1、阶段仿真检测（一）A卷学业水平达标【说明】本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) AResearchers believe that the insect is better at managing congestion (拥挤) than humans.Ants are the most numerous type of animal on Earth with brains that contain about 250,000 cells the largest among insects.Now collective intelligenc
2、e expert Dr.Dirk Helbing says understanding more about ants could help solve one of the headaches of modern life road congestion.His team set up an “ant motorway” with two routes of different widths from the nest to some sugar syrup (糖浆). Soon the narrower route became congested. But when an ant ret
3、urning along the congested route to the nest collided with another ant just starting out, the returning ant pushed the newcomer onto the other path. However, if the returning ant had enjoyed a troublefree journey it did not redirect the newcomer.The result was that just before the shortest route bec
4、ame clogged the ants were diverted (转移) to another route and traffic jams never formed.The researchers also created a computer model of more complex ant networks with routes of different lengths. The team found that even though ants being rerouted sometimes took a longer route, they still got to the
5、 food quickly and efficiently.Dr.Helbing, of the Dresden University of Technology in Germany, said that while you cannot allow cars to collide with vehicles coming in the opposite direction as a form of traffic control, you could do the next best thing and allow them to communicate.His plan is to fo
6、rce cars traveling in one direction to tell oncoming vehicles what traffic conditions they are about to encounter so they can take evasive (回避的) action if necessary.1The first paragraph implies that_.Aants are clever and good at dealing with traffic jams because of developed brain functionBants have
7、 a special way to manage congestionCinsects are similar to animals in dealing with traffic jams because of developed brain functionDinsects have more advantages than humans解析：选A在昆虫中蚂蚁大脑的细胞最多，所以比较聪明，擅长处理交通问题。2The underlined word “clogged” can be replaced by _ in the following four words.AcleanedBcrow
8、dedCnarrowed Dshortened解析：选B语境为：在最近的路线变得拥堵之前，蚂蚁就转向了另外一条路线，如此，“交通堵塞”永远不会出现。由此可知画线词为“拥挤”之意。3If an ant returns along the crowded route to the nest, how will the ant solve the traffic problem?AThe ant will change the direction of its own.BThe ant will stop the newcomer from moving ahead and force the ne
9、wcomer to wait here patiently.CThe ant cant redirect the newcomer.DThe ant will push the newcomer to the other route, so traffic jams wont form.解析：选D由第三段的第三句话可知答案。4Whats the advice that Dr.Helbing gives us?AThe cars cannot be allowed to communicate with vehicles coming in the opposite direction.BThe
10、 cars can communicate with vehicles in the same direction.CThe cars travel in one direction and tell oncoming vehicles about the traffic conditions.DWe should build more routes of different lengths and widths.解析：选C由最后一段可知答案。BHow can a parent help to foster healthy selfesteem in a child? Here are som
11、e tips that can make a big difference：Watch what you say. Children are very sensitive to parents words. Remember to praise your child not only for a job well done, but also for effort.But be truthful. For example, if your child doesnt make the soccer team, avoid saying something like, “Well, next ti
12、me youll work harder and make it.” Instead, say something like “Well you didnt make the team, but Im really proud of the effort you put into it.”Be a positive role model. If you are excessively harsh (严酷的) on yourself, pessimistic, or unrealistic about your abilities and limitations. Your child may
13、eventually mirror you. Raise your own selfesteem, and your child will have a great role model.Identify and redirect your childs inaccurate beliefs. Its important for parents to identify kids irrational beliefs about themselves, whether they are about perfection, attractiveness, ability, or anything
14、else. Helping your child set more accurate standards and be more realistic in evaluating himself or herself will help your child have a more healthy selfconcept. For example, a child who does very well in school but struggles with math may say, “I cant do math. Im a bad student.” Not only is this a
15、false generalization, but its also a belief that will set your child up for failure. Encourage your child to see the situation in its true light. A helpful response might be：“You are a good student. You do well in school. Math is just a subject that you need to spend more time on. Well work on it to
16、gether.”Help your child become involved in constructive experiences. Activities that encourage cooperation rather than competition are especially helpful in fostering selfesteem. For example, mentoring (辅导的) programs in which an older child helps a younger one learn to read can do wonders for both c
17、hildren.5The passage mainly gives advice on_.Ahow to set up a good parentchild relationBhow to raise your childs selfesteemChow to make a difference to your childs lifeDhow to help your child set up healthy selfesteem解析：选D主旨大意题。综观全文，特别是从文章第一段可知，本文介绍的是应该怎样培养孩子健康的自尊心而不是提高孩子的自尊心。因此不选B。6According to the
18、 passage, you can praise your child_.Aonly when he succeedsBif he has tried his bestCwhether he succeeds or failsDfor his effort instead of good outcome解析：选B细节理解题。文章第一部分介绍表扬孩子不仅因为他做得好，还要表扬他付出的努力。7In order to set a good role model, a parent should be_.Avery strict with himself or herselfBconfident of
