1、2022届上海市行知中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use o
2、ne word that best fits each blank. A few weeks ago, my eldest son, who is in his first year teaching fourth grade in a public elementary school, _1_(decide) to put a suggestion box in his classroom, though he wasnt quite sure _2_the box would yield. The result was not so much suggestions as appeals
3、_3_kindness. From Lots of people dont mind their own business to I am stressed out because everybody keeps arguing about little things, there was a class-wide desire for compassion, even if there is no clear sense of how to get it. As a new teacher, my son is routinely surprised by things his 9-year
4、-old students do, but more than anything he is surprised by how badly they treat one another. The children want to be on the receiving end of kindness but have trouble _4_(hand) it out. On a daily basis, they _5_(trip) up by three obstacles: lack of impulse control, thoughtlessness; and difficulty w
5、ith forgiveness or letting things go. The episode reminds me of the well-known Henry James quote: Three things in human life are important. The first is to be kind. The second is to be kind. And the third is to be kind. I think of these words when Im with my kids, or just being a human in our world,
6、 struggling to understand _6_kindness is learned or innate(与生俱来的), or a little bit of both. Shortly after last years election, I bought a book called On Kindness. The authors also present a tour of kindness through the ages, from the Stoics through today, _7_ yields one surprising truth: kindness, w
7、hich seems immutable(永恒不变的) a part of the human experience as love or hate, joy or sorrow, is subject to cultural shifts, governed by the thinking and mood of the age. Published back in 2009, On Kindness ends on something of a down note when it gets to our modern times. In our_8_(strive) for success
8、, we have become so individualistic, too selfish, loath to admit that we are dependent on anyone, which brings me back to my eldest son. Twenty-two years old, he is all too aware of what gets lost in growing up, and so he wrestles daily with how to promote and sustain a feeling of kindness in his cl
9、assroom, for these children who are our future. His students are extremely sympathetic when one of _9_peers is upset. They are very good at comforting each other, my son recently told me. But its like they _10_ destroy each other first.【答案】1. decided 2. what 3. for 4. handing 5. are tripped 6. wheth
10、er 7. which 8. striving 9. their 10. have to【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者通过大儿子决定在他的教室里放一个意见箱的行为，感到孩子们想成为善良的接受者，但却很难把它传递出去。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：几个星期前，我的大儿子决定在他的教室里放一个意见箱，尽管他不太确定这个意见箱能带来什么。他在一所公立小学教四年级，这是他第一年。根据上文A few weeks ago可知应用一般过去时。故填decided。【2题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几个星期前，我的大儿子决定在他的教室里放一个意见箱，尽管他不太确定这个意见箱能带来什么。他在一所公立小学
11、教四年级，这是他第一年。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用what引导。故填what。3题详解】考查介词。句意：结果与其说是建议，不如说是呼吁友善。结合句意表示“呼吁”可知短语为appeal for。故填for。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们想成为善良的接受者，但却很难把它传递出去。此处为短语have trouble (in) doing sth.，应填动名词作宾语。故填handing。【5题详解】考查时态语态。句意：在日常生活中，他们会遇到三个障碍：缺乏冲动控制、考虑不周和很难原谅或放手。根据上文On a daily basis可知应用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故
12、用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为they，谓语用复数。故填are tripped。【6题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当我和我的孩子们在一起的时候，或者只是作为一个人在我们的世界里，努力理解善良是习得的还是天生的，或者两者兼而有之的时候，我就会想起这些话。空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是还是”短语为whetheror。故填whether。7题详解】考查定语从句。句意：作者还介绍了从斯多葛学派到今天的历代仁慈之旅，其中产生了一个令人惊讶的事实：仁慈似乎是人类经验中不可改变的一部分，就像爱或恨、快乐或悲伤一样，它受到文化转变的影响，受到时代的思维和情绪的支配。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词
13、a tour of kindness，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们追求成功的过程中，我们变得如此个人主义，太自私，不愿承认我们依赖于任何人，这让我回到了我的大儿子。空处作宾语，且为动名词的复合结构“形容词性物主代词+动名词”。故填striving。【9题详解】考查代词。句意：当他们其中一个同学感到沮丧时，他的学生非常同情。此处指students的同学，应用their。故填their。【10题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但好像他们必须先摧毁对方。结合句意表示“必须”短语为have to。故填have to。Sect
14、ion BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. absence B. advocate C. comparatively D. distinct E. escape F. focusedG. marked H. partly I. persuasive J. postponing K. progressiveTwenty ye
15、ars ago there was a debate about whether there were specific Asian values. Most attention _11_ on the doubtful claims that democracy was not among them. But a more interesting, if less noticed, argument was that traditional family values were strong in Asia than in America and Europe, and that this
16、_12_ accounted for Asias economic success. In the words of Lee Kuan Yew, Former prime minister of Singapore and a keen _13_ of Asia values, the Chinese family encouraged scholarship and hard work and thrift and deferment（推迟）of present enjoyment for future again.On the face of it his claim still appe
