1、广东省肇庆市2020届高三英语第二次统一检测试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因测试不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAttra
2、ctive lakeside cottages and cabinsLafittes Landing Guest Quarters, Uncertain, TexasThere are five cottages featuring high ceilings and spacious bedrooms. Lafittes is a certified Backyard Wildlife Habitat, so you dont have to go far for bird-watching. Explore the lake on a steamboat, or head to Caddo
3、 Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches.Rates: Summer nightly rates range from $559 to $1,899Lake Placid Lodge, Lake Placid, New YorkWith 17 cabins sitting along the shores of Lake Placid, the arts-and-crafts-style Lake Placid Lodge offers an exciting summer lake exp
4、erience. Lakefront cabins come outfitted with hand-built beds and stone fireplaces. Go for a hike, or hit the lake for swimming, fishing, or boating.Rates: Rates are $120 per night for double occupancy; each additional person is $20 per night.Lake Crescent Lodge, Olympic National Park, WashingtonIts
5、 cottages and cabins are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages, or stay in the always favored (and often booked) Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins. Spend your days hiking in the surrounding Olympic National Park, or exploring Lake Cres
6、cent by boat.Rates: Nightly rates for cottages and cabins range between $317 and $398.Tamarack Lodge Resort, Mammoth Lakes, CaliforniaIt is on the peaceful shores of the Twin Lakes. Choose between recently built Deluxe Cabins and old wood-and-stone cabins. Swimming, fishing, boating, biking, and hik
7、ing are popular pastimes.Rates: Summer cabin rates range from $369 to $999 per night.1. Where can you observe bats at night?A. At Caddo Lake State ParkB. At Lake PlacidC. At Olympic National ParkD. At the Twin Lakes2. If three people share one room in Lake Placid Lodge, how much will they pay?A. $60
8、B. $120C. $140D. $3603. Which of the following is difficult to reserve?A. Cottages at Lafittes Landing Guest QuartersB. Cabins at Lake Placid LodgeC. Deluxe CabinsD. Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文章主要讲述了几个适合游玩的迷人的湖边小屋，并对每个景点的特点进行了描述。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Lafittes Landing Guest Qua
9、rters, Uncertain, Texas部分中Explore the lake on a steamboat, or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches.可知乘坐汽船探索湖泊，或前往Caddo湖州立公园进行夜间探险，如猫头鹰之夜和蝙蝠观鸟。由此可知，晚上在Caddo湖州立公园可以观察到蝙蝠。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Lake Placid Lodge, Lake Placid, New York部分中Rates: Rates are $120
10、per night for double occupancy; each additional person is $20 per night.可知价格：双人房每晚120英镑，每多一个人，则加收20英镑。由此可知，三个人住一个房间的话，收费应该是120+20=140英镑。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Lake Crescent Lodge, Olympic National Park, Washington部分中Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages, or stay in the always favored
11、(and often booked) Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins.可知你可以选择一间和两间卧室的Singer Tavern小屋，或者住在一直受到青睐（经常被预订）的Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins。由此可知，Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins比较难预订到。故选D。BGrowing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas(公式) and taking tests, all for
12、 the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was “slow”. But my problem wasnt with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.By high school, no one told me that I could become a professiona
13、l mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.The chances of that happening were very low. But that didnt stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushin
14、g me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholarship.I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesso
15、n plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈).Until I got to college, I didnt really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious(耗时费力的
16、) calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasnt easy, but it was fascinating. My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them, even though I couldnt always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing
17、had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a Ph. D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute o
18、f Technology.4. Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before entering college?A. Because he wasnt interested in math.B. Because his math teachers didnt care to push him.C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class.D. Because he was training hard for a
19、n athletic scholarship.5. According to the writer students are affected by the following things from teachers or coaches EXCEPT _.A. a sense of purposeB. constant feedbackC. passionD. specific instructions6. We can conclude that after entering college, the writer _.A. was busy looking for math probl
20、ems to solveB. studied on his own just as he was in high schoolC. met with laborious calculations in his studiesD. began to realize what mathematics really is7. What is the best title for the text?A. Interest is the best teacherB. Be the bestyou can make itC. Math, taught like footballD. Once your t
