunt is _ sponsor who _ (sponsor) an activity to donate money to people in need when the earthquake happened.语境串记The sponsor sponsored an activity to sponsor the poor students.那位赞助者主办了一场活动来赞助那些贫困生。Dis
7、cover Useful StructuresGrammar复习过去分词新知导引诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1The developed countries are supposed to make more efforts to protect our environment.2The Chinese people tend to drink boiled water.3Bored at home, he decided to go to the movies.4The bored man went to sleep during the speech.5Left alone with
8、nowhere to go, I stayed at the cafe for 2 hours.6His heart broken, he never married again.7I heard the song sung in English.8Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.9The library is now closed.10The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains.11English is a widely used languag
9、e.12We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.13He had his hair cut last week.共性呈现1所有画线部分均为过去分词2过去分词可在句中作定语：句1、2、4、11、123过去分词可在句中作状语：句3、5、6、84过去分词可在句中作表语：句9、105过去分词可在句中作宾补：句7、13语法精释1过去分词(短语)作定语(1)单个的过去分词放在被修饰的词前面，作前置定语，与被修饰词之间通常是逻辑上的被动关系，也可以表示动作已经完成。cooked food熟食your spoken English你的英语口语但
10、是有的过去分词形式作定语时既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如lost(迷路的；丢失的)，retired(退休的)等。the lost child丢失的孩子the retired people退休的人们(2)过去分词短语作定语，通常放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句，与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的被动关系。The man named Tom (who is named Tom) is my uncle.名叫汤姆的那个人是我的叔叔。The topic discussed just now (which was discussed just now) is very puzzl
11、ing.刚刚讨论的这个话题很令人费解。The girl dressed in red (who is dressed in red) is my daughter.穿红衣服的女孩是我的女儿。(表状态)特别注意非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间存在被动关系时，用被动形式。下面我们来看一下过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动式(being done)、不定式的被动式(to be done)之间的区别。done表示被动、完成being done表示正在进行的被动to be done表示将来的被动The bridge built last year is important.去年建的那座桥很重要。The br
12、idge being built now is important.正在建造的那座桥很重要。The bridge to be built next year is important.明年要建造的那座桥很重要。2过去分词作表语(1)过去分词作表语时，要放在系动词如be，appear，feel，remain, seem, look, stay, keep, turn, get等之后，构成系表结构。The glass is broken.杯子碎了。I was pleased with the news.这个消息使我很高兴。(2)有些过去分词表示主语所处的状态或主观心理感受，作用相当于形容词。常见的
13、词有：interested，inspired，pleased，disturbed，satisfied, confused, astonished, bored, amused, convinced等。I was confused about the confusing murder.我对这个令人费解的凶杀案感到困惑。The boss wasnt astonished at the astonishing news at all.老板对这个令人惊讶的消息一点也不吃惊。特别注意interesting, pleasing, boring这类词表示“令人的”，而interested，pleased,
14、bored这类词表示“感到的”。3过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语(1)动词的宾语补足语与宾语之间为逻辑上的被动关系。Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.史密斯先生在外度假时，有人闯入了他家。He had his bicycle repaired yesterday.昨天他找人修理了他的自行车。A liar cant make himself believed.骗子不能使别人相信自己。When he found the door locked, he went home.当他发现门被锁上时，他就回家了。(
15、2)介词的宾语补足语与宾语之间为逻辑上的被动关系。She lay on the sofa, with her body covered by a coat.她躺在沙发上，身上盖着一件外套。He stood there with his eyes fixed on the picture.他站在那里，眼睛盯着那幅图画。4过去分词(短语)作状语(1)过去分词(短语)作状语的含义和基本用法过去分词(短语)在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语和伴随状语等。作状语的过去分词表示被动或完成的动作，相当于一个状语从句。过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。过去分词(短语)作时间状
16、语Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.从山上看，公园看起来很漂亮。过去分词(短语)作原因状语Greatly touched by his teachers words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.Because the boy was greatly touched by his teachers words, he did a lot
17、 of things to help his classmates.这个小男孩被老师们的话深深地打动了，所以他做了很多事情来帮助他的同学们。过去分词(短语)作条件状语Given more time, we could do it much better.If we were given more time, we could do it much better.如果有更多的时间，我们可以做得更好。过去分词(短语)作让步状语Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.Though they had been
18、warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.虽然农民们已被提醒暴风雨将要来临，但他们仍然在地里干活儿。过去分词(短语)作伴随状语The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students.The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.老师走进教室，一群学生跟着他。特别注意有些过去分词(短语)源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表示
19、主语的状态。如：be lost in(全神贯注，沉浸于)；be trapped in(陷入)；be buried in(埋头于，专心于)；be absorbed in(全神贯注于，专心于)；be interested in(对感兴趣)；be dressed in(穿着)；be determined to(决心)；be devoted to(致力于)；be addicted to(沉溺于)；be seated(坐好；落座)；be faced with(面对)等。Addicted to computer games, he lost interest in study.沉溺于网络游戏，他对学习失去
20、了兴趣。Faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.面临如此多的困难，我们没能按时完成任务。(2)过去分词(短语)作状语和现在分词(短语)作状语的区别分词作状语时分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语保持一致。过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词和主语之间是逻辑上的被动关系；现在分词(短语)作状语时，分词和主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，你会发现这座城市看起来像个大花园。(you和
21、see之间是逻辑上的主动关系)Seen from the hill, the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，这座城市看起来像个大花园。(the city和see之间是逻辑上的被动关系)特别注意过去分词、现在分词的被动式、现在分词的完成被动式的区别：过去分词done表示被动和完成的动作；现在分词的被动式being done表示正在被进行的动作；现在分词的完成被动式having been done表示动作是被动且在主句动作之前完成。Bitten by the snake in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp.
