1、上海市英语高考模拟试卷(六)I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10%)Directions : In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about -what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
2、 conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. A waitress.B. An actress.C. A policewoman.D. A driver.【答案】C【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. In a furniture sto
3、re.B. In a restaurant.C. At a bank.D. In a factory.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. The good weather tomorrow.B. The vacation plan.C. Getting up early in the morning.D. The possible heavy traffic.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. 100 dollars.B. 200 dollars.C. 300 dollars.D
4、. 400 dollars.【答案】A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. She works in a very nice restaurant.B. Restaurant food is dirty and has made her ill.C. Her job involves a lot of business dinners.D. She feels tired when preparing meals at home.【答案】C【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. She is at hom
5、e now.B. She is a tourist there.C. She lost her hotel card.D. She doesnt know the man.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. He is asking for leave.B. He is asking for reasons.C. He is quitting his job.D. He is investing time and money.【答案】C【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. She would
6、 rather stay at home listening to CDs.B. She likes to listen to new music CDs.C. She wants the man to buy CDs for her.D. She can get new music CDs for free.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Next Tuesday.B. Next Wednesday.C. Next Thursday.D. Next Friday.【答案】A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。10.【此处可播放相
7、关音频，请去附件查看】A. China.B. France.C. Italy.D. Japan. Section B (15%)【答案】A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation (s) and shortpassage (s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation (s) and the passage (s). The conversation(s) and t
8、he passage (s) will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. A. A rental ap
9、artment usually has a kitchen and a bathroom.B. Rental apartments have no more than two bedrooms.C. One-room apartments are too small to have a bathroom.D. A living room is essential for all the rental apartments.12. A. According to the number of bedrooms.B. The prices of all houses or apartments ar
10、e fixed.C. Based on the location and the quality.D. The owners decide the prices themselves.13. A. Security deposit is equal to two months rent.B. It costs you a months rent to repair the damage.C. You are required by law to pay rent for a full year.D. You can renew the agreement by reducing the ren
11、t.【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. A. By staying alert to see something happening in nature.B. By possessing two essential characteristics of great physicists.C. By totally understanding the tricky make-up of the world.D. By s
12、ucceeding in transferring the skills into the wider social area.15. A. His contributions have advanced progress in the society.B. He suggested and created many modern power systems.C. He laid out important principles in his scientific works.D. His contributed to helping people evolve and survive.16.
13、 A. Develop the observation of natural phenomena.B. Help humankind to survive in the world.C. Drive important changes to the society.D. Inspire many other great physicists.【答案】14. D 15. B 16. B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Draw.B. Fold pap
14、er.C. Sing.D. Tell stories.18. A. At the age of four.B. At the age of five.C. At the age of six.D. At the age of seven.【答案】17. B 18. B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 19. A. His college life is too boring.B. Some principles of science are too difficu
15、lt for him to understand.C. Students cant quite follow his teaching.D. He cant concentrate when talking about some basics.20. A. Freshmen are usually highly motivated.B. Jane White teaches chemistry in college.C. Susan is popular with her students.D. The man will try something new.【答案】19. C 20. D【解析
16、】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10%)Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with, a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，use on
17、e word that best fits each blank.What is an insect? Insects of all kinds have existed on earth for millions of years. Sometimes we think of all insects as pests. Human life, however, would have a difficult time continuing without insects, _21_ they pollinate plants and are a food source for many ani
18、mals. Besides, insects, especially the social _22_，are fascinating.One very interesting and useful social insect is the honey bee. Bees _23_ (consider) social insects because they live and work together. The bee lives in a beehive with other worker bees, and with the queen, who can lay thousands of