19、 his or her own abilityCoptimistic and realisticDblind to his or her limitation解析：选C推理判断题。从文章第二部分判断，父母如果太严酷，太悲观以及不切实际都会对孩子造成不良影响。8The underlined word “irrational” in part three probably means “_”AunreasonableBunclearCdoubtful Dpractical解析：选A词义猜测题。从单词所在句后面的句子“要帮助孩子树立正确的标准，要让他/她对自己有现实的评价”可推出，单词的意思与后文表
20、达的意思相反，因此单词的意思是“不合理的”。CLife is difficult.It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it. Then life is no longer difficult.Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties re
21、present a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness or, loneliness or regret
22、 or anger or fear.These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems
23、 are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. A
24、s Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.9From the passage, it can be inferred that _.Aeverybody has problemsBwe become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of lifeClife is diffi
25、cult because our problems bring us painDpeople like to complain about their problems解析：选B推理判断题。文章告诉了人们这样一个道理：生活是艰难的，但艰难的生活是有意义的。10The main idea of paragraph three is that _.Amost people feel life is easyBthe writer feels life is easyCthe writer likes to complain about his problemsDmost people compla
26、in about how hard their lives are解析：选D主旨大意题。从第三段的第一句和第二句话得出答案：人们经常抱怨生活的艰辛。11The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct” suggest that _.Awe do not learn from experienceBwe do not learn when we are painCpain teaches us important lessonsDpain cannot be avoided解析：选C细节理解题。从文中的“It
27、 is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn”一句话可以得出答案。12What kind of feeling is not caused by problems?ASadness and fear.BLoneliness and anger.CRegret and pain.DOther problems and joy.解析：选D细节理解题。由第四段可知，问题可以带给人们sadness，loneliness，regret，anger或fear以及pain，但却不会给人们带来快乐。D(新课标全国卷
28、) The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece
29、of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Camb
30、ridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Win
31、ning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and
32、the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http：/cambridgesciencefestival. org.语篇解读：本文介绍了剑桥科学节好奇心挑战活动的相关信息。13Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?ASchool students.BCambridge locals.CCSF winners.DMIT artists.解析：选A细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句“
33、The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to .”可知，该项目是让学生来参赛的。14When will the prizegiving ceremony be held?AOn February 8th.BOn March 10th.COn March 15th.DOn April 21st.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段的前两句可知，4月21日将举行一个颁奖活动，为获奖者颁奖。15What type of writing is this text?AAn exhibition
34、 guide.BAn art show review.CAn announcement.DAn official report.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文介绍了剑桥科学节好奇心挑战活动的目的、参赛者的情况、颁奖的时间、提交作品的日期等，由此可判断本文是一则通知。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesnt mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, youll have to
35、stand up and say problem, I dont want you in my life._16_ Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes, colors and feelings.
36、But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.Talk about your problems. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. _17_ Talking helps you move on and let go. Write your problems.
37、_18_ When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.Dont lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, do
38、nt lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family . you should still have faith. _19_Your problems arent the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, therere another one million people whose problems are huger than yours._20_ Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in re
39、ality they can be removed.Go about and solve your problems because every problem，however big or small, always has a way out.A. But the truth is that when you talk about it, youre setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.BWhen we have a pressing, critical, urgent, and li
40、fethreatening problem, how do we try to solve it?CTell yourself: when they can deal with them, why cant I?DOf course, weve been fighting troubles ever since we were born.EWe can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.FHaving a personal diary can also be of huge hel
41、p if you dont want a real person to talk with.GWith faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.答案：1620DAFGC.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)I remember a very special doctor named William RVincent. When I was eight years old I was with a(n) _21_ heart problem and I needed heart operation. My m
42、om did not have the _22_ to have it done, but without the operation I _23_ not live to be 13 years old. After _24_ in touch with several organizations, Dr Vincent was _25_ to get financial (金融的) help for me.Dr Vincent was very _26_ and caring. I remember when I was in the hospital for a _27_ before
43、operation, I was crying loudly. So the medical workers _28_ Dr Vincent to calm me down, and he was able to _29_ me when no one else could. _30_ the time came for me to have heart operation; there was a fiftypercent chance that I would not make it through the operation. _31_ I was only the second or
44、third person to have it.I was really _32_， and again Dr Vincent reassured me he would see to it that _33_ would be all right.Fortunately, the operation was _34_ painful but very successful. Dr Vincent came to see me and _35_ me a lovely animal. I was so surprised to get this _36_ from Dr Vincent; I
