1、重点语法精析解码书面表达过去分词表被动和完成，作状语时修饰谓语动词表示的动作，其逻辑主语是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表示时间、原因、让步、结果、方式、条件等，过去分词短语作状语往往可以用相应的状语从句或并列复合句代替。Period FourGrammar(1)&Grammar(2)过去分词作状语重点语法精析解码书面表达表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。常置于句首，偶尔置于句末或句中。Encouraged by his father,he continued his research work.As he was encouraged by his fath
2、er,he continued his research work.由于受到他父亲的鼓舞，他继续他的研究工作。表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。这类句子的谓语动词往往用将来时或情态动词。常置于句首。Given more money and time,we would have finished the job earlier.If we had been given more money and time,we would have finished the job earlier.如果给予更多的钱和时间，我们就会把工作完成得早一点。重点语法精析解码书面表达表示时间，作时间状语，相当于
3、时间状语从句。可以置于句首，也可以置于句末，有时可置于主语和谓语之间。Seen from the hill,the town looks very beautiful.When the town is seen from the hill,the town looks very beautiful.从山顶看，城市更漂亮。表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。常置于句首，偶尔置于句末或句中。Encouraged by his father,he continued his research work.As he was encouraged by his father,he continue
4、d his research work.由于受到他父亲的鼓舞，他继续他的研究工作。表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。这类句子的谓语动词往往用将来时或情态动词。常置于句首。Given more money and time,we would have finished the job earlier.If we had been given more money and time,we would have finished the job earlier.如果给予更多的钱和时间，我们就会把工作完成得早一点。重点语法精析解码书面表达表示行为方式或伴随状况，相当于并列复合句。置于句首、句中
5、、句末。The lecturer came into the hall,followed by a group of students.The lecturer came into the hall,and he was followed by a group of students.演讲者走进大厅，后面跟着一群学生。重点语法精析解码书面表达有时分词前可以用连词加以强调。连词while常接现在分词；when 接现在分词或过去分词均可；once,if,though,although,even if,even though,unless,than,as 等只能接过去分词。有些过去分词作状语时，没有
6、被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成。When dressed in white,she looks really pretty.穿上白色衣服，她看上去非常漂亮。过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别：过去分词表完成、被动，与主句主语之间是被动关系；现在分词表进行、主动，与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个主动的动作发生在谓语动作之前，则可使用现在分词的完成时。Seeing the picture,he couldnt help thinking of his good old days.When he saw the picture,he couldnt help thinking of his g
7、ood old days.看到那照片，他禁不住想起了美好的往昔。重点语法精析解码书面表达用过去分词完成句子When it is compared with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all._ _ the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.As he was frightened by the tiger,the boy didnt dare to go to the zoo alone._ by
8、 the tiger,the boy didnt dare to go to the zoo alone.If these trees are grown in rich soil,these trees can grow faster._ in rich soil,these trees can grow faster.Compared withFrightenedGrown重点语法精析解码书面表达He was sitting in the office,and he was lost in thought.He was sitting in the office，_ _ _.Unless
9、she is invited,she wont attend his wedding._ _，she wont attend his wedding.Although he is introduced to the young man,he still stands there silently._ _ to the young man,he still stands there silently.lost in thoughtUnless invitedAlthough introduced重点语法精析解码书面表达短语动词动词宾语这种词组由及物动词加名词构成。要注意名词前是否有冠词，名词是否
10、可数。drop a line 写封简信take medicine 服药make way 前进catch the train 赶火车have a try 试一下动词介词这种词组后面都能带名词或相当于名词的成分作宾语，但不一定都能变成被动语态。要特别注意介词的固定搭配。live on 以为生succeed in 成功result from 由造成depend on 靠，取决于result in 导致agree with 同意重点语法精析解码书面表达动词副词这种词组有些能带宾语。如果宾语是代词，须放在动词后面、副词前面。如：put it on不可以说put on it。要注意其中副词的固定搭配。ma