19、eggs a day. The worker bees make wax used _24_ (create) new cells inside the hive. Humans use this valuable beeswax _25_ candles，cosmetics, expensive furniture polish, and other products. They also produce honey, a valuable food for humans (as well as for bees).Another fascinating social insect is _
20、26_ ant. Many types of ants live in colonies underground. There thousands of them build and maintain their “city”. They also cooperate to provide food, sometimes in a manner that looks like human. For example, some ants actually raise their own food. One type of ant “farmer” keeps and cares for tiny
21、 insects that suck sweet sap (汁液)from plants. Ant farmers milk them from the sap, just like actual farmers milk cows. The sap is then given as food to young ants and to the queen, _27_ main duty is to lay eggs. Another type of ant that produces its own food does so by gardening. These farmer ants ta
22、ke pieces of leaves into the colony and chew them up. The soft， _28_ (chew) up leaves then sprout (涌出)a fungus that the worker ants use to feed the queen and young ants. There are many other ways that ants cooperate to maintain and protect their colonies.There are also many other kinds of social ins
23、ects. _29_ makes them all so fascinating is their organization. _30_ each insect has certain tasks to perform, the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living organism.【答案】21. because 22. ones 23. are considered 24. to create 25. in 26. the 27. whose 28. chewed 29. What 30. Although【解析】【
24、分析】这是一篇说明文。各种各样的昆虫在地球上已经存在了数百万年。有时我们认为所有的昆虫都是害虫。然而，如果没有昆虫，人类的生活将难以继续，因为昆虫为植物授粉，是许多动物的食物来源。此外，昆虫，尤其是社会性的昆虫，是令人着迷的。文章介绍了蜜蜂和蚂蚁两种社会性昆虫的组织结构。【21题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，如果没有昆虫，人类的生活将难以继续，因为昆虫为植物授粉，是许多动物的食物来源。根据句意，本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”故填because。【22题详解】考查代词。句意：此外，昆虫，尤其是社会性的昆虫，是令人着迷的。此处指代上文insects，表示泛指，且为复数，故填ones。【23题详解】
25、考查动词时态语态。句意：蜜蜂被认为是群居昆虫，因为它们生活和工作在一起。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动，且时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，故填are considered。【24题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工蜂用蜂蜡在蜂巢内制造新细胞。本句中create做非谓语动词，表目的，故填不定式to create。【25题详解】考查介词。句意：人类在蜡烛、化妆品、昂贵的家具上光剂和其他产品中使用这种珍贵的蜂蜡。根据句意可知表示“在之中”应填介词in。【26题详解】考查冠词。句意：另一种有趣的社会性昆虫是蚂蚁。ant为可数名词，此处表示特指“蚂蚁”这种社会性昆虫，故填定冠词the。【27题详解】考查定语从句关
26、系词。句意：然后汁液被作为食物喂给年轻的蚂蚁和蚁后，蚁后的主要职责是产卵。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the queen，且先行词在从句中做定语，故填关系代词whose。【28题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些柔软的、被咀嚼过的叶子会长出一种真菌，工蚁用它来喂养蚁后和幼蚁。本句中chew做非谓语动词与逻辑主语leaves构成被动，故用过去分词chewed。【29题详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：让他们如此迷人是他们的组织。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，故填What。【30题详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：尽管每只昆虫都有特定的任务要完成，但整个蜂房或蜂群似乎是一个活的有机体。本句为让步状
27、语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”且位于句首，故填Although。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第九小题，考查名词性从句连接词。句意：让他们如此迷人的是他们的组织。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，故填What。Section B (10%)Directions: Complete the following passage
28、 by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. imbalance B. cultivating C. motivation D. criticize E. quality F. fullyG. definite H. significantly I. genetic J. lacked K. strengthenSome personal characteristics play a vital role in
29、the development of ones intelligence. After a 30-year follow-up study of 8, 000 males, American psychologists found out that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence itself, but non-intelligence factors. The so-called “non-intelligence factors” include ones feelings, will, _
30、31_, interests and habits.Though people all know that one should have _32_ objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents dont pay much attention to _33_ these factors.Some parents are greatly worried when their children fail to do well in their studies. T
31、hey blame either _34_ factors, malnutrition, or laziness, but they never take into consideration these non-intelligence factors. At the same time, some teachers dont inquire into these as reasons why students do poorly. They simply give them more courses and exercises, or even _35_ or laugh at them.
32、 After all, these students lose self-confidence. Some of them just feel defeated and give themselves up as hopeless. Others may go astray because they are sick of learning. An investigation of more than 1，000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46. 5 percent of them were afraid of learnin
33、g because of examination and 36. 4 percent _36_ persistence, initiative and conscientiousness.It is clear that the lack of cultivation of non-intelligence factors has been a main obstacle to intelligence development in teenagers. It even causes a(n) _37_ between physiological and psychological devel
