1、Section The Language Points of Reading课前重点检测.重点词汇1.abuse (n.& vt.) 滥用；虐待2.stress (n.) 压力；重音 (vt.) 加压力于；使紧张stressful (adj.) 产生压力的；紧张的stressed (adj.) 感到有压力的3.ban (n.) 禁令；谴责 (vt.) 禁止banned (过去式，过去分词)4.tough (adj.) 困难的；强硬的5.addicted (adj.) 入了迷的；上了瘾的addict (n.) 吸毒成瘾的人；对入迷的人addiction (n.) 瘾；入迷6.accustom (
2、vt.) 使习惯于accustomed (adj.) 习惯了的；惯常的7.withdrawal (n.) 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程withdraw (v.) 撤退；撤回8.automatic (adj.) 无意识的；自动的9.mental (adj.) 精神的；智力的mentally (adv.) 精神上；智力上10.effect (n.) 结果；效力effective (adj.) 有效的，起作用的11.abnormal (adj.) 畸形的；异常的normal (adj.) 正常的12.unfit (adj.) 不健康的；不合格的；不合适的fit (adj.) 合适的13.stren
3、gthen (vt.) 加强；巩固；使坚强 (vi.) 变强strength (n.) 力量；长处14.desperate (adj.) 绝望的；拼命的desperately (adv.) 拼命地；绝望地15.chemist (n.) 药剂师；化学家chemistry (n.) 化学chemical (adj.) 化学的16.disappointed (adj.) 失望的；沮丧的disappointing (adj.) 令人失望的disappointment (n.) 失望；沮丧17.ashamed (adj.) 感到惭愧或羞愧的shame (n.) 耻辱shameful (adj.) 可耻的
4、18.give_up 放弃19.by_the_way 顺便说一下；顺便问一下20.over_and_over_again 反复地21.do_damage_to 损害；伤害22.decide_on 对作出决定23.feel_like_doing 想要做24.be_accustomed_to 习惯于25.be_addicted_to 对有瘾26.due_to 由于27.reach_for_sth. 伸手取某物.教材原句1.You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted _ cigarettes.答案：to2.This me
5、ans that after a while your body becomes accustomed to _ (have) nicotine in it.答案：having3.When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful _ (affect) of smoking.答案：effects4.It might help you to stop and _ (strong) your resolve.答案：strengthen5.Every time you feel like _ (smoke) a cigarette, remin
6、d yourself that you are a nonsmoker.答案：smoking6.Do not be _ (disappoint) if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.答案：disappointed7.If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel _ (shame)答案：ashamed课堂分段精讲第1段1.I think my long and active life must be due_to the healthy life I l
7、ive.(教材P18)我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的due to 由于；归功于The team are_due_to fly to Italy next month.该球队预定下个月飞往意大利。Shes pregnant and the babys due in April.她怀孕了，预产期是在4月份。Thanks are_due_to all those who took part.向全体参加者致谢。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空His new book is due _ (publish) next year. 答案：to be
8、 published (2)单句写作实验的最终结果预计在12月9日出来。The final results of the experiment are _ December 9. 因为重度雾霾，运动会被推迟了。 _ the heavy smog, the sports meeting was put off.答案：due onDue to第2段2You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became_addicted_to cigarettes.(教材P18)你知道，当我还是个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。be/become a
9、ddicted to 对迷恋；上瘾My nephew is a complete video game addict. 我侄子绝对是个电子游戏迷。I was_addicted_to my radio, you could saywe had no TV then.可以说我是沉迷于自己的收音机，那时我们还没有电视。名师点津addicted不用于名词前作定语，通常构成短语become/be addicted to sth. 意为“对入迷”。【即景活用】单句语法填空We got so caught up in that fantasy that we became _ (addict) to the