21、eacher, always your teacher【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者上大学前一直以为数学课是要忍受的，而不是享受的。后来在足球教练的鼓励下，作者进入一所排名前十的大学。作者希望数学老师也能像足球教练一样常鼓励他，推动他努力。【4题详解】推理判断题。在文章第三段中提到“But that didnt stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it.”，作者的足
22、球教练们总是鼓励作者相信自己能实现目标，并且推动作者为之努力；第四段中提到“I wish math teachers were more like football coaches.”作者希望数学老师要像足球教练一样（能鼓励他，推动他努力）。因此可以推断，在上大学前，作者认为“数学课是要忍受的，而不是享受的”是因为他觉得数学老师没有像足球教练一样很注意鼓励他。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they
23、seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈). （学生还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出回应，他们还会寻求一种使目标感。他们还受益于老师明确的指示和持续的反馈。）”可知，老师的热情、明确的指示和持续的反馈都会影响到学生。根据句中“they seek a sense of purpose.”可知，目标感是学生自己追求的，不是老师对他们的影响。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Until I got to college, I didnt reall
24、y know what mathematics was.”和下文的 “The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity.（它给了我同样的惊奇感和好奇心，并且它回报我以创造力。）”可以得出结论，直到上了大学，作者觉得数学研究与在高中课堂上的数学几乎没有什么共同之处，作者才真正意识到数
25、学是什么。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。作者上大学前一直以为上数学课很乏味，觉得就是为了考试分数。到了高中，在足球教练的经常鼓励下，作者进入一所排名前十的大学。文章第四段中提到“I wish math teachers were more like football coaches.”，作者希望数学老师能像足球教练那样多鼓励他，推动他努力。因为影响学生学习的除了教学之外，还有老师的热情。因此文章的标题应该为“像教足球一样教数学”。故选C项。CYou have probably read about robots replacing human labor as a new era of a
26、utomation takes root in one industry after another. But a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.In New Zealand, farmers are using drones(无人机) to herd and monitor cows and sheep, taking up a position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century.
27、The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animals most powerful tools: barking. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker,
28、giving the machine the ability to act as the dogs.Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. Thats the one thing Ive noticed when youre moving cows that the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, theyve never done that, he said, noting the dro
29、nes move cows faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.The drones come in handy for more than just herding(放牧) cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals health without disturbing them. Jason Rentoul told R
30、NZ that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone. Being a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done on foot, the drones really saved a lot of man hours, he said.For now, farmers say, there is still a need for
31、herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.8. What is the main advantage of the drones over herding dogs?A. The drones can take up a job that the dogs hardly do well any longer.
32、B. The drones can frighten the old cows which are not afraid of the dogs.C. The drones can finish a herding job more efficiently than the dogs.D. The drones can work on a hilly farm and extreme weather while the dogs cant.9. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Herdi
33、ng dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland.B. The drones can only copy the dogs barking with the current technology.C. The drones are multi-functional and leave the animals undisturbed.D. The market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price.10. According
34、to the passage, why cant the drones replace the dogs entirely?A. Because the drones cant bark as loudly as the dogs do.B. Because cows are not used to seeing the drones.C. Because the drones are much more expensive than the animal.D. Because the drones power is limited and they need charging from ti
35、me to time.11. What is the authors attitude towards the drones in the passage?A. supportiveB. objectiveC. criticalD. doubtful【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍随着无人驾驶飞机技术的发展，很多农民开始使用无人驾驶飞机，帮助他们饲养动物和种植庄稼。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisi
36、ngly effective(科里.兰贝思是一个农场的牧羊人，他告诉RNZ，这些机器的效率出奇的高)可知，与牧羊犬相比，无人机的主要优势是能比狗更有效地完成放牧任务。C. The drones can finish a herding job more efficiently than the dogs.( 无人机能比狗更有效地完成放牧任务)符合以上说法，故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的Thats the one thing Ive noticed when youre moving cows that the old cows stand up to the dogs, b
37、ut with the drones, theyve never done that(这是我在赶奶牛时注意到的一件事，那就是老奶牛站起来对抗狗，但是有了无人机，它们从来没有这么做过)和第四段的The drones come in handy for more than just herding(放牧) cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals health withou
38、t disturbing them.(无人机不仅能在放牧派上用场。这些机器人还可以让农民在不打扰动物的情况下，从远处检测他们的土地，检测水和饲料量，以及检查动物的健康)可知，无人机是多功能的，且可以让动物不受干扰。C. The drones are multi-functional and leave the animals undisturbed.(无人机是多功能，且不让动物受干扰)符合以上说法，故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 For now, farmers say, there is still a need for herding dogs， primarily
39、because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge(农民们说，目前仍然需要放牧狗，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时就有一个电源插座来充电)可知，无人机不能完全代替狗，因为无人机的能量有限，它们需要不时充电。D. Because the drones power is limited and they need charging
40、 from time to time.( 因为无人机的能量有限，它们需要不时充电)符合以上说法，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的The drones come in handy for more than just herding(放牧) cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals health without disturbing them. .
