1、北京市昌平区新学道临川学校2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第卷注意事项：1. 答第卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听
2、完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是 C。1. What does the woman want to do?A. Find a place. B. Buy a map. C. Get an address.2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car. B. Give her a ride. C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peter
3、son be?A. A new professor. B. A department head. C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficult. B. Very interesting. C. Too simple.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather. B. Clothes. C. News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个
4、选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman?A. He has a pain in his knee. B. He wants to watch TV. C. He is too lazy.7. What will the woman probably do next?A. Stay at home. B. Take Harry to hospital. C. Do
5、 some exercise.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. When will the man be home from work?A. At 5:45. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:50.9. Where will the speakers go?A. The Green House Cinema. B. The New State Cinema. C. The UME Cinema.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How will the speakers go to New York?A. By air. B. By taxi. C. By bus.11. W
6、hy are the speakers making the trip?A. For business. B. For shopping. C. For holiday.12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Driver and passenger. B. Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant. B.
7、 In an office. C. In a classroom.14. What does John do now?A. Hes a trainer. B. Hes a tour guide. C. Hes a college student.15. How much can a new person earn for the first year?A. $10,500. B. $12,000. C. $15,000.16. How many people will the woman hire?A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.
8、How long has the speaker lived in a big city?A. One year. B. Ten years. C. Eighteen years.18. What is the speakers opinion on public transport?A. Its comfortable. B. Its time-saving. C. Its cheap.19. What is good about living in a small town?A. Its safer. B. Its healthier. C. Its more convenient.20.
9、 What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most?A. Busy. B. Colourful. C. Quiet.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASPORTS EVENTSBASKETBALLCentral Sports Centre, City Road.All Stars vs Rockets, Saturday 8:30 p.m. $12Northerners vs Tigers,
10、Sunday noon $14BUSH WALKINGMeet at Wanda Station, Saturday 9:00 a.m. sharp for 3-hour walk to Canary Mountains. $7, call 341-5432.Meet at Westley Station, Sunday 9:00 a.m. sharp for a full day walk to Wombak Valley. $5, call 341-8643: Bring your own lunch.SOCCERSt Martins Sports CentreSt Martins vs
11、Doonsberg, Saturday 2:00 p.m. $8Eastside Central vs Light Hill, Sunday 2:00 p.m. $8Neill Park Recreation CentreNeill Park vs Robinson, Saturday 2:00 p.m. $11Essen vs Springwood, Sunday 2:00 p.m. $11LAWN BOWLSTans Town B.CTans Town vs White Vale, Saturday 9:00 p.m. $10Wake Hill B.C.Wake Hill vs Coils
12、, Saturday 2:00 p.m. $91. _ sports events are to be held at Saturday 2:00 p.m. according to the passage.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five2. You may find the passage most probably in a _.A. handbook about tourB. notice about sportsC. magazine about ball matchesD. blog about match reviews3. If you have $18
13、, you can go to both _.A. All Stars vs Rockets and the bushwalking at Westley StationB. Wake Hill vs Colls and Essen vs SpringwoodC. Neill Park vs Robinson and Eastside Central vs Light HillD. St Matins vs Doonsberg and Northerners vs Tigers【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章给出了不同体育赛事的具体时间和票价。【1题详解
14、】细节理解题。根据SOCCER部分的“St Martins vs Doonsberg, Saturday 2:00 p.m. $8（St Martins vs Doonsberg，周六下午两点，8美元）”和“Neill Park vs Robinson, Saturday 2:00 p.m. $11（尼尔公园vs罗宾逊，周六下午两点，11美元）”，以及根据LAWN BOWLS部分的“Wake Hill vs Coils, Saturday 2:00 p.m. $9（维克山vs线圈，周六下午2点，9美元）”，可知，将在周六下午2点举行的体育赛事有3场。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。阅读全文可
15、知，本文主要介绍将要举办的比赛的时间和票价，由此可推断，这些信息来自一份关于体育的广告布告。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知：“All Stars vs Rockets”票价为12美元；“the bushwalking at Westley Station”票价为5美元，总票价为17美元；“Wake Hill vs Colls”票价为9美元“Essen vs Springwood”票价为11美元，总票价为20美元；“Neill Park vs Robinson”票价为11美元，“Eastside Central vs Light Hill”票价为8美元，总票价为19美元；“S
16、t Matins vs Doonsberg”票价为8美元，“Northerners vs Tigers”票价为14美元，总票价为22美元. 如果有18美元，可以去“All Stars vs Rockets”和“ the bushwalking at Westley Station”故选A项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第3
17、题，根据文章内容可知：“All Stars vs Rockets”票价为12美元；“the bushwalking at Westley Station”票价为5美元，总票价为17美元；“Wake Hill vs Colls”票价为9美元“Essen vs Springwood”票价为11美元，总票价为20美元；“Neill Park vs Robinson”票价为11美元，“Eastside Central vs Light Hill”票价为8美元，总票价为19美元；“St Matins vs Doonsberg”票价为8美元，“Northerners vs Tigers”票价为14美元，总