17、ars _14_ . In most of Asia, marriage is widespread and illegitimacy（私生）almost unknown. In contrast, half of marriages in some western countries end in divorce, and half of all children are born outside wedlock. The recent riots across Britain, whose origin many believe lies in a/an _15_ of either pa
18、rental guidance or filial（子女的）respect, seem to underline a profound difference between East and West. Yet marriage is changing fast in East, South-east and South Asia, even though each region has different traditions. The changes are _16_ from those that took place in the West in the second half of
19、the 20th century. Divorce, though rising in some countries remains _17_ rare. Whats happening in Asia is a/an _18_ from marriage. Marriage rates are falling partly because people are _19_ getting married. Marriage ages have risen all over the world, but the increase is particularly _20_ in Asia. Peo
20、ple there now marry even later than they do in the west.【答案】11. F 12. H 13. B 14. I 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. E 19. J 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了关于“亚洲价值观”的问题，传统的家庭价值观在亚洲比在美国和欧洲更为强大，还介绍了它的倡导者以及影响。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：大多数人的注意力集中在那些令人怀疑的说法上，即民主不在其中。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语be focused on集中于.，此处作名词attention的后置定语，省略be。故选F。【1
21、2题详解】考查副词。句意：但是，一个更有趣但较少被注意到的论点是，传统的家庭价值观在亚洲比在美国和欧洲更强大，这在一定程度上解释了亚洲经济的成功。分析句子结构可知，该句主干成分完整，需添加状语，partly部分地、一定程度上，副词修饰动词短语accounted for，在句中作状语，符合语法结构。故选H。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：用新加坡前总理李光耀和亚洲价值观的热心倡导者的话来说，中国家庭鼓励“学习、勤奋、节俭，把现在的享乐再推迟到未来。”分析句子结构可知，空处需要一个名词作Lee Kuan Yew的同位语， advocate倡导者，符合题意，前面有不定冠词a，所以用单数。故选B。【14
22、题详解】考查形容词。句意：从表面上看，他的说法仍然有说服力。结合下文内容可知，他的话从表面上来看是由说服力的，persuasive有说服力的，符合题意，形容词作表语。故选I。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：最近席卷英国的骚乱似乎突出了东西方的深刻差异，许多人认为骚乱的根源在于父母的教导或孝顺的缺失。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词，构成名词所有格，absence不在、缺席，前面有不定冠词，所以用单数名词，an absence of“.的缺席”，此处指父母教导的缺失。故选A。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：这些变化与20世纪下半叶发生在西方的变化截然不同。结合句子结构和句意可知，此处应用distin
23、ct“有差异的”作表语，be distinct from与有差别。故选D。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：离婚率虽然在一些国家有所上升，但相对来说还是比较少的。comparatively相对地，副词修饰形容词。故选C。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：亚洲正在发生的是对婚姻的逃避。escape逃跑、逃避，前面有不定冠词，所以用单数名词。故选E。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：结婚率下降的部分原因是人们推迟结婚。postponing推迟，用现在分词和are构成现在进行时态，表示正在发生的事情。故选J。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：世界各地的结婚年龄都在上升，但亚洲的增长尤为明显。marked明显的，形
24、容词在句中作表语。故选G。. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly,
25、 as western Europes last pristine wilderness. But the truth is, once youre off the _21_ track of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and theyre all bad, _22_ Icelands natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own _23_For them the land has always
26、just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, _24_the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the Mona Lisa.When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year _25_ with the Americ
27、an aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter （冶炼厂）, those who had been dreaming of something like this for decades _26_ the opportunity. For a long time, life here had meant little more than a hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, plagues, s
28、tarvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegetation and livestock, all spirit a world _27_ almost entirely around the welfare of ones sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of thes
29、e dying regions the remote and sparsely populated east where the way of life had steadily _28_ to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas (定额) were _29_ in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many individual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended
30、 up mostly in the hands of a few companies and small fishermen were virtually _30_. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing everything they had worked for all their lives turn out to be _31_ and their children move away. With the
31、old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. Smelter or death.The contract with Alcoa would infuse the region with foreign _32_, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expe
32、rtise that _33_ could be sold to the rest of the world and _34_ an economy historically dependent on fish. “We have to live,” Halldor Asgrimsson said. Halldor, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving _35_ behind the project. “We have a right to live.”