34、opment among a few students.If we dont start now to _38_ the cultivation of non-intelligence factors, it will not only obstruct the development of the intelligence of teenagers, but also affect the _39_ of a whole generation. Some experts have put forward suggestions about how to cultivate students
35、non-intelligence factors.First, parents and teachers should _40_ understand teenage psychology. On this basic, they can help them to pursue the objectives of learning, exciting their interests and toughening their willpower.【答案】31. C 32. G 33. B 34. I 35. D 36. J 37. A 38. K 39. E 40. F【解析】这是一篇说明文。本
36、文说明了非智力因素对人们的影响。研究表明,非智力因素的缺乏培养已经成为青少年智力发展的主要障碍。它甚至在少数学生中造成生理和心理发展的不平衡。如果加强非智力因素的培养，不仅会阻碍青少年智力的发展，还会影响整个一代人的素质。一些专家提出了建议家长和老师应该充分了解青少年的心理。在此基础上，他们可以帮助他们追求学习的目标，激发他们的兴趣，磨练他们的意志力。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：所谓的“非智力因素”包括一个人的情感、意志、动机、兴趣和习惯。根据句意可知表示“动机”应填名词motivation。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然人们都知道，一个人应该有明确的目标，坚强的意志和良好的学
37、习习惯，相当多的老师和家长不重视培养这些因素。根据句意修饰名词objectives应用形容词definite“明确的；一定的”，故选G。【33题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然人们都知道，一个人应该有明确的目标，坚强的意志和良好的学习习惯，相当多的老师和家长不重视培养这些因素。to为介词后跟动名词做宾语，表示“培养”，故填cultivating。符合句意。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们将其归咎于基因因素、营养不良或懒惰，但他们从未考虑过这些非智力因素。根据句意修饰名词factors应用形容词genetic，表示“基因的”，符合句意。故选I。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：他们只是给
38、他们更多的课程和练习，甚至批评或嘲笑他们。根据下文laugh at them可知是批评或嘲讽，故填criticize“批评”，故选D。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：一项对上海1000多名中学生的调查显示，46.5%的中学生因考试而害怕学习，36.4%的中学生缺乏毅力、主动性和自觉性。根据句意可知表示“缺乏”，时态为一般过去时，故填lacked。故选J。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：它甚至在少数学生中造成生理和心理发展的不平衡。根据上文an可知填名词imbalance，表示“不平衡”，符合句意。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：如果我们现在不开始加强非智力因素的培养，不仅会阻碍青少年智力的发
39、展，还会影响整个一代人的素质。start后接动词不定式，根据句意可知表示“巩固；加强”应填动词strengthen。故选K。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：如果我们现在不开始加强非智力因素的培养，不仅会阻碍青少年智力的发展，还会影响整个一代人的素质。根据句意可知表示“素质”应填名词quality。作affect的宾语。故选E。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：首先，家长和老师应该充分了解青少年的心理。修饰动词understand应用副词，且表示“充分地；完全地”故填fully。符合句意。故选F。【答案】31. C 32. G 33. B 34. I 35. D 36. J 37. A 38. K 3
40、9. E 40. FIII. Reading Comprehension Section A (15%)Directions : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank “with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that over 50,000 pe
41、ople every year sustain some sort of winter-related back injury，and 5，800 of those are holiday decorating- _41_. These aches and pains can _42_ bring trouble to peoples life. It is said that peoples back could sustain all sorts of strain from carrying heavy _43_，and from the increased stress of lugg
42、ing suitcases, decorations and gifts. Dr. Alanna Levine spoke to Debbye Turner Bell on “The Early Show” about how to _44_ the back for the holiday season.The first _45_ Dr. Levine gave was about carrying heavy shopping bags. Smaller bags, she said, are better. “You dont want to load everything up in
43、to one bag and lug it around,” Dr. Levine explained. “You want to _46_ the weight on your body. ” She also _47_ putting heavier items towards the bottom in those bags and lighter items on top. Also, if you can, make frequent trips to the car to drop _48_ purchases._49_ can be another pain in the bac
44、kfrom carrying heavy luggage. Again, Dr. Levine _50_ not to pack everything into one bag. Even though it may cost more, she said that packing two smaller bags is safer than packing a heavy one. Also, choose a lightweight bag, so that the only weight youre carrying is the _51_ inside the suitcase.Whe
45、n unloading bags from an airport baggage claim, Dr. Levine suggested standing _52_ to the carousel (圆盘传送带) and bending your knees to lift it up. “You want to avoid that reach-and-lift. It puts a(n) _53_ on your lower back,” she said.When it _54_ holiday decorating, people take more _55_. Dr. Levine
46、suggested decorating in pairs, so that one person can hand the lights and ornaments to the other person to hang, thus avoiding reaching or twisting to get what you need.41. A. keptB. stayedC. relatedD. connected42. A. necessarilyB. undoubtedlyC. vitallyD. blindly43. A. productsB. purchasesC. toolsD.
47、 cases44. A. provideB. preventC. preserveD. protect45. A. tipB. wayC. methodD. step46. A. displayB. distributeC. distractD. discuss47. A. refusedB. recognizedC. rejectedD. recommended48. A. onB. inC. offD. out49. A. TravelB. HouseworkC. TaskD. Labor50. A. consideredB. thoughtC. wishedD. stressed51.
48、A. contractsB. contestsC. contentsD. contexts52. A. separatelyB. closeC. apartD. far53. A. burdenB. impressionC. pressureD. focus54. A. seems toB. goes toC. speaks toD. comes to55. A. timeB. risksC. effortsD. effect【答案】41. C 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54.