45、gave him a hug. I had a wonderful doctor who _37_ the time to help a scared little girl who felt all _38_. This was 28 years ago, but wherever Dr Vincent are, I want to thank him for not only _39_ my life, but helping me live a(n) _40_ productive life.21A.seriousBdeadlyCheavy Dstrange解析：选A从下文中“I nee
46、ded heart operation”的情况看，这里是“serious heart problem”。其中deadly“致命的”；heavy“沉重的”；strange“奇怪的”，这些意思均不符合题意。22A.will BpatienceCmoney Denergy解析：选C根据下文中“get financial help”可以知道，这里指妈妈没有钱，而不是没有“毅力、耐心或精力”。23A.should BwouldCshall Dmust解析：选B此处是过去将来时态的情景。本句的意思是“不做手术就会活不到13岁”。should和shall“应该”；must“必须”，都不符合上下文的意思。24
47、A.keeping BlosingCholding Dgetting解析：选D结合本句后面的“several organizations”和“get financial help”，这里是指“和几个组织取得联系之后”，get in touch with“和取得联系”符合题意。25A.able BreadyCeager Dhappy解析：选A此处说明Dr Vincent具备这种能力。be able to do sth.意思是“能够做某事”；be ready to do sth.“准备做某事”；be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”；be happy to do sth.“高兴做某事
48、”。根据它们的意思，A项符合这里的情景。26A.quiet BrichChonest Dgentle解析：选D结合下文Dr Vincent对“我”的言行举止来看，Dr Vincent是一位“温文尔雅、善良而且有耐心的”人，所以用gentle来形容他很恰当。27A.check BresearchCtest Dwatch解析：选C根据“before operation”可知，此处是指做手术之前“test”。check“检查，核实”；research“研究”；watch“观看”；test“检验，测试”，侧重于通过一定的技术、仪器等手段。28A.called on Bcalled atCcalled
49、up Dcalled in解析：选D从上文中的“I was crying”到下文中的“Dr Vincent to calm me down”可知，“我”哭的时候Dr Vincent并不在场，所以这时是“call in”。call on指“拜访某人”；call at指“拜访某地”；call up有“打电话”的意思；call in在此处的意思是“请进来”。29A.prevent BcomfortCprotect Dmove解析：选B上文中的“.to calm me down”是重要的解题线索；所以选comfort(安慰)；而prevent“阻止”；protect“保护”；move“移动”，这些均和
50、上下文的意思不符。30A.Later BHoweverCInstead DLuckily解析：选A联系上文中的“have a test”可知，“后来”(later)才到了做手术的时间。这四个词都是副词，later“后来”；luckily“幸运地”；instead“代替”；however“然而”，表示转折。根据上下文的逻辑关系及意义，这里指“后来”。 31A.At times BIn timeCAt the time DIn no time解析：选Cat times“有时候”；in time“及时地”；at the time“那时候”；in no time“马上”。根据上下文语境，“我”在那时是
51、“the second or third person to have it”。32A.surprised BfrightenedCsatisfied Ddelighted解析：选B根据本段中的“I was crying”以及“I was only the second or third person to have it.”等内容都可以看出“我”是害怕的(frightened)。33A.nothing BanythingCsomething Deverything解析：选D根据本句中的“Dr Vincent reassured me he would see to it that . ”，是
52、想说明一切(everything)都会好的。其他选项和此处的语境不一致。34A.extremely BspeciallyCfairly Dhardly解析：选A根据后面“.but very successful”所表示出的逻辑关系，说明手术是“十分”(extremely)痛苦地。35A.took BcarriedCbrought Dheld解析：选C从上文能够推测出，这里是指Dr Vincent给我“带来”(bring)一个可爱的小动物。take强调“拿走”；carry侧重“携带”；hold“拿着”。36A.thing BawardCsupport Dgift解析：选D联系上文中的“broug
53、ht me a lovely animal”，和下文中的“I gave him a hug”可以选出正确选项。37A.made BtookClost Dwasted解析：选B根据后面的“the time”知道，这里指“花费”(take)时间；A、C和D项均不符合题意。38A.alone BstrangeCcomfortable Dsick解析：选A根据上文中的“a scared little girl”，说明这里作者手术后没人陪伴，其感觉是“孤单的”(alone)。39A.giving BsavingCsending Dpassing解析：选B结合“This was 28 years ago”
54、说明这位医生当年“拯救”了作者的性命；save ones life是“救了某人的命”。此处描述了作者的感受，也是全文的一个总结。40A.common BusualCnormal Dordinary解析：选C这里是指过正常的(normal)生活。common“常见的”；usual“通常的”；normal“正常的”；ordinary“普通的”。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Last summer, my friend and I hired a car and headed for Toronto. We didnt book a hotel room as it was a
55、t the beginning of September and we thought it would be easy for us _41_ (find) a hotel.We _42_ (drive) for five hours when the weather changed and it looked like a thunderstorm was coming. We got lost and both were exhausted _43_ I saw an old lady parking her car. I stopped and asked if she knew a
56、hotel nearby. She said there was a hotel down the road, _44_ it would have been closed. The _45_ (love) old lady looked at me I must have had a really anxious look on my face, and said, “Why dont you girls just stay the night at _46_ house? Ill cook for you.”We ended up going to _47_ little island i
57、n Lake Muskoka, where her husband was just working on his boat. We slept in the comfortable beds they built _48_ their kids and grandchildren, and they cooked for us. We stayed at their house for three nights _49_ all and also met their friends. Those days were the _50_ (good) part of our threeweek
58、trip! We were glad that we got lost and met the old lady.答案：41.to find42.had been driving43.when44.but45.lovely46.my47.a48.for49.in50best.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)My uncle was the biology professor. When I was young he was used to take me to the biology lab, when I saw pigs, cats and other animals. My
59、 uncle also influenced me through nature walks. He often takes me for a walk in the backyard. We would catch frogs and snake, and find fireflies in the sky. He seemed know everything about wildlife. Eighteen years later, think about my uncle and her influence on my life, I feel very lucky. I am grat
60、eful that I got the chance to learn for him. He helped me develop my interest in all that was alive and sometimes death around me.答案：第一句：thea第二句：去掉was; whenwhere第四句：takestook第五句：snakesnakes第六句：know前加to第七句：thinkthinking; herhis第八句：forfrom第九句：deathdead.书面表达(共1题；满分25分)假定你是李华，得知一所英语学校招聘助教，帮助外教组织教学。请你用英语
61、给该校写一封邮件应聘。内容主要包括：1口语能力；2组织能力；3沟通能力。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3邮件的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Sir/Madam，Ive learned a teaching assistant for foreign teachers is wanted in your school._Best wishes!Yours sincerely，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Sir/Madam，Ive learned a teaching assistant for foreign teachers is wanted
62、in your school. Im writing to apply for the job.First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. Whats more, years of experience of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help me a lot to keep the class in ord