41、(无人机不仅能在放牧派上用场。这些机器人还可以让农民在不打扰动物的情况下，从远处检测他们的土地，检测水和饲料量，以及检查动物的健康)最后一段的 For now, farmers say, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge(农民们说，目前仍然需要放牧狗
42、，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时就有一个电源插座来充电)可知，作者既陈述了无人机的优点，也陈述了它的不足之处。由此推测，作者对无人驾驶飞机的态度是客观的。B. objective(客观的)符合以上说法，故选B项。DRecently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger, an all-plant patty(人造肉饼) invented by Impossible Foods. Its well known for having an strangely chewy(有
43、咀嚼感), even bloody, meat-like quality, a surprising verisimilitude(逼真) that has made it perhaps the countrys most famous burger, as New York magazine wrote. One bite into its wonderful, smoky taste and, damn, I was convinced.This is good news, because the time has come to consume fake meat. In the fi
44、ght against climate change, meat replacement is something we can try. A University of Oxford study recently found that, to keep global warming below 2 degrees this century, we need to be eating 75 percent less beef and 90 percent less pork.However, diets are culturally enshrined, so changing them wi
45、ll be hard. It isnt easy to replace 75 to 90 percent of beef and pork with fake meat. The first taste of an Impossible Burgera moment when low expectations work a powerful magic in the products favoris one thing. But how do you keep meat-eaters asking for more after their sixth, and their 26th？To ge
46、t to true mass adoption, fake meat will need to compete favorably with the real thing on multiple fronts. Impossible Foods goal is to drive the price of its product below that of Safeways 80/20 hamburger meat, at which point people will simply vote with their wallets. The new industry also wants to
47、improve on animal flesh in various ways. Fake meat has an advantage over traditional meat because you wont need to refrigerate it cofounder Niko Koffeman says. Plus, custom(定制的) production could improve choice. You could have very soft and tender meat for elderly people, Koffeman adds. You could hav
48、e a tailored meat for whatever you need.You can tell the world is shifting this way, because the ranchers(牧场主) are nervous. Last year, the US Cattlemens Association asked the government to define meat as a product coming directly from animals. That anxietyand the power of the science driving itgoes
49、to show that this grand shift isnt impossible.12. According to passage, the author was convinced by the Impossible Burger because_.A. it has a special taste that is different from normal ones.B. it contains all non-meat materials that taste like meat.C. more vegetables are used as main materials for
50、 the burger.D. one bite of this burger can provide people with the energy needed for a whole day.13. What does the author mean by saying Diets are culturally enshrined?A. That people think their diet is the best in the world.B. That people are unwilling to go against their culture by changing their
51、diets.C. That peoples preference for food is linked to the food choice available to them.D. That peoples eating habits are consistently observed and closely connected with their culture.14. Which of the following statements is true about the advantages that fake meat will have to beat over tradition
52、al meat?A. Fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator.B. The price of fake meat will be just one-fourth of traditional meats.C. Fake meat will win over older people thanks to its tender and soft taste.D. Fake meat will own a taste that is not found in traditional meat.15. What can we
53、 infer from the last paragraph?A. Meat must come from animals.B. The world will probably embrace the idea of fake meat.C. The ranchers are suffering economic loss due to fake meat.D. The definition of meat has been changed because of fake meat.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章由作者品尝Impossible
54、 Burger的话题为切入点，主要讲述了肉类代替品的发展，以及它们的优势，而且作者相信假肉会代替真肉。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Recently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger, an all-plant patty(人造肉饼) invented by Impossible Foods. Its well known for having an strangely chewy(有咀嚼感), even bloody, meat-like quality, (最近我到本地一家餐馆去尝Impossi
55、ble Burger，一个由“不可能食物”研发的全植物人造肉饼。它有奇怪的咀嚼感，甚至血腥，像肉的品质)和One bite into its wonderful, smoky taste and, damn, I was convinced.(咬一口它那奇妙的烟熏味，我立刻就相信了)可知，在品尝之后，作者终于相信Impossible Burger 虽然不含肉，但有肉的味道。B. it contains all non-meat materials that taste like meat.(它含有不是肉,但尝起来是肉味的材料)符合以上说法，故选B项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段的How
56、ever, diets are culturally enshrined, so changing them will be hard.(然而，饮食在文化上是不可亵渎的，因此改变它们很困难。)可知，划线部分的意思是，饮食习惯是人们按照当地文化长期遵从的。D. That peoples eating habits are consistently observed and closely connected with their culture.(人们的饮食习惯一直被遵从，且与文化密切相关)符合以上说法，故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Fake meat has an adv