18、票价为22美元. 如果有18美元，可以去“All Stars vs Rockets”和“ the bushwalking at Westley Station”故选A项。BArjuns AppsOne stormy day, twelve-year-old Arjun Kumar was late getting home from school. It had been raining heavily near his school in Chennai, India. This delayed his school bus, and when he finally arrived, Arj
19、uns parents were worried.His parents concern gave Arjun an idea hed create an app, which can tell parents the location of their childrens school bus. While researching different ways to write apps, Arjun located an online programming tool on the website of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
20、MIT was making the tool, called App Inventor, available to anyone who wanted to use it. As the motto on MITs website states, “Anyone Can Build Apps That Impact the World.”Arjun got to work doing just that. Using App Inventor, he created an app called “Ez School Bus Locator.” If a school introduced t
21、his app into its bus system, parents could log on to see the locations and estimated arrival times of their childrens school bus. Like other mapping apps, Ez School Bus Locator relied on GPS. GPS helps users determine their location, based on signals from a set of twenty-four satellites that orbit E
22、arth. GPS-based apps calculate the location of a device by measuring the distances from three different GPS satellites. Thats how Arjuns app determined where the buses were located.The app could also confirm whether individual children were on the bus. Ez School Bus Locator used a specific bar code
23、to identify each student. Students checked in when they got on and off the bus by using bar codes on their phones. As the bus driver drove, the app sent automatic messages to parents.Does Ez School Bus Locator sound like a good idea? MIT thought so. In 2012, MIT held a contest to honor the best apps
24、 that had been created using App Inventor. Arjuns app won first place in the K-8 division, and in 2013, the app was available for purchase online.Arjun didnt stop there. He continued developing new apps and he even started his own software development company. When asked for pointers for other young
25、 inventors, Arjun advised, “Look for problems around you, and get inspired from them. Youll see a lot of opportunities to use your skills to make this world a better place to live!”4. What is the passage mainly about?A. The life of inventor Arjun Kumar.B. A students invention of a bus locator app.C.
26、 How App Inventor helped Arjun write an app.D. How the rainy weather in India affected traffic.5. What do we know about Arjuns app from the passage?A. It could be downloaded online for free.B. It helped the children know where they were.C. It was introduced by Arjun into the school bus system.D. It
27、used bar codes to track which children were on board.6. Why did Arjun continue to work on software development?A. To inspire more young inventors.B. To win many awards for his inventions.C. To solve problems that he saw in the world.D. To earn money to continue his education at MIT.7. What can we le
28、arn from Arjun Kumars story?A. Youth means limitless possibilities.B. A man owes his success to his family support.C. If you dont aim high, you will never hit high.D. Good problem solvers are problem finders first.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名叫Arjun Kumar的学生开发了一款软件，可以告诉父母孩子的校车的位置
29、。文章介绍了这款软件的工作原理以及软件所取得的成就。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“His parents concern gave Arjun an idea hed create an app, which can tell parents the location of their childrens school bus.(父母的担心给了Arjun一个想法他要开发一个应用程序，可以告诉父母孩子的校车的位置)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名叫Arjun Kumar的学生开发了一款软件，可以告诉父母孩子的校车的位置。文章介绍了这款软件的工作原理以及软件所取得的成就。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲
30、了一个学生发明的公共汽车定位程序。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ez School Bus Locator used a specific bar code to identify each student.( Ez校车定位器使用特定的条形码来识别每个学生)”可知，Arjun的应用程序使用条形码来追踪车上的儿童。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Arjun didnt stop there. He continued developing new apps and he even started his own software development compan
31、y. When asked for pointers for other young inventors, Arjun advised, “Look for problems around you, and get inspired from them. Youll see a lot of opportunities to use your skills to make this world a better place to live!”(Arjun并没有就此止步。他继续开发新的应用程序，甚至成立了自己的软件开发公司。当被问及其他年轻发明家的建议时，Arjun建议道：“寻找身边的问题，并从
32、中获得灵感。你会看到很多运用你技能的机会来让这个世界变得更美好!”)”可知，Arjun继续从事软件开发工作，是为了解决他在世界上看到的问题。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Arjun Kumar因为暴风雨回家很晚，父母很担心这一问题中得到启发，从而开发了一款应用程序，可以告诉父母孩子的校车的位置。同时他并没有因此而止步，而是继续从事软件开发工作，来解决他在世界上遇到的问题。由此推知，Arjun Kumar的故事告诉我们：好的问题解决者首先是发现问题的人。故选D。CA century ago, millions of Quino checkerspot butterflies