33、21. A. beatenB. exploredC. expiredD. centered22. A. soB. whenC. ifD. as23. A. governmentB. inhabitantsC. countrysideD. scale24. A. designedB. retainedC. exploitedD. preserved25. A. stageB. contractC. transitionD. prosperity26. A. gave upB. jumped atC. rushed toD. made up27. A. revolvingB. developing
34、C. StirringD. Initiating28. A. transferredB. declinedC. grewD. reformed29. A. preferredB. presentedC. resistedD. imposed30. A. wiped outB. held upC. kept downD. put aside31. A. pricelessB. superficialC. worthlessD. negative32. A. investmentB. ExclusionC. invasionD. landscape33. A. sociallyB. immedia
35、telyC. accidentallyD. potentially34. A. stabilizeB. wreckC. diversifyD. consolidate35. A. forceB. wheelC. instructorD. signal【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了冰岛因为地理原因在过去的很多年都如同死寂之地，终于在2003年国家电力公司和美国冶铝公司签订合同之时迎来可能换
36、取新生的机会。【21题详解】考查形容词词意辨析。句意：但真相是，一旦你脱离了人们居住的低洼沿海地区那被踩平的路线，道路就很少了，而且路况都很糟糕，因此冰岛的自然奇观是难以企及的，甚至也不为本地的居民所知。A. beaten踏平的；B. explored勘探过的； C. expired过期的；D. centered居中的。结合上下文，冰岛是一个荒原，如果要在上面行走一定要沿着被别人踩过的地方。故选A项。【22题详解】考查连词词意辨析。句意：但真相是，一旦你脱离了人们居住的低洼沿海地区那被踩平的路线，道路就很少了，而且路况都很糟糕，因此冰岛的自然奇观是难以企及的，甚至也不为本地的居民所知。A. s
37、o因此；B. when当；C. if如果；D. as因为，当。联系上下文“路况糟糕”和“自然奇观无法被接触”是因果关系。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词意辨析。句意：但真相是，一旦你脱离了人们居住的低洼沿海地区那被踩平的路线，道路就很少了，而且路况都很糟糕，因此冰岛的自然奇观是难以企及的，甚至也不为本地的居民所知。A. government政府；B. inhabitants居民； C. countryside农村；D. scale范围。联系上文low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives中的every就是指住在当的人，故此处用居民符合逻辑。故选B项
38、。【24题详解】考查动词词意辨析。句意：对于他们来说，这片土地就在那儿，有些事情需要处理，如果可能的话也叫开发，定势思维把土地作为商品而不是像蒙娜丽莎那样价值连城的艺术品。A. designed设计；B. retained保持； C. exploited开发；D. preserved保护。根据下文提到的有冶炼厂，电力公司入住，可知此处用“开发”符合语境。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词意辨析。句意：机会出现在2003年，国家电力公司进入了一个与美国冶炼厂长达40年的合同期，那些人对这件事已经期待很久了，所以欣然接受。A. stage阶段； B. contract合同； C. transiti
39、on过渡；D. prosperity繁荣。联系上下文，此处是指两个公司签订了个长达40年的合同。故选B项。【26题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：机会出现在2003年，国家电力公司进入了一个与美国冶炼厂40年的合同期，那些人对这件事已经期待很久了，所以欣然接受。A. gave up放弃； B. jumped at欣然接受； C. rushed to奔到； D. made up组成，编造。由句中的dreaming of something like this for decades可推断此处用“欣然接受”。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词意辨析。句意：在很长时间里，这里的生活仅仅意味着一间小屋，黑暗
40、的一冬，寒冷，没有希望，到处都是死去的孩子，瘟疫，饥饿，火山喷发毁坏了植被，牲畜和人的精神世界这个世界几乎围绕着一个人的羊的福利，以及后来的鳕鱼捕获量。A. revolving围绕；B. developing发展；C. Stirring搅动；D. Initiating开始。根据前文提到的，几乎所有牲灵都消失了，所以好像整个世界只围绕着少数东西运转。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词意辨析。句意：在那儿，生活已经慢慢衰落到一个绝望和灰暗的程度。A. transferred转移； B. declined降低，衰落；C. grew增长；D. reformed改革。根据前文提到的dying regio