57、antage over traditional meat because you wont need to refrigerate it cofounder Niko Koffeman says.( 联合创始人Niko Koffeman说，假肉比起传统肉来有优势，因为你不需要将它冷藏)可知，假肉比传统肉更有优势，因为假肉不一定需要放在冰箱里。A. Fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator.(假肉不一定需要储存在冰箱里)符合以上说法，故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的That anxietyand the
58、 power of the science driving itgoes to show that this grand shift isnt impossible.(焦虑和科学的力量推动它，表明这种重大转变并非不可能)可推测，世界可能会接受假肉的想法。B. The world will probably embrace the idea of fake meat.(世界可能会接受假肉的想法)符合以上说法，故选B项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you think studying in a
59、different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. _16_ You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.Th
60、e first stage is called the honeymoon. In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. _17_Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the hostility stage. _18_ You become tired of many things about the new cultu
61、re. Moreover, people dont treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.Then you come to the third stage called recovery. You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of eve
62、rything you dont understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. _19_The last stage of culture shock is called adjustment. _20_ The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new
63、 culture.A. Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country.B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture.C. You like everything and everybody seems to be so nice to you.D. You recover from the s
64、ymptoms of the first two stages.E. In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter.F. However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it.G. You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought i
65、t was.【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在不同的国家学习是一个新的体验，但也要注意文化冲击。【16题详解】后文You will experience culture shock. (你会经历文化冲击。)与E. In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. (然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战。)承接自然，选项所指的挑战，就是下文提到的文化冲击，故选E项。【17题详
66、解】前文In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. (在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙。)与C. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you(你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好。)承接自然，因为感到兴奋和巧妙，所以对一切都很喜欢，此外excitement和nice, like是关键词，故选C项。【18题详解】后文Yo
67、u become tired of many things about the new culture(你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦)与G. You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was(你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好)承接自然，因为感到厌倦，所以认为一些东西不是当初想象的那样给美好，此外bored和not as good as是关键词，故选G项。【19题详解】前文The whole situation starts to become mo
68、re favorable(整个形势开始好转)与D. You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages(你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来)承接自然，且选项中的recover和本段的中心句Then you come to the third stage called recovery.中的recovery是关键词，故选D项。【20题详解】下文The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.
69、(那些一开始让你不舒服或者感到奇怪的东西，现在你都理解了)与B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture(你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化)承接自然，understand是关键词，故选B项。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。F
70、or centuries, Beijing has been one of Chinas most important cities. _21_ a place for emperors and officials, today it is an international city and a popular tourist_22_. People from all over the country are moving to Beijing to _23_ jobs and opportunities as this exciting city is a place where dream
71、s can come true. Throughout the city, _24_ dressed business people _25_ for their offices, mobile phones held to their ears and visitors can only watch and imagine the deals and _26_ being made at that very second.Beijings streets provide a fascinating _27_ of the past and the present. In tea houses
72、, groups of old men play chess _28_ the Macdonalds next door is filled with laughing teenagers sipping milkshakes. Walking through the broad streets _29_ with designer stores and multi-storey skyscrapers, you can_30_ a turn and suddenly find yourself in a centurys old _31_ where a fruit seller chats
73、 happily to an old woman sitting in the sun. Many of the road signs and advertising billboards are now in _32_, making Beijing more _33_to foreigners. Public transport is efficient, new businesses are _34_, and every modern convenience and international brand is _35_ in this booming global city.Beij
74、ing has some of Chinas most stunning _36_. Visitors often come to Beijing with the single _37_ to see the Great Wall, one of the ancient wonders of the world, but once theyve arrived, they realize that this is only one of the citys _38_. In fact, what visitors ever seem to only_39_about Beijing, is
75、that they simply_40_time before seeing it all.21. A. SeparatelyB. ImportantlyC. OriginallyD. Specially22. A. placeB. destinationC. sceneryD. feast23. A. search forB. look intoC. race withD. struggle against24. A. casuallyB. seriouslyC. smartlyD. traditionally25. A. callB. workC. advertiseD. head26.