63、er. The most important factor is that I love kids, and Im confident that my patience and care will undoubtedly win their trust.All in all, I think my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will make me a qualified teaching assistant. Id appreciate it if you could take my application into consid
64、eration.Best wishes!Yours sincerely，Li HuaB卷能力素养提升【说明】本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) ASince Henry Ford turned it into a massmarket product a century ago, the car has delivered many benefits. It has promoted economic growth, increased social mobility and given people a lot of fun. But th
65、e car has also brought many problems. It pollutes the air, creates traffic jams and kills people. An astonishing 1.24 million people die, and as many as 50 million are hurt, in road accidents each year.Drivers and passengers waste around 90 billion hours in traffic jams each year. In some carchoked
66、cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.Fortunately, a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to holdups. “Connected cars” which may eventually develop into driverless cars but for the foreseeable future w
67、ill still have a human at the wheel can communicate wirelessly with each other and with traffic management systems, avoid walkers and other vehicles and find open parking spots. Some parts of the transformation are already in place. Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets the
68、m keep their distance and stay in a motorway automatically at a range of speeds. Soon, all new cars in Europe will have to be able to warn the emergency services if their onboard sensors (传感器) discover a crash. Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows durin
69、g rush hours; Britain is pioneering “smart motorways”， whose speed limits vary constantly to achieve a_similar_effect. These new inventions could create a much more highly effective system in which cars and their drivers are constantly warned of dangers and showed the ways. Traffic always flows at t
70、he proper speed and vehicles can travel closer together, yet with less risk of crashing.In the past, more people driving meant more roads, more jams, more death and more pollution. In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.语篇解读：文章主要介绍了未来的
71、汽车。汽车给人们带来方便之余，也给人们的生活带来了许多问题，甚至威胁到了人们的生命和安全。幸运的是，一项新科技有望减少污染和拥堵，并使驾驶变得更安全。1According to Paragraph 2, the problem of parking has resulted in _.Amore time on the roadBa great waste of fuelCeven heavier traffic jamsDincreased death and injuries解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段“In some carchoked cities as much as a thi
72、rd of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.”可知，在一些拥挤的城市里，寻找停车位所耗费的汽油占汽油使用量的三分之一，说明停车造成大量汽油的浪费，故选B。2What does “a similar effect” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AReducing traffic jams.BBuilding smart motorways.CSetting proper speed limits.DKeeping steady traffic flows.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据
73、本段“Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours”可知，新加坡通过使用浮动的道路通行费来疏导车流，英国也正在采取措施来取得类似的效果，故选D。3What is the authors attitude towards connected cars?ACurious. BDoubtful.CSupportive. DDisappointed.解析：选C观点态度题。根据第四段“These new inventions could creat
74、e a much more highly effective system”和第五段“In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.”可知，作者认为这种新的发明能创造出一种更有效的交通体制，在带给人们驾车的乐趣的同时，也会减少事故带来的伤痛，说明作者对这项发明是支持的，故选C。4Which of the following can be the best title of the text?AThe Future of Cars: W
75、ireless WheelsBThe Future Traffic Management SystemCThe Benefits and Problems of CarsDThe Promising Future of Car Production解析：选A标题归纳题。根据第三段“a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to holdups. Connected cars which may eventually develop into driverless cars
76、”和第四段“Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance”和第五段“In future, the connected car could offer .less of the pain.”可知，文章主要讲的是未来的汽车，而不是未来的交通管理系统。故选A。BIf you have an allergy to some food, even a very tiny bit of food can make you sick. Lots of kids have foo
77、d allergies about 3 million in the United States alone.The foods that cause the most food allergies include peanuts and other nuts; seafood, such as shrimp; milk, particularly cows milk; eggs; wheat.What Is a Food Allergy?Food allergies occur when your immune system makes a mistake. Usually, your im
78、mune system protects you from germs and disease. It does this by making antibodies that help you fight off bacteria, viruses, and other tiny organisms that can make you sick. But if you have a food allergy, your immune system mistakenly treats something in a certain food as if its really dangerous t
79、o you.Whats a Reaction Like?In the most serious cases, a food allergy can cause anaphylaxis (过敏症). This is a sudden, severe allergic reaction in which several problems occur all at once and can involve the skin, breathing, digestion, the heart and blood vessels. A persons blood pressure can drop, br
80、eathing tubes can narrow and the tongue can swell. People at risk for this kind of reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies, when they might need to get special medicine to stop these symptoms from getting worse.What Will the Doctor Do?If you think you may be allergi
81、c to a certain food, let your parents know. They will take you to the doctor to get it checked out. If your doctor thinks you might have a food allergy, he or she will probably send you to see a doctor who specializes in allergies. The allergy specialist will ask you about past reactions and how lon