10、 dream itself.But _ (addict) is not a brain state, it is a behavior.答案：addictedaddiction第3段3This means that after a while your body becomes_accustomed_to having nicotine in it.(教材P18)这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。become/be accustomed to习惯于It took a while for me to accustom_myself_to all the new rules
11、and regulations. 我过了一段时间才适应所有的新规章制度。He is the person accustomed_to_having 5 hours sleep a night. 他是那种习惯每晚睡5个小时的人。【即景活用】单句语法填空Your mind will become more accustomed to _ (use) its creative powers. What can I do to accustom myself _ swimming?答案：usingto4I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very d
12、ifficult to quit.(教材P18)我之所以上瘾，是有着这所有三个方面的原因，因此，戒烟就很难。quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开He quit_his_job after an argument with a colleague. 他和一个同事争吵后就辞职了。Hes been given six months to live if he doesnt quit_drinking. 他如果不戒酒，就只能活六个月。名师点津quit用法小结(1)quit接名词或动名词作宾语。(2)quit的过去式、过去分词分别为quit, quit或quitted, quitted。【即景活用】(
13、1)单句语法填空I wish youd all quit _ (complain). 答案：complaining(2)单句写作她已决定退出娱乐圈。She has decided to _. 乔布斯十九岁离开斯坦福。Steve Jobs _ at 19. 答案：quit show businessleft/quit Standford第4段5When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.(教材P18)在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。effect n. 结果；效力This ingr
14、edient also has_the_effect_of making your skin look younger.这种成分还有使皮肤看上去更年轻的效果。In mental illness, there is a complex relationship between cause_and_effect.精神疾病有复杂的因果关系。The cheaper drugs are just as effective in treating arthritis.较便宜的药品对治疗关节炎同样有效。名师点津affect vt.表示“影响，(病)侵袭”，多指不利影响，相当于have an effect o
15、n。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空What you say or do will have an effect _ others.The medicine is _ (effect) for knocking colds.答案：oneffective(2)单句写作这些建议即将付诸实施。The recommendations will soon be _.治疗几乎没起什么作用。The treatment had _. 答案：brought into effectlittle or no effect6Neither_did_I_know that my cigarette smoke could
16、 affect the health of nonsmokers.(教材P18)我也不知道我吸烟会影响不吸烟者的健康。neither/norbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语剖析句中“Neither did I know .”为倒装结构，表示“也不”。Tom didnt believe a word she said, and neither_did the police.汤姆根本不相信她说的话，警方也不相信。Hes been ill, and so_has his wife.他病了，他妻子也病了。Jenny is always standing by you anytime you are in
17、 trouble.So_she_is,_and so_are_you.不论何时你遇到麻烦，Jenny总是支持你。她的确如此，你也是。名师点津“so同一主语be动词/情态动词/助动词”意为“的确如此”，表示对前面的话加以确认或强调，此时不必倒装。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _ was I.答案：neither/nor(2)单句写作跟他谈不起任何作用，写信也一样。Talking to him had no effect at all. _.需求增加，价格也一样。When th
18、e demand rises, _.我需要一点时间放松。是呀，的确。I need some time to relax._.答案：Neither did writing to himso do pricesSo you do第5段7It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.(教材P18)这也许对你戒烟和下决心会有所帮助。strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强vi. 变强Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.我们的友谊逐年加深。She didnt
19、even have_the_strength to stand up.她甚至连站起来的力气都没有了。名师点津“会动的”en动词strengthen是由名词strength加后缀en转化而来的。常见的由名词或形容词加后缀en转化而来的动词还有：brighten (使)发亮weaken (使)变弱harden (使)变硬 sharpen (使)变尖锐sweeten (使)变甜 darken (使)变暗soften (使)变软 widen (使)变宽【即景活用】单句语法填空Governments cannot ignore the _ (strong) of public opinion. We m