49、 D 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，每年有超过5万人遭受某种与冬季有关的背部损伤，其中5800人与节日装饰有关。这些病痛无疑会给人们的生活带来麻烦。因此Alanna Levine博士在“The Early Show”节目中向Debbye Turner Bell讲述了如何在假期保护背部的方法建议。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，每年有超过5万人遭受某种与冬季有关的背部损伤，其中5800人与节日装饰有关。A. kept保持；B. stayed停留；C. related有关；D. connected连接。根据n5，800 of
50、 those are holiday decorating可知，其中5800人与节日装饰有关。故选C。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些病痛无疑会给人们的生活带来麻烦。A. necessarily必要地；B. undoubtedly确实地；无疑 ；C. vitally极其；D. blindly盲目地。病痛肯定会给人们带来麻烦。故选B。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说，人们的背部承受着各种各样的压力，包括搬运沉重的物品，以及不断增加的行李箱子、装饰品和礼物的压力。A. products产品；B. purchases所购物；物品；C. tools工具；D. cases情况。根据下
51、文lugging suitcases, decorations and gifts可知都是购买的物品，故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alanna Levine博士在“The Early Show”节目中向Debbye Turner Bell讲述了如何在假期保护背部。A. provide提供；B. prevent阻止；C. preserve保存；D. protect保护。根据下文the back以及提出的具体建议可知，是保护背部，故选D。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Levine博士给出的第一个建议是提沉重的购物袋。A. tip建议；B. way道路；C. method方
52、法；D. step脚步。根据上文 about how to 4 the back for the holiday season.可知，是给出的建议。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱文博士解释说:“你别指望着把所有东西都装进一个袋子，然后拖来拖去。”“你想把重量分配到你的身体上。”A. display展示；B. distribute分配；C. distract分心；D. discuss讨论。根据下文putting heavier items towards the bottom in those bags and lighter items on top可知是在分配物品的重量。故
53、选B。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还建议将较重的物品放在包的底部，将较轻的物品放在顶部。A. refused拒绝；B. recognized认识；C. rejected不同意；D. recommended推荐；建议。根据putting heavier items towards the bottom in those bags and lighter items on top可知，此处是在提出建议，故选D。【48题详解】考查介词搭配。句意：此外，如果可以的话，可以经常开车去购物，这样可以减少一次性购物的数量。A. on在上面；B. in在里面；C. off脱离；D. out向外。根
54、据“make frequent trips to the car to”可知，可以经常开车去购物，这样可以减少一次性购物的数量。短语drop off“减少”。故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行可能是另一种搬运沉重行李造成的背部疼痛的原因。A. Travel旅行；B. Housework家务劳动；C. Task任务；D. Labor劳动。根据下文luggage可知是旅行。故选A。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莱文博士再次强调，不要把所有东西都装在一个袋子里。A. considered考虑；B. thought认为；C. wished希望；D. stressed强调。根据上
55、文You dont want to load everything up into one bag以及 pack everything into one bag可知，同样的建议又说了一遍，所以是强调。选D。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另外，选择一个轻便的包，这样你携带的唯一重量就是行李箱里的东西。A. contracts合同；B. contests竞赛；C. contents目录；东西；D. contexts上下文语境。根据常识可知，行李箱里装的肯定是东西。本句中content表示“东西；物品”。故选C。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：莱文博士建议，在机场行李提取处取行李时，站
56、在传送带附近，弯曲膝盖把行李抬起来。A. separately分别地；B. close紧密地；靠近地；C. apart与众不同地；D. far远地。根据 bending your knees to lift it up.可知此处表示“站的离传送带近一些”才能弯曲膝盖把行李抬起来，故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给你的背部下方增加了负担。A. burden负担；B. impression印象；C. pressure压力；D. focus中心。根据“You want to avoid that reach-and-lift. ”可知，不避免那种触手可及的感觉会给背部增加负担，故选A
57、。【54题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：说到节日装饰，人们会冒更多的风险。A. seems to似乎；B. goes to到；C. speaks to对说话；D. comes to说起；想起。固定短语when it comes to“当说到”。故选D。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：说到节日装饰，人们会冒更多的风险。A. time时间；B. risks风险；C. efforts努力；D. effect影响。根据上文winter-related back injury, and 5800 of those are holiday decorating-related.可知许多背部受伤都是和
58、节日装饰有关，因此人们在节日装饰时要冒更多的背部受伤风险。故选B。【点睛】完形填空故事类短文阅读是记叙文体的一种，主要描写一个故事发生的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。解这类时要注意：1. 掌握几种逻辑关系词考生在做这类题目是一定要很好地把握上下文逻辑关系，掌握常见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、因果、并列等逻辑关系的词，再根据上下文语境判断出最佳答案。2. 准确把握逻辑关系考生在做题过程中需要留意上下文，正确把握上下文之间的逻辑关系。逻辑关系涉及时间、条件、原因、转折等几个方面。正确理解文章的内容并把握逻辑关
59、系有助于考生准确地解答试题。如第15小题，根据上文winter-related back injury, and 5800 of those are holiday decorating-related.可知许多背部受伤都是和节日装饰有关，因此人们在节日装饰时要冒更多的背部受伤风险。故选B。3. 仔细体会作者的思想情感在解题过程中，考生要仔细体会作者所要表达的思想情感，不能按自己的想法去揣测文章中人物的心理活动。Section B (22%)Directions : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by s
60、everal questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One of the many interesting features of American society is the prestige granted to business
61、 institutions. Their status is arguably greater than that of any other kind of organization including, or perhaps especially, the government. What exactly is it about Americans that makes them place business on such a high social level and admire the successful business person so openly?One possible
62、 explanation could be that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the concept of competition than other institutions in their society. Fair and open competition is an ideal long cherished, one could even say deep rooted in American political and economic life. It is seen as the source
63、 of progress, prosperity and opportunity. In fact, in the American psyche, the importance of free competition goes even deeper than that； free competition is the means by which other defining values such as democracy and individual liberty are achieved and ensured.In American eyes, competition prote
64、cts the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly of power, either economic or political. As in politics, where the government is divided into branches, each with powers that offset those of the others, businesses compete against each other for profits. The idea being that if o