82、g it takes between eating the food and getting the symptom, such as hives. The allergist also may ask about whether anyone else in your family has allergies or other allergyrelated conditions. The allergist may also want to do a skin test. This is a way of seeing how your body reacts to a very small
83、 amount of the food that is giving you trouble.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了食物过敏症的一些知识，包括食物过敏症的症状及其应对措施等。5According to the passage, you will have a food allergy when your immune system _.Arecognizes tiny organisms in a certain foodBmistakenly makes antibodies to help fight off something in a certain foodCprev
84、ents something harmful in the food from entering your digestive systemDreleases chemicals to remove harmful things in a certain food解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But if you have . dangerous to you.”可知，当你过敏时，你的免疫系统会误认为某种食物中的某种物质是有害物质而产生抗体。故选B项。6In the sudden and severe allergic reaction, which of the followin
85、g may happen?ABlood pressure rising.BLips swelling.CBreathing difficulty.DHeart beating becoming slow.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“This is a sudden . and blood vessels.”及下一句中的“breathing tubes can narrow”可知，过敏严重时可能会使呼吸管变窄，出现呼吸困难。故选C项。7Which of the following suggestions is given to those at risk of severe alle
86、rgic reaction?ATaking medicine as soon as an allergic reaction appears.BAvoiding eating any food when going outside.CAlways carrying with special medicine for possible symptoms.DPreparing a plan for dealing with emergencies ahead of time.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“People at risk for this kind of reactio
87、n have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies”可知，过敏者应提前做好应对突发事件的准备。故选D项。8What will an allergist do to check your food allergy out?AAsk you about the allergyassociated information.BGive you some medicine right away.CEnquire about your present feeling towards the food.DGive you a
88、shot of liquid extract of food.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段第四、五句“The allergy specialist . or other allergyrelated conditions.”可知，过敏症专科医师会询问一些与过敏反应相关的问题。故答案为A项。CStressed? It is shown in recent research that walking or cycling to work calms you down (traveling by bus or train is also better than driving)“Walking
89、 to work reduces stress and improves brain power，” researchers say. Adults who stopped driving the car and started walking or cycling became calmer and found it easier to concentrate. A study of 18,000 Britons found that going to work by train or bus improved their wellbeing compared with driving.Th
90、e study, published in the journal Preventive Medicine, also found that the longer people spent walking or cycling, the happier or less stressed they were. However, stress levels and inability to concentrate worsened if they spent more time in the car.Lead researcher Adam Martin, from the University
91、of East Anglias Norwich Medical School, said that despite the crowds and disruption, walking to bus stops or stations and being able to relax on the journey “cheer people up”. Two thirds drive to work, 18 percent use public transport, 11 percent walk and 3 percent cycle.A research earlier this year
92、found that commuters (乘公共车辆往返者) had small but statistically significant lower scores on all measures of wellbeing. The worst effects were witnessed in those whose journeys last between 61 and 90 minutes. But when commuting time reaches three hours or more, the negative effects disappeared, the repor
93、t said.“The effects of commuting on personal wellbeing are the greatest for anxiety and happiness, suggesting that commuting affects daytoday emotions more than overall evaluations of satisfaction with life or the sense that daily activities are worthwhile，” the report stated.Dr Daniel Newman, from
94、Cardiff Universitys Sustainable Places Research Institute, said, “This report says that many of us, who spend mornings and evenings sitting in traffic jam, already know: commuting can be a chore.”语篇解读：研究表明，骑车或步行上班有助于排解压力，提高幸福指数。9What can be learned from Paragraph 1?ADriving for long drives people cr
95、azy.BFeeling stressed can be predicted.CWalking to work helps reduce stress.DTravelling by bus makes people excited.解析：选C细节理解题。通读第一段可以知道，步行去上班有利于缓解压力。10Walking to work is something _.Apreferred by most peopleBeasier to perform in daily lifeCmaking people more creativeDbeneficial to the sense of happ
96、iness解析：选D细节理解题。第二、三段的内容告诉我们：研究发现步行上班有助于提高幸福指数。11What does the underlined word “chore” probably mean?ATiresome task.BAmazing challenge.CMeaningless thing.DFinancial trouble.解析：选A词义猜测题。最后一段中提到乘公交车上下班的人们早、晚都遇到交通堵塞，那肯定也是一件让人感到讨厌的事情。12What type of writing is this text?AA scientific report.BA transportat
97、ion guide.CA policy announcement.DA new lifestyle introduction.解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章多处提到的researchers say, The study以及A research可推测，本文应该属于一篇科学研究报告。DContrary to popular belief, looking at someones face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are roaring in celebration or screaming in frustration, resear
98、chers claimed.While people may believe they have the ability to read each others faces, body language is the real clue that shows whether strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.In a study, groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions such as tennis players ph
99、otographed just after winning or losing a point.In some cases the volunteers were able to see the players full body, but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were sho
100、wn the full picture or just the body, but their guesses were no better than chance when based on the face alone.Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced they had made their judgment based on the players facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested oth