41、ns可知，生活方式衰落了。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词意辨析。句意：为了保护渔业市场，在20世纪80年代早期捕鱼定额被推行后很多的个体船主卖掉了他们的工具或者送给别人，捕鱼权最终落在一些公司手里，小型渔民最终被清除出渔业市场。A. preferred更喜欢；B. presented呈献，呈送。C. resisted反抗；D. imposed推行。根据下文提到的捕鱼权落在公司之手，可知推行了捕鱼定额法案。故选D项。【30题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：为了保护渔业市场，在20世纪80年代早期捕鱼定额被推行后很多的个体船主卖掉了他们的工具或者送给别人，捕鱼权最终落在一些公司手里，小型渔民最终被清
42、除出渔业市场。A. wiped out清除；B. held up耽搁；C. kept down镇压； D. put aside搁置。联系句意，小型渔民因为没有捕鱼权，所以被清除出市场，符合语境。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词意辨析。句意：科技的进步导致更多由人工完成的工作流失，人们看到他们一生工作为之奋斗的一切东西最终被证明是没有价值的，他们的孩子也搬走了。A. priceless价值连城的； B. superficial肤浅的； C. worthless不值钱的； D. negative消极的，否定的。之前通过人工做的工作，现在由机器来完成，使得人觉得自身和生活都没有意义没有价值，觉得
43、人甚至不如机器。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词意辨析。句意：与美国铝业公司的合同将为这个地区带来外来投资，大约400个工作岗位和附带的其它服务业。A. investment投资；B. Exclusion 排斥C. invasion入侵；D. landscape风光。联系上下文，在冰岛的美国公司属于国外投资。故选A项。【33题详解】考查副词词意辨析。句意：这也是冰岛发展专业技能的方式，这些技能可能被卖给世界其它地方，并且让传统以渔业为主的经济多元化。A. socially社会地；B. immediately立刻地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. potentially有潜力地。联
44、系上下文，能否把科技买到世界其它地方还未可知，所以此处只是表达一个可能性。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词意辨析。句意：也是冰岛发展专业技能的方式，这些技能可能被卖给世界其它地方，并且让传统以渔业为主的经济多元化。A. stabilize稳定化；B. wreck破坏； C. diversify多元化；D. consolidate固化。联系上下文，以前单一地以渔业为主，现在可以有其它产业，故经济被多元化了。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词意辨析。句意：Halldor，来自该地区地前总理和长期议员说“在这个项目背后有一个驱动力，那就是我们有活着的权利”。A. force力量；B. wheel车
45、轮；C. instructor 指导者；D. signal信号。联系句意，活着就是“驱动力”。故选A项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information
46、 given in the passage you have just read.（A）Is there a magic cutoff period when children become responsible for their own actions? Is there a wonderful moment when parents can become spectators in the lives of their children and shrug, Its their life, and feel nothing? When I was in my twenties, I s
47、tood in a hospital passage waiting for doctors to put a few stitches (缝线) in my sons head. I asked, When do you stop worry? The nurse said, When they get out of the accident stage. My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.When I was in my thirties, I sat on a little chair in a classroom and he
48、ard how one of my children talked continually and disrupted the class. As if to read my mind, a teacher said. Dont worry, they all go through this stage and then you can sit back, relax and enjoy them My mother just smiled faintly faintly and said nothing. When I was in my forties, I spent a lifetim
49、e waiting for the phone to ring, the cars to come home, the front door to open. A friend said, Theyre trying to find themselves. Dont worry, in a few years, you can stop worrying. Theyll adults. My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing. By the time I was 50, I was sick and tired of being weak.
