1、二名词性从句A组单句语法填空1(2020浙江卷7月)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.解析：考查名词性从句。根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时空处表示“的事物”，故填what。答案：what2(2020天津卷)The student completed this exp
2、eriment to make come true _ Professor Joseph had said.解析：考查宾语从句。句意：这个学生完成了这个实验，使约瑟夫教授所说的变成了现实。此处需要用what引导宾语从句。答案：what3(2019全国卷)While they are rare north of 88，there is evidence _they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.解析：考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明ev
3、idence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。答案：that4(2019北京卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than_they go.解析：考查宾语从句。在介词than 后用where 引导宾语从句，where在从句中作状语。此处表示“学生在大学里做什么事似乎远比在哪里上大学更加重要”。答案：where5(2018北京卷)Without his support，we wouldnt be_we are now.解析：句意为：要是没有他的帮助，我们就不会是现在的情形了。本题考查表语从句。根据句
4、意可知，设空处意为“情形，情况，形势”，应用where引导。答案：where6(2018北京卷)This is_my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.解析：句意为：这就是父亲教给我的永远面对困难并寄予最大的希望。本题考查表语从句。根据句意可知，表语从句中taught me后缺少直接宾语“教会了我什么”，因此用what引导。答案：whatB组单句改错1The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite.解析：先行词dishes在定语从句中作宾语，故应用t
5、hat或which引导，也可省略关系代词。答案：whatthat/which或去掉what2My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.解析：to后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中需作地点状语，表示“靠近我居住的地方”。故thatwhere。答案：thatwhere3My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.解析：从句中的do是及物动词，故应用连接代词what作动词do的宾语。答案：howwhat1引导主语从句的词有：连接词that，w
6、hether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever 等；连接副词 when，where，why，how。When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出是亲姐妹。What struck me most in the movi
7、e was the fathers deep love for his son.影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深厚的爱。易混辨析whether与if引导主语从句的区别：主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.我们能否有干净的饮用水依赖于政府将采取什么样的有效
8、措施处理水污染问题。It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。2it作形式主语的主语从句(1)it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语。Itbe形容词(obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable等)that从句。It isnt likely that I should accept such an offer as tha
9、t.我不可能接受像那样的帮助。Itbe名词词组(no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise等)that从句。Its no wonder that he didnt want to go.难怪他不想去。Itbe过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged等)that从句。It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。It动词/动词短语(see
10、m，appear，happen，matter，turn out，occur to，make no difference等)that从句。It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人呆着。(2)it作形式主语，连接代词、连接副词或whether/if引导的主语从句作真正的主语。It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have tak
11、en it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。It is not immediately clear whether/if the financial crisis will soon be over.经济危机是否会很快结束，短时间内不会很明显。(单句语法填空)1(2020江苏卷)It is not a problem _ we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.解析：考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，表示
12、“是否”，故填whether。答案：whether2(2021郑州市第三次质量检测)But perhaps _ many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food.解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，表示“的事物”，所以填what。答案：what3(2021合肥市第三次质量检测)It is estimated _ coral reefs contribute billions of dollars to the world economy annually，providin
13、g food，protection of shorelines，and jobs.解析：考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，It在句中作形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句结构和意义完整，所以填that。答案：that4(2021江西名校学术联盟质检)_was most difficult was that in order to realize this dream，I needed to find an existent caf that wasnt doing well.解析：句意：最困难的是为了实现这个梦想，我需要找到一家经营不好的实体咖啡店。“_was most difficult”为主语从句
14、，该从句缺少主语且设空处表示“事物”，故填What。答案：What5(2021昆明质量检测)Kenney said，“_is good news that this public health problem has a simple solution.”解析：考查名词性从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为包含that引导的主语从句的主从复合句，It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。答案：It6(2021福建龙岩五校期中)Therefore，it is advisable_you should value and treat them with care.解析：句意为：因此人们建议你应
15、该珍惜、谨慎对待它们。“_you should value and treat them with care”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。答案：that1引导表语从句的词有：连接词that，whether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever 等；连接副词when，where，why，how，从句用陈述语序。Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得
16、自己本来可以用不同的方法来表达。Id like to start my own businessthats what Id do if I had the money.我愿意自己创业那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。2as if/as though引导的表语从句as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词seem，look，taste，sound，feel，appear等动词之后。The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.厚重的烟雾覆