76、A. benefitsB. fortunesC. callsD. appointments27. A. developmentB. descriptionC. introductionD. mix28. A. whileB. whenC. asD. although29. A. filledB. accompaniedC. linedD. equipped30. A. takeB. crossC. findD. face31. A. shopB. squareC. houseD. lane32. A. EnglishB. ChineseC. sightD. order33. A. attrac
77、tiveB. impressiveC. unforgettableD. accessible34. A. changingB. growingC. tradingD. declining35. A. affordableB. beneficialC. availableD. significant36. A. sightsB. traditionsC. eventsD. records37. A. advantageB. desireC. benefitD. routine38. A. descriptionsB. attractionsC. possessionsD. marks39. A.
78、 enjoyB. travelC. complainD. praise40. A. take upB. get rid ofC. make use ofD. run out of【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了北京一直是中国最重要的城市之一，也是著名的旅游城市，以及它目前的发展。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：原来是皇帝和
79、官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。A. Separately单独；BImportantly重要的是；COriginally 最初；DSpecially特别地。根据下文的today it is an international city和尝试可知，此处用“原来”符合语境，故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。A. place地点；Bdestination目的地；Cscenery 风景；Dfeast 盛宴。根据下文的visitors can only watch and imagine the
80、deals and _6_ being made at that very second.可知此处用“旅游目的地”符合语境，故选B项。23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：来自全国各地的人们正搬到北京寻找工作和机会，因为这个令人兴奋的城市是一个梦想可以实现的地方。A. search for寻找；Blook into 调查；Crace with与赛跑；Dstruggle against抗争。根据下文的jobs and opportunities可知此处用“寻找”符合语境，故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在整个城市，穿着利落的商务人士去他们的办公室，手机放在他们的耳朵上，游客只能看到
81、和想象在那一秒的交易和财富。A. casually随便；Bseriously 严肃的；Csmartly聪明地，利落地；Dtraditionally传统上。根据下文的business people可知此处用“穿着利落”符合语境，故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在整个城市，穿着利落的商务人士去他们的办公室，手机放在他们的耳朵上，游客只能看到和想象在那一秒的交易和财富。 Acall呼叫；B work 工作；Cadvertise 宣传；Dhead朝着。根据句意可知，此处考查短语head for“前往”，故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在整个城市，穿着利落的商务人士去他们
82、的办公室，手机放在他们的耳朵上，游客只能看到和想象在那一秒的交易和财富。Abenefits好处；Bfortunes 命运，财富；Ccalls 电话；Dappointments 约会。根据上文的business people和the deals，可知此处用“财富”符合语境，故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：北京的街道提供了一个迷人的过去和现在的混合。Adevelopment发展；Bdescription说明；Cintroduction导言；Dmix 混合。根据下文的the past and the present可知此处用“混合”符合语境，故选D项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。
83、句意：在茶馆里，一群老人在下棋，而隔壁的麦当劳到处都是爱笑的青少年在喝奶昔。A. while而；B. when当；C. as当，因为，随着；D. although尽管。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，用“而”符合语境，故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天。Afilled填充；Baccompanied 陪伴；Clined沿形成行/列；Dequipped装备。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语be lined with“与并列”，故选C项。【30题
84、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天。A. take带走；Bcross 十字架；Cfind查找；Dface 脸。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take a turn“转弯”，故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天。Ashop商店；Bsquare 广场；Chouse 房子；Dlane 巷子。根据下文的wher
85、e a fruit seller chats happily to an old woman sitting in the sun可推测他们此时在一个小巷子里，故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易理解北京。AEnglish英语；BChinese 中文；Csight视线；Dorder 命令。根据下文的making Beijing more _13_to foreigners可知，此处用“英语”符合语境，故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易理解北京。A attracti
86、ve吸引人；B impressive 令人印象深刻；Cunforgettable 难忘的；Daccessible容易理解的。根据句意可知，此处是指用英语制作广告牌的目的是为了让外国人更容易理解北京，故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可以找到的。Achanging改变；Bgrowing 增长；C trading交易；Ddeclining 衰落的。结合上下文可知，本文主要讲述北京的迅速发展，再根据上文的new businesses可知此处用“增长”符合语境，故选B项。【35题详解】考查形
87、容词词义辨析。句意：公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可以找到的。Aaffordable负担得起；Bbeneficial有益的；Cavailable可找到的；Dsignificant 重要的。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为北京的迅速发展，很多便利设施和国际品牌都可以在北京找到，故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：北京有一些中国最令人惊叹的景点。A. sights景点；B traditions 传统；C. events事件；D. records记录。根据下文的Visitors often come to Beijing w