101、erwise.The researchers carried out a second study where participants were shown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy, pleasure, victory, pain and defeat.Using photoediting software, the researchers attached the faces to bodies expressing the opposite emotion, and asked participants
102、to act out the emotions they saw in the photos.The resulting poses were like the body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions, demonstrating that people base their interpretation of strong emotions not on the face but the body.Dr Aviezer, who led the study, said, “These results show
103、that when emotions become extremely intense, the difference between positive and negative facial expressions becomes unclear.The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.For example, individuals may fail to recognize facial expressions, but if they a
104、re trained to process important body language, their performance may significantly improve.”语篇解读：最新的研究表明：通过观察别人的眼睛，人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情，但如果通过肢体语言，人们却能更好地了解别人在想什么。13What do we know about the first study?AThe participants were divided into four groups.BAll participants were given the same pictures to see.CI
105、t proved that emotions influence peoples body language.DParticipants could tell the players feelings when seeing the full picture.解析：选D细节理解题。从第四段的“Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body”可知D项正确。14What did Dr Av
106、iezer think of the results of the study?ARidiculous.BUseless.CUnrealistic. DHelpful.解析：选D推理判断题。从最后一段的“The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.”可知，Dr Aviezer认为这些结果在某个方面对其他研究有一定的帮助。15Which of the following can summarize the main idea of the passag
107、e?ABody rather than eyes is the window of the soul.BFacial expressions can reflect the emotions clearly.CResearchers link emotions to body language through software.DTwo studies focus on the link between body language and emotions.解析：选A主旨大意题。最新的研究表明：通过观察别人的眼睛，人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情，但如果通过肢体语言，人们却更加清晰地知道别人在想什
108、么。故选A项。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)You want your essay to be the one that is passed around the admissions office or not? Its a little bit like the difference between being famous and infamous. Here are some basic tips to avoid that infamous essay： Dont write the “safe” essay._16_ It could be something t
109、hat others have also experienced, but make sure to say how it affected you. Something personal and unique never fails to stand out. Avoid the generic and get specific.Never write that youre “well rounded” or that “many people have influenced” you. _17_ Real and specific experiences are a lot more co
110、nvincing than something you copy from the Internet._18_ There is no need to share your participation level (hours per week and weeks per year) because colleges ask for that information on your activity list. It is important for the students to use every opportunity to show who they are and impress t
111、he admissions office. Dont talk about rankings.Many students love focusing on the numbers when they are writing their “why this college” essay. They believe they are flattering (讨好) the college by saying the reason why they want to attend is that the college is highly ranked in US News & World Repor
112、t. Obviously schools are aware of their rankings. _19_ Dont complain.If you have gone through difficult circumstances, you should share your story. Dont point fingers. _20_ A better essay will talk about how you have dealt with, and hopefully overcome the obstacles you came across.AIts important to
113、show patience and determination.BThis applies to all types of essays.CDont forget about the activity list.DPick a topic that only you can write about.EThey just want to know why you want to attend.FDont repeat information that is elsewhere in your application.GTell the reader what youve done, how yo
114、uve been influenced, and by whom.答案：1620DGFEA.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)A crowd gathered recently to hear a popular jazz band. The music was good, and the 21 were very talented. But everyone had come to see one player 22， the 9yearold boy, Jose Andre Montano.Why were so many musiclovers interested in
115、 23 this young man perform? It is because he is a jazz 24， and he is blind.Joses life began in Totora, Bolivia, 25 he was born blind. Yet 26 his lack of sight, the boy began playing the drums at the age of four. He showed a(n) 27 ability, and before long, he was playing the 28， too. By the age of fi
116、ve he had formed his own jazz trio (三重奏). His parents, along with everyone else, are 29 surprised by his wonderful talent. “I didnt know 30 before; he got me into it，” said his father, Roberto. “I dont know how to explain how it 31. Its like jazz was 32 inside him.”Many professional musicians are eq
117、ually 33 and welcome the chance to 34 with Jose. They have noticed his deep understanding of this unique form of music. Singer Vero Perez says the exceptional thing about Jose isnt his age or even his _35_. According to Perez, “He shows other musicians how jazz music really is to be played.”As Joses
118、 fame _36_， he has more chances to tour and perform. He has traveled throughout Bolivia and into Brazil and Peru.When Jose is at home with his family, he is a _37_ little boy. He goes to school and does his homework. _38_ when he begins playing the piano or drums, his musical genius becomes obvious.
