1、必修5Module 1British and American English.话题延读We do not usually think about how our language works. Talking is such a natural,everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works. When we do study our language, though,we are often surprised that we are able to understand our c
2、onversations.Words can mean so many different things. However, it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular. For example, the word“dog”can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream. It can also be used
3、to discuss a neighbors dog. No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”.This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words. So, when you have a conversation with your neigh
4、bor, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.The speaking situation also helps make language clearer. For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings. It can mean “a place where people keep money”,but it can also mean “the sid
5、e of a river”.So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear. It could mean “I went to the side of the river” or it could mean “I went to the place where my money is kept”.However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side
6、of a river”.The things that speakers say may not always be clear. Sometimes the words are not very particular, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning. Other times words may have many meanings. Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning. This extra knowledge from the situation i
7、s very important to understand language.1.The passage is mainly about .A.the best time and place to talk to others B.how speaking situation helps language work C.what to say in difficult situationsD.how our language works2.According to the passage, we can safely say that .A.a speaking situation does
8、 not affect the meaning of wordsB.speaking is not very natural for most people C.a speaking situation is not important D.people often do not consider how talking works3.By using the example of the word “dog”, the writer wants to show that .A.a word may need to be explained in a conversationB.a word
9、may have different meaningsC.speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a wordD.the meaning of words is not particular4.According to the passage, we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to .A.the time and the place where the conversation happensB.the occupat
10、ion of the person who uses the wordC.earlier or later parts of the conversationD.a reliable dictionary语篇解读:本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。答案及剖析:1.B主旨大意题。本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用,故选B。2.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not ofte
11、n stop to consider how it actually works.”可知,选D。3.C推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句话“First,the speaking situation helps make words more particular.”和下文的“For example”可知,下文正是用dog一词举例来论证第二段的第一句话,故选C。4.C细节理解题。根据第三段所讲,作者用bank一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义,故选C。.七选五(2018河北卓越联盟试题)Common-sense Safety Tips for Travelling Abroa
12、dWhen a holiday is just around the corner, you may be planning a trip abroad. But to enjoy a worry-free adventure abroad, you also should pay attention to the following common-sense safety tips for travelling abroad.1.Another reason to take only carry-on carriage besides avoiding baggage fees is tha
13、t the less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move, if necessary. You should always have a free hand. Besides, you wont be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.2.Lock it up.Leave your hotel with only what you need and lock up the rest. Take a lock for your luggage just in ca
14、se your hotel doesnt offer a safe.3. If you dont need all your cash and cards, dont take them all with you when you go out for a day of sightseeing or shopping. Also, leave your passport in the hotel. Make photocopies of all your important documents and leave the hotel with a copy of your passport p
15、lus a photo I.D.Why?4. If all of your identification is in it, imagine the trouble you have to go through to replace it all.Think and plan.Always keep in mind that, when you travel abroad, you are in a place you dont know well and you can always be a target. Trust your senses.5. After your arrival,
