1、选修八Unit 3Inventors and inventions.完形填空(2020河北唐山市高三摸底)As usual, I was on duty with my police dog, German Shepherd Finn.Suddenly my breath became thick and fast.In the dark street ahead, I could make out the familiar 1.C of the fleeing suspect, a 16-year-old boy.The boy we were 2.D was suspected of an
2、 armed 3.A ， and he just got away under our 4.B several times. “Not this time anyway！” I swore in my mind.I hit an emergency button on my radio for 5.D from the nearest police station as Finn and I approached 6.A . The suspect was just about to climb over a 7.B when I got down in time to 8.C him.The
3、 teen 9.D a 10-inch hunting knife and stabbed (刺) in my neck.Suddenly, Finn jumped between us, 10.B the suspects leg.A 11.A knife was pulled out of my dogs chest 12.C I knew what was happening. Though badly 13.D ， Finn still didnt let go of the boys leg.I picked the attacker up and 14.D on him on th
4、e ground as my colleagues 15.A into the garden.Officers 16.C the attacker, pinning him to the floor.I 17.B Finn to let go, and only then did the dog 18.D its head to the ground.Finn 19.C four hours of emergency surgery and had to have several parts of his lungs removed, but luckily, he made it.The k
5、nife had 20.A his heart by millimetres.I am so proud of Finn.文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者和警犬一起成功捉拿嫌疑人的故事。1A.character Bexpression Cshape Dface解析：根据上文中的“make out”及常识可推知，作者当时辨认出嫌疑人熟悉的身形。故选C。2A.seeing throughBcaring forCbringing up Dsearching for解析：根据上文中的“fleeing suspect”及下文中的“he just got away.several times”可推知，这是作者
6、他们正在寻找(searching for)的男孩。故选D。 see through“看穿”；care for“照顾”；bring up“抚养”。3A.robbery BtrainingCdeed Dperformance解析：根据上文中的“suspect”可知，那个男孩是一个嫌疑人。故选A。robbery“抢劫”。4A.feet Bnoses Carms Deyes解析：根据下文“Not this time anyway！I swore in my mind.”可推知，这个嫌疑人已经在警察的眼皮子底下逃跑许多次，因此作者发誓这次绝不放过他。under sbs nose“就在某人眼皮底下”，为固
7、定搭配。5A.orderBcallCduty Dhelp解析：根据语境可知，当时作者孤身一人，只有警犬跟着，因此作者按了紧急按钮以向最近的警察局寻求帮助，且下文“my colleagues 15 into the garden”亦是提示。故选D。6A.quietly Bcarelessly CslowlyDmadly解析：根据语境可知，作者发出紧急求助后悄悄地(quietly)靠近嫌疑人，生怕打草惊蛇。故选A。7A.tree Bfence CgardenDhill解析：根据下文中的“as my colleagues 15 into the garden”并结合语境可推知，当时嫌疑人想攀爬过花园
8、篱笆(fence)。8A.attack Bpersuade CstopDarrest解析：根据下文对作者和嫌疑人搏斗的描述可推知，此处指嫌疑人想逃走被作者阻止了。故选C。9A.carried Bbrought Ctook Dpulled解析：与下文“A 11 knife was pulled out of my dogs chest”呼应可推知，此处指嫌疑人拿出了猎刀朝作者刺了过来。10A.breaking Bbiting Csqueezing Dpinning解析：根据上文“As usual，I was on duty with my police dog，German Shepherd F
9、inn.”可知，Finn是一条警犬，且与下文“Though badly 13 ，Finn still didnt let go of the boys leg.”呼应可推知，此处指警犬Finn咬住了嫌疑人的腿。故选B。11A.bloody Bshabby Cshiny Dsharp解析：根据下文“pulled out of my dogs chest”并结合语境可推知，猎刀刺进了警犬的胸膛，刀抽出时是血淋淋的(bloody)。12A.since Buntil Cbefore Dwhen解析：根据语境可推知，当时事发突然，作者还没有反应过来。before“在以前”符合语境。13A.beaten
10、Bthreatened Ctreated Dwounded解析：根据下文Finn接受手术，被切掉一部分肺可推知，当时警犬受伤(wounded)严重。14A.pushed Bthrew Claid Dstamped解析：根据语境及空前的“I picked the attacker up”可知，作者逮捕了嫌疑人，并把他踩(stamped)在地上。故选D。push“推”；throw“扔”；lay“放置”。15A.rushed Bwalked Cbroke Dslid解析：与上文“I hit an emergency button on my radio for 5 from the nearest
11、police station”呼应可推知，此处指救援队冲进花园帮助作者捉拿嫌疑人。16A.beat BchallengedCsurrounded Dcovered解析：根据下文“pinning him to the floor”可推知，当时警察把嫌疑人包围了，将他摁在地上。17A.forced Bsignaled Callowed Dgreeted解析：根据上文“Though badly 13 ，Finn still didnt let go of the boys leg.”可推知，作者示意警犬松开嫌疑人。signal“示意”。18A.rest Bshake Cput Ddrop解析：根据语
12、境可知，当时警犬一直咬着嫌疑人的腿不松口，故可推知在放开嫌疑人的腿之后，受伤严重的警犬倒在了地上。故选D。19A.checked over Bprepared forCwent through Dtook up解析：根据语境可知，警犬接受了四个小时的紧急手术。go through“经历”。20A.missed BhitCtouched Dcut解析：根据上文“Finn 19 four hours of emergency surgery and had to have several parts of his lungs removed，but luckily，he made it.”可知，警
13、犬受伤严重，但手术很成功，由此可推知，此处表示当时刺警犬的那一刀未击中(missed)其心脏，离心脏只有几毫米。.阅读理解(2021河南省九师联盟质检)The rose is a symbol of love in popular culture, but now the flower could hold more than just symbolic value. A new device (装置) for collecting and purifying water, developed at The University of Texas at Austin，was inspired