119、 Jose has proved that nothing will keep him from doing what he loves best. His positive _39_ towards life encourages others to look past their own obstacles and _40_ their dreams.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一个九岁的小男孩，先天失明，却拥有非凡的音乐天赋。他对爵士乐的理解甚至超过了专业音乐家的水平。他积极乐观的人生态度也鼓舞着人们去追求自己的梦想。21A.singersBactorsCmusicians Ddance
120、rs解析：选C根据文章第一句中“a popular jazz band(流行爵士乐队)”可知，此处指音乐很棒，这些乐队成员也都很有才能。故选C项，意为“音乐家”。22A.in person Bin particularCby mistake Dby chance解析：选B根据句中“But”和“one player”可知，此处指尽管乐队成员都很优秀，但大家都尤其是来看Jose Andre Montano表演的。故选B项，意为“特别，尤其”。23A.celebrating BencouragingCnoticing Dwatching解析：选D根据句中“perform”可知，人们是来观看Jose
121、Andre Montano的演出的。故选D项，watch sb. do sth.意为“看某人做某事”。24A.genius BfoolCinventor Dconductor解析：选A根据下一段第二句中“the boy began playing the drums at the age of four”，该段第四句“By the age of five he had formed his own jazz trio (三重奏)”和该段第五句中“surprised by his wonderful talent”可知，Jose Andre Montano是个爵士天才。故选A项，意为“天才”。2
122、5A.what BwhereCwhen Dwhich解析：选B分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子是非限制性定语从句，先行词“Totora”在从句中作地点状语，意为“在这里”。故选B项。26A.through BforCalthough Ddespite解析：选D根据空格后的“his lack of sight”可知，空格处应用介词；分析本句句意可知，逗号前后之间是让步关系。D项是介词，意为“虽然，尽管”，符合语境。27A.amusing BfrighteningCamazing Dinteresting解析：选C结合上文内容和常识可知，一个先天失明的孩子，四岁就开始击鼓。这是一种令人惊叹的才能。
123、故选C项，意为“令人惊叹的”。28A.drum BcomputerCsong Dpiano解析：选D根据上文可知，Jose Andre Montano是个音乐天才，再由第六段中“he begins playing the piano”可知，本句指不久后他开始弹钢琴。故选D项，意为“钢琴”。29A.continuously BnormallyCstrangely Dsuddenly解析：选A根据上文内容可知，Jose Andre Montano一直在展现他的音乐天赋。由此可知，此处指他的父母和其他人不断地为他的音乐天赋感到惊讶。故选A项，意为“连续不断地”。30A.rock BfolkCjazz
124、 Dblues解析：选C根据本段最后一句“Its like jazz was _ inside him.”可知，此处指Jose的父亲原来不懂爵士乐，是Jose让他喜欢上了这种音乐。故选C项。31A.came about Bcame backCturned up Dturned off解析：选A本句中“it”指Jose Andre Montano从小就具有音乐天赋这件事。故此处应指Jose的父亲不知道Jose 的音乐天赋是怎么产生的，因为他自己原来不懂爵士乐。故选A项，意为“发生，产生”。32A.only BalreadyCnever Dhardly解析：选B根据上句可知，父亲不知道Jose的音
125、乐天赋是如何产生的。再结合空格后“inside him”可知，此处指那好像是与生俱来的(早已在他体内)。故选B项，意为“已经”。33A.depressed BconfusedCimpressed Dworried解析：选C根据句中“equally”可知，不光是听众对 Jose Andre Montano的爵士乐天赋惊叹不已，许多专业的音乐家也被打动了。故选C项，意为“留下深刻印象的，被打动的”。34A.live BchatCfight Dperform解析：选D根据“musicians”和“welcome the chance”可知，这些专业的音乐家也乐意接受和Jose Andre Monta
126、no一起表演的机会。故选D项，意为“表演”。35A.carelessness BblindnessCdeafness Dloneliness解析：选B根据第二段第二句中“and he is blind”可知，答案为B项，意为“失明”。36A.promises BappearsClifts Dspreads解析：选D根据句中“he has more chances to tour and perform”可知，由于Jose Andre Montano的名声传播开来，他得到的巡演机会越来越多。故选D项，意为“传播，散布”。37A.lazy BhappyCnormal Dfunny解析：选C根据下一
127、句“He goes to school and does his homework.”可知，当在家里与家人共处时，Jose Andre Montano和别的孩子一样上学、做作业，是一个正常的小男孩。C项意为“正常的”，符合句意。38A.But BSoCBecause DSince解析：选A根据语境可知，但是当他开始弹钢琴或击鼓时，他与众不同的音乐天赋就展现出来了。本句与上句“他像正常小孩一样上学、做作业”之间是转折关系，故选A项。39A.success BattitudeCdream Dperformance解析：选B根据语境可知，尽管Jose Andre Montano先天失明，但他却没有因
128、此放弃自己最热爱的事。这种乐观的态度鼓舞了别人。故选B项，意为“态度”，常与介词to/towards连用。40A.reach for Bcall forCask for Dsend for解析：选AJose Andre Montano对生活的乐观态度鼓舞人们克服困难，努力去追求梦想。A项意为“伸手去够，努力争取”，符合句意。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past few _41_ (century), a new electrical gen
129、erating and transmission system for the 21st century will leave a _42_ (last) mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but _43_ the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same i
