1、第三册Unit 12 EducationI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇:labsence 2donanion 3suitable 4record 5restrict 6professional 7economic 8tradition高考须掌握的短语:1with 2out 3ftom 4out 5in 6in 7to 8to 9on 10out of 11notes l 2of 13on/upon14to 15out 16agamst 考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1suvt(1)适合;满足eg:Does Sunday suit
2、you?星期日你方便吗? 一Yes,it suits me fine我很方便。 (2)跟相称;相配eg:That coIor doesnt suit him那种颜色与他不相配。A cold climate suits wheat寒冷的气候适宜种小麦。He suited his speech to his audience他让自己的演说内容合乎听众的口味。相关链接:suitabIe adj合适的;适宜的;恰当的suited adj适合的;匹配的用法拓展:a suit of一套 suit sbfine很适合某人suitto使适合; 使适应be suitable for sbto do sth适合于
3、某人做 be suited for/to适合做特别提醒:suit为动词,多侧重颜色、花样、款式等方面的“适合”。满足某人的需要,还可表示合乎口味、性格、地位等。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 (典型例题 what about the styk of the coat?It you very well Afits Bsuits Csatisties Dgets 考题1点拨:答案为B。动词词义辨析。fit多指衣服合体;satisfy表示“使满意”,而suit表示“使合适”,多指衣服的颜色、款式适合某人。故选B。句意为:“这件衣服的样式怎么样?它非常适合你。 2distribute vt分配;分
4、送;分布 eg:The farmers are distributing manure over the field农民们正在田间撒肥。 The old man has distnbuted the magazines to the children这位老人将杂志分给孩子们。 相关链接:distribution分配;分发;发行;分类 distibutive adj分发的;分配的;分布的用法拓展:distrbuteover把分配到distribute sthto把某物分给distribute sthamong把某物分给特别提醒:distribute与介词的搭配。考题2 (典型例题1 分)-Ali
5、ce, .Im very busy now. Can you . these books to children? -With pleasure. A. offer B. supply- C. provide D. distribute考题2点拨:答案为D。此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境,此空应表示“分发,发放”,故用D。而其他三项不合题意。句意为: “Ali;e,我们现在很忙。你能把书发给孩子们吗?非常乐意效劳。” 总结提示:distributeto把分发给。二、重点短语 3result jn引起;导致;造成(某种结果) eg:The trial resulted in his being
6、sentenced to two years imprisonment审判结果是他被判监禁两年。 The traffic accident resulted in thr;e deaths这起交通事故造成三人死亡。用法拓展:resuIt from因为的原因 eg: The aceident resulted ftom carelessness事故因粗心而致。 Sickness often results from eating too much疾病往往因为吃得太多。特别提醒:resuIt in后面接结果,而result ftom后面接原因。考题3 - What has happened to
7、Kathleen? She fell off her bike and resulted an injury in her arm. A. from B. in - c. for D. with考题3点拨;答案为B。考查result与介词的搭配,根据题意应选result in,“导教胳膊受伤”表示结果。句意为:“Kathleen怎么了?”总结提示:区分 result from 与result in的用法。 4drop out(of)(从活动,竞赛中)退出;辍学 eg:He didnt finish his high school for he dropped out of school他没有完
8、成高中学业,因为他中途辍学了。 Since his defeat,hes dropped out of poliItics他失败后就不再从事政治活动了。用法拓展:drop in on sb顺便拜访某人drop in at some place顺便拜访某地drop off一个个地离开散去特别提醒:drop out为不及物动词,drop out of为及物动词。考题4 -How much education did you get when you were young? -Being poor, I out of school in senior grade one. A. stopped B.