33、flew above Southern California. Each about the size of a paperclip, the Quinos hatched in great numbers each spring.Toward the end of the twentieth century, however, the development of farms and cities dramatically reduced the butterflys habitat. By 1997, the population of the Quinos had declined to
34、 a tiny amount of its historical numbers.The Quinos situation continued to worsen. Wildfires burned much of its habitat, and temperatures were getting warmer and drier, making the environment more difficult to the butterflys host plant called the dwarf plantain.Scientists knew that Quino caterpillar
35、s relied on the dwarf plantain as a food source. Each spring, the adult female butterflies laid eggs on dwarf plantains. When the caterpillars hatched, they fed on the plantain leaves. However, in the hot, dry summer, the plantains died off. The caterpillars responded by entering a state called diap
36、ause. Then, when normal winter rains came and the plantains flowers came out again, the caterpillars came back to life and started eating. Once theyd grown large enough, the caterpillars formed pupae and emerged as adult butterflies. This strategy worked well in most years, but as average temperatur
37、es rose and rainfall decreased, the caterpillars werent getting sufficient food, and fewer developed into butterflies.Because the area where they lived was surrounded by developed cities and desert landscapes, the Quinos had limited options. They took off anyway, flying eastward into the hills. They
38、 landed in mountainous open spaces east of Los Angeles and San Diego. They found no dwarf plantains there. The females began laying their eggs on the leaves of other plants, primarily the Collinsia concolor. These plants remained green longer into the summer months. When the caterpillars Quinos surv
39、ived, and their numbers grew in their new home.Scientists were surprised when they began encounter innumerous Qunios in the eastern hills. They were cheered to learn that these small insects had adapted to changing conditions. The Quinos demonstrated the toughness needed to survive by finding not on
40、ly a new habitat, but a new food source, too.Meanwhile, scientists had been raising Quino caterpillars in a lab and released hundreds of caterpillars into protected areas around San Diego. Between the efforts of scientists and the butterflies own actions, more of those colorfully checkered wings may
41、 soon be seen fluttering above the Southern California skies.8. From the passage, we know Quino checkerspot butterflies in Southern California _.A. were an endangered speciesB. couldnt survive the winter coldC. were very adaptable to environmental changesD. couldnt respond to the food shortage on th
42、eir own9. How did Quino checkerspot butterflies adapt to changed conditions?A. They travelled to a new habitat.B. They found new dwarf plantains.C. They laid more eggs on host plants.D. They learned to fly high up in the mountains10. What does the underlined word “diapause” in Paragraph 4 probably m
43、ean?A. Dying from hunger.B. Stopping bodily functions.C. Becoming more active.D. Surviving the hot summer.11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Quino Checkerspot Butterflies: Get HelpB. Quino Checkerspot Butterflies: EndangeredC. Quino Checkerspot Butterflies: Small,
44、but StrongD. Quino Checkerspot Butterflies: Find a New Habitat【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为Quino checkerspot的蝴蝶濒危物种，面临生存环境的改变，它们选择飞往新的栖息地，并在那里找到了新的食物来源，证明了它们生存所需的韧性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Toward the end of the twentieth century, however, the development of farms and cities dramatic
45、ally reduced the butterflys habitat. By 1997, the population of the Quinos had declined to a tiny amount of its historical numbers.(然而，到了20世纪末，农场和城市的发展大大减少了蝴蝶的栖息地。到1997年，Quino checkerspot蝴蝶的数量已经下降到历史上的一小部分)”以及第三段“The Quinos situation continued to worsen. Wildfires burned much of its habitat, and tem
46、peratures were getting warmer and drier, making the environment more difficult to the butterflys host plant called the dwarf plantain.(Quino checkerspot蝴蝶的情况继续恶化。野火烧毁了它的大部分栖息地，气温变得越来越暖和和干燥，使得这种蝴蝶的寄主植物矮车前草生存环境更加困难)”可知，南加州的Quino checkerspot蝴蝶是一种濒危物种。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“They took off anyway, flyin
47、g eastward into the hills. They landed in mountainous open spaces east of Los Angeles and San Diego. They found no dwarf plantains there.(他们还是起飞了，向东飞进了山里。他们降落在洛杉矶和圣地亚哥东部的开阔山区。他们在那里没有找到矮车前草)”以及倒数第二段中“The Quinos demonstrated the toughness needed to survive by finding not only a new habitat, but a new