20、ust _ (strong) our unity in the face of powerful enemies.答案：strengthstrengthen8I do_hope_so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(教材P18)我的确希望这样，因为我希望让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。“do/does/did动词原形”强调句式，“asadj.a/ann.as .”比较结构剖析(1)该句中，“I do hope so”为一种特殊形式的强调。(2)该句中“as long and healthy a
21、life as I have”为比较结构，其句式为“asadj.a/ann.as .”意为“和一样”。Do be careful when you go through the forest.穿越森林时一定要小心。You do look nice in that hat.你戴那顶帽子确实不错。He is as cruel as a shark.He is as cruel a fellow as a shark.他是一个跟鲨鱼一样残忍的家伙。I failed as many times as you.我失败的次数跟你一样多。【即景活用】单句写作我的确认为她的行为很糟糕。I _ shes beh
22、aved badly. 帕克斯家拥有和你的一样华丽的房子。The Parks owned _ you.答案：do thinkas magnificent a house as第6段9Decide_on a day to quit.(教材P19)确定一个开始戒烟的日子。decide on 对作出决定Have you decided_on a date for the wedding?婚礼日期你选好了没有？Tinas decided_to_go to Rome for her holidays.蒂娜已决定去罗马度假。How should a donor decide_between two don
23、ation options?一个捐献者该如何在两个捐献选择中决定？名师点津表示“下定决心做某事”的英语表达：determine to do sth.be determined to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth.【即景活用】单句语法填空His angry look made her decide _ (not ask) about it.Finally, we came to decide _ this building.She refused to discuss her _ (decide) to quit the group.答案：not to a
24、skondecision 10Every_time you feel_like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.(教材P19)每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。every time引导的时间状语从句剖析本句中every time这一名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每当”。Every_time I lost heart, Mr Lee always gave me enough strength to stick to my goal.每次我失去信心，李先生总是给我
25、足够的力量去坚持我的目标。The_first_time I met him, I was absorbed deeply by his enthusiasm.我第一次见到他，就被他的热忱深深吸引住了。The_moment you see him come, just run as quickly as possible to him.你一看见他过来，就尽快地跑向他。Next_time we hold the party, lets remember to sing the song in the end.下次我们聚会的时候，别忘了在结束时唱这首歌。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空Ill rem
26、ind him to call you _ moment he comes back.答案：the(2)单句写作每次来济南，他都去大明湖赏荷花。He will go to Daming Lake to admire the lotus flowers _ he comes to Jinan.任何时候我想起他的故事，内心都充满奋斗的激情。_ I think of his story, I am filled with the passion of struggle.答案：every/each timeAny timefeel like (doing) sth.想要(做)某事Sometimes I
27、 feel_like some stimulation. Like . “dont give up！” 有时候我想要点激励。比如“不要放弃！”Remind yourself of the harm, whenever you feel_like smoking. 每当你想要吸烟的时候就提醒自己它的危害。【即景活用2】单句语法填空I dont feel like _ (walk) with someone who cares nothing but himself. As we walked out, Mellon mentioned she would like me _ (write) a
28、book.答案：walkingto write11Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.(教材P19)即使非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的Why are you so disappointed_about the matter?你为什么对这件事情如此失望？I was so disappointed_with the referee, he should get punished by FIFA.