9、 dropped C. pushed D. left考题4点拨:答案为B。根据语境,该空应表示“辍学”,应使用drop out of,其他三个动词不与out of连用。句意为:“年轻时,你受过多少教育?”因为穷,高一我就辍学了。”总结提示:drop out of从中退出;辗学。 三、重点交际用语5Compare 1985 with 典型例题 the ehange?将1985年同典型例题呢? comparewith(to)把和进行比较 eg:If you compare this shi rt with(to)that one,yon wiIl find the d|fferenees betw
10、een them如果你将这件衬衣和另一件比较的话,你会发现它们之间的不同之处。 People usually compare children to the sun in the morning人们通常将孩子比作早上的太阳。相关链接:comparison n比较;对比comparative adj比较的;相当的用法拓展:compareto把比作 compared with(to)和比较 (常用于句首或句尾作状语) beyond/withOUt comparison无与伦比 by comparison比较起来 in comparison with与比较特别提醒:compared with放在句首
11、或句尾作状语,用过去分词。考题5 I.ast year the number of death in creased by 2%-5% the year be-fore last. A. comparing to B. comparing with C. to compare with D. compared with考题5点拨:答案为D。comparedwith“与相比较”,用作状语,须用过去分词。句意为:“与前年相比,去年的死亡率上升了 25个百分点。” 总结提示:compared with放在句首或句末用作状语时,用过去分词这一固定形式。四、重点句型6T0 begin with,it i
12、s important to create a positive attitude首先,产生积极的态度很重要。 (1)To begin with=to start with首先,第一 eg:To begin with,ld like to make a brief introduction to our hometown首先我想对我们的家乡做一个简要的介绍。 一wflat should we do if we go to study in Britain?如果去英国学习,我们该怎么办? 一To begin with,we should learn English well首先,我们要学好英语。
13、特别提醒:to begin with,“首先”,用作状语,相当于一个插入成分,它的形式不受句子主语的限制,是一种固定用法。除此之外还有下列短语也这样用: to start with首先 to make matters worse更糟糕的是 to tell(you)the truth说实话 to be honest老实说 to be frank坦白地说 to be sure确定(2)begin/startwith以开始,用作谓语动词。 eg:He began/started his speech with a greeting“Good morning,1adies and gentlemen他
14、以一句“女士们,先生们,早上好”开始了他的讲话。考题6 (典型例题) Ill introduce a friend to all of you, said the headmaster. A. Beginning with B. Beginwith C. To begin with D. To be begun with考题6点拨:答案为c。根据语境,此处应表示“首先”故用to begin with,用作状语,为固定搭配。句意为:“校长说:首先,我介绍给大家一位客人。”总结提示;to begin with“首先;第一”,作状语,为固定搭配。 五、词语辨析 7although,though al
15、though和though两者都可用作连词,引导让步状语从句,其后都不能受中文的影响而接but,但可接yet或still。although较正式,多用于句首;而在下列情况下,只能用though。 (1)表示强调时用even though eg: Even though he is here,he cant help you即使他在这儿,他也不会帮你。 (2)在倒装句中(代替as)。 eg: cold though it was,I went out虽然天冷,我还是出去了。 (3)though用作副词表“然而”,可放在句末或其他位置。 eg: I have a slight coldIts no
16、thlng,though我有点感冒,然而没关系。特别提醒:though除用作连词外,还可用作副词,而although只用作连词,且不用于倒装句中。考题7-1 Although it is raining, are still working in the fields. A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they考题7-2 I have drunk a lot; Its nothing serious, A. either B. though C. but D. still考题71点拨:答案为A。although用作连词不与but连用。句意为:“虽然在
17、下雨,他们仍然在地里干活儿。”考题72点拨:答案为B。根据题意“我已喝了不少,不过不要紧”表示转折,并且放在句末是though的用法,而but应放在句子前面。甚鳍提示:though用作副词,表示“然而”,可以放在句末。语法归纳 精通规则 游刃有余本单元的语法重点是主动形式表示被动意义1当feellook,smell,taste,soond等系动词后面接形容词时;当cut,read,sell, wear,write,wash,cook,shut,dry,drink,wash等表示某种性质且带状语修饰时;当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时,用主动形式表被动意义。 eg:The fi
18、sh smells good鱼闻起来很香。 The book written by that famous writer is selling very well 那位著名作家写的书很畅销。(实际上是被买的) Corion feels soft棉花摸起来很柔软。 These cups clcan easily这些杯子很容易洗。 The exhibitlOn doesnt open on Monday星期一展览不开放。 下面的短语经常使用主动语态:come out,come into being,go off,run out,give Out,give in 2want,require,need