48、food source, too.( Quino checkerspot蝴蝶不仅能找到新的栖息地，还能找到新的食物来源，这证明了它们生存所需的韧性)”可知，Quino checkerspot蝴蝶去了一个新的栖息地来适应变化的环境。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“When the caterpillars hatched, they fed on the plantain leaves. However, in the hot, dry summer, the plantains died off. The caterpillars responded by entering
49、a state called”以及后文“Then, when normal winter rains came and the plantains flowers came out again, the caterpillars came back to life and started eating.(然后，当正常的冬雨来了，车前叶的花又长出来了，毛毛虫又活了过来，开始进食)”可知，幼虫孵化后，以车前叶为食。然而，在炎热干燥的夏季，车前叶相继死亡，毛毛虫的反应是进入一种停止身体机能的状态，等到冬雨来临，车前叶的花又长出来了，毛毛虫才再次恢复生机并进食。即画线词意思是“停止身体机能”。故选B。
50、【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“They were cheered to learn that these small insects had adapted to changing conditions. The Quinos demonstrated the toughness needed to survive by finding not only a new habitat, but a new food source, too. (得知这些小昆虫已经适应了不断变化的环境，他们感到很高兴。Quino checkerspot蝴蝶不仅能找到新的栖息地，还能找到新的食物来源，这
51、证明了它们生存所需的韧性)”结合文章主要介绍了一种名为Quino checkerspot的蝴蝶濒危物种，面临生存环境的改变，它们选择飞往新的栖息地，并在那里找到了新的食物来源，证明了它们生存所需的韧性。可知，C选项“Quino checkerspot蝴蝶：微小但坚强”最符合文章标题。故选C。DAs Artificial Intelligence(AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoid
52、ed, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, its necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, yo
53、u wouldnt want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values, ” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable di
54、stance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if o
55、nly we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so
56、sufficiently test and theyve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo.One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has th
57、e opportunity to stop, send out beeps, and ask for directions from a human. If we humans arent quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we
58、 come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.12. What does the author say about the threat of robots？A. It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their languag
59、e.D. It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.13. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author？A. They are aggressive.B. They are outgoing.C. They are ignorant.D. They are ill-bred.14. How do robots learn human values?A. By int
60、eracting with humans in everyday life situations.B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D. By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.15. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into
61、 a programmable code？A. Determine what is moral and ethical.B. Design some large-scale experiments.C. Set rules for man-machine interaction.D. Develop a more sophisticated program.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着人工智能(AI)变得越来越复杂，人们越来越担心机器人可能成为一种威胁。根据计算机科学教授斯图尔特罗素的说法，如果我们能把人类的价值观转化为可
62、编程的代码，这种危险是可以避免的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.(计算机科学教授斯Stuart Russell认为，如果我们找到将人类价值观转化为可编程代码的方法，这种危险是可以避免的)”可知，关于机器人的威胁，作者说如果把人类的价值观翻译成机器人的语言，这是可以避免的。故选C。【13题
63、详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.(显然，文化差异是存在的，但如果你和另一个人谈话，而他们接近你的私人空间，你不会认为这是一个教养良好的人会做的事情)”可知，根据作者的观点，我们会
64、认为一个侵犯我们私人空间的人缺乏教养。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior.(机器人也可以通过从人类行为的大量数据中绘制模式来学习价值观)”可知，机器人可以从大量的人类行为数据中学习人类的价值观。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we
65、 believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.(在规划价值观的过程中，最困难的一步将是决定我们到底相信什么是道德的，以及如何创建一套道德规则。但如果我们找到了答案，机器人可能对人类有好处)”可知，当我们把人类的价值转观化为可编程代码时，最困难的是确定什么是道德和伦理。故选A。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两
66、项为多余选项。Perhaps youve heard the old saying “curiosity killed the cat.” Its a phrase thats often used to warn peopleespecially childrennot to ask too many questions. _16_ In fact, research has shown that curiosity is just as important as intelligence in determining how well students do in school.Curio
67、sity can also lead us to make unexpected discoveries, bring excitement into our lives, and open up new possibilities. _17_ For example, one day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing around with a coil(线圈) and a magnet(磁铁) when he suddenly saw how he could produce an electrical current. At first, it w
68、asnt clear what use this would have, but it actually made electricity available for use in technology, and so changed the world._18_On one level, this is because technology has become so advanced that many of us are unable to think too deeply about how exactly things work anymore. While it may be po
69、ssible for a curious teenager to take a toaster apart and get some sense of how it works, how much do you understand about what happens when you type a website address into a browser? Where does your grasp of technology end and the magic begin for you?In addition to this, theres the fact that we all