65、ne business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competitors who treat their customers more fairly. In theory, where many businesses compete for the customers dollars，the interests of the consumer will be paramount.Competition in business is also believed to strengthen th
66、e American ideal of equality of opportunity. It is seen as an open and beneficial contest where success goes to the fittest； to those most deserving of it. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on inherited status. In America, accomplishment in busines
67、s and the accumulation of wealth and power thereby is viewed in the same light as an aristocratic ancestry once was in the Old World.56. According to the passage, business achievement in America _.A. is losing the respect of the societyB. has always been highly regardedC. is second only to public se
68、rvice in social statusD. has been viewed differently over the years57. In the American view, who benefits from business competition?A. The wealthy.B. The government.C. The dishonest businessman.D. The society as a whole.58. Government and business are said to be similar for what reason?A. Both are c
69、onsidered untrustworthy.B. Both primarily benefit the wealthy.C. Both are based on competition.D. Both have a monopoly on power.59. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about what Americans believe?A. Competition is generally fair.B. Competition should be limited to business.C. Co
70、mpetition should be regulated by the government.D. Competition does not benefit the poor.【答案】56. B 57. D 58. C 59. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。描述了美国社会赋予商业机构的声望，美国人把商业放在如此高的社会地位，如此公开地钦佩成功的商人。其原因是商业竞争被视为整个社会进步、繁荣和机遇的源泉。并且政府和企业相似也是因为两者都基于竞争。商业竞争也被认为强化了美国的机会平等的理想。它被视为一场开放而有益的竞赛，成功属于适者生存;献给那些最值得的人。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中On
71、e of the many interesting features of American society is the prestige granted to business institutions. Their status is arguably greater than that of any other kind of organization including, or perhaps especially, the government.（美国社会的许多有趣特征之一，就是赋予商业机构的声望。他们的地位可以说比任何其他类型的组织都高，尤其包括政府。）可知商业成就在美国一直被高
72、度重视。故选B。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中It is seen as the source of progress, prosperity and opportunity. In fact, in the American psyche, the importance of free competition goes even deeper than that; free competition is the means by which other defining values such as democracy and individual liberty are achie
73、ved and ensured.（它被视为进步、繁荣和机遇的源泉。事实上，在美国人的心理中，自由竞争的重要性远不止于此;自由竞争是实现和确保民主和个人自由等其他确定价值的手段。）可知商业竞争被认为是社会进步、繁荣和机遇的源泉，因此可推断整个社会会从商业竞争中受益。故选D。【58题详解】细节理解题。第三段第二句As in politics, where the government is divided into branches, each with powers that offset those of the others, businesses compete against each
74、other for profits.（就像在政治领域，政府被划分为多个分支机构，每个分支机构的权力与其他分支机构的权力相抵消，企业之间为了利润而相互竞争。）可知政府和企业相似是因为两者都基于竞争。故选C。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Fair and open competition is an ideal long cherished, one could even say deep rooted in American political and economic life.（公平、公开的竞争是一种长期珍视的理想，甚至可以说深深植根于美国政治和经济生活之中。）可推断出美国人信仰竞争
75、一般是公平的。故选A。(B)To: David RodgersFrom: Mavis ChenSubject: getting back our old subscribersSince the marketing meeting yesterday, it occurred to me that we might be ignoring one potentially important source of subscribers. We have focused so intently on how to expand the appeal of our product to groups
76、 that have never used it before that Im afraid we may have overlooked the obvious； we may have forgotten that there is a whole group of interested people who have used it and stopped for one reason or another.This target group has particularly good potential because it consists of readers who have d
77、emonstrated interest in the subject matter we present. Their interest is not something we have to work to stimulate. I suggest that making a maximum effort to win these readers back will be more effective on a percentage basis than pursuing some of the other groups weve identified.Since these reader
78、s quit using our product once, they were most likely dissatisfied with some aspect of our presentation or our pricing. Our new product will be vastly improved over the old version and is priced more competitively. We need to do everything possible to get those points across, perhaps by sending them
79、a free issue and by asking for their opinions on how we might improve it even further. This could be in the form of a very short survey, either included with the free issue or accessible online.If you think this idea has merit and might be willing to authorize it, lets discuss it further when youve
80、got a few spare minutes. I have a rough draft of the survey questions I could show you.60. What kind of product is the writer referring to in the memo?A. A web-based information service.B. A magazine.C. A consulting service.D. Computer software.61. Why is the writer confident that they can win back
81、their old customers?A. Their product has no competition.B. Their product has changed dramatically.C. They have reduced the price of their productD. The need for their product has increased.62. What does the writer want to do?A. Start her plan immediately.B. Wait for input from the survey.C. Get Mr.