19、,worth后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。 eg: These flowers want/require/need watering这些花需要浇水。These books are worth reading这些书值得读。(被读)3在“be+adj+to do”中,不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语,用主动表被动。 eg:This apple isnt fit to eat这个苹果不能吃。He isnt easy to get along with他不好相处。 (1) This kind of cloth (washes / is washed) very well. (2) What he s
20、aid (is sounded / sounds) a good idea. (3)The chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very comfortable . (to be sat on/to sit on) (4)The room is not large enough to (have/be had) a meeting. (5) The old house wants ( repairing/being repaired)考题点拨;(1)washes (2)sounds (3)to sit on (4)have (5)repair
21、ing总结提示:掌握主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究:it,one和that的指代用法专题详解:it可以用来:1代替前文或后文所提到的事物(单数或不可数)。 eg: I bought a new camera yesterday but I dont bring it with me now 我昨天买了一台照相机,不过现在我没有(把它)带在身边。 Magnetic field does exist though we cant see it尽管我们无法看见但磁场的确存在。2代替前面整个句子。 eg:They say there is ljfe on th
22、e Marsbut people have to prove it 他们说火星上有生命,但人们还要对此进行证实。3代替不能或没有必要确定性别的人或某些习惯说法中的人。 eg:-Who can this person be?这人可能是谁呢? It must be Johns teacher肯定是约翰的老师。 she had a baby this morning1t is pretty lovely她今天早上生了一个小孩。那小孩非常可爱。4指环境、情形等。 eg:Take it easy放松一点。5指度量衡、时间、空间、天气及自然现象等。 eg: Its a long way from my h
23、ome to the school从我家到学校路途很远。one可以用来代替上文中的可数名词。 eg:If you want a hook about beestry this one(一hook) 你如果想要一本有关蜜蜂的书试试这本好了。 one代替复数名词时为ones并且可以有修饰词。 eg: Please pass nle the bookthe one on the table请把我的书递给我我的是桌子上的那本。 Do you have any dolls?你有洋娃娃吗? 一YesI have some good ones是的我有一些挺不错的洋娃娃。特别提醒:it代替同名称的同一事物,而
24、one代替同名称的另一样东西。one可以被冠词、代词、数词、形容词或定语从句修饰it却不能。试比较: Do you still use your Dell computer?你还在用你那台戴尔电脑吗? Yesit works well(同一台电脑)是的,它很好用。 一Is this Dell computer yours?这台戴尔电脑是你的吗? No,it is my brothersMine is the one named Great wall不是我哥的。我的是长城牌的。 that可以用来代替the+前面叙述的有关名词以避免重复,形式常是that(those)+of短语。 eg:His m
25、anner is that of an onlooker他采取一种旁观者的态度。 指代复数名词时用those。 eg:The apples in this basket are better than those in your bag这个篮子里的苹果比你袋子里的好些。 that和it都可以代替某一特定的名词,但that指同一类,并非同一个。 eg: The price of tmis higher lhan that of copper 锡的价钱比铜的价钱要高。(一个是tin的价格,一个是copper的价格。) The price of tin is$lO a kilo,it is quit
26、e high in fact 锡的价格是每公斤10美元,这的确有点高。(it仍是说tin的价格)考题1 I was disappoint.ed with the film. I had expected to be much better. A. that B. this C. one D. it考题2 I hope there are enough glas-ses for each guest to have A. it B. there C. them D. one考题3 - Why dont wo take a little break? Didnt we just have ? A.
27、 it B. that C. one D. this考题4 Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what考题5 Theres coffee and tea; you can have A. either B. each C. one D. it考题1点拨;答案为D,it指代前面提到的the film,指同一个;而one指同类中的一个,不合题意。考题2点拨:答案为D。根据题意,“希望有足够的杯子让每个客
28、人有一个。”one指同类中的一个。考题3点拨:答案为C。one指代前面提到的a little break。考题4点拨:答案为B。one指代前面的an unforgettable time表示泛指。而it表示特指,what不引导定语从句。考题5点拨:答案为A。两者之中任何一个用either。总结提示:特别注意one和it的用法。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回顾1 测试考点1 (典型例题一-How about eight oclock outside the cinema? That me fineAfits Bmeets Csarisfies Dsuits1D点拨:考查动词词义辨析。根