14、by a rose and is a great improvement on present methods. Each flower-like structure (构造) costs less than 2 cents and can produce more than half a gallon of water per hour per square meter.A team led by professor Donglei Fan developed a new approach to solar steaming for water productiona technique t
15、hat uses energy from sunlight to separate salt and other impurities from water.In a paper published recently, the authors outline how a rose provided the inspiration for developing a new kind of solar-steaming system made from layered, black paper sheets shaped into petals (花瓣). Attached to a stem-l
16、ike tube that collects untreated water from any water, the 3D rose shape makes it easier for the structure to collect and hold more liquid.“We were searching for more effective ways to apply the solar-steaming technique for water production by using black filtered(过滤) paper coated with a special typ
17、e of polymer (聚合物)，” Fan said. She and her team experimented with different ways to shape the paper to see what was best. They began by placing single, round layers of the coated paper flat on the ground under direct sunlight. After toying with a few shapes, Fan was inspired by a book she read in hi
18、gh school. It gave her the idea to try using a flowerlike shape, and she discovered the rose to be perfect.The device collects water through its stemlike tubefeeding it to the flower-shaped structure on top. It can also collect rain drops coming from above. Water finds its way to the petals where th
19、e polypyrrole material coating the flower turns the water into steam. Impurities naturally separate from water.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员从玫瑰花身上获得灵感，因而设计出了玫瑰花形状的一个新装置，该装置可以用于收集和净化水。1Which of the following words can best describe the new device? A ACheap and useful.BModern but costly.CSlow and expensive.DUniq
20、ue but impractical.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Each flower-like structure(构造)costs less than 2 cents and can produce more than half a gallon of water per hour per square meter.”可推断，该新装置既廉价又实用。2What makes it easier for the new device to collect and hold more liquid？ B AIts large size. BIts special shape.CIts unus
21、ual depth.DIts unique material.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“.the 3D rose shape makes it easier for the structure to collect and hold more liquid.”可知，这个装置之所以更容易收集和容纳更多的液体是因为其3D玫瑰形状。3Where does Fans inspiration for the new device come from？ D AHer experience.BA toy.CA schoolteacher. DA book.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“After toy
22、ing with a few shapes，Fan was inspired by a book she read in high school. It gave her the idea to try using a flowerlike shape，and she discovered the rose to be perfect.”可知，Fan设计这个新装置的灵感来源于她中学时看过的一本书。4What can be a suitable title for the text？ C ANew Devices Help Purify Water in a Natural WayBBeliev
23、e It or Not, Roses Can Be Used to Purify WaterCA Rose Inspires a Smart Way to Collect and Purify WaterDA Rose-shaped Water Purification Device Becomes Popular解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要是介绍研究人员从玫瑰花身上获得灵感，因而设计出了玫瑰花形状的一个新装置，该装置可以用于收集和净化水。.阅读七选五(2020青岛市五月模考)One truth about modern life is that nobody has any ti
24、me. 1.F So lets try a simple thought experiment. Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every single part of your job. 2.D Maybe youd pick up a hobby, or have more children, or learn to relax and enjoy yourself in the additional leis
25、ure. But what if I told you that you wouldnt do any of those things: You would just work the exact same amount of time as before. 3.B But there are simple reasons for this.Better technology means higher expectationsand higher expectations create more work. For most of history, humans were forced to
