1、专题能力提升练七推理判断题文章出处类A2020普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷) Organic food is very popular. It is also expensive. Some organic food costs twice as much as nonorganic food, but new parents and pet owners are willing to pay up to 200% more for organic food. However, there are people who think it is a waste of money.Ther
2、e is one main difference between organic and nonorganic food. Organic farms do not use agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides (杀虫剂). In many countries organic foods have special labels. These guarantee that the products are natural.Some people think organic means locally grown. Originally this w
3、as true. Over time organic farming became more difficult. The demand for organic food grew larger than the supply. Small companies had to sell out to large companies. There werent enough organic ingredients (原料), such as grain and cattle. This made it difficult for many organic companies to stay in
4、business. Today, many large companies have an organic line of products.Is organic food more nutritious? This is part of the debate. Many farmers and consumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer. Many health professionals disagree. Few studies prove
5、that organic foods prevent health problems. Health specialists worry more about bacteria(细菌), such as E. coli and salmonella. These can get into contact with organic and nonorganic food. Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is important too.Most people agree that
6、 naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra money? This is a matter of opinion. Whether it is healthier or not may require more research. However, organic consumers argue that it is better to be safe than sorry.1What is probably the major concern of organic food consumers?AP
7、rice.BSafety.CFreshness. DVariety. 2What is the doctors suggestion?AGrow your own food.BReduce the use of pesticides. CMake sure the food is clean.DBuy large companies products.3. Which of the following do most people agree on organic food?AIt tastes better. BIt is easier to grow.CIt contains more f
8、at. DIt is more nutritious.4Where does this text probably come from?AA recipe book. BA chemistry paper.CA medical report. DA health magazine.B2020陕西省百校联盟第一次模拟 We all know the feeling of waking up in the middle of the night with a pounding heart and sweaty palms. Relax, you say to yourselfit was just
9、 a bad dream. Well, it may be that you really should relax, because nightmares might actually be good for you.According to New York magazine, bad dreams can improve your mental health. A bad dream tends to be based on a reallife concern, for example, an approaching test or a fear of a person. To eli
10、minate these worries the brain turns the dream into a story in the form of a bad dream.A bad dream enables you to distance yourself from your anxieties, and turn something youre worried about now into a memory. The result is that when you wake up youre able to move forward and face the future.A stud
11、y, featured in The Atlantic magazine, showed something similar. In a survey of more than 700 French students taking a medical school entrance exam, over 60 percent had negative dreams about the test the night before. These included not finishing on time, leaving a question blank, or being late. Thos
12、e who reported dreams about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didnt, suggesting that nightmares do in fact prepare us for the future. “We think nightmares are so common that they have some purpose to process stressors，” Anne Germain, director of the Sleep Center at the Univers
13、ity of Pittsburgh, said.So, the next time you lie awake at night after a bad dream, remember that it may be the brains way of putting your fears behind you and readying you for the future. Although a nightmare may make you afraid in the short term, it might be helping you to move on from the bad stu
14、ff you might be facing in the real world. Perhaps we should try to accept our nightmares rather than allow them to keep us awake, After all, lack of sleep causes far more problems than dreams do.5.Which of the following best explains “eliminate” in Paragraph 2?ARemove. BReflect.CSatisfy. DStrengthen
15、.6Why does the author mention the study in the fourth paragraph?ATo show medical school entrance exams will cause anxiety.BTo show those who have nightmares will do worse in an exam.CTo show most of the students will be stressed before an exam.DTo show nightmares help students perform better in an e
16、xam.7. According to the author, what should we do if we have a bad dream ?AWe should keep ourselves awake.BWe should relax and go on sleeping.CWe should study bad dreams carefully.DWe should prevent it from happening.8Where is this text most likely from?AA diary. BA guidebook.CA novel. DA magazine.C