70、 now connect so deeply with technology, particularly with our phones. The more we stare at our screens, the less we talk to other people directly. _19_Then we feel we know enough about a person not to need to engage further with them.The finaland perhaps most worryingway in which technology stops us
71、 from asking more has to do with algorithms, the processes followed by computers. As we increasingly get our news via social media, algorithms find out what we like and push more of the same back to us. _20_Perhaps the real key to developing curiosity in the 21st century, then, is to rely less on th
72、e tech tools of our age.A. It is still not known why learning gives us such pleasure.B. We are always encouraged to challenge our pre-existing beliefs.C Yet its widely agreed that curiosity actually makes learning more effective.D. All too often we accept the images of people that social media provi
73、des us with.E. However, curiosity is currently under the biggest threat, coming from technology.F. In science, basic curiosity-driven research can have unexpected important benefits.G. That means we end up inside our own little bubbles, no longer coming across new ideas.【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. D 2
74、0. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在决定学生在学校表现如何方面，好奇心和智力同样重要。然而，好奇心目前面临的最大威胁来自科技。因此，在21世纪培养好奇心的真正关键，或许是减少对我们这个时代技术工具的依赖。【16题详解】上文提示“也许你听过好奇害死猫这句老话。这句话经常用来警告人们尤其是孩子们不要问太多问题。”再根据下文提示“事实上，研究表明，在决定学生在学校表现如何方面，好奇心和智力同样重要。”承接上下文，C项Yet its widely agreed that curiosity actually makes learning more effective.（然而，人们普遍
75、认为好奇心确实能让学习更有效。）切题。故选C。【17题详解】上文提示“好奇心还能引导我们做出意想不到的发现，给我们的生活带来兴奋，并打开新的可能性。”承接上文，F项In science, basic curiosity-driven research can have unexpected important benefits.（在科学上，以好奇心为基础的研究可以带来意想不到的重要好处。）切题。故选F。【18题详解】下文提示“在某种程度上，这是因为技术已经变得如此先进，以至于我们中的许多人无法再深入思考事物究竟是如何工作的。”承接下文，E项However, curiosity is curre
76、ntly under the biggest threat, coming from technology.（然而，好奇心目前面临的最大威胁来自科技。）切题。此处关键词是technology，故选E。【19题详解】上文提示“我们盯着屏幕看得越多，我们与他人直接交流的就越少。”再根据下文提示“然后我们觉得我们对一个人已经足够了解，不需要和他们进一步接触。”承接上下文，D项All too often we accept the images of people that social media provides us with.（我们常常接受社交媒体为我们提供的人物形象。）切题。故选D。【20题
77、详解】上文提示“随着我们越来越多地通过社交媒体获取新闻，计算程序会弄清楚我们喜欢什么，然后把更多的信息反馈给我们。”再根据下文提示“因此，在21世纪培养好奇心的真正关键，或许是减少对我们这个时代技术工具的依赖。”承接上下文，G项That means we end up inside our own little bubbles, no longer coming across new ideas.（这意味着我们最终会陷入自己的小泡泡里，不再有新的想法。）切题。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给
78、的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My brother Gene was four years older than me. By the time I turned four, I was upset that he could read but I couldnt. I burned with _21_ to read a book like my brother. I begged: “Teach me to read, Mom! Please, please?!” Finally, Mom set aside time after l
79、unch _22_ reading lessons, and soon after my fifth birthday, I was reading.I longed for my father, who was a great storyteller, to read me the books that I couldnt yet read on my own. But my father worked three jobs to feed the family. He didnt have the time or _23_ in the evening to read to me. _24
80、_, every Sunday morning, my brother and I lay next to him in bed, waiting for him to tell stories about his _25_. I can still hear my fathers voice _26_ the cold winters on the family farm in Poland. His family didnt have enough money to burn wood in the fireplace all night. He told us that he alway
81、s volunteered to help with _27_. I can smell the soup made by my grandma and _28_ my father cutting onions, carrots and tomatoes for salad, and when no one was looking, putting a piece into his mouth. “I was always _29_,” he explained. Hearing my fathers stories _30_ me closer to the books and the s
82、tories they held.One Saturday afternoon when I was seven, we walked two blocks to the small _31_ in our neighborhood, and my dad filled out forms for a card. That Saturday _32_ my life: I met Mrs. Schwartz, the librarian, and my dad said, “Youre _33_ enough to walk to the library yourself.” And so I
83、 didalmost every afternoon.In my mind, Mrs. Schwartz was “the keeper of books and the guardian of stories.” Some days she read aloud to a small group of us _34_. Most of time, Mrs. Schwartz let me _35_ myself with books I pulled from the shelves and look through them to see which ones Id _36_ out. I
84、 remember that sometimes shed _37_ a book and tell me a part of the story. But she always let me choose. Books became my _38_ who were my comfort when I felt lonely.Yes, reading changed me. It gave me the _39_ to study hard so I could become a teacher, and share my _40_ of reading with my students.