29、我对那个裁判太失望了，他应该受到国际足联的处罚。I was disappointed_that we played so well yet still lost.我们打得这么好可还是输了，我很沮丧。I dont yet have a good analysis for these disappointing outcomes. 对于这些令人失望的结果，我还没有一个好的分析。【即景活用】单句语法填空We have to avoid unrealistic expectations that we might feel _ (disappoint) at.Im sorry it may be _
30、(disappoint), but I cant agree with you there after all. How have you dealt with _ (disappoint) in your life?答案：disappointeddisappointingdisappointment12If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.(教材P19)如果你意志薄弱而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的Im ashamed_to_admit that Ive never read any
31、 of his books. 我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。I felt ashamed_of the things Id said to him. 我为对他所说的话感到羞愧。I wont say any shameful words to hurt you.我不会说任何可耻的话来伤害你。辨析：ashamed与shamefulashamed通常作表语，表示“(人)感到羞耻的或惭愧的”shameful可作定语或表语，指“(事情或行为本身)可耻的；不道德的”He was ashamed to cheat, because he realized that it was shameful t
32、o cheat in the exam.他为作弊而羞愧，因为他认识到考试作弊是可耻的。【即景活用】单句语法填空Everyone cries sometimesits nothing to be ashamed _.She felt _ that she had missed her sisters wedding. She always considered it as a _ matter.(shame)答案：ofashamed; shameful课后演练提能课后演练一.完形填空When I smoked with my family, I would feel so _1_ and goo
33、d that nothing else in the world seemed so _2_. I thought that smoking weed (烟草) was okay since many of my family members and people at my school smoked. _3_ ever happened to them. _4_ I started smoking weed a lot more during lunch and after school. I never thought _5_ of it. At that time I just wan
34、ted to smoke. Then I began to _6_ in school. I would _7_ classes, come home late and spend all my money. I would spend _8_ 8 to 18 dollars a day. I never thought _9_ about the bad effect that marijuana (大麻) had on those things. Maybe my coming to class high (神志恍惚) was the reason why I was failing or
35、 coming home late. As I continued to smoke marijuana, I began to notice that I would always have the strong desire to smoke and that I would get _10_ cigarettes if I smoked those, but I dont. _11_ I have learned more about marijuana, I have _12_ the amount of marijuana that I use. I dont want mariju
36、ana to be the most important in my life. Im not smoking every day, and not spending as much money. Since I have _13_ on my habit, I am _14_ more money. Im ready to go back to school and do good, so that I can make myself _15_. Everyone is always saying how weed _16_ your mind and how it solves probl
37、ems. I think it only brings more _17_. Marijuana is not good for your body or your brain. Im not trying to tell you not to smoke; Im just letting you know that marijuana can be _18_ to your health, and that _19_ it may cause some longterm negative effects. Stop smoking now, before it is too late. I
38、dont want to lecture anyone, but just _20_ my experience with you.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己最初对烟草非常痴迷，后来决心戒烟的故事。作者将自己的亲身经历与大家分享，想让所有的人都认识到吸烟的不良影响。1A.worried BrelaxedCdisappointed Dstressed答案：B根据下文的“and good”可知，当时作者对吸烟的态度应该是肯定的，认为吸烟是好事，并能让他感到放松。2A.important BcommonCinteresting Dfunny答案：A从文章第12空后的“I dont w