26、suffer from their own dirty and unpleasant substances. Most families clothes were washed twice a year. The housework technologies that came into the world suddenly between the late-19th and mid-20th century created new norms(标准) of cleanlinessfor our floors, our clothes, ourselves. 4.C Automatic was
27、hers and dryers raised our expectations for clean clothes and encouraged people to go out and buy new shirts and pants; housewives therefore had more loads of laundry to wash, dry, and fold.In short, technology made it much easier to clean a house to 1890s standards. 5.G They wanted a modern homewit
28、h dustless windowsills (窗台) and shiny floorsand this dustless shiny home required a 40-to-50-hour workweek, even with the assistance of modern tools.AYou are wasting your time.BThis might seem impossible.CNew norms meant more work.DWhat would you do with the extra time?E. That means you can have mor
29、e time to relax.F. Everybody is busy, burned out, and overloaded.G. But by mid-century, Americans didnt want that old house.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。介绍了为什么技术不断发展，人还是越来越忙的原因。解析：1根据上一句“One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time.”可推测，接下来应该讲为什么人没有时间，承接上文。故选F。2根据上文内容“Imagine that you come into possessio
30、n of a magical new set of technologies that could automate to promote every single part of your job.”和下文“Maybe youd pick up a hobby.”，此空承上启下，故推测询问：这些额外的时间你会干什么？故选D。3上文说到：假设你的工作自动化了或效率提高了，你还会和之前工作的时间一样长。此空应该表达不相信、不合理、不可能发生的意义。故选B。4根据下文内容：自动洗衣机和甩干机提高了我们清洁衣服的期望，鼓励了人们购买更多的衣服，于是家庭主妇有了更多的衣服要洗，甩干，整理。再结合上文提
31、到家务技术创造了新标准，推测此空含义为：新的标准带来了更多的工作。故选C。5根据上一句：科技使清洁房子达到1890年的标准更容易了；以及下文介绍的他们想要的房子的样子。再结合文章大意，随着科技的进步，标准的提高，人的要求也随之变高。推测此空指他们不想要达到90年代标准的旧房子。故选G。.语法填空(2020潍坊市一模)Tea is part of daily life in China. Serving a cup of tea 1.is (be) more than a matter of politeness. It is a symbol of togetherness, and a wa
32、y of showing respect for visitors. The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea 2.that they have developed an entire “Tea Culture”. It includes articles, poems, and paintings about tea, as well as the art of making and drinking tea, and 3.various (vary) related customs.Although there has been
33、 4.an increasing amount of literature about tea in recent years, such literature is certainly not new. During the Tang dynasty, Lu Yu, 5.who is known as the “Tea Sage (茶圣)”， wrote a book. It described 6.in detail the process of planting tea bushes, harvesting tea leaves, and preparing for the making
34、 of tea.The Chinese have high 7.requirements (require) for the quality of the tea leaf, the water and the utensil (器皿) they use to prepare and serve tea. Normally, the 8.finest (fine) tea is grown at altitudes of 900 to 2,100 meters. Water from good springs 9.is considered (consider) the best. The d
35、ark-red enameled pottery 10.made (make) in Yixing, Jiangsu province is the most popular.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。中国人与茶有着密切的关系，有一套完整的茶文化。文章介绍了中国茶文化的相关内容。1考查动词的时态和主谓一致。该句主语为动名词短语“Serving a cup of tea”，为单数概念，故谓语动词用单数形式；根据句意和空后一句所用的一般现在时可知，此处也应用一般现在时。故可知答案。2考查固定结构。分析该句结构并结合句意可知，该句使用了“such.that.”结构来引导结果状语从句。故用that。
36、3. 考查形容词。空处修饰名词customs，故用形容词形式，表示“各种相关的风俗习惯”。4考查冠词。an amount of为常见搭配，又amount前有increasing修饰，该词的发音以元音音素开头。故用an。5考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Lu Yu，表示人，又空处在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。6考查固定搭配。in detail为固定搭配，意为“详细地”，符合语境。7考查名词及其单复数。根据空前的形容词high可知，空处用名词形式；requirement为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用复数形式。8考查形容词的最高级。the修饰最高级，根据空前的the并结合下文中的“the best”，“the most popular”可知，该处表示最高级的含义，应用形容词的最高级形式。9考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。主语Water和动词consider之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句陈述的是一般现象，又联系空处上下句所用的一般现在时可知，此处也应用一般现在时；又主语为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is considered。10考查过去分词。分析该句结构可知，make与The dark-red enameled pottery为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式made。