50、 I was still worrying over my children, but there was a new wrinkle, there was nothing I could do about it. My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing. I continued to suffer from their failures, an be absorbed in their disappointments. My friends said that when my kids got married I could stop w
51、orrying and lead my own life. I wanted to believe that, but I was haunted (萦绕心头) by my mothers warm smile and her occasional You look pale. Are you all right? Call me the minute you get home. Are you depressed about something? Can it be that parents are sentenced to a lifetime of worry?One of my chi
52、ldren telephoned me last month, saying, Where were you? Ive been calling for three days, and no one answered. I was worried.I smiled a warm smile.36. The author intends to tell us in the passage that_.A. parents long for a period when they no longer worry about their childrenB. there is no time when
53、 parents have no worry about their childrenC. its parents duty to worry about their childrenD. parents dont have to worry their children37. We can infer from the sentence My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing that_.A. her mother shared the same idea as the nurseB. her mother wouldnt express
54、 her opinion upon the matterC. her mother felt much relieved to know there was nothing serious about her grandsonD. her mother didnt agree with the nurse38. The author mentioned her ages of twenties, thirties, forties and fifty in order to show_.A. the hard times she experience in her lifeB. the dif
55、ferent stages of her childrenC. she had been worrying about her children in her lifeD. the support she received from her mother39. What can we infer from the last sentence I smiled a warm smile?A. Finally the mother didnt have to worry about her children.B. The mother was pleased that her child bega
56、n to worry about her, too.C. At last the mother could live her own life without worry.D. The mother felt satisfied that she had succeeded in turning her children into adults.【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要以自己的亲身经历向读者阐明了一个事实：父母无时不刻地为自己的孩子担忧。【36题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文可知，作者主要以自己的亲身经历向读者阐明了一个事实：
57、父母无时不刻地为自己的孩子担忧。故选B。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线句前句“I asked, When do you stop worry? The nurse said, When they get out of the accident stage.( 我问：“你什么时候能不让人担心?”护士说：“等他们过了事故阶段。”)”及下文作者母亲多次的微笑并什么也没说可知，作者妈妈知道父母都会一直为自己的孩子担心，从而推断她妈妈不同意护士的观点。故选D。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二、三、四、五段内容分别提到了自己在20多岁、30多岁、40多岁、50多岁时对孩子们的担心，以表
58、明她的一生中都一直在为孩子们担心。故选C。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“One of my children telephoned me last month, saying, Where were you? Ive been calling for three days, and no one answered. I was worried.(上个月，我的一个孩子给我打电话，问我：“你去哪儿了？我打了三天电话，都没人接。我很担心。”)”可推断，作者之所以笑是因为之前一直都是自己在为孩子担心而现在孩子也知道担心自己了，作者因此感到很欣慰而高兴。故选B。（B）Virtual re
59、alityProbably the most exciting tech development of recent times, virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with sufficient options available to the consumer whos searching for an extra amount of high-tech fun. The cheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy of Sony. Its PlayStation VR doesn
60、t require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library. There is some equipment you can purchase to enhance the experience, but if youve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400. Other high-end
61、offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsungs Gear VR, will get your head in the game.Wireless headphonesCombining ease of use with the ability to move wild around your home, gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plenty of practic
62、al options to suit any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. Theyve even earned the Editors Choice award at C a
63、nd can be purchased for less than $400 online.Digital camerasWhile your phone is a worthy assistant, theres no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days you can get quality specifications in a package thats almost as small as your smartphone. The shiny
64、design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. Domestically, its worth checking out Xiaomis mirrorless Yi M1 for a more affordable option. With a high-end 20-megap
65、ixel (兆像素) sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, its available from just 2,199 yuan.40. Sony can provide high-tech fun at the lowest cost because_.A players can play free games onlineB. PS4 owners dont need any other deviceC. it gives players adequate experienceD. players have purchased ex
66、pensive PCs41. What is Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones selling point promoted in the passage?A. They have various types to meet users needs.B. Users can reduce noise manually.C. They work better in the wild.D. Users can make phone calls with the headphones.42. If your friend, who favors eve