88、ith the single _17_ to see the Great Wall可知，此处用“景点”符合语境，故选A项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：游客来北京往往只想看长城，世界古代奇迹之一，但一旦他们到了，他们就会意识到这只是这个城市的景点之一。Aadvantage优势；Bdesire 愿望，渴望；Cbenefit 利益；Droutine路线。结合常识可知，很多外国人到北京都想看长城，故此处用“渴望”符合语境，故选B项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：游客来北京往往只想看长城世界古代奇迹之一，但一旦他们到了，他们就会意识到这只是这个城市的景点之一。A. descriptio
89、ns说明；Battractions 景点；Cpossessions财产；Dmarks 标记。结合常识可知，长城是北京众多景点中的一个，故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京的是，他们在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了。A. enjoy享受；Btravel旅行；Ccomplain抱怨；Dpraise 赞扬。根据下文的is that they simply_20_time before seeing it all.可知此处用“抱怨”符合语境，故选C项。【40题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京的是，他们在看到这一切之前，就已经没有时间
90、了。A. take up拿起；Bget rid of摆脱；Cmake use of 利用；Drun out of用完。结合上下文可知，游客们没有更多的时间参观北京的其它景点，因为他们的时间已经用完了，故选D项。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In modern India, polluting sectors continue to be important pillars of the economy. Many argue that any attempt to get rid of coal would r
91、esult _41_ a widespread loss of jobs. _42_ (similar), much of Indias commercial transport is run on diesel(柴油). The idea of replacing diesel trucks and cars with cleaner electric powered vehicles _43_(consider) too expensive. As the change from coal to natural gas would increase their operating _44_
92、 (cost), business owners fear becoming less _45_ (compete) in an increasingly global market.One of the _46_ (large) contributors to air pollution in India, especially in the north of the country, is the agricultural sector. Every year, between October and November, thousands of farmers burn harvest
93、residue(剩余物) as _47_ prepare fields for the new crop. The practice, _48_ (know) as stubble burning, leads to a smoky haze(雾霾) forming in much of northern India.The government _49_ (try) to encourage the use of green technology, such as so-called Happy Seeder machines _50_ can sow seeds without havin
94、g to remove the agricultural residue. However, this has proven to be expensive.【答案】41. in 42. Similarly 43. is considered 44. costs 45. competitive 46. largest 47. they 48. known 49. has tried 50. that / which【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章提到在印度污染部门是印度经济的重要支柱。文章分析了其原因所在。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意：许多人认为，任何摆脱煤炭的尝试都会导致大量失业。分析句子，
95、result in 导致的结果。此处是固定短语，故填in。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：同样，印度的大部分商业运输也使用柴油。分析句子，提示词的词性为形容词，不可放句首。故需将形容词改为副词放句首修饰整个句子。故填Similarly。【43题详解】考查被动语态。句意：用更清洁的电动汽车取代柴油卡车和汽车的想法被认为过于昂贵。分析句子，简单句除了提示词外无其余动词，故需填动词的时态。consider和逻辑主语The idea之间表示被动逻辑且时态表示客观实在性。所以此处需填一般现在时的被动。故填is considered。【44题详解】考查名词的数。句意：因为从煤到天然气的转变会增加它们的运营成
96、本。分析句子，operating 译为“操作的，运营的”词性是形容词，后面修饰名词。cost译为“成本，费用，代价”词性是名词，可以直接被operating修饰，但需表示复数。故填costs。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：企业主们担心在日益全球化的市场上竞争力会下降。分析句子，becoming译为“变得”是系动词，后面修饰形容词作表语。所以需将compete变为形容词。故填competitive。【46题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：造成印度空气污染的最大因素之一是农业，尤其是在印度北部地区。分析句子，one of 译为“其中之一”后面修饰形容词时，需要用形容词的最高级。故填largest。
97、【47题详解】考查代词。句意：每年10月到11月之间，成千上万的农民焚烧收获残渣，为新作物做准备。分析句子，从句部分需找代词来指代前面的“农民们”。故填they。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种被称为烧残茬的做法导致印度北部大部分地区出现烟雾。分析句子，be known as 译为“作为而被熟知”，是固定短语。句中的be动词被省略，剩余用过去分词作状语。故填known。【49题详解】考查现在完成时。句意：政府已经尝试鼓励使用绿色技术。分析句子，简单句中除了try外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。根据现在完成时的基本用法：动作发生在过去，持续到现在并且对现在产生影响。分析句意，此处表示
98、“已经”尝试过了。此处的动词符合现在完成时的基本用法，且此处动词和逻辑主语之间表示主动。故填has tried。【50题详解】考查定语从句。句意：比如所谓的“快乐播种机”，这种机器播种时无需清除农业残留物。分析句子，定语从句部分缺主语。此处需用关系代词。先行词指物，故填that/which。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加词。删