85、And inside my head, I can still hear the voices of my mother, father, and Mrs. Schwartz, which are with me every time I open the first page of a new book.21. A. angerB. desireC. worryD. interest22. A. untilB. beforeC. inD. for23. A. energyB. ambitionC. courageD. ability24. A. FinallyB. ThenC. Theref
86、oreD. Still25. A. workplaceB. farmlandC. childhoodD. neighborhood26. A. explainingB. introducingC. describingD. interpreting27. A. cookingB. readingC. farmingD. living28. A. pictureB. discoverC. noticeD. catch29. A. busyB. hungryC. poorD. tired30. A. laidB. taughtC. drewD. left31. A. clubB. bookstor
87、eC. officeD. library32. A. savedB. testedC. changedD. controlled33. A. nearB. oldC. readyD. free34. A. graduatesB. candidatesC. regularsD. communicators35. A. rewardB. familiarizeC. examineD. surround36. A. findB. checkC. lendD. sign37. A. writeB. studyC. recommendD. reserve38. A. companionsB. assis
88、tantsC. listenersD. teachers39. A. chanceB. dreamC. orderD. drive40. A. lessonB. loveC. timeD. plan【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上读书的经历，阅读改变了作者的人生。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. anger生气；B. desir
89、e渴望；C. worry担忧；D. interest兴趣。句意：我非常想像我哥哥那样读书。根据下文及句意可知，作者很想读书。故选B。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。A. until直到才；B. before在之前；C. in在.里面；D. for为了。根据上文语境可知，此处是指作者的妈妈为作者留出了午餐后读书的时间。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. energy精力；B. ambition雄心；C. courage勇气；D. ability能力。根据上文作者说父亲为了养家糊口做了三份工作， 由此可知，父亲很忙，没有时间和精力给我读书。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. F
90、inally终于；B. Then然后；C. Therefore 因此；D. Still仍旧，还。句意：每个星期天早上，我和哥哥仍旧挨着父亲躺在床上，等着他讲他的童年。结合上文句意父亲很忙及本句句意可知，前后是让步关系，用“仍旧”最合语境。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. workplace车间；B. farmland农场；C. childhood童年；D. neighborhood附近。根据下文父亲的讲述及选项可知，此处应该是等着父亲讲他的童年。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. explaining解释；B. introducing 介绍；C. describing描述
91、；D. interpreting打扰。根据下文父亲的讲述可知，此处是指父亲在描述波兰家庭农场寒冷的冬天。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. cooking烹饪；B. reading阅读；C. farming农场；D. living居住。根据下文的I can smell the soup made by my grandma and可知，父亲会帮忙做饭。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. picture想象；B. discover发现；C. notice 注意；D. catch抓住。根据语境可知，此处应是指作者想象着他父亲在切洋葱。故选A。29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.
92、 busy繁忙的；B. hungry饿的；C. poor贫穷的；D. tired疲劳的。根据上文的when no one was looking, putting a piece into his mouth.可知，可推测出父亲总是感到饿。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. laid 放置；B. taught教；C. drew吸引；D. left离开。根据上下文语境可知，听父亲的故事更加吸引我去接近书及书中的故事。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. club 俱乐部；B. bookstore书店；C. office 办公室；D. library图书馆。根据下文的“Youre
93、 _13_ enough to walk to the library yourself.”可知，此处是去了图书馆。故选D.【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. saved节约；B. tested测试；C. changed改变；D. controlled 控制。根据下文语境可知，那个周六改变了我人生。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。 A. near附近的；B. old年龄大的；C. ready准备好的；D. free自由的。句意：你足够大，可以自己去图书馆了。根据语境和句意可知，父亲觉得作者足够大可以自己去图书馆了。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. graduates毕业
94、生；B. candidates 候选人；C. regulars常客；D. communicators交流者。根据上文可知，作者经常去图书馆，因此，此处是指Mrs. Schwartz 给我们这些常客读书。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. reward 奖励；B. familiarize使熟悉；C. examine检查；D. surround围绕。句意：大多数时候，施瓦茨夫人让我用从书架上拿下来的书把自己包围起来，然后把它们翻看一遍，看看我要借哪些书。根据句意和下文可知，此处是指Mrs. Schwartz让作者自己从书架上很取很多的书选择，surround with用.围绕.。故选D。
95、【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. find发现；B. check检查；C. lend借；D. sign签名。根据语境可知，此处是指Mrs. Schwartz让作者挑自己喜欢的书带走，check out结账离开。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. write写；B. study 学习；C. recommend推荐；D. reserve储备。根据下文可知，此处是指Mrs. Schwartz会挑一本书，推荐给作者。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. companions同伴；B. assistants助理；C. listeners听众；D. teachers老师。根据上下文语
96、境和所给选项可知，书成了作者的陪伴。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. chance机会；B. dream 梦；C. order命令；D. drive动力。根据上下文语境可知，读书给作者努力学习的动力。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson课程；B. love爱；C. time时间；D. plan计划。根据上文语境可知，因为作者热爱读书，此处是指作者给学生分享自己对阅读的爱。故选B。第二节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Porcelain, a
97、lso_41_(call) fine china, featuring its delicate texture, pleasing color, and refined sculpture, has been one of the _42_(good) artworks introduced to the western world through the Silk Road. The earliest one _43_(find) made of Kaolin in the Shang Dynasty (17th-11th Century BC), and possessed the co