67、rything in the styles of the past, plans to make perfect pictures with a new device, you will most probably recommend _.A. A smart phone.B. Fujifilm X70.C. Olympus PEN-F.D. Yi M1.【答案】40. B 41. D 42. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些新技术：VR技术，无线耳机和数码相机的优点。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Its PlayStation VR doesnt require
68、 a tricked-out PC or expensive phone it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library.(它的PlayStation VR不需要华丽的个人电脑或昂贵的手机它与PlayStation 4控制板兼容，并在其库中提供了一些很棒的游戏)”，可知PS4自带游戏，用户不需要其他的设备。故选B项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are def
69、initely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls.(不过，Bose的QuietComfort 35无线耳机绝对值得一试。这款全尺寸环绕耳蓝牙耳机突出了积极的降噪功能，同时还可以作为电话耳机使用)”可知，Bose的QuietComfort 35无线耳机可以用于打电话，这是它的卖点。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根
70、据第三段“The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. (售价699美元的Fujifilm X70闪亮的设计让它成为完美的伴侣，或者你也可以选择复古的奥林巴斯PEN-F（售价1200美元），它拥有老式的外观和尖端技术)”可知，Olympus PEN-F是复古
71、风格，喜欢复古的朋友可以向他推荐Olympus PEN-F。故选C项。（C）Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibili
72、ty for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To re
73、ad such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at
74、 a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serio
75、us business, and even those reviews who wore (展示) their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling（使命）, and were proud to be published in the daily press. So few authors have brains enough
76、 or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism, Newman wrote “that I am tempted to define” journalism “as a term of contempt（轻蔑） applied by writers who are not read to writers who are”.Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester
77、 Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of Englands foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller.
78、 He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Carduss criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had chan
79、ged long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly polished Vicwardian（维多利亚和爱德华时代） prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.43. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 thatA. arts criticism has disappea
80、red from big-city newspapers.B. English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.C. high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.D. young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.44. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized by _.A. free the
81、mes.B. casual style.C. elaborate layout.D. radical viewpoints45. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?A. It is writers duty to fulfill journalistic goals.B. It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.C. Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.D. Not all
82、writers are capable of journalistic writing.46. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?A. His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.C. His style caters largely to modern specialists.D. His writings f
83、ail to follow the amateur tradition.【答案】43. B 44. A 45. D 46. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英文报纸在艺术评论板块的变化史。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.（艺术报道在发行范围和严肃性上不可阻挡的减少）和文章第二段的imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most bi
84、g-city newspapers.（想象一个高品质的艺术评论可以在众多大城市报纸上出现的年代）可以推测出，从前的英语报纸上有大量关于艺术评论的内容。故选B项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II，中的unfocused可知，在第二次世界大战之前的英文报纸是没有主题的。A. free them
85、es（自由主题）符合以上说法。故选A项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism可知，他们认为极少有作者足够有头脑和天赋能够从事新闻行业。D. Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.（并非所有的作家都能够写作新闻）符合以上说法。故选D项。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的Is there any chance that Card
86、uss criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death,可知，他的评论不会再复兴，因为大众对于新闻的品味早在他去世前就已经变了。A. His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.（现在他的音乐评论可能对读者没有吸引力）符合以上说法。故选A项。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in eac
87、h blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind
88、 of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. Why-when one word can bring such pleasure? A friend of mine who travels widely always tries to learn a little of the language of any place she visits. Shes not much of a linguist, but she does know how to say on
89、e word-beautiful-in several languages. _47_ . The ability has earned her friends all over the world. Its strange how chary we are about praising. _48_ . Instead, we are embarrassed and shrug off the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct compliments are surpr
90、isingly difficult to give. Thats why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us indirectly, in a letter or passed on by a friend. When one thinks of the speed with which spiteful remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity that there isnt more effort to relay pleasing and flatteri