11、ke up 弥补；化妆give out 释放出make out 懂得figure out 弄懂；算出动词名词介词要注意这种词组可以带两种宾语，一是词组本身的名词，是前面及物动词的宾语，此时名词前可以用形容词加以修饰；如make better use of；一是整个词组所带的宾语，在变成被动语态时，可能出现该词组的倒装、割裂现象。lay emphasis on 注重，强调lay the foundation for 打基础take part in 参加lose sight of 消失pay attention to 注意重点语法精析解码书面表达动词副词介词其中的副词是修饰前面动词的，而介词后面接
12、宾语。keep up with 跟上look forward to 盼望catch up with 赶上check upon 检查，核对动词宾语介词这种词组中动词所带的宾语(通常是名词)往往不固定，但介词是固定的，介词所带的宾语(名词、动名词)有些也是比较固定的。变成被动语态时，这类词组也出现倒装、割裂的现象。keep(prevent,stop).from sth.(doing)阻止(干)某事know(tell,distinguish).from 区别，分辨be 形容词介词be如果去掉，则为形容词短语。be good at 擅长be used to 习惯于be expert at 专于，精通b
13、e ready for 准备好；乐意重点语法精析解码书面表达我们决定把会议推迟。(动词副词)Weve decided to _ _ _ _.我不喜欢喝茶。(动词介词)I dont _ _tea.她很快赶上了我们。(动词副词介词)She soon _ _ _us.我不在家时，请照顾一下小孩。(动词名词介词)_ _ _ _ my baby while Im out.他是个驾驶赛车的能手。(be 形容词介词)He _ _ _ driving racing cars.按动词词组的要求完成句子重点语法精析解码书面表达答案put the meeting off(put off the meeting)ca
14、re forcaught up withKeep an eye ofis expert at重点语法精析解码书面表达说明文【写作任务】根据课文66页的内容，写一篇介绍基诺族的短文。【写作要点】1介绍基本情况。2介绍经济状况，及文化传统。重点语法精析解码书面表达【写作要求】1词数120150；2内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯；3书写须清晰、工整。【写作分析】第一步：认真审题一审体裁：本文是介绍类作文，属于说明文。说明文应用一般现在时和现在完成时；介绍具体情况时，通常用第三人称，而表达自己的观点时则要用第一人称。二审格式：这种介绍类说明文对写作格式没有特别要求，只要把内容介绍清楚既可。重点语法精析解
15、码书面表达三审结构：根据需要说明的事物的要点，仔细梳理要点之间的逻辑关系，使得条理清楚，便于表达，切忌逐条翻译，盲目写作。第二步：提炼要点1有人口 have a population of2母语mother language3住在上层live on the upper floor 4擅长唱歌和舞蹈good at singing and dancing重点语法精析解码书面表达第三步：扩点成句1基诺族有18 000人口。The Jinuo Ethnic Group has a population of around 18,000 people.2他们主要靠农业和渔业为生，主要粮食作物是水稻、玉米
16、和大豆。They live by farming and fishing，their main crops being rice,and maize along with beans.3二三十个家庭一起住在上层，动物住在底层。About 20 or 30 families live together on the upperfloor,with their animals kept on the ground floor.重点语法精析解码书面表达【品味佳作】The Jinuo Ethnic GroupThe Jinuo Ethnic Group has a population of arou
17、nd 18,000 people who mainly live in the Jinghong area of Yunnan.Today they most speak Chinese although their mother language is a ChineseTibetan language with no written script.重点语法精析解码书面表达They live by farming and fishing，their main crops being rice,and maize along with beans.They live in large hous
18、es made of bamboo on mountain slopes.About 20 or 30 families live together on the upper floor,with their animals kept on the ground floor.The women usually wear colorful jackets,while men wear a short white jacket and white or blue trousers.They are good at singing and dancing.In December they have
19、a special Sundrum Dance and they enjoy themselves together.重点语法精析解码书面表达【名师点津】1这是一篇介绍基诺族的小短文，文章内容充实，语言流利，表述清晰，达到了本文的写作目的，让读者对于基诺族了解得非常清楚。虽然文中语言没有太多的高级词汇和复杂句式结构，但是通过简洁的描述让人对基诺族的情况一目了然。2亮点句式回放They live by farming and fishing，their main crops being rice,and maize along with beans.(独立主格结构)They live in la
20、rge houses made of bamboo on mountain slopes.(过去分词短语作定语)重点语法精析解码书面表达【写作模板】The Jinuo Ethnic Group_(人口数量)who mainly live in the Jinghong area of Yunnan.Today they most speak _(语言文字)They live by _(生存特点)They live in_(生 活 方 式 一)About 20 or 30 families _(生 活 方 式 二)The women usually wear _，while men wear _(衣着特点)They are good at_(擅 长)In December they have _(特 色 节 日)and they enjoy themselves together.