98、mmon aspects of the smoothness and unaffected quality of hard enamel, though pottery wares were more_44_(wide) used among most of the ordinary people. Anyway it was the beginning. In the following dynasties, due _45_its durability and shine, porcelain rapidly became _46_necessity of daily life, espe
99、cially in the middle and upper classes. They were made in the form of all kinds of_47_(item), such as bowls, cups, tea sets, vases, jewel cases, musical instruments and boxes, as well as pillows for traditional doctors to use to feel ones pulse.Through the_48_(develop) of over 4,000 years, now it is
100、 still a brilliant kind of art that attracts thousands of people. The Porcelain Capital, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province,_49_ has been praised for thousands of years, will be certain _50_(satisfy) your appetite for beauty.【答案】41. called 42. best 43. was found 44. widely 45. to 46. a 47. items 48. dev
101、elopment 49. which 50. to satisfy【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的瓷器，包括它的发展、特性以及应用。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：瓷器，又称细瓷，以其细腻的质地、赏心悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最好的艺术品之一。分析句子结构可知call在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Porcelain构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。故填called。【42题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：瓷器，又称细瓷，以其细腻的质地、赏心悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最好的艺术品之一。此处为“one o
102、f+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，应填good的最高级best。故填best。【43题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：最早的瓷器是商代（公元前17 至11世纪）用高岭土制成的，它具有坚硬珐琅的光滑和不受影响的特性，但陶器在大多数普通人中使用更广泛。根据后文“in the Shang Dynasty (17th-11th Century BC)”可知用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The earliest one，谓语动词用单数。故填was found。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：最早的瓷器是商代（公元前17 至11世纪）用高岭土制成的，它具有坚
103、硬珐琅的光滑和不受影响的特性，但陶器在大多数普通人中使用更广泛。修饰后文动词use应用副词widely，作状语，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。【45题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在接下来朝代，由于它的耐久性和光泽，瓷器迅速成为日常生活的一种必需品，特别是在中上层阶级。结合句意表示“由于”可知短语为due to。故填to。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：在接下来的朝代，由于它的耐久性和光泽，瓷器迅速成为日常生活的一种必需品，特别是在中上层阶级。necessity“必需品”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且necessity是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【47题详解】考查名词的数
104、。句意：它们被做成各种各样的物品，如碗、杯子、茶具、花瓶、首饰盒、乐器和盒子，以及传统医生用来把脉的枕头。item为可数名词，由all kinds of修饰应用复数。故填items。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：经过4000多年的发展，现在它仍然是一种灿烂的艺术，吸引着成千上万的人。空处作宾语，表示“发展”应用名词development，短语the development of“的发展”。故填development。【49题详解】考查定语从句。句意：千百年来备受赞誉的江西省景德镇是瓷器之都，一定会满足你的审美欲望。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Jingdezhen，先行词在从句中作主语，指物
105、，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：千百年来备受赞誉的江西省景德镇是瓷器之都，一定会满足你的审美欲望。此处为固定短语be certain to do sth.“一定会.”。故填to satisfy。第四部分 写作 (共两节，共35分)第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多
106、余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I am Li Hua, a child lives in this community. Most of the children in our community feel lonely and boring. To change this situation, Id like to offer some suggestion.First, would you please organize the children to cle
107、an up our neighborhood regular? Through this activity, we can know with each other and make new friends. Second, I wonder if you could find us a room to do our homework such that we can help and learn each other. Third, I thought its a good idea to encourage children to join the communitys football
108、club.I hope we can get much involved in our community and my life will be colorful and full of fun.【答案】1. lives前加who/that lives living 2. boring bored 3. suggestion suggestions 4. regular regularly5. with去掉 6. such so 7. learn each other learn from each other 8. thought think9. much more 10. my our【
109、解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。小作者向社区管理者写信，希望能组织一些社区活动，让社区生活丰富多彩，充满乐趣。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：我是李华，是一个住在这个社区的孩子。分析句子，a child 是Li Hua 的同位语，live in this community应该是a child的后置定语，非谓语，主动关系，应使用现在分词形式；或者在先行词child之后加上who/that引导定语从句，live作谓语动词，使用单三形式则是对的。故将lives改为living或lives前加who/that。2.考查形容词。句意：我们社区的大多数孩子都感到孤独和无聊。分析句子，boring和lon