82、Rodgers approval.D. Present her idea in the next meeting.【答案】60. B 61. B 62. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。这是一封Mavis Chen写给David Rodgers先生关于改进杂志以赢得老客户电子邮件。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句This target group has particularly good potential because it consists of readers who have demonstrated interest in the subject matter we
83、present.（这个目标群体具有特别好的潜力，因为它由对我们提出的主题表现出兴趣的读者组成。）中reader“读者”可知作者在备忘录中提到的产品是一本杂志。故选B。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Our new product will be vastly improved over the old version and is priced more competitively.（我们的新产品将比旧产品有很大的改进，价格也更有竞争力。）可知作者相信他们能赢回老客户是因为他们的产品发生了巨大的变化。故选B。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句If you think this
84、idea has merit and might be willing to authorize it, lets discuss it further when youve got a few spare minutes.（如果您认为这个想法有价值，并且可能愿意批准它，那么当您有几分钟空闲时间时，让我们进一步讨论它。）由此判断出作者希望得到收件人Rodgers先生的批准。故选C。【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几
85、乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题1，根据第二段第一句This target group has particularly good potential because it consists of readers who have demonstrated interest in the subject matter we present.（这个目标群体具有特别好的潜力，因为它由对我们
86、提出的主题表现出兴趣的读者组成。）中reader“读者”可知作者在备忘录中提到的产品是一本杂志。故选B。(C)In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite
87、in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever common talk show the
88、mes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of societys moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other peoples lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey t
89、akes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individuals quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Je
90、rry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not f
91、or everyone. The shows main target audiences are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time，money, and stability to deal with lifes tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 to 21 year olds whose mai
92、n troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex，money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the shows exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a d
93、ifferent audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.63. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience _.A. remain indifferent to themB. are ready to face up
94、to themC. remain fascinated by themD. are willing to get involved in them64. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A. A new type of robot.B. Family budget planning.C. Racist hatred.D. Street violence.65. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are bo
95、th _.A. ironicB. instructiveC. sensitiveD. cynical66. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows _.A. are targeted at different audiencesB. exploit the weakness in human natureC. appear at different times of the dayD. have monopolized the talk show circuit【答案】63. C 64. B 65. B 66. A【解析】这是
96、一篇说明文。文章介绍了两种不同风格的电视谈话类节目。一个针对美国中产阶级，他们大多有金钱，有能力解决生活中的问题；一个针对社会阴暗面中存在的问题，更适合社会上的年轻人。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of societys moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other peoples lives.（很明显，Jerry Spri
97、nger节目是对社会道德灾难的一种展示和利用，然而，人们仍然愿意把别人生活中有趣的困境一饱眼福。）可知虽然Jerry Springer谈论的社会问题似乎令人反感，但观众仍然对它们着迷。故选C。【64题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individuals quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know y
98、our neighbors.（这个节目关注的是社会的进步和个人生活质量的提高。话题从教你的孩子的责任，管理你的工作周，到了解你的邻居。）分析选项A. A new type of robot.新型机器人；B. Family budget planning.家庭预算计划；C. Racist hatred.种族歧视；D. Street violence.街头暴力。可知B选项最符合Oprah Winfrey的话题。故选B。【65题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individuals quality
99、 of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.（这个节目关注的是社会的进步和个人生活质量的提高。话题从教你的孩子的责任，管理你的工作周，到了解你的邻居。）；以及倒数第三段最后一句Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.（希望大多数人都能在这部分学到一些非常有价值的东西。）
100、中可知Oprah Winfrey和Jerry Springer的脱口秀尽管他们的方法不同，这两个谈话节目都是有启发性的。故选B。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中The shows main target audiences are middle-class Americans.（该剧的主要观众是中产阶级美国人。）可知Oprah Winfrey的目标观众是中产阶级；以及下文Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society.（另一方面，Jerry S
101、pringer与社会上的年轻人有更多的联系。）可知Jerry Springer的观众是社会年轻人居多。故判断出这两个谈话节目针对不同的观众。故选A。Section C (8%)Directions : Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.First Impressions Cou
102、ntTraditionally uniforms wereand for some industries still are - manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sensethose for the military, for example, were originally intended to impress and even terrify the enemy； other unifor
103、ms denoted a hierarchy._67_ Particularly in “customer facing” industries, and especially in financial services and retailing. From uniforms and workwear has emerged “corporate clothing”. “The people you employ are your ambassadors,” says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK
104、. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is terribly important. ” The result is a new way of looking at corporate workwear. From being a simple means of identifying who is a member of the staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication._68_ Wittingly or unwitti