130、s true of big solar plants and the power lines that will _44_ (lay) down to move electricity around.Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in _45_ West. This is not an argument against _46_ (build) them. We need alternative energy badly, and t
131、o really take advantage of _47_， we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily _48_ we can now.So balance will have to _49_ (make). Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species will be forced to move or will be _50_ (careful) moved to special accommodation. Measures will be ta
132、ken to reduce the immediate effects.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。对比高速公路、铁路的建设对美国西部的影响，作者探讨了可替代能源建设将对该地区产生的影响，建议建设中要谨慎。41centuries考查名词的数。空格前的“few”用于修饰可数名词复数，故空格处应用century的复数形式centuries。42lasting考查词性转换。根据空格前的冠词“a”和空格后的名词“mark”可推知，空格处作定语，修饰名词。故用last的形容词形式lasting。43in考查介词。in the ways为固定搭配，意为“以这些方式”，符合语境。故填in。44be la
133、id考查动词的语态。因该句主语“power lines”和空格处所填动词之间为被动关系。故填be laid。45the考查冠词。the West为专有名词，意为“西部，西方”。故填定冠词the。46building考查非谓语动词。空格前的“against”为介词，介词后应接名词、动名词或代词。故用build的动名词形式building。47it考查代词。分析该句结构可知，空格处代指该句中的“alternative energy”，作介词of的宾语。故用it。48than考查比较级结构。根据该句中的“far more”可知，此处表示比较的概念，空格处填比较级标志词than。far more th
134、an为固定搭配，意为“远超过”，符合语境。49be made考查动词的语态。该句主语为“balance”，和动词“make”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据空格前的“will have to”可知，空格处应用be动词的原形。故填be made。50carefully考查词性转换。分析该句结构可知，空格处修饰动词“moved”，应用副词。故填careful的副词形式carefully。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)On a snowy winter night, a bus with 45 passenger had an accident because the wet r
135、oad. And all of them were trapping in the bus, and what is worse, the bus ran out of gas and it was very cold in it. They could do nothing but to wait for help. A man who lived nearby saw that had happened. He and some villagers succeeded in open the door and helped all of them out of the bus. He to
136、ok them to his home but offered food and water and even some warm clothes to the children. They spent two days in their home and finally help came. All of them were thankfully for his help.答案：第一句：passengerpassengers; because后加of第二句：trappingtrapped; iswas第三句：去掉to第四句：thatwhat第五句：openopening第六句：butand第
137、七句：theirhis第八句：thankfullythankful.书面表达(共1题；满分25分)如今，随着智能手机和电子设备的普及，“低头族”现象兴起，人们沉溺于手机等电子设备，因而忽略了自己和他人的沟通交流，甚至在家庭聚餐中也只顾玩手机而不和长辈聊天，老人感到失落万分。请根据下图写一篇英语短文。内容要点如下：1描述图画内容；2对图中现象加以分析；3针对这个现象提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。_参考范文：As can be seen from the picture, a big family get together to have a splendid d
138、inner. But when they sit down to table, the young just bury themselves in playing with their cellphones, tablet PCs and other electronic devices, totally ignoring their parents, who feel very lonely and sad.There is no doubt that cellphones have a negative effect on our lives. Heavy use of cellphone
139、s actually widens the distance between teenagers and their elders, leaving the elders more lonely. Worse still, addiction to cellphones might also lead to teenagers poor performance at school, which adds to elders worries. As far as Im concerned, its necessary to limit the time we spend using cellphones. And I think it important to communicate with our family members face to face, which helps build a harmonious family atmosphere.