39、ant marijuana to be the most important in my life.” 可知，作者当初认为吸烟是生命中非常重要的事情。3A.Something BEverythingCNothing DAnything答案：C作者坚持吸烟的原因之一是他并没有看到周围的人因为吸烟而出事。4A.By the way BNow and thenCIn my opinion DFor a time答案：D根据下文的“At that time”可知，此处是指“一段时间”。by the way “顺便说一下”；now and then “不时；时而”；in my opinion “在我看来
40、”；for a time “一段时间”。5A.too much Ba littleCtoo often Dany more答案：A作者起初对吸烟的态度是积极的，所以当他在午饭期间以及放学后吸烟量增大时也没有对此过多考虑。6A.get ahead Bfall behindCcome across Dmake up答案：B根据下文“I never thought _9_ about the bad effect that marijuana (大麻) had on those things.”可知，吸烟已经影响到了作者的学习和生活。get ahead “领先；成功”；fall behind “落后
41、”；come across “偶遇”；make up “编造；化妆”。结合语境可确定答案为B项。7A.give BhaveCattend Dcut答案：D根据上文“Then I began to _6_ in school.”可知，作者学业开始下降。cut classes意为“旷课”，此处是吸烟对作者学习的影响。8A.at least Bat mostCno more than Das little as答案：A根据上文的“spend all my money”可知，作者花在吸烟上的钱并不少，每天至少要8至18美元。at least “至少”；at most “最多”；no more than
42、 “只有；仅仅”；as little as “和一样少”。9A.once BtwiceCagain Dfurther答案：B尽管吸烟对作者的学习和生活影响很大，但当时作者考虑得并不多。think twice about sth. “三思而行，慎重考虑后再决定”。10A.used to Bpaid forClost in Dready for答案：C根据下文“ . if I smoked those, but I dont”可知，当时作者已经意识到如果继续吸烟的话，就会沉溺其中。get used to “习惯于”；get paid for “因而被付给钱”；get lost in “沉迷于；热衷
43、于”；get ready for “为做好准备”。11A.As if BEven ifCNow that DAs long as答案：C既然作者已经意识到了吸烟的危害，于是他开始控制吸烟的量。as if “好像”；even if “即使”；now that “既然”；as long as “只要”。12A.reduced BincreasedCdecided Dcontinued答案：A从下文“Im not smoking every day, and not spending as much money.”可知，作者在有意识地减少吸烟的量。reduce “降低；减少”。13A.broken
44、down Bcut downCturned off Dcut off答案：B由于作者意识到了吸烟的危害，所以尽量少吸烟。break down “(机器等)出故障；(身体)垮掉；失败”；cut down “减少；削减”；turn off “关掉(电源等)”；cut off “切断”。cut down on短语亦为“减少”的含义。由此可知答案为B。14A.wasting BspendingCmaking Dsaving答案：D既然烟吸得少了，钱自然能节省一些。15A.less BmoreCbetter Dworse答案：C根据上文可知，作者做好了回到学校的准备，并想要好好表现，所以此处应为使自己变
45、得更好。16A.excites BfillsCrepairs Ddestroys答案：A根据下文的“and how it solves problems”可知，有的人在鼓吹吸烟的好处。17A.problems BpleasureCconvenience Dexcitement答案：A结合上文作者对吸烟的危害的亲身体验以及下文的“Marijuana is not good for your body or your brain.”可知，作者现在意识到吸烟只会带来危害。18A.helpful BusefulCdangerous Dstrange答案：C作者意在警告人们注意吸烟所带来的危害。dang
46、erous意为“危险的”，符合作者的意图。19A.in the beginning Bin the distanceCin the long run Din the past答案：C根据下文的“longterm negative effects”可知选C项。20A.tell BexplainCregret Dshare答案：D作者写这篇文章的目的是让大家知道他的经历。share sth. with sb. 意为“与某人分享某物”。.阅读理解A(2019郑州一中高三摸底测试)The World Health Organization warns that millions of people a
47、re dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year. Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home. To help fight the_problem,_the WHO announced new guidel
48、ines aimed at reducing household pollutants.WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the
49、WHO says about 4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple coal cookstoves. WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease. The main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do t
50、he household work.Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHOs Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not improve the situation.
