1、 假设你是李华，你的朋友Jack在海地留学，你从电视上了解到，2010年10月25日他所在的海地首都太子港发生霍乱（cholera）,你很为他担心。请根据所给出的建议，给Jack写封信，叮嘱他要保护好自己。(改编)建议：1.尽量呆在家里,少去人多的地方；2.勤洗手,讲卫生，要喝干净水；3.多开窗,保持空气流通；4.多吃洗干净的水果蔬菜。注意:1.词数120左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。范文背诵Dear Jack,Im worried about you because the cholera broke out in the capital city of Haiti,Taizi p
2、ort.I hope you can follow my advice on how to protect yourself from cholera.Here are a few suggestions.First,to stay away from this disease,you had better stay at home as much as possible and not go to places where there are many people.Then,wash your hands more often to keep them clean and drink cl
3、ean water.Besides,it is necessary to open the window to have more fresh air in the room.And you should eat more fruits and vegetables which are washed cleanly to keep yourself fit and strong.So far the disease is not so deadly as it seems to be.Do be at ease!Take care and youll be OK.Yours,Li Hua句型背
4、诵Im worried about you because the cholera broke out in the capital city of Haiti,Taizi port.you had better stay at home as much as possible and not go to places where there are many people.it is necessary to open the window to have more fresh air in the room.1._ vi.(指火山)爆发;突然发生_n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发2._ n.问
5、卷;调查表_n.&v.问题;询问3._ n.设备；装备_vt.装备;武装4._ vt.任命;委派_n.任命;约定5._ vt.评估;评价；估计_n.评估;评价6._n.波浪；波涛；vi.波动；起伏；挥手7._ adj.完全的;绝对的_adv.完全地;绝对地8._ vt.适合；使适宜;n.套装；一套外衣_adj.适合的9._n.潜在性；可能性；潜能；adj.潜在的；可能的10._adj.实在的；实际的_adv.实在地;实际地11._n.恐吓;威胁_v.恐吓;威胁 12._n.小说家 _n.小说13._n.雾 _adj.有雾的14._ adj.不舒服的；不舒适的 _adj.舒服的15._adj.失
6、去知觉的;未察觉的 _adj.有意识的16._ vt.射中;射伤 _n.枪炮声；射击17._adj.忧虑的;不安的 _n.焦虑;渴望;担心18._ vt.保证；担保答案：1.erupt;eruption 2.questionnaire;question3.equipment；equip 4.appoint；appointment5.evaluate；evaluation 6.wave 7.absolute；absolutely8.suit;suitable 9.potential 10.actual;actually11.threat；threaten 12.novelist；novel 13
7、.fog；foggy14.uncomfortable；comfortable 15.unconscious；conscious16.shoot；shot 17.anxious；anxiety 18.guarantee1.burn to the_ 全部焚毁2.make ones _ 前往3._ through 匆匆看一遍4._ from.to.由到不等5._ in 引进；引来6.meet _ sb.碰到/遇到某人7._ sb./sth.from.保护某人/某物免遭8.the first _ of.第一次看见 9.be _ asleep 睡得很熟10.be in _ 陷入恐慌（表状态）get _
8、a panic 陷入恐慌（表动作）11._ beabout.对怀着热情12.make an _ to do sth 努力做某事答案：1.ground 2.way 3.glance 4.vary 5.bring6.With 7.protect 8.sight 9.fast 10.panic;into11.enthusiastic 12.effort1._ _ _ _ the information,I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息
9、之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。2.I _ _ _ go back to sleep _ suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。3.we slowly _ _ _ _ the edge of the crater.我们缓缓往火山口的边缘走去答案：1.Having collected and evaluated2.was about to;when 3.made our way to1.appoint vt.任命；委派The teacher appointed him(to be)
10、monitor.老师任命他为班长。We appointed the school-house as place for the meeting.我们确定校舍为会面地点。He was appointed mayor of the city.他被任命为这个城市的市长。Our visitors arrived at the appointed time.我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。The leader appointed his secretary to take meeting notes.该领导人让他的秘书做好会议记录。常用结构：appoint sb.（to be）.任命某人为appoint
11、sb.to do sth.委派某人去做某事appoint sth.(for sth.)(为某事)确定（日期、场所等）【联想拓展】appointed adj.约定的；指定的appointment n.约会；约定；委任make an appointment with sb.与某人约会（非男女恋人之间的约会，主要指工作、商务方面的约会）keep/break ones appointment守约/违约【即学即练】完成句子校长任命他当新主任。The headmaster_ _ _ _ _ .如果你想和他见面，你得提前预约。If you want to meet him,you have to_ _ _