105、ngly, how we look sends all sorts of powerful subliminal messages to other people. Dark colors give an aura of authority while lighter pastel shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism, others a sense of openness to new ideas. Neatness can suggest efficiency
106、but, if it is overdone, it can spill over and indicate an obsession with power._69_ On the one hand, no uniform will work if the staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. Giving the wearers a choice has become a key element in the way corporate clothing is introduced and managed. On the other, it is pointle
107、ss if the look doesnt express the businesss marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human perceptions，first impressions count. Customers will size up the way the staff look in just a few seconds and that few seconds will color their attitudes from then on
108、. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to invest years, and millions of pounds, getting them right._70_ Some banks have yet to introduce a full corporate look； police forces are researching a complete new look for the 21st century. And many employees now welcome a co
109、mpany wardrobe. A recent survey of the staff found that 90 percent welcomed having clothing which reflected the corporate identity. A. Chefs wore white because they work with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he supervised.B. Huge investments have been made in new systems, informatio
110、n technology and amassing quality assurance accreditations.C. A successful uniform needs to balance two key sets of needs.D. Truly effective marketing through visual cues such as uniforms is a subtle art, however.E. Corporate clothing does have potential for further growth.F. The last 30 years, howe
111、ver, have seen an increasing emphasis on their role in protecting the image of an organization and in uniting the workforce into a homogeneous unit.【答案】67. F 68. D 69. C 70. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是制服的由来和在当代的发展，以及制服的作用。【67题详解】根据上文When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made sym
112、bolic sense-those for the military, for example, were originally intended to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms denoted a hierarchy.（当它们最初被设计出来的时候，也很可能所有的制服都具有象征意义例如那些为军队设计的制服，最初是为了给敌人留下深刻印象，甚至是恐吓他们;其他制服表示等级制度。）可知制服最初因为其具有象征意义，并不被人重视。根据下文From being a simple means of identifying who i
113、s a member of the staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.（制服从一种简单的识别员工身份的方法，逐渐成为一种新的营销传播渠道。）可知人们对待制服的态度有了转变，制服开始象征一个组织的形象并发挥了将工作人员团结成一个同质单位方面的作用。故F选项“然而，在过去的30年里，人们越来越重视他们在保护组织形象和将员工团结成一个同质单位方面的作用”符合语境。故选F项。【68题详解】根据下文Wittingly or unwittingly, how we look sends al
114、l sorts of powerful subliminal messages to other people.（无论有意还是无意，我们的外表都会向他人传递各种强大的潜意识信息。）可知制服带给人们的是一种很微妙的视觉艺术。故D选项“然而，通过制服等视觉线索进行真正有效的营销是一门微妙的艺术。”符合语境，故选D。【69题详解】根据下文On the one hand, no uniform will work if the staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. Giving the wearers a choice has become a key element i
115、n the way corporate clothing is introduced and managed. On the other, it is pointless if the look doesnt express the businesss marketing strategy.（一方面，如果员工感到不舒服或难看，就不会穿制服。给穿着者一个选择已经成为企业服装引进和管理的一个关键因素。另一方面，如果外观不能体现企业的营销策略，那就毫无意义。）可知描述了一个成功的制服需要平衡两种关键的需求。故C选项“一个成功的制服需要平衡两种关键的需求”符合语境。故选C。【70题详解】根据下文Som
116、e banks have yet to introduce a full corporate look; police forces are researching a complete new look for the 21st century.（一些银行尚未推出完整的企业形象;警察部队正在研究面向21世纪的全新面貌。）可推知企业服装有进一步增长的潜力。故E选项“企业服装有进一步增长的潜力”符合语境。故选E。IV. Summary Writing (10%)71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea a
117、nd the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own -words as far as possible.China accounts for almost 22 percent of the worlds population and is one of the worlds largest and most rapidly growing economies. However, it has only 10 percent of the worlds total cultivated area
118、 and is having increasing difficulties in securing water for agricultural purposes.Despite population growing at an average rate of around one percent a year and its economy at around 9 percent a year since the early 1990s，China has so far maintained approximate self- sufficiency in agricultural pro
119、ducts overall, in the sense that exports have been approximately matching imports. In fact, China has been the worlds fourth largest importer after the European Union, the United States and Japan.The ability of Chinas agriculture to keep pace with growing demand reflects a few key factors. Yield imp
120、rovements have been achieved through more intensive use of inputs such as fertilizers, agricultural machinery and irrigation, and the introduction of advanced technologies in agricultural production.The Chinese government has had a policy of agricultural self-sufficiency. However, Chinas membership
121、of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since 2001 could signal a greater preparedness to accept imports and embrace opportunities provided by export markets. Importantly, however, more than three decades of reforms have permitted the market to have a greater influence on what farmers are producing an
122、d selling. Reflecting these factors，China has been gradually shifting its agricultural production away from land intensive products，such as cereals, toward higher value, labor intensive products such as meat, fruit, vegetables, eggs, milk, fish and seafood. That is, China is producing more in line w