99、除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从笫11处起)不计分。My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school. I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students. Because his positive method, I eager answered all the questions I c
100、ould, never worrying much about make mistakes. However, my experience in senior school was very difference from before. When my former teacher had been patient with all the student, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. As a result, not only did he lose my joy in answerin
101、g questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English.【答案】1. begins began2. which who/that3. Because后加of4. eager eagerly5. make making6. difference different7. When While8. student students9. he I10. 删除in后的the【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从初中到高中经历过的不同老师的教学方法的故事。初中老师鼓励大胆发言，不计较
102、犯错。高中老师严格要求，一说错就惩罚。高中老师的教学方法让作者逐渐失去了信心。【详解】1. 考查时态。结合上下文可知，本句讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将begins改为began。2. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词teacher在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who/that，故将which改为who/that。3. 考查介词。因his positive method是一个名词词组，应用短语because of“由于/因为”，故在Because后加of。4. 考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用eager的副词修饰动词answer，故将eager改为eagerly。
103、5. 考查动名词。分析句子可知，此处应用make的动名词作为介词about的宾语，故将make改为making。6. 考查形容词。此处是固定短语be different from“与不同”，该短语中应用形容词different作为表语，故将difference改为different。7. 考查连词。句意：以前的老师对所有学生都有耐心，而新老师则总是迅速惩罚那些回答错误的人。根据句意可知，此处是对比作者的两个老师，用while“然而”符合语境，故将When改为While。8. 考查名词的数。students“学生”是可数名词，根据all判断用复数形式，故将student改为students。9.
104、 考查代词。因此，我不仅失去了回答问题的乐趣，同时也完全失去了用英语表达的渴望。根据句意可知，此处是指作者本人，故将he改为I。10. 考查冠词。此处考查固定短语in English“用英语”，故删in后的the。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你要完成一项关于中美学生寒假生活的调查，请给你的美国笔友Peter写一封信，交流相关信息。要点如下：1.写信的原因；2.介绍中国学生的寒假生活：时长约20天；过春节等3.询问美国学生的寒假生活。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Peter_Yours,Li Hua【答案】DearPeter，Ho
105、w is everything？Im doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays. In China, the winter vacation is usually about twenty days long. It falls during the Chinese New Year, so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities, such as visiting family, eati
106、ng lots of foods, and most importantly, getting lucky money! During the holiday many students will also go travelling with their parents. Unfortunately, they cant travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break. Many must even attend special holiday cla
107、sses.What about in the USA？How do the students spend the winter holidays there？Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给笔友Peter写信，介绍中国学生的寒假生活，并询问美国学生的寒假生活，以收集素材完成一项关于美国学生寒假生活的调查。【详解】体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主结构：总分总 要求：1.写信的原因；2.介绍中国学生的寒假生活：时长约20天；过春节等3.询问美国学生的寒假生活。第二步：列提纲（重
108、点词组）spend/ take part in/ travel/ attend/ look forward to/ fall on/ lucky money/ accompany第三步：连词成句1. How is everything？2. Im doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays.3. In China, the winter vacation is usually about twenty days long. 4.It falls during the Chines
109、e New Year, so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities, such as visiting family, eating lots of foods, and most importantly, getting lucky money! 5. During the holiday many students will also go travelling with their parents. 6. Unfortunately, they cant travel for long becaus
110、e Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break. 7. Many must even attend special holiday classes.8. What about in the USA？9. How do the students spend the winter holidays there？10. Im looking forward to your reply.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Im doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays.中how引导宾语从句。