12、ahead of time.答案：appointed him a new directormake an appointment2.anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的The anxious husband awaited the birth of his son.不安的丈夫等待着他儿子的诞生。There is no need to be anxious about his health.没有必要担心他的健康。Do not be anxious to reply my letter,take good care of your mother.给我回信不必着急，先照顾好你母亲。常用结构：be
13、anxious about/for.为担忧be anxious to do sth.急切地做某事be anxious for sb.to do sth.急于让某人做某事be anxious that.急切希望（that从句用虚拟语气，即should+v.,且should 可以省略）【联想拓展】anxiety n.焦虑；渴望；担心with anxiety焦虑地【即学即练】完成句子我们都为他的安全而忧虑。We _ _ _ his safety.他急切地想与你会面。He_ _ _ meet you.答案：were anxious forwas anxious to3.guarantee vt.保证；
14、担保 n.保证；保修单；担保；抵押品The rain guarantees a good crop this year.这场雨保证了今年会有好收成。My watch is guaranteed for one year.我的表保修一年。常用结构：guarantee to do sth.保证干某事guarantee that.保证guarantee.to sb.向某人担保/保证give sb.a guarantee that.向某人保证guarantee sb.against/from保证某人免受损害、危险等【即学即练】完成句子我可以保证我完全是清白的。I can_that I was tota
15、lly innocent.这项政策保证了我们免受全部损失。The policy _ us _ all loss.我们保证令顾客满意。We _ satisfaction _ customers.答案：guarantee guarantees；againstguarantee；to单项填空Working hard is not only a _ of great success,but is among the essential requirements.A.sign B.signal C.guarantee D.supposition解析：选C。由句意“努力工作不仅是巨大成功的保证，”可知，应
16、选C项。4.account n.报道；（书面或口头）报告；利益；账目vi.解释；导致 vt.认为；把视为These accounts show no consistency.这些报告前后不一致。The accounts show we have spent more than we received.账目表明我们支出多于收入。I account myself well paid.我自认为收入颇佳。常用结构：account for对负责；作出解释；说明原因on account of由于；因为take.into account考虑；顾及【即学即练】完成句子杰克无法解释自己的愚蠢错误。Jack co
17、uld not_ _ his foolish mistake.不能在这里游泳，有鲨鱼。We cant swim here_ _ _ the sharks.在决定做某件事情的时候，我们必须把所有的困难都考虑进去。When deciding what to do we must _ _ _ all the difficulties.答案：account for on account of take into account单项填空We must_ every penny we spend during a business trip.A.account for B.take on C.make u
18、p D.turn out解析：选A。account for sth.意为“（对自己所掌管的钱等）作令人满意的交代”。5.make ones way前往Dickens made his way to the woods.狄更斯朝树林走去。Though it was raining hard,he made his way to school.尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。【联想拓展】feel ones way摸索着走 fight/push ones way奋斗/挤着前进lose ones way迷路 force ones way out挤出去；冲出去show sb.the way为某人指路
19、get in the way妨碍wind ones way 蜿蜒前行；迂回前进【即学即练】完成句子世界上大约有30%的茶叶都出口到了伦敦。Some thirty percent of the worlds exports of teaits London.昨晚他是摸索着回家的。He house last night.天气因素可能会影响“发现号”航天飞机明日的发射。The weather could for tomorrows NASA Discovery launch.答案：makes；way tofelt his way toget in the way6.burn to the groun
20、d 全部焚毁He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground.他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧毁了。The teachershouses in Shanghai were burnt to the ground in the large fire in November 15,2010.在2010年上海“1115”特大火灾中，教师们的公寓被烧毁了。【联想拓展】burn away逐渐烧掉；消失burn down(建筑物）烧毁；火势减弱burn sth.off烧掉；蒸发burn sb.up激怒；使大怒bur
21、n sth.up焚毁；烧掉burn out烧尽，熄灭burn oneself out耗尽体力；积劳成疾【即学即练】单项填空Be careful with fire,or it will_the whole building.A.burn down B.burn forC.burn up D.burn in解析:选A。burn down(建筑物）烧毁；火势减弱；burn for渴望；burn up 烧毁；烧得更旺/亮，消耗；burn in 给留下不可磨灭的印象。根据句意，故选A。7.I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and
22、I heard a strange sound,like a railway train passing my window.（P34）我睡得正酣，正在这时我的床开始晃动，我听到一种奇怪的声音，就像一列火车正从我窗外驶过。when引导时间状语从句。在此状语从句中，and连接两个并列的句子。like a railway train passing my window为介词短语做定语，修饰sound，而a railway train passing my window为like的复合宾语。I was fast asleep when suddenly there was a loud noise