123、ith its comparative advantage._【答案】China has fed the largest population in the world with its limited cultivated land and has maintained self-sufficiency. Some uses of inputs and advanced technologies have led to agricultural improvement. Since China joined WTO, it has imported more from other count
124、ries and it also has shifted its agricultural production from low value to higher value.【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。【详解】写作步骤1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了中国以其有限的耕地养活了世界上最多的人口，并保持了自给自足。一些投入和先进技术的使用使农业不断发展。中国加入世贸组织以来，从其他国家进口的农产品越来越多，农业生产也从低价值向高价值转变。2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，
125、将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬（4）不排斥用原文某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。V. Transla
126、tion (15%)Directions : Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.72. 不断增加的世界人口对地球上有限的资源而言是一种极大的消耗。(drain)_73. 做医生需要极大的责任心，因为它事关生死差别。(mean)_74. 缺乏实践的大学毕业生不太可能马上找到高薪的工作。(chance)_75. 一个优秀的学习者会通过不断反思过去的学习经历来找到最适合自己的学习方法。 (reflect)_【答案】72. The increasing world p
127、opulation is a great drain on the limited resources on the earth. 73. Working as a doctor calls for / involves / takes a great sense of responsibility for it means difference between life and death. 74. There is little chance that a university graduate without any practical experience can finds a jo
128、b with high pay. 75. An excellent learner will find the most suitable learning method by constantly reflecting on his past / previous learning experiences.【解析】【72题详解】考查固定短语和时态。短语a great drain“极大的消耗”；短语limited resources“有限的资源”。且根据句意应用一般现在时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为The increasing world population is a great drain
129、 on the limited resources on the earth.。【73题详解】考查固定短语，非谓语动词，时态。本句为动名词做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。短语call for/involve/take a great sense of responsibility“需要极大的责任心”。根据句意需用一般现在时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为Working as a doctor calls for / involves / takes a great sense of responsibility for it means difference between life and
130、death.。【74题详解】考查固定句式和时态。句型There is little chance that“不太可能”，短语without any practical experience“缺乏实践”。 且根据句意为描述客观事实应用一般现在时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为There is little chance that a university graduate without any practical experience can finds a job with high pay.。【75题详解】考查固定短语和时态。短语reflect on“反思；反省”。本句做介词by的宾语需要用动
131、名词形式，且根据句意为描述客观事实应用一般将来时。再根据其它汉语提示，故译为An excellent learner will find the most suitable learning method by constantly reflecting on his past / previous learning experiences.。VI. Guided Writing (25%)76.Directions : Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below
132、in Chinese.假如你是李华，现任你们学校的学生会主席。你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召全校 同学行动起来，为环保运动做出自己的努力。同时，下周六学校将组织同学在全市进行环保宣传活动，现征召志愿者到校学生会报名。注意:(1)短文应包括以上所提供的主要信息，可适当 发挥; (2)词数:120150; (3)倡议书格式以及开头已提供，不计人总词数；(4)参考词汇: recruit 征召(新人)。Dear brothers and sisters，As the annual Tree Planting Day is approaching, it once again reminds us
133、of the environ-mental protection campaign._【答案】As the annual Tree Planting day is approaching，it once again reminds us of the environmental protection campaign. Stepping into the 21st century, we are experiencing the rapid development of economy and technology. However, beneficial as it may seem, it
134、 also has cast a spotlight on the environmental problem, which is going from bad to worse. The polluted air, water and food are threatening peoples health, putting all the human beings on the edge of death.Therefore, its really high time that we took timely actions to protect our common homeland. He
135、reby, the Students Union appeals to all the students to spare no efforts to protect the environment, starting with some small things, not only for ourselves, but also for our offspring and others around us. Despite the fact that the current situation leaves much to be desired, we arent supposed to f
136、ind excuses to show disregards for the environment and should remember: One more effort can make a difference!Whats more, with the view to responding to this campaign, our school has decided to organize the students to publicize the concept of environmental protection around the city next Saturday.
137、The Students Union is recruiting participants these days. Whoever shows any interest can come and join us!Yours sincerelyLi HuaUniversity Students Union【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一份倡议书；假如你是李华，现任你们学校的学生会主席。你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召全校同学行动起来，为环保运动做出自己的努力。同时，下周六学校将组织同学在全市进行环保宣传活动，现征召志愿者到校学生会报名。第2步：根据写作
138、要求，确定关键词（组），如：the annual Tree Planting day（年度植树节），remind of（提醒），step into（进入）；cast a spotlight on（集中注意力于），threaten（威胁）；on the edge of death（死亡边缘）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如However, benefici
139、al as it may seem, it also has cast a spotlight on the environmental problem, which is going from bad to worse.运用了非限定性定语从句；The polluted air, water and food are threatening peoples health, putting all the human beings on the edge of death.非谓语动词的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