51、 It will only pollute the outdoors.Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good cookstoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.WHO experts note some new, safe and lowcost technologies that could help are alr
52、eady available. In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1. But, this, the agency says, is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appli
53、ances.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了室内空气污染的原因、影响及相应的应对措施。1What does “the problem” in Paragraph 1 refer to?AIndoor air pollution. BCooking habits.CPoor cookstoves. DUse of natural gas.答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.”可推知，此处提到要应对的问题是“室内空气
54、污染”，故选A。2Why are women and girls the main victims of the indoor air pollution?AThey are very weak in the developing countries.BThey are more sensitive to the indoor air pollution.CThey are exposed to the indoor air pollution more.DThey are lack of doing more exercise outdoors.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The
55、 main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do the household work.”可知，发展中国家的女性是室内空气污染的主要受害者，这是因为她们经常待在家里做家务，故选C。3Which of the following is a good way to avoid indoor air pollution?ATo open a window while cooking.BTo use unprocessed coal indoors.CTo
56、promote the cleaner and more modern cooking appliances.DTo popularize the traditional cookstoves in the home.答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.”和最后三段的内容可推知，避免室内空气污染的有效办法就是推广更清洁、更现代
57、化的烹饪器具的使用，故选C。4What is the best title of the text?AHow to prevent pollutionBHow to protect women and girlsCIndoor air pollution kills millions each yearDThe importance of health in developing countries 答案：C标题判断题。根据文章第一段第一句，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了室内空气污染的问题，故选C。1pollutant n. 污染物2.exposure n. 暴露；揭发；公开3kero
58、sene n. 灯油；煤油 4.induction n. 电磁感应1lead to 导致；通向 2.let out 发出；放出；泄露3in a more efficient way 以一种更有效的方式B(2017浙江高考)Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey (调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on s
59、chool nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7to 12yearolds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep
60、 about 18 hours a day！Adults need about eight hours. For most schoolage children, ten hours is ideal (理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10to 12yearolds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime？Watch
61、TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities (机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone，” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make
62、 it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics， but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a pr
63、oblem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章指出美国孩子睡眠缺乏的问题，列举了不同年
64、龄段的孩子所需的睡眠时间、青少年晚睡的原因以及学校为解决青少年的睡眠问题所采取的措施。5What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?AAmerican kids sleeping habits.BTeenagers sleeprelated diseases.CActivities to prevent sleeplessness.DLearning problems and lack of sleep.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“a bad habit”以及第一段第二句可知，这项调查与美国孩子的睡眠习惯有关。故选A。6
65、How many hours of sleep do 11yearolds need every day?A7 hours. B8 hours.C10 hours. D18 hours.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“For most schoolage children, ten hours is ideal (理想的)”可知选C。7Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?AThey are affected by certain body chemicals.BThey tend to do things th
66、at excite them.CThey follow their parents examples.DThey dont need to go to school early.答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推知，青少年晚睡的原因是他们常在睡前做一些令他们兴奋的事情，使他们难以平静下来。故选B。1characteristic n. 特征，特点2.district n. 区域；地区1according to 按照；根据 2.calm down 平静下来3be pleased with 对感到满意课后演练二基础题.单词拼写1What she did was an a_ of her pos
67、ition as manager.答案：abuse2After climbing the hill for some time, he became b_ and his blood pressure was abnormal.答案：breathless3The children were very d_ that they wouldnt go to the zoo.答案：disappointed4Nowadays, some famous stars have become a_ to drugs.答案：addicted5Its my duty to s_ the fence.答案：str
68、engthen.选词填空due to， be accustomed to， be addicted to， feel like， decide on， over and over again， be ashamed of， every time， reach for， come into effect1I read the report _， till I almost knew it by heart.答案：over and over again2He _ seriously _ these drugs.答案：is; addicted to3He has _ the life in the
69、mountain from his earliest boyhood.答案：been accustomed to4Has your daughter _ a date for the wedding?答案：decided on5He does not feel himself today and doesnt _ going to work.答案：feel like6I _ having lied to my teacher.答案：was ashamed of7He turned round and _ the phone.答案：reached for8(2017江苏高考)The loss o
70、f glaciers (冰川) there _ global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture.答案：due to9The new advertisement regulations _ last month.答案：came into effect10_ I meet him, I always think of the things that happened between us.答案：Every time.单句语法填空1We must decide _ a topic before we start to write
71、.答案：on2The national entrance examinations are around the corner, so some fans in my class are persuaded to quit _ (play) football to concentrate on their studies.答案：playing3They promise to make your educational experience _ worthwhile as possible.答案：as4She was fined 500 and _ (ban) from driving for