22、因为在灌木丛中被蛇咬了，苏珊被送回了营地。Being taught by the two gentlemen, Eliza made great progress.被两位绅士教导着，伊丽莎取得了很大的进步。Having been awarded so many prizes in literature, George felt that his years of efforts were worth it.在被授予很多文学奖项之后，乔治感到他多年的努力是值得的。 即学即练单句语法填空1I need a new passport so I had my photograph _ (take) y
23、esterday.Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep _ (focus) for more than an hour at a time.His blackandwhite pictures present a world _ (lose) in time.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ (spend) with his students.Prices of daily goods _ (buy) online can be lower than store pr
24、ices._ (order) a week ago, the books are expected to arrive at any time now._ (give) more attention, he could have gained more achievements._ (found) in 1636, Harvard University is one of the most famous universities in the United States.Once _ (broadcast), the TV play will be very popular with youn
25、g people._ (absorb) in watching the film, Jack didnt notice me entering his room.2A _ (lose) opportunity never returns.This is the question _ (give)Whats the language _ (speak) in Germany?Most of the people _ (invite) to the party were famous scientists.Its time to get my clock _ (repair)He was tryi
26、ng to make himself _ (understand)I often hear the song _ (sing) in English._ (walk) alone on her way home, she looked backwards constantly as if followed by someone.The American President went into the room, _ (accompany) by the officials and reporters._ (blame) for the breakdown of the school compu
27、ter network, Alice was in low spirits.3The problem _ (discuss) next week is of great importance.The building _ (build) now is our future classroom.The problem _ (discuss) just now is of great importance.The children are just beginning to get _ (excite) about using words and forming sentences.We are
28、_ (amaze) at his rapid recovery._ (dress) in red skirt, she looks charming._ (bite) several times by the dog, the postman never delivered a letter to us.Though _ (lack) money, his parents still managed to send him to university._ (spend) the past year as an exchange student in America, Linda appears
29、 more mature than those of her age._ (question) by the police, the boy got very nervous.用所给动词的适当形式填空1I was _ (surprise) to find my hometown changed so much.2The old couple bought some _ (paint) chairs.3To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ (speak) as much as we can.4T
30、o her surprise, she heard someone _ (call) her in the strange city.5We must have the work _ (finish) by Tuesday.6China is a _ country while America is a _ country. (develop)7_ (lose) in thought, he almost fell into the water.8Properly _ (mark) with numbers, the books can be easily found.句型转换1The man
31、ager had someone repair the machine yesterday.The manager _ yesterday.(过去分词作宾语补足语)2The story was written by a middle school student, and it is popular in schools.The story _ is popular in schools. (过去分词作定语)3The murderer was brought in, and his hands were tied behind his back.The murderer was brought
32、 in _ behind his back. (with复合结构)4The girl shows an interest in playing the piano.The girl _ playing the piano.(过去分词作表语)5What he said at my birthday party disappointed me.I _ what he said at my birthday party.(过去分词作表语)Section Learning About Language新知感知自学导引.核心词汇及拓展1minister2.frog3.arrow4.getaway5.do
33、main6.sponsor7.liberty8.golf9.strait10.sample11.monument12.divedived/dovedived13.freedomfree14.entitle15.peak season.核心词汇讲解1of/from；offorfreedomWe will try/take measures to keep the garden free of/from weeds this year.Relaxation exercises can keep your body free of/from tension.2sponsoredwas sponsor
34、ed；whosethe/a；sponsoredDiscover Useful StructuresGrammar复习过去分词语法精讲难点透析1takenfocusedlostspentboughtOrderedGivenFoundedbroadcastAbsorbed2lostgivenspokeninvitedrepairedunderstoodsungWalkingaccompaniedBlamed3to be discussedbeing builtdiscussedexcitedamazedDressedHaving been bittenlackingHaving spentQuestioned/Being questioned课时达标随堂自测.用所给动词的适当形式填空1surprised2.painted3.spoken4.calling5.finished6.developing；developed7.Lost8.marked.句型转换1had the machine repaired2.written by a middle school student3.with his hands tied4.is interested in5.felt disappointed at