23、outside my room.我睡得正香，就在这时房外传来巨大的噪音。He was on a journey to Europe when he received her call.他正在去欧洲的旅行途中，就在这时他接到了她的电话。【联想拓展】be+形容词/表示状态的介词短语+when.在做某事，就在这时be about to do sth.when.正要做某事，就在这时be doing+when.正在做某事，就在这时（分句中的动作往往是短暂性的）had just done when.刚做过某事，就在这时温馨提示：此时的when不可与while互换,也不可将when引导的从句置于句首。【即学
24、即练】单项填空The boys were about to go out to play football_suddenly it began to rain.A.when B.as C.while D.then解析:选A。be about to do when.意为“正要做某事，就在这时”。其中when相当于and just then，不可以用while,as等替换。8.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study,but this being my first experien
25、ce,I stayed at the top and watched them.（P35）另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。this being my first experience在句中充当状语，为独立主格结构。独立主格结构（Absolute Structure）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使
26、用任何连接词。用法点拨：独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词(代词)+现在分词（过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）Night enshrouding the earth,nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.黑夜笼罩着大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。There being no bus,we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。The workers worked still harder,their living conditions greatly imp
27、roved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。He was listening attentively in class,his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。【即学即练】单项填空The robber was brought to the judge,_.A.with his hands were fast tied B.his hands to be fast tiedC.his hands fast tiedD.his hand having been fast tied解析:选C。独立主格结构是以短语的形式作定语
28、或状语。“his hands fast tied”是一个由“名词+过去分词”构成的独立结构，这种结构的名词后还可以接介词短语等，在句中通常作状语。.单词拼写1.The story_(使兴奋)the little boy very much.2.On hot days we often go _(洗澡)in the river.3.I cant _(评价)his ability without seeing his work.4.I got into a _(惊慌)when I found the door was locked.5.They studied the German market
29、to find the _(可能性)there for investment.6.It was a cold,foggy day and the children were _b_.7.Its many years since Mount Vesuvius _e_.8.He drew _f_ animals with two heads and large wings.9.Im _a_ to get home to open my presents.10.They had to _c_ tomorrows football match because of the bad weather.答案
30、：1.exited2.bathing3.evaluate4.panic5.potential6.bored7.erupted8.fantastic9.anxious10.cancel1._ other methods,this one is relatively more effective.2.I could easily imagine her_ him _ a man of fine quality.3.The village was_ down _ during the war.4.He asked if he might_ my album.5.How do animals_ the
31、mselves_ hurting from the enemy?6.We have to_ to finish the work on time.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 compare with/regard.as/quite a few/be amazed at/be suitable for/make an effort/vary from.to./glance through/protect from/burn to the ground7.She has_ friends here.8.The book_ beginners to learn.9.I_ the progress
32、 we have made.10.Opinions on the issue _ person _ person.答案：1.Compared with2.regarding;as3.burn;to the ground4.glance through5.protect;from6.make an effort7.quite a few8.was suitable for9.was amazed at10.vary from;to.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1._(receive)her letter for a long time,I phoned her to see what was
33、wrong.2._(accept)as a member of the company,he took over the job of the former secretary.3.Nobody can imagine her_（do）such an awful thing.4.Charles Babbage is generally considered_(invent)the first computer.5.Always acting in a strange manner,Einstein must_(appear)to people around to be mad.答案：1.Not