72、one month.答案：banned5Ill go out for a walk while he feels like _ (play) football.答案：playing6Some _ (adolescence) have got into the habit of playing games.答案：adolescents7People can easily become _ (mental) addicted to drugs when they start taking them.答案：mentally8His book is due _ (come) out in Octobe
73、r and you can get it at that time.答案：to come9If you have a job, _devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.答案：do10My brother doesnt like Western food; _ do I.答案：neither/nor能力题阅读理解ADear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up, I had people telling me I was
74、too slow, though, with an IQ of 150at 17, Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD (注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became cur
75、ious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant precollege courses.While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldnt. So, I was killing my time at home
76、 until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in selfwritten notes from your videos. This ha
77、s given me a purpose.Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a resp
78、ectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors.Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. This
79、 is why youre saving my life.Yours，Tanis篇章导读：本文是一篇书信类应用文。作者患有注意力缺陷多动障碍，因此没能实现大学梦，但是一家培训中心的网站给了作者在线学习的机会，让她的生活有了目标，并且找到了一份好工作。1Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school?AShe had learned enough about computer science.BShe had more difficulty keeping focused.CShe preferred taking online courses.D
80、She was too slow to learn.答案：B细节理解题。题干的“不去读大学”告诉我们，本题的答案应该定位在第四段。该段说，作者的病情变得更糟了，因此不能去读大学，而这个疾病是第二段说到的ADHD，具体表现是注意力不能集中较长时间(unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time)，这与B项叙述吻合。2As for the working environment, Tanis prefers _.Aworking by herselfBdealing with the publicCcompeting against o
81、thersDstaying with ADHD students答案：A细节理解题。根据题干的“working environment”，我们找到第六段的“looking for a job”。该段说到作者希望的工作环境：“I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to.”A项的“working by herself”与该句的“work alone”表达的意思是一致的，因此选A项。3Tanis wrote this letter in order to _.Aexplain why she was interested in the c
82、omputerBshare the ideas she had for her professionCshow how grateful she was to the centerDdescribe the courses she had taken so far答案：C主旨大意题。作者在文章开头直接说明写信的目的“告诉你，你的帮助对我的人生是多么重要”；然后描述自己的病情，未了的大学梦，以及收信人开办的网站给作者带来的影响，因此本文的写作目的是C项：表明作者对这个培训中心的感激之情。B(2019中央民族大学附中月考)Why do some people live to be older th
83、an others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this q
84、uestion by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic than other people. Longliving women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative th
85、an women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times. Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider
86、advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more selfdisciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those badtempered old people who
87、 are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your
88、mothers personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when were adult
89、s, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isnt destiny, and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isnt just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过跟踪调查得出一个研究结果：长寿不只是与身体健康有关，
90、而且与心理健康紧密相连，乐观开朗的性格促成健康长寿。4The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is _.Ato investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeBto find out if ones lifestyle has any effect on their healthCto see whether peoples personality affects their life spanDto examine all the
91、 factors contributing to longevity答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by .”及前面两句所提的问题，另外结合第二段中的“The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people. Longliving wome
92、n are also more likely to be sympathetic (同情的) and cooperative than women with a normal life span.”可知，该期刊的研究目的是要发现性格品质是否会影响一个人的寿命，故选C。5What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?AThey are more likely to get over hardship.BThey are better at negotiating an agreement.CThey genera
93、lly appear more resourceful.DThey have a good understanding of evolution.答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.”可知，作者认为性格外向并有
94、同情心的人更容易克服困难，故选A。6What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?APersonality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.BEasygoing people can also live a relatively long life.CReadiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.DSuch personality char
95、acteristics as selfdiscipline have no effect on longevity.答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“. however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more selfdisciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to
96、be very old”可知，这项研究的发现中多少有些出乎人们意料的是自律等人格特征对长寿没有影响，故选D。7What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?AAnxiety and depression more often than not cut short ones life span.BHealth is in large part related to ones lifestyle.CPersonality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.DLongevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.答案：D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“But both studies show that long life isnt just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.”可知，长寿不仅与一个人的身体健康有关，而且与其心理健康也有很大关系，故选D。