17、盖着整个城市。好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。3because，why引导的表语从句because，why也可引导表语从句，但because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause(该结构常用that引导)。常用于以下句型。(1)This is because.这是因为(强调原因)(2)The reason why.is that.的原因是(3)That is why.那就是的原因(强调结果)From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is co
18、vered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%被水所覆盖。The reason why he didnt pass the exam was that he was too careless.他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。常见的表语从句句型：(1)It looks/seems as if.好像；仿佛The question/problem is whether/when/where.问题是(2)His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that.他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是(3)what从句bethat从句What surp
19、rised us most was that he came late again.最让我们惊讶的是他又迟到了。(单句语法填空/单句改错)1(2021福州市毕业班适应性练习)However，the fact is _ bats play a significant role in keeping a balanced ecosystem.解析：考查连接词。句意：然而，事实是蝙蝠在保持生态系统平衡方面起着重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中不做句子成分，所以填that。答案：that2(2021福建福州二模)The problem is_one less hour of
20、 sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.解析：句意为：问题是少睡一小时不等同于额外的一小时的成就。分析句子结构可知，is后为表语从句，从句的结构和句意完整，故填that。答案：that3(2021邯郸一模)I imagine this is that foreigners feel when they visit China!解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导表语从句，并在从句中作方式状语，应用how引导该从句，故将that改为how。答案：thathow1that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语从句中只能
21、省略第一个that)，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只是起连接作用。what引导时，在从句中充当成分，且有意义。Im writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。2在whether/if连接的宾语从句中，whether/if意为“是否”，但在whether.or not结构中，或者whether引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时，以及whetherto do结构中和whether引导的从句作少数动词(如leave，put，discuss
22、，doubt，know等)的宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if来替换。Weve offered her the job，but I dont know whether shell accept it.我们已经为她提供了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受。I dont know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。3连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo tak
23、en with the movie star.我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。4有些动词或动词短语，如like，hate，appreciate，depend on，see to等，一般不直接跟从句，需要借助it。You may depend on it that she will go with you.你可以相信她会与你一起去。5当主句的主语是第一人称时，在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的，就运用否定转移，将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上。I dont believe she will attend the meeti
24、ng.我认为她不会来参加该会议。6it作形式宾语，真正的宾语后置，常用此种结构的及物动词有find，make，think，feel，consider等。I find it important that we should keep calm in danger.我发现我们在危险中保持镇静是很重要的。7不论主句为何种句型，宾语从句都用陈述语序。(单句语法填空/单句改错)1(2021烟台市高考诊断性测试)Along with this，Max has traveled to Africa several times to donate equipment and coach the kids，de
25、veloping Angels at Bat into _ it is today.解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，表示“的事物”，故用what。答案：what2(2021山西省八校高三第一次联考)“We want to figure out _you dont feel safe in your neighborhood，” ONeill said.解析：考查名词性从句。根据下文提到的一些原因可知，此处表示“我们想要搞清楚你们为什么感觉不安全”。宾语从句中表示为什么，所以用why引导。答案：why3(2021湖南株洲二中月考)With an optimistic at
26、titude and a strong will，we can overcome _difficulties we might meet with and achieve our goals.解析：句意为：带着乐观的态度和强烈的愿望，我们能够克服可能遇到的任何困难，取得成功。通过分析句子可知，overcome后为宾语从句，动词短语meet with后缺少宾语，再结合句意可知用whatever修饰名词difficulties引导宾语从句。答案：whatever4(2021湖南师大附中模拟)When I went to the kitchen to get my breakfast，I was a
27、stonished at which I saw.解析：在名词性从句中which和what都为连接代词，但which表示“哪一个”，而what表示“的事情”。故whichwhat。答案：whichwhat5(2021柳州市模拟)We should make full use of time to do that should be done.解析：do后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语。故thatwhat。答案：thatwhat1同位语从句通常用that引导，that无词义也不作成分，但是不能省略，从句用陈述语序。同位语从句还可用whether，when，where，why，how等引导。2接
28、同位语从句的常见名词：fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt，promise，question等。I made a promise to myself that this year，my first year in high school，would be different.我对自己做出承诺：今年，是我上高中的第一年，将会与以往不同。I have no idea where the journalist could have got his information from.我不知道那个记者从哪里得
29、到的消息。(单句语法填空/ 单句改错)1(2021湖北部分重点中学联考)This should serve as a warning_people should be aware of their surroundings，especially when crossing roads.解析：warning后是同位语从句，设空处后的句子无论是结构还是意思都是完整的，设空处所填的词只起连接作用，没有任何实际意义，故填that。答案：that2(2021山东师大附中模拟)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and
30、future life.解析：考查that引导的同位语从句。There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问”，固定句式。答案：whetherthat3(2021遵义航天高级中学模拟)And you should also have a belief you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.解析：考查同位语从句。belief后为同位语从句，that不可缺失。答案：belief后加that4(2021武汉武昌区调研)Last term，I couldnt accept the truth which I failed in my math examination.解析：考查名词性从句。名词truth后为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that。答案：whichthat