34、 having received 2.having been accepted3.doing 4.to invent 5.have appeared.单项填空1.Although different in many ways,the British and the Americans_ many of the same customs.A.make B.take C.share D.give解析：选C。词义辨析题。share的意思是“共同有”，其他答案没有此意。2.Grades would_from one or two，for outstanding or excellent，to six
35、or seven，for poor or very poor.A.suffer B.differ C.come D.range解析：选D。考查动词辨析。suffer from遭受，忍受；differ from与不同；come from来自于；range from延伸。3._ the problem may be,we must solve it ourselves.A.Whatever difficult B.How difficultC.However difficult D.No matter what difficult解析：选C。句意为：不管问题有多难，我们都要独立解决。difficu
36、lt为形容词，因此用how修饰，表示程度；however在这里没有转折的意思，相当于no matter how，因此答案为C。4.Dark glasses are sometimes worn_ tothe eyes from strong sunlight.A.prevent B.care C.defend D.protect解析：选D。protect.from意为“保护不受伤害”；prevent.from意为“阻止发生”。5.There are twenty-eight classes in our school，_over 56 students.A.with each has B.ea
37、ch havingC.which there are D.with each that has 解析：选B。考查独立主格结构。两个句子之间有逗号隔开时，有四种表达形式：1)两个句子之间有并列连词；2)两个句子之间有从属连词；3)把其中一个句子改成非谓语动词的形式；4)改成独立主格结构的形式。此题中A项with是个介词，故要把has改为having的形式；C项要改成where there are的形式；D项表达不正确。6.Though the girl_ to learn Japanese,she couldnt catch up with her classmates.A.made effor
38、t B.made all her efforts C.took every effort D.gave her efforts解析：选B。make all ones efforts为固定搭配，意为“尽某人全力”。7.Mr Green thinks that,_ the situation would have got worse.A.if not dealing with carefullyB.if having nor dealt withC.if not having been dealt with carefully D.if having not been dealt with car
39、efully解析：选C。句中插入的条件状语从句为省略句，是现在分词完成时被动式的否定形式。否定词应置于分词之前。8.Mr.Smith was _ flight to New York he remembered he had taken all the familys keys to the doors with him.A.at;while B.on;whenC.at a;when D.on a;when 解析：选D。考查了表示“在飞行中”的介词短语on a flight；同时又考查了“.when.”结构，表示“就在这时”。when在本题中的意思相当于and just then，不可以用其他
40、词代替。9.Jumping out of_airplane at ten thousand feet is quite_exciting experience.A./;the B./;an C.an;an D.the;the解析：选C。第一空用an表示一类；第二空用an表示“一次（兴奋的经历）”。10.I thought Mr Smith has been_ to get back to work.A.so well B.so good C.well enough D.good enough 解析：选C。考查固定搭配。enough to do意为“足够以至于”；well在这里是形容词，指“身体
41、好”；good是形容词，但不合题意。11.I hear Tom_playing games recently._no wonder he is easy to feel sleepy in class.A.is addicted to；There is B.addicts；There is C.addicts；It is D.is addicted to；It is解析：选D。be addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于某事/做某事；It is no wonder that.不足为奇，二者均为固定的表达形式。句意为：我听说近来Tom迷上了打游戏。他在课堂上老打盹就不奇怪了
42、。12.A number of new machines were introduced from abroad，_an increase in production.A.resulted in B.to result inC.result in D.resulting in解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。这里是现在分词作结果状语。不定式和现在分词都可以作结果状语，不定式表示意想不到的结果，而现在分词表示意料之中的结果。13.Sometimes we fail and sometimes we succeed.It is how you react that makes a_in life.A.d
43、evelopment B.point C.progress D.difference解析：选D。development发展，开发；point点，要点；progress进步，进展；difference不同，差别。句意为：我们每个人都时而会失败，时而会成功。怎样对待这些才是生活中真正重要的事情。make a difference起作用，有关系，影响。14.The Chinese are looking forward to the first_to land on the moon after launching the lunar exploration satellite，Change，suc
44、cessfully.A.measure B.attempt C.purpose D.desire解析：选B。attempt to do sth.尝试/试图做某事，符合句意。15.When_different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A.compared B.being compared C.comparing D.having compared解析：选C。此处是连词when分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个状语从句，但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。此处从句的主语是we，compare这个动作是we主动进行的，应用现在分词表示。
