1、Period 3 Learning about Language.单词拼写1As soon as Id got through_(海关)I felt at home.2Her parents are both_(社会主义者)3 He reported on the whole event to the_(副的)primer.4Go straight ahead and turn left at the second_(十字路口)5The possibility that she might be wrong never even_(发生)to her.6There were over 500_
2、(申请人)for the job.7My little_(侄子)is very naughty.8In the North P_，polar bear will appear throughthe whole year.【答案】1customs 2socialists 3vice 4crossing 5occurred 6applicants 7nephew 8Pole .选词填空1 _isknown to usall is that theChinesegovernment has spared no efforts to protect people from fakefood.(What
3、/It/As/Which)2The last time we had great fun was_we werevisiting the Water Park.(where/how/when/why)3The designer asked_we were getting on well withthe project.(how/what/whether/that)4What we can learn from the story is_you mustntblame children for the mistakes of their parents.(where/what/whether/t
4、hat)5The media today can draw public attention to _helpis actually needed.(that/which/where/whose)【答 案】1 What 2 when 3 whether 4 that 5where1consist of由组成(或构成)The society consists of 30 members.这个协会有30个会员组成。consist in 存在于；在于consist with 并存；一致；符合完成句子考试分两部分：笔试和口试。The exam _two parts:a written test and
5、 an oral.在许多美国大学里，获得一个学位需要学习36门课程，每门课程则需一个学期。InmanyAmericanuniversities,thetotalworkforadegree_thirtysixcourses,each_foronesemester(学期)【答案】1consists of consists of;lasting2delight n.U 高兴，愉快n乐事，令人高兴的事情 vt.使高兴，愉快This guitar is a delight to play.这个吉他弹起来很惬意。(1)英语中有一些抽象名词，在一定的语境下可以转化为表示具体意义的名词，前面可以加不定冠词，
6、即抽象名词具体化，可以这样用的名词还有：success(成功的人/事)；failure(失败的人/事)；surprise(令人惊讶的人/事)；shame(带来耻辱的人/事)；comfort(令人感到安慰的人/事)；worry(令人感到烦恼的人/事)；beauty(美人或美丽的事)；envy(令人羡慕的人/事)；shock(令人感到震惊的人/事)；regret(令人感到遗憾的人/事)；pleasure(令人感到高兴的人/事)等等。(2)delight相关的短语：be delighted at/by因而高兴be delighted with喜欢take/find delight in以为乐be i
7、n high delight 非常高兴to ones delight 使某人高兴的是to the delight of sbwith delight 高兴地完成句子使我高兴的是，我可以为上海世博会做些事情了。_ _ _，I can do something for theShanghai World Expo.把我的压岁钱捐给贫穷儿童是件很惬意的事情。Donating my lucky money to the poor children is _.在新年晚会上，所有的孩子又唱又跳，非常高兴。In the New Years party，all the children are singing
8、 anddancing，_ _ _.【答案】To my delight a delight in high delight3occur vi.发生；举行；存在；(to)被想起It occurred to me to visit my parents.我突然想去探望父母。Many mistakes occur in your composition.你的作文出现了许多错误。It occurs/occured to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事“某人突然想起”的表达如下：Sth occurs to sbSth strikes sbSth comes to sbIt occurs to
9、 sbthatclauseIt strikes sbthatclauseoccur，happen，come about，take place与break out在表示“发生”时这些词均为不及物动词，均没有被动语态形式。(1)occur“发生、想到、突然想起”，相当于happen(2)take place“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”(3)come about“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句(4)break out“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病等事件的发生完成句子今天早上起床时，我突然想到一个好主意。An good idea_
10、me when I woke up thismorning.机器出了故障时，汤姆想起了关闭电源。_turn off the power when themachine went wrong.我突然想到举办晚会来庆祝我们的胜利。_we should hold a party to celebrate our victory.【答案】occurred to It occurred to Tom to It occurred to me that1Choose the words and phrases to fill in the blanks，changing their forms if ne
11、cessary.选择单词和短语填空，必要时变换其形式。此形式是条件状语从句中常见的省略形式，if 与 形 容 词 之 间 的 it is 被 省 略 了。ifnecessary 如果有必要，必要时。类似形式有：if possible(有可能的话，如果可能)，if so(如果是这样的话)，if any(即使有，就算有)，if ever(如果有过的话，如果发生过的话)，if not(否则的话，倘若，若非)等。Id like to visit the whole park today if possible.如果可能的话，我很想今天把整个游乐园都参观完。There is very little wa
12、ter，if any.即使有水，也只有一点儿。完成句子如果有必要，你可以参考字典。You can refer to a dictionary _.下周哪个晚上有空呢？要是有空，我们一块吃晚饭吧。Have you got a free evening next week？_，letshave dinner.【答案】if necessary If so2To make the crossing between these two great countriesseemed as if it would take no time at all!从一个大国穿越到另一个大国看起来似乎毫不费时！本句是一个