17、2020绵阳市第一次诊断考试Wheat is a main source of food for people across the planet, accounting for a fifth of the calories consumed globally. But as a result of climate change，scientists believe most parts of the world where the crop is grown will be hit by water shortages by the end of the century. And the
18、U. S. could be among the countries worst affected，the authors of the research published in the journal Science Advances told Newsweek.If climate change isnt dealt with，by the year 2100, 60 percent of areas that grow wheat will be hit by water scarcityup from the current level of 15 percent, accordin
19、g to the international team of scientists.Coauthors Miroslav Trnka and Song Feng told Newsweek that in their previous research，they had shown climate change may cause soil to become less moist (湿润的) across most mainland U. S. states，including those where wheat is grown. As a result，the US. could be
20、“one of the top most affected wheat producers” in terms of the increase in areas affected by severe droughts，they said in a joint statement.Worryingly，existing research has predicted a 4.0 to 6.5 percent drop in global wheat production per 1 degree Celsius of warming if climate change isnt eased. An
21、d its unlikely that wheat can be replaced if water becomes scarce，as its not as thirsty as other crops and can do without water for a relatively long period of time.“If multiple regions are affected by drought at the same time，it might be difficult to meet the demand even if the trade routes stay op
22、en and are not restricted by governmental measures，” warned Feng and Trnka. However, they said, “Studies show that if we continuously improve the sustainability and technologies in the coming decades and allow for international trade, we may overcome the negative impacts of climate change.”9How will
23、 climate change hurt wheat production?ABy lowering the temperature.BBy reducing the water supply.CBy polluting the soil.DBy flooding the field.10. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?AWheat production caused droughts in most mainland U. S. states.BThe United States is the biggest wheat producer in th
24、e world.CThe United States will suffer a lot from climate change.DClimate change is closely watched by American scientists.11Why is wheat unlikely to be replaced by other crops in a drought? AIt is the primary food for most countries. BIt is not influenced by global warming. CIt is widely grown in m
25、ost countries. DIt needs less water than other crops.12In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AHealth. BScience.CEducation. DEntertainment.专题能力提升练七推理判断题文章出处类A语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会健康与安全有机食品【文章大意】有机食品很受欢迎，但价格也相对昂贵。一些人愿意为此支付高额的费用，也有一些人认为这是在浪费钱财。1答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Organic farms do not use
26、agricultural chemicals”和第四段中的“They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer”可知，有机食品不使用农药，许多消费者认为农药会引起健康问题，故可推知购买有机食品的消费者主要关心的是安全问题。2答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is important too”可知，医生建议要保证食品是干净的。3答案与解析：A考查细节理
27、解。根据最后一段中的“Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better”可知，大多数人认为有机食品尝起来味道更好。4答案与解析：D考查文章出处。通读全文可知，本文主要在探究有机食品是否更安全、更有营养，故可推知本文最可能选自健康杂志。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会研究发现噩梦的作用【文章大意】我们都有做噩梦的经历，都有过半夜醒来时心脏怦怦直跳、手心冒汗的感觉。但是研究发现，噩梦可能对我们有好处，噩梦可以改善我们的精神健康。5答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句“A bad dream enables you to
28、distance yourself from your anxieties, and turn something youre worried about now into a memory”可知，一个糟糕的梦能让你远离焦虑，把你现在担心的事情变成记忆。由此可推知，画线词的含义与“distance”的含义相近，故A项符合题意。6答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句“A study，featured in The Atlantic magazine，showed something similar”可知，该段提到的研究表明的内容与上文所述(噩梦改善你的精神健康，让你能够前进)有相似之处；
29、根据第四段最后一句可知，那些报告梦到考试的人，即使是做噩梦的人，也比那些没有梦到的人做得更好，这表明噩梦确实使我们为未来做好准备。由此可推知，作者提到该研究的目的在于表明噩梦帮助学生在考试中表现得更好。故选D。7答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第六段最后两句“Perhaps we should try to accept our nightmares rather than allow them to keep us awake. After all，lack of sleep causes far more problems than dreams do”可知，作者认为，我们应该试着接受我们
30、的噩梦，而不是让它们使我们保持清醒；毕竟，睡眠不足造成的问题比做梦多得多。由此可推知，我们做了噩梦应该放松并继续睡觉。故选B。8答案与解析：D考查文章出处。文章属于说明文，介绍了关于噩梦的作用的研究，故本文最有可能出自科学类或健康类杂志。故选D。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会气候与农业气候变化导致小麦减产【文章大意】科学家认为由于气候变化，到本世纪末，世界上大部分种植小麦的地区将受到缺水的影响，而如果气候变化不得到缓解，全球小麦的产量将会减少。9答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句可知，由于气候变化，小麦种植地将受到缺水的影响，又根据第四段可知，缺水会影响小麦产量，故选B。10答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“the US.could beone of the top most affected wheat producers”可推知，美国将在气候变化中受到很大影响，故选C。11答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句可知，小麦不像其他作物那样那么需要水，在相当长的一段时间内没有水也能生存，因此小麦不太可能被其他作物取代，故选D。12答案与解析：B考查文章出处。通读全文可知，这是一篇有关气候变化对小麦产量的影响的文章，由此可推知，本文可能出现在报纸的科学版块，故选B。