29、据题意:“8点钟在电影院外面见怎么样?”“那非常好”。suit表示“适合”,侧重“颜色,款式,时间等适合”;而fit表示“合身;合体”,与题意不符。meet,satisfy表示“满足”。故选D。回顾2 测试考点7(典型例题ow is everything going on with you in Europe?- Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped, A. though B. instead C. either D. too2A点拨:考查副词词义辨析。though作副词,意思是“可是;不过”,用于句末,其前常用逗号隔开。instead表示“反而;代替”
30、,either表示“也”用于否定句末,too用于肯定句或疑问句句末。根据题意:“你在欧洲怎么样?很好,虽然进展不如希望的那么顺利。”故选A。VI2011年高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机 一、考情预测 年考情预测预测1:distribute 预测根据:distribute词性虽不复杂但构成的固定搭配较多,而对于固定搭配的掌握又是学生的弱点,这又往往成为高考命题的依据。 命题角度预测:distribute常用的搭配有:distributeover(把分配到);distribute sthto(把某物分给);distribute sthamong(把某物分给),很多学生对这些用法记忆不牢结构混淆。这
31、点往往会被命题者所利用。预测2:suit 预测根据:suit一词是高考大纲中重点掌握的单词,并且它在各类命题考试中经常列为被考查的内容,它的考查通常与fit一起,而学生对此的用法又模糊不清,极易掉进命题者所设的陷阱中。 命题角度预测:suit的考查一般从它所适应的范围,fit侧重于“合身;合体”,而suit侧重于“颜色;时间;款式”等多方面。通常在语法和词汇知识及完形填空中考查。预测3:result 预测根据:result既可用作动词,也可用作名词,它是英语中的常用词汇,正是这一点,会成为学生的易漏点而让命题者所利用。 命题角度预测:result构成的搭配很多as a result(of)(结
32、果/由于的结果);result in(导致;结果);result from (由于的结果)。这点在高考的语法和词汇知识及短文改错中考查居多。预测4:compare 预测根据:compare的用法及搭配在高考中出现过,特别在许多比较情景中出现频繁。 命题角度预测:(1)考查compare的搭配,compareto/with(把和比较);compareto还表示“把比作” (2)compared with/to作状语时,形式不受句子主语的影响。这一点经常在语法和词汇知识及短文改错中涉及到,又是学生们的盲点。预测5:话题:教育 预测根据:随着时代的发展,社会的进步,人们对教育的关注程度也大有提高,近
33、几年高考试题中或各地考试题中关于教育方面的话题屡次出现,故学生在平时学习中应当多加注意。 命题角度预测:这类题材主要在听力。阅读理解及写作题中内容多为学校文化、素质教育、课堂内外、课外活动、师生关系、考试升学、教育改革等。二、考题预测 备考1测试考点6 What should we do if we come into the lab,sir? ,you should follow the teachers instruction ABeginning with BHaving begun with CTo begin with DTo begin1c点拨:题意:“如果我们进入了实验室该怎么办
34、?首先,你应该听从老师的指导。首先”to start/begin with,用作状语,用不定式且为固定搭配。备考2测试考点3 Exploiting too much will disas trous ecological changes Acase to Blead Cresult in Dresult from2c点拨:考查动词短语辨析。result in“导致,引起”;result from“因的结果”。,根据题意:“开采过度会导致生态的改变。导致”用result in或lead to表示。故选c。备考3测试考点1 一What do you think of the coat on me?
35、The color of it you well Afits Bsuits Cmeets Dwears3B点拨:考查动词辨析。根据题意:“这件衣服的颜色很适合你”。suit表示“适合”一般用于衣服的“颜色;款式”等,而fit表示“合身;合体”。故选B。备考4测试考点4 Nowadays many children in poor area often school before finishing education Adropped OUt Bdropped out of Cgave out Dgot out of4B点拨:考查动词短语辨析。根据题意:“现在一些贫困地区的许多孩子没有完成学业
36、就中途辍学了”。“退出;辍学”用drop out表示。“从一中退出”drop out of,而get out of“从出来;摆脱”;give out“分发;用尽。”故选B。备考5测试考点5 other girlsyou performed very well AComparing with BTo compare with CCompared with DBeing compared with5c点拨:考查动词的非谓语形式。根据题意:“与其他的女孩比较,你表演得很出色”。comparewith“与比较”,用作状语,用在句首或句末应用compared with,为固定用法。备考6测试考点7 Sa
37、d she was,she tried to comfort others at this time Aalthough Bthough Ceven though Dif6B点拨:考查连词的用法。根据句子结构Sad she was句子使用倒装,将表语sad提到句首。although“虽然”引导从句,不能用于倒装;though“虽然”可以使用正常语序。也可以倒装;而even though,if,也不用倒装。故选B。备考7测试语法一What about the pen you are using?It very smoothly Awrote Bis written Cwrites Dis writing7c点拨:考查动词write的用法。根据题意:“你用的这支钢笔怎么样?”“它写起来非常顺畅”。write“写”用来表示“笔”的属性时用主动表示被动。故选c。 备考8测试语法 -What do you think of the book? Oh,excellentIts worth a second time Ato read Bto be read Creading Dbeing read8c点拨:考查be worth的用法。be worth“值得”,后接动名词的主动形式表示被动。题意为:“这本书值得再读一遍”。