13、主从复合句，不定式作主语，seemed后跟的是as if引导的状语从句。seem的意思是“似乎，好像，仿佛，看来”，现将其用法归纳如下：seem(to be)名词/形容词seem不定式(不定式有时用进行时或完成时)seemlike名词It seems that看起来，似乎There seems(to be)似乎有It seems as if/though似乎(从句常用虚拟语气，如果所述情况实现的可能性较大，则从句用陈述语气)完成句子你好面熟，我似乎在什么地方见过你。You look familiar to me.I seem_ _ _you somewhere.看起来在工作当中还有很多需要学习
14、的东西。_ _ _ _lots of things tolearn in the office.【答案】to have seen There seems to be名词性从句一、概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clause)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词(词组)，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)、表语以及同位语。根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句。二、连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类：(1)连接词：that,whether，if(不充当从句的任何成分)；(2)连接代词：what,whatever,who,w
15、hoever,whom,whose,which(在句中充当主语，宾语或定语)；(3)连接副词：when,where,how,why(在句中充当状语，表示时间、地点、方式或原因)。三、名词性从句的分类(一)主语从句在复合句中，作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。1主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由that,whether,what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whom,how,when,where,why等引导。其中，that在句中无实义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当 一 定成分。注意：whom，who 指人，what 指物
16、，whatever和whoever表示泛指意义。Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。2用it作形式主语主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子；通常位于句末，句首则采用it作形式主语。注意，what引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：(1)It is名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,common knowledge,a surprise,a fact,etc.)that从句(2)It is过去分词(said,report
17、ed,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)that(3)It不及物动词(appears,seems,happens,occurred to me,turned out，ect.)that从句(4)It否定意义动词(doesnt matter,makes no difference,ect.)that从句(5)It is形容词that从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。注意：连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语it(what引导的主语
18、从句除外)。但如果句子是疑问句，则必须使用带形式主语it的结构。此外，当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?他们明天不来很要紧吗？How strange it is that the children are so quiet!孩子们这么安静真奇怪！3主语从句中的谓语动词形式在主语从句中，用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气：“(should)do”，常用的句型有：(1)It is necessary(important,natur
19、al,strange，etc.)that(2)It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)thatIts suggested that we(should)take measure at once.有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。语法填空What he wants to read now _(be)some magazines.Its important that children _(have)their ownhobbies and interests.It _(request)that he should leave before sev
20、enoclock.【答案】is(should)have is requested(二)宾语从句在复合句中，用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。1宾语从句的引导词宾语从句通常由连接词that,whether,if，连接代词或连接副词引导。(1)由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省去，但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。当that前有插入语时，that不宜省略。We must never think(that)we are good in everything whileothers are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么
21、都好，别人什么都不好。注 意：在 demand,order,suggest,decide,insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)动词原形”。I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。(2)连接代词/副词连接代词有who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等；连接副词有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever等。宾语
22、从句相当于特殊疑问句但又不同于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。2宾语从句的时态在含有宾语从句的复合句中，当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外)，从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等。当从句表示的是很客观真理、科学原理、自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。但是，当主句动词是一般现在时时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。3否定意义后移在动词think,believe,imagine,suppose等后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时，通常主句用否定形式，否