110、ely并列作表语。说明主语Most of the children的情绪，形容某人感到无聊应使用bored，boring修饰事情或人令人无聊。故将boring改为bored。3.考查名词复数。句意：为了改变这种情况，我想提出一些建议。suggestion是可数名词根据前面some，“一些建议”应使用复数形式。故将suggestion改为suggestions。4.考查副词。句意：首先，请你定期组织孩子们打扫我们的小区好吗? regular是形容词，此处修饰动词organize ，应使用副词regularly。故将regular改为regularly。5.考查介词。句意：通过这次活动，我们可以互
111、相认识，结交新朋友。know为及物动词，表示“认识/结识某人”直接加名词作宾语，know sb. 故将know后的with去掉。6.考查状语从句。句意：其次，我想知道你是否能给我们找个房间做作业，这样我们可以互相帮助和互相学习。such 修饰名词或含形容词的名词短语，之后可以和that引导的结果状语从句连用，但是没有such that 引导从句的用法；so 可以修饰形容词或副词也可以和that引导的结果状语从句连用，so that也可以直接引导结果状语从句或目的状语从句。故将such改为so。7.考查介词。句意：其次，我想知道你是否能给我们找个房间做作业，这样我们可以互相帮助和学习。Learn
112、 及物动词其宾语应该是学习的内容，表示“向某人学习”应使用短语learn from sb.根据句意，本句要表示孩子们一起学习时向对方互相学习。故将learn后加上from。8.考查谓语动词时态。句意：第三，我认为鼓励孩子们加入社区足球俱乐部是一个好主意。根据语境，文章在阐述自己的想法，及对社区的一些建议。全文基本时态是一般现在时。本句也是在说作者此刻的真实想法，应该使用一般现在时。故将thought改为think。9. 考查形容词比较级。句意：我希望我们可以更多地参与到我们的社区，我们的生活将是丰富多彩的，充满乐趣。句中involved 是形容词，much不可以直接修饰形容词，get/be i
113、nvolved in “参与”句意要表达：希望我们大家都能更多的参与社区活动。应使用involved 的比较级形式：more involved。故将much改为more。10. 考查物主代词。句意：我希望我们可以更多地参与到我们的社区，我们的生活将是丰富多彩的，充满乐趣。Community 意为社区，根据语境，社区不是“我”自己的小区，作者写信给社区管理人员，大家同在一个社区，“我”只是其中一员。故将my改为our。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter得知：在中国，微信成为人们的重要沟通方式。想知道你对微信的看法及你对中学生使用微信的建议。请根据下面要点用
114、英语写一封信，内容包括：1.微信带来的便利；2. 微信带来的不利之处；3. 你对中学生使用微信的建议。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Peter,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Peter,Wechat has become increasingly popular in recent years. To begin with, its attractive interface and various functions are loved wildly. Besides, Wechat is a relative cheap way of
115、 communication, which cuts down a great deal of the cost of making a phone call. Meanwhile, it is a great way of sharing information and getting like-minded people together. However, every coin has two sides and Wechat is not an exception. Firstly, excessive use of Wechat means much less chance of f
116、ace-to-face interactions with the people who populate their real lives. Secondly, when using Wechat, people tend to forget time and some may even get addicted to it, which will definitely affect their study and work. Therefore, in our daily life, we students should often take part in outdoor activit
117、ies and communicate with others on our own initiative to avoid online addiction. Additionally, always be mindful of protecting your privacy when chatting with strangers online.Best wishes.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Peter写封邮件，谈谈你对微信的看法及你对中学生使用微信的建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：
118、总分法要求：1.微信带来的便利；2. 微信带来的不利之处；3. 你对中学生使用微信的建议。第二步:列提纲be popular; a cheap way of communication; cut down cost; share information; less chance of; face-to-face interaction; tend to; get addicted to; affect study and work; take part in outdoor activities; avoid online addiction; be mindful of; protect p
119、rivacy 第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句）1. Wechat has become increasingly popular in recent years.2. Its attractive interface and various functions are loved wildly. 3. Wechat is a relative cheap way of communication, which cuts down a great deal of the cost of making a phone call. 4. It is a great way of sharin
120、g information and getting like-minded people together. 5. Excessive use of Wechat means much less chance of face-to-face interactions with the people who populate their real lives. 6. When using Wechat, people tend to forget time and some may even get addicted to it, which will definitely affect the
121、ir study and work. 7. In our daily life, we students should often take part in outdoor activities and communicate with others on our own initiative to avoid online addiction. 8. Always be mindful of protecting your privacy when chatting with strangers online.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1.表
122、文章结构顺序：To begin with, Firstly, Secondly2.表并列补充关系： Besides, meanwhile, Moreover, Additionally3.表转折对比关系：However, every coin has two sides and is not an exception. 4.表因果关系：Therefore 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。点睛】高分句型1 Besides, Wechat is a relative cheap way of communication, which cuts down a great deal of the cost of making a phone call.(该句使用了非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Secondly, when using Wechat, people tend to forget time and some may even get addicted to it, which will definitely affect their study and work. (该句使用了“when+doing”时间状语从句的省略和非限制性定语从句)
