1、2014-2015学年高中英语（精品）同步导学案：Unit 3 Life in the future（人教新课标必修5）过去分词作状语Unit 3 Life in the Future -Grammar V-ed 过去分词作状语 【学习目标】1通过语法预习案的学习，了解过去分词在句中所做的成分。2.自主学习、合作探究，总结和归纳过去分词形式的用法。【自主学习设计理念】突出学生的自主与主导地位，课前预习，发现问题总结问题解决问题。课中举一反三，观察例子，后面的练习课由学生来操作。组后总结规律和巩固练习。预习案1.I like reading the novels _ (write ) by Zh
2、ang Ailing. 2. The girl _ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin. 3.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _ (repair). 4.He spoke loudly in order to make himself _ (hear). 5. I found the little girl _ (cry) at the corner. 6. I want the doors of my new house _ (paint) white. 7.
3、There was a _ (surprise) look on his face. 8. He was _ (excite) at the good news. 9. The story was so_ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears. 探究案1.【观察例句】 从课文中找出与划线句子意思相同的句子。As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. _, I was unsettled for the first few days.While I wa
4、s confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. _, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.As I was exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. _, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.【自我归纳】从上述例句总结出，过去分词在句中可以作_,进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是_,过去分词与主语之间是_关系。2. 【知识精析】过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语
5、从句，表明原因、时间、条件等。(1)作原因状语 过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。Tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.Because he was tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.Lost in thought，he almost ran into a car.As he was lost in thought，he almost ran into a car.Encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harde
6、r._.(2)作时间状语 过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句Seen from the hill，the city looks like a garden.When the city is seen from the hill，it looks like a garden.Dont speak until spoken to.Dont speak until you are spoken to.(3)作条件状语 过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。Given more time，I would have wor
7、ked out the problem.If I have been given more time，I would have worked out the problem.Once published，the dictionary will be very popular.Once it is published，the dictionary will be very popular.Compared with your progress，mine is nothing._. (4)作伴随状语 过去分词作伴随状语时，一般可转换为并列结构。Aunt Wu came in，followed by
8、 her daughter.Aunt Wu came in，and (she) was followed by her daughter.The teacher came in，followed by some students._.(5)作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的状语从句。Although exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.Although we were exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.The do
9、g remained faithful to its owner though treated badly.The dog remained faithful to its owner though it was treated badly.Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged._. (6)作方式状语过去分词作方式状语时，如有连词as if，就可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列结构。He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.He began to
10、 cry as if he were bitten by a snake.【小试牛刀】把下列划线部分中的状语改写成状语从句。 Asked what had happened, he told us about it._, he told us about it. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures._, he received many invitations to give lectures. Given more time, we would be able to d
11、o the work much better._, we would be able to do the work much better. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers._, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor._, she decided to become a
12、doctor. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all._, Sam did not feel afraid at all. United we stand, divided we fail._, we stand. _, we fail. 3.【注意】(1)分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。Her grandfather being ill，she had to stay at home looking after him.Time permitti
13、ng，you can pay a visit to some places of interest in Hangzhou.The work finished，we went home.(2)speaking和judging作悬垂状语时，不需和句子的主语保持一致。Generally speaking，women live longer than men.一般来说，女人比男人长寿。Strictly speaking，it isnt a correct answer.严格地说，这不是正确答案。Judging by her look，she was disappointed.从她的表情看，她很失望。
14、(3)considering “考虑到”，形式上是分词，可以用作介词。Considering the distance，he arrived early.考虑到这么远的路程，他是来得早的。(4)given“考虑到”，“如果有”，形式上是分词，可以用作介词。Given the chance，I would come to see you in Australia.如果有机会，我愿意来澳大利亚看你。Given their inexperience，they have done a good job.考虑到他们没有经验，他们已经干得很好了。4现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别（1）过去分词与句子的主语之
15、间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。Asked why he was late，he cried.被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。Looking out of the window，I saw some students playing there. Following the old man, we went upstairs.we followed 跟着那个老人, 我们上去了。 Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. 被那个老人跟着, 我们上去了。【小试牛刀】( )（1）_ from the
16、top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen( )（2）_ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. ( )（3）_for a long time, the book looks old. A. Using B. Used C. To use D. Use( ) (4) _ the book, I find it useful. A. Using B. Used C. To use D. Use( ) (5) _ at her, he ju
17、mped with joy. A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. To look( ) (6)_ at by her, he jumped with joy. A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. To look(2) 有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有：satisfied，surprised，interested，moved，worried，pleased，disappointed等。Disappointed at the examination results，the girl stood there without
18、 saying a word.【检测案】1_ black and blue, the lady couldnt move. ABeaten BBeating CTo be beaten DTo beat3. _not to miss the early train，we got up ahead of time and hurried to the station.AReminding BReminded CTo remind DHaving reminded7_in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.ALosing BHav
19、ing lost CLost DTo lose8After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，_.Aexhausting BexhaustedCbeing exhausted Dhaving exhausted9_more attention，the trees could have grown better.AGiven BTo give CGiving DHaving given10_by the advances in technology，many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.ABeing encouraged BEncouraging CEncouraged DHaving encouraged