23、定意义转移到宾语从句中。We dont think you are here.我们认为你不在这。注意：通常只限于主句主语是第一人称的情况。4形式宾语it当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句中使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末。语法填空I dont imagine that he _(come)tomorrow.How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on_ he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.单句改错Please tell me which do yo
24、u like better._I think safe that we stay here._【答案】will come who/whoever/whom 去掉do think后加it(三)表语从句在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 系动词 that从句。The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。Thats just what I want.这正是我想要的。注意：(1)当主语是reason时，表语从句
25、要用that引导而不是because。The reason why he was late was that he missed the train byone minute this morning.他迟到的原因是早晨他晚了一分钟，错过了火车。(2)whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。四、名词性从句应注意以下几点1连接词what与that的用法区别what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分；that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。What we need to do is to provide better education for girls.(
26、宾语)2连接词whether和if的用法区别通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，要用连词whether，习惯上也说whetheror not。在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：a引导主语从句并在句首时；b引导表语从句时；c引导从句作介词宾语时；d从句后有“or not”时；e后接动词不定式时。I wonder whether he will come or not.(宾语，不可用if)我想知道他来还是不来。Can you tell me whether to go or to stay？(不可用if)你能否告诉我是去还是留？3名词性从句的语序与其他从句一样，名词性从句必须
27、用陈述语序。In ones own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲。4who/whoever/what/whatever的用法区别一般说来，what/who含特指意义，而whatever/whoever含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。5连接词that的省略引导主语从句、表语从句的连接词that不能省略；但引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略。用适当的词填空_we cant get seems better than_we have._
28、caused the accident is still a complete mystery.No one can be sure _man will look like in a millionyears.You cant imagine _ excited they were when theyreceived these nice Christmas presents._is a fact that English is being accepted as aninternational language.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachil
29、d_he or she wants._has helped to save the drowning girl is worthpraising.It was a matter of_would take the position.Our country has thousands of excellent scientists，most of_ have received higher education at home.【答案】What；what What what how It whatever Whoever who whom.完成句子1我们都知道谁将来做报告。_is known to
30、 us all.2问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。The question is_.3她说她将于下周归还那本书。She said_.4你能向我解释一下你昨天为什么没有来上学吗？Can you explain to me_?5他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。The fact_made us happy.【答案】1.Who will come to give the talk2whether we can finish the work in time3(that)she would return that book next week4why you didnt come to school yes
31、terday5that they won the prize.句型转换1What has he told her?Do you know？(合并为复合句)Do you know _?2As is wellknown,China has the largest population in theworld._Chinahasthelargestpopulation in the world.【答案】1what he has told her 2It is wellknown that.用适当的连词填空1If you know _ it was that wrote A Tale of TwoCi
32、ties，raise your hand.2We hope _ you will enjoy your stay here.3After ten years，she has changed a lot and looks differentfrom _ she used to be.4A reward of 1,000 dollars will be given to _ canfind the lost child.5After five days climbing the mountain，they reached_ they thought was the place theyd bee
33、n dreaming of.6._ worries me a lot is _ I keep forgettingwhat I just have done.7._ the meeting should last two days or three daysdoesnt matter.8._ he will go to work in a mountain villagesurprises all of us.9We never doubt _ our school team will win thematch against No.3 Middle School.10We must find out _ Karl is coming，so we canbook a room for him.【答案】1.who 2.that 3.what 4.whoever 5.what 6What；that 7.Whether 8.That 9.that 10.when点击进入WORD链接
