1、Unit1 GrammarThe Past Participle(1)as the Attribute and Predicative【课前热身】根据句意用所给词的正确形式填空并体会其用法。1.But he became _(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people _(expose)to cholera.inspiredexposed2.He became _(interest)in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.3.He foun
2、d that it came from the river _(pollute)by the dirty water from London.4.He immediately told the _(astonish)people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.interestedpollutedastonished过去分词的基本形式过去分词的基本形式是“V-ed”(如used等);有些动词过去分词为不规则变化形式(如fallen、written等)。Translat
3、iona _ candle一支点燃的蜡烛a _ stamp一枚用过的邮票lighteduseda _ coin一枚破损的硬币a _ teacher一名退休的教师brokenretired1.But he became _(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people _(expose)to cholera.inspiredexposed定语表语2.He became _(interest)in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.3.He fo
4、und that it came from the river _(pollute)by the dirty water from London.4.He immediately told the _(astonish)people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.interestedpollutedastonished表语定语定语The man smiling in the picture is Xiaozhan.He never learned performan
5、ce,but he likes performing most.a teleplay(电视剧）Chenqingling which is amazing has made him famous.His subtle acting keeps the thousands of people watching the teleplay over and over again.Will you scream(尖叫)when seeinghim?表语主语宾补定语宾语状语过去分词的用法过去分词1.作定语2.作表语3.作补语4.作状语过去分词作定语The Past Participle as the At
6、tribute一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语有前置定语和后置定语两种1.单个过去分词作定语放在被修饰的名词_,做前置定语表示_或 _。前面被动(vt.)完成(vi.)fallen leavesthe risen suna retired teacher作定语表_a respected doctorpolluted water a newly-invented machine完成作定语表_被动2.过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词_,相当于一个定语从句。后面The Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xunis familiar to us.=The Story of Ah
7、 Q _ _ is familiar to us.whichby Lu Xunis writtenThe city surrounded by mountains is my hometown.=The city _ is my hometown.which is surrounded bymountainsa picture _ _一幅由里奥纳多达芬奇画的画 painted by Leonardo da VinciIts a picture(_ _)painted by Leonardo da Vinci.whichwas 注意1:有些过去分词表示特定含义时,单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后
8、,如 left(剩余的),given(所给的),concerned(有关的)等。如:There is little time left.Lets hurry up.剩余的时间不多了。我们赶快吧。注意2:如果被修饰的词是由 不定代词(everything等)或指示代词(those等)时,即使单个的过去分词作定语,也要放在被修饰词的后面。如:Is there anything unsolved?还有没有解决的问题吗？注3:过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。如:Some of them,born and brought up in rural villages,had never
9、seen a train.他们当中有一些人,生长在农村,从未见过火车。注4:一些过去分词不能单独用作前置定语,但与某些名词或副词构成复合形容词后,便可放在被修饰的名词前面,作前置定语。如:a state-run company 国营公司a newly-born baby 新生婴儿a newly-opened restaurant 一家新开的餐馆判断下列句子中的过去分词作定语的意义1.America is a developed country._2.I found it hard to understand the English (that was)spoken by the native
10、villagers._3.Is there anything planned for the weekend?_表完成表被动即表完成也表被动(=Is there anything that has been planned for the weekend?)现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？Thinkingfallen leavesfalling leavesboiling water boiled water正在沸腾的水已经烧开的水the rising sunthe risen sun正在升起的太阳升起了的太阳V-ing 表动作正在进行,V-ed 表动作已经完成disappointing
11、 newsdisappointed people令人失望的消息感到失望的人们exciting storyexcited people激动人心的故事(感到)激动的人们情感动词的V-ing表“令人.”,V-ed 表“感到.”。结论：现在分词作定语,表示动作_,_意义;过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前已_,或具有_意义.正在进行主动被动完成区别The fish _(catch)yesterday is still alive.Do you want to see the doctor _(work)on the case report in the office?caughtworking用所给动
12、词的适当形式填空。The Past Participle as the Predicative过去分词作表语1.He looked worried after reading the letter.2.When we heard of this,we were deeply moved.3.He got interested in the two theories explaining how cholera killed people.位于_ 之后,不表示“被动”或者“完成”,而表示主语的状态或者情绪,相当于形容词。系动词系动词的分类:be 动词:“感觉”类:“似乎”类:“变成”类:“保持、
13、仍然”类:am/are/is,was/were,be,beenfeel,look,smell,sound,taste等seem,appear,as if等become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,turn out等keep,remain,stay等(除此之外,“证实”_ 也可直接跟adj.搭配为系表)。prove1.They were _ to hear the _ news.(delight)2.The teacher announced the _ news with an _voice.(excite)4.There was a _(surprise)look on hi
14、s face.5.The story was so_(move)that he was _(move)to tears.delighteddelightingexcitedexcitingsurprisedmovingmovedV-ing 与V-ed 作表语的区别归纳:与感觉相关的及物动词，其过去分词含有被动含义，即“人被引起某种感觉”，多用来形容人、人的声音或者表情。现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉”区别The library is closed.The library is closed by the teacher.V-ed作表语表主语的状态，被动语态表示被动的动作。“系动词+过
15、去分词（系表结构）状态（系表结构）动作(被动语态）区别My glasses are broken.My glasses were broken by my little brother.状态动作be+过去分词表状态时，是系表结构，而表示动作时，是被动语态，而且动作的执行者由by引出过去分词作表语，通常表示主语的所处的状态。Liu Xiang is a player _(love)by thousands of fans.Unluckily,he got _(injure)in the game,in 2012 London Olympics.The _(surprise)news got across to the world and his fans were _(disappoint)to see it,but they still wished him a happy life.语法填空lovedinjuredsurprisingdisappointed