91、ng comments. _49_ . An artist gets compliment for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right? Do you ever praise your paper boy for getting the paper to you on time 365 days a year?To give praise co
92、sts the giver nothing but a moments thought and a moments effort- _50_ . It is such a small investment-and yet consider the results it may produce. “I can live for two months on a good compliment, said Mark Twain. So, lets be alert to the small excellences around us-and comment on them. We will not
93、only bring joy into other peoples lives, but also, very often, add happiness into our own.A. Praise is particularly appreciated by those doing routine jobs.B. Comment is often made about activities which are relatively easy and satisfying, like arranging flowers; but not about jobs which are hard an
94、d dirty, like scrubbing floors.C. Its especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned.D. Perhaps a quick phone call to pass on a compliment, or five minutes spent writing an appreciative letter.E. She can use it to a mother holding her baby, or to
95、 a lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family.F. Perhaps its because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully.【答案】47. E 48. F 49. C 50. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赞美别人所带来的好处。【47题详解】根据前句“Shes not much of a linguist, but she does know how to say one word-beautiful-in several languages
96、.( 她并不算是一位语言学家，但她知道如何说一句话“美丽”用几种语言。)”可知，此处继续陈述作者的这位朋友如何赞美别人的。所以选择项E“She can use it to a mother holding her baby, or to a lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family.(她能对一位抱着孩子的母亲说这句话，或者对一位孤独的探寻出他的家庭前景的推销员说这句话。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。【48题详解】根据前句“Its strange how chary we are about praising. (奇怪的我们是多么小心谨慎
97、地赞美。)”可知，此处解释们小心谨慎地赞美的原因。所以选择项F“Perhaps its because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully. (可能是因为我们中很少有人懂得如何优雅地接受称赞。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。【49题详解】根据后文“An artist gets compliment for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when
98、the shirts are done just right? Do you ever praise your paper boy for getting the paper to you on time 365 days a year? (一位艺术家因为一幅辉煌的画作得到赞美，一位厨师因为一顿佳肴得到赞美。但是当你的衬衣洗熨得很好时你有没有告诉你的洗衣店经理你是多么的愉快？一年365天能准时将报纸送给你时你有没有因此夸奖报童？)”可知，这里是本段中心句。根据文章所举的例子可知，这些赞美是给别人一种特别的奖励。所以选择项C“Its especially rewarding to give pr
99、aise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned. (对于努力没有被注意或提及的领域给予赞美是一种特别的奖励。)”总领全段。故选C。【50题详解】根据前句“To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moments thought and a moments effort (给予称赞并不花费给予者什么，除了片刻的思考和片刻的努力)”可知，给予称赞其实很简单，只需要片刻的思考和努力。所以选择项D“Perhaps a quick phone call to pas
100、s on a compliment, or five minutes spent writing an appreciative letter. (可能一个迅速的电话传达了称赞，或者花5分钟写一封赞美的信。)”符合上下文语境，是对上文的举例说明，故选D。IV. Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own wor
101、ds as far as possible.A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so mu
102、ch about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our understandin
103、g of love. Therefore, the poets job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.Lets analyze this remarkably simple metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of
104、 that flower. A rose is impressive in its beauty, its petals (花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. Its possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The roses appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly equal in form. Isnt thi
105、s the way ones love should be? A loved one should be a delight to ones senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to covey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love the metaphor tells us. When one reach
106、es out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,” the metaphor warns, “Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering.” This is the poets understanding of lovean admonit
107、ion (劝诫). What is the point？Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor. _【答案】 A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. Poets use it to enable us to feel something t
108、he same way as they do. They use the metaphor concerning love and the rose because a loved one should be a delight to ones senses. The joy of the metaphor is that it uses simple words to express complex ideas.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了隐喻这种比喻方法，隐喻是一种处理比较的诗意手段，诗人用它使我们能够以与他们相同的方式感受事物。诗人常用玫瑰花比喻爱情，因为它们都是令人
109、愉悦的。隐喻的乐趣在于它能够使用简单的词语来表达复杂的想法。【详解】1.要点摘录A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison.Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language.Therefore, the
110、 poets job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.Lets analyze this remarkably simple metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers.A loved one should be a delight to ones senses and seem perfect.Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what