16、ask the hotel staff and locals about the areas you are thinking of visiting, especially at night. And you should walk in well-lit areas at night and know how to contact the local police with your cell phone or a payphone in a foreign country, if necessary.A.Travel light.B.Pay by credit card.C.Imagin
17、e having your bag stolen off a restaurant table.D.You should also make it a habit to take your watch with you.E.Plus, dragging lots of luggage is a dead giveaway (一次彻底的暴露) that you arent a local resident.F.You should call ahead to be sure, especially if your luggage is made of cloth material.G.You a
18、re smart and mature, so if something or some situation doesnt feel safe, it probably isnt.答案:15AEFCG .完形填空Most people are always complaining about having no time to accompany their children,but is it true?Two years ago,Shirley,a wife,mother and doctor,found herself worn out. She got up earlier,and w
19、ent to bed later,just to meet everyday 1,but lacked 2 for the things that mattered most. She and her husband,a lawyer,began searching for ways to 3 their lives.“We had to decide what was really 4,”says Shirley. They knew they wanted more time to 5 with their three-year-old son,to exercise and eat ri
20、ght,and to develop friendship. So the couple chose to live more simply, shopping with care for necessities and enjoying inexpensive 6 such as reading,cooking and going to the park.Then Shirley 7 her job and began working part-time. She printed business cards that 8 “At your service,buy 9 a little ti
21、me” and helped clients with personal tasks like shopping,paying bills and 10 parties.“I still work hard,but being able to control my hours makes a 11,”she says.“I can spare time to take my son to the 12 or play basketball with him. My stress and headaches are 13.”Shirley and her husband are 14 alone
22、 in wanting to 15 and live a satisfying life. A survey found that 54 percent of parents say they have little time with their children,and 47 percent of married couples 16 that they lack time together.17 does the time go?For most people,18 and commuting take up most of the day. Simplifying means beco
23、ming 19 of the ways we use money;we have to gain 20 over life and have time for the pleasures.1.A.activities B.demands C.services D.exercises2.A.time B.strength C.money D.ability3.A.lead B.adapt C.simplifyD.consider4.A.importantB.interestingC.hard D.comfortable5.A.study B.help C.meet D.play6.A.tasks
24、 B.places C.pleasuresD.goods7.A.found B.received C.took D.quitted8.A.wrote B.read C.showedD.told9.A.us B.yourself C.childrenD.herself10.A.organizingB.attending C.havingD.going11.A.life B.result C.differenceD.balance12.A.office B.hospital C.schoolD.park13.A.better B.gone C.strongD.obvious14.A.much to
25、o B.a bit C.far fromD.more than15.A.slow downB.settle downC.take offD.keep pace16.A.expect B.doubt C.imagineD.complain17.A.How B.When C.Where D.Why18.A.working B.reading C.shoppingD.travelling19.A.afraid B.aware C.proud D.sure20.A.value B.experienceC.successD.control语篇解读:本文叙述了Shirley是如何从繁重的工作和家务中摆脱出
26、来从而生活得更加从容和快乐的。答案及剖析:1.B从上文的描述可知,Shirley每天忙于琐事。meet everyday demands意为“满足每天的需求”,故选B。2.A因为忙于琐事,所以没时间做更重要的事情,故选A。3.C由下文的“live more simply”的暗示可知,选C。A项lead意思是“过(某种生活)”;B项adapt意思是“适应”;C项simplify意思是“使简单,使简化”;D项consider意思是“考虑”。4.A这里用important与上文中的“mattered most”照应,故选A。5.D由“take my son to the 12 or play bas
27、ketball with him”可知,他们想有更多的时间陪孩子玩耍,故选D。6.C根据后面列举的内容可知,此处表示享受不贵的乐事,故选C。7.D由“began working part-time”可知,她选择了辞职,故选D。8.B表示“卡片上写着”应该用read或者say,故选B。9.B根据“At your service”可知,应用yourself,故选B。10.A本句中列举了她为客户做的事情,比如购物、结算账单、组织聚会,故选A。11.C她仍然努力工作,但是能够控制时间起了作用,故选C。make a difference表示“有作用,有影响”。12.D与之前的生活对比,她现在有时间陪伴孩
28、子,带孩子去公园,和孩子打篮球,故选D。13.B随着时间的调整和日常活动的合理安排,她的精神状况也相应改善了,压力没有了,头痛也消失了。故选B。14.C根据下一句的“A survey found that 54 percent of parents say they have little time with their children”可知,不单单是Shirley夫妇想要放慢生活节奏。far from意思是“远非”,故选C。15.A参见上题剖析。16.D54%的父母说他们没时间陪伴孩子,也有47%的夫妇抱怨他们缺时间相处,故选D。17.C此处为根据上文的调查提出的疑问:时间都去哪儿了,故选C。18.A工作和长途乘车上下班占据了很多人的大部分日常时间,故选A。19.Bbecome aware of表示“清楚,意识到”,故选B。20.D由上文的“being able to control my hours”可知,此处指我们必须掌控生活,拥有快乐的时间。故选D。
