1、2021高考英语词汇串记与阅读训练（四十五）Part 1 词汇精炼初级词汇The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that （create）by human beings! If you come to China （with）climbing the Great Wall, its just like going Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids! Men often say, He doe
2、s not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.In fact, it began as independent walls for different （state）when it was first built, and did not become the Great Wall until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jayunguan Pass in the west, was （mo
3、st） built during the Ming Dynasty.Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整1 2 3 4 5 答案：1. created 2. without 3. who 4. states 5.mostlyExercise 3：全文翻译 答案：长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就想到了巴黎没有去看看菲尔铁塔，或者就像到了埃及没有去看金字塔一样。人们常说:“不到长城非好汉。”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，直到秦朝统- -中国后才将其连城
4、长城。然而，今天我们看到的长城东起山海关， 西至嘉峪关一大部 分都是在明代修建的。高级词汇Dumplings are one of the Chinese people s favorite traditional （dish）. According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first （make）by the medical saint-Zhang Zhongjing. There are three steps involved in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers o
5、ut of dumpling flour; 2) prepare the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplings and boil them. With thin and elastic dough skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are worth （eat） hundreds of times. Theres an old saying that claims，“ Nothing could be more delicious th
6、an dumplings ”. During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings. To Chinese people who show high reverence for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the ne
7、w is essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整1 2 3 4 答案：1. dishes 2.made 3.eating 4.an Exercise 3：全文翻译 答案：饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。饺子的制作是包括
8、: 1)擀皮、2)备馅、 3)包馅水煮三 个步骤。其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。Part 2 阅读练习The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted in You
9、ngstown,Ohio,for example,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In another,employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step furtherchang
10、ing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions.These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.“Were thinking about how we can enginee
11、r plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,”explained Michael Strano,a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments using some common vegetables.Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for t
12、hree-and-a-half hours.The light,about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by,is just a start.The technology,Strano said,could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future,the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can b
13、e sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.Since lighting is often
14、 far removed from the power source(电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of differ
15、ent plants.B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees from various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?A.To detect plants lack of water.B.To change compositions of plants.C.To make the life of plants longer.D.To test che
16、micals in plants.3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A.They will speed up energy production.B.They may transmit electricity to the home.C.They might help reduce energy consumption.D.They could take the place of power plants.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the
17、text?A.Can we grow more glowing plants?B.How do we live with glowing plants?C.Could glowing plants replace lamps?D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free?参考答案：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院开展的研究,力求用发光的植物代替日常用品的功能。用普通蔬菜来发光照亮房间,甚至将树木变成自供电的街灯。1.D段落大意题。由文章第一段可知,一项研究发现,城市绿化率越高的区域犯罪率越低;另一项研究发现,工作环境有室内植物装饰时,员工的效
18、率提高15%。由此可知,本段主要讲绿色植物的好处。故选D项。2.A细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water”可知,麻省理工学院的工程师们之所以在植物叶子上放置传感器,是想监测植物的缺水状况。故选A项。3.C推理判断题。由文章最后两段,尤其是最后一段中的“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”可推知,将来这种发光植物可能会有助于降低能源消耗。故选C项。4.C标题归纳题。文章开门见山,指出人类与植物的联系一直是科研的主题;然后讲述麻省理工学院开展的研究,力求用植物代替日常用品的功能;接下来进一步阐述用普通蔬菜来发出光照亮房间,甚至将树木变成自供电的街灯。由此可知,文章最佳标题为:发光的植物能替代街灯吗?故选C项。