111、 a simple metaphor communicates in only four words!That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.2.缜密构思将第要点作为总说，将第、两个要点进行整合，将第、两个要点进行整合，将第、两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Poets use it to enable us to feel something the same way as they do.They use the metaphor concerning love and the rose because a loved o
112、ne should be a delight to ones senses.The joy of the metaphor is that it uses simple words to express complex ideas.【点睛】高分句型1 They use the metaphor concerning love and the rose because a loved one should be a delight to ones senses. 运用了because引导的原因状语从句对原文第二段内容进行了概括。 高分句型2 The joy of the metaphor is
113、that it uses simple words to express complex ideas. 运用了that引导的表语从句对原文第三段内容进行了概括，表达非常高级。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 务必自觉做到温故而知新。（see）(汉译英）【答案】See to it that you consciously review your lessons on a regular basis
114、so that you can obtain new knowledge.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定句式。本句为祈使句的肯定形式，根据句意可知，“务必”可用see to it that句型表示，该句型中it为形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语；“自觉”可用consciously表示；“温故而知新”可用 review your lessons on a regular basis so that you can obtain new knowledge表示，故答案为See to it that you consciously review your lessons on a re
115、gular basis so that you can obtain new knowledge.【点睛】53. 从小受到艺术的熏陶使得他比同龄人在拉小提琴方面有优势。（advantage）(汉译英）【答案】Being exposed to art from an early age makes him have an advantage over his peers in playing the piano.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和主谓一致。be exposed to接触；have an advantage over 优于； 比 有优势。play the piano拉小提
116、琴。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。句中缺少主语，所以用动名词形式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，故翻译为Being exposed to art from an early age makes him have an advantage over his peers in playing the piano.54. 因为出乎意料的暴力事件频发，出租车公司必须向乘客确保出行的安全。（assure）(汉译英）【答案】Because of the unexpected violence, taxi companies must assure the passengers of trave
117、l safety.【解析】【详解】考查短语和情态动词。because of因为，后接名词形式。unexpected violence出乎意料的暴力事件；travel safety出行的安全。must必须，后接动词原形。根据句意，故翻译为Because of the unexpected violence, taxi companies must assure the passengers of the safety of travelling.55. 随着新学期的逐步临近，建议学生调整生物钟，养成早睡早起的习惯，为开学做好充分的准备。（with）(汉译英）【答案】With the new te
118、rm approaching, students are advised to adjust their biological clock and get into the habit of going to bed early and getting up early so as to make full preparations for the new term.【解析】【详解】考查短语、时态、语态和非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事； get into the habit of 养成的习惯； go to bed early and get up earl
119、y早睡早起；so as to为了，后接目的状语；make preparations for为做准备。介词with后名词the new term之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。主语students与advise之间为被动关系，所以用被动关系。陈述现在事情，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为With the new term approaching, students are advised to adjust their biological clock and get into the habit of going to bed early and getting up early
120、so as to make full preparations for the new term.VI. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 据新闻报道，国庆长假全国各地景点游客爆满，比如杭州曾有一天接待游客人数高达100万。此新闻引发了人们对长假的不同看法。你在日记中写下了你的感受。日记内容包括：1. 对新闻的简要描述；2. 你的感受和建议。_【答案】Scenic spo
121、ts across China were crowded with tourists during the National Day holiday, with Hangzhou, for example, receiving as many as 1 million visitors on one day. I think it can be called “excessive tourism”. Excessive tourism would not only cause the air pollution, water pollution and solid waste, but als
122、o result in an inappropriate use of local resources, leading to the ecological structural imbalance. Not to mention the disturbance to the local living environment.The authority should take measures to limit the number of tourists, adding to the less popular travel routine. At the same time , it is
123、necessary to raise awareness of protecting the environment.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于夹叙夹议文，据新闻报道，国庆长假全国各地景点游客爆满，比如杭州曾有一天接待游客人数高达100万。此新闻引发了人们对长假的不同看法。要求考生描述该新闻并谈谈自己的感受和建议。【详解】1. 词汇积累导致：lead to result in contribute to采取措施做某事：take steps to do sthtake measures to do sth与此同时： in the meantime at the same time充满,挤满
124、：be full of be crowded with 2. 句式拓展同义句转换原句：Excessive tourism would not only cause the air pollution, water pollution and solid waste, but also result in an inappropriate use of local resources, leading to the ecological structural imbalance.拓展句：Not only would excessive tourism cause the air pollutio
125、n, water pollution and solid waste, but also result in an inappropriate use of local resources, leading to the ecological structural imbalance.【点睛】高分句型1 At the same time , it is necessary to raise awareness of protecting the environment.（it做形式主语）高分句型2 Excessive tourism would not only cause the air pollution, water pollution and solid waste, but also result in an inappropriate use of local resources, leading to the ecological structural imbalance.（现在分词作结果状语）
