1、2012届高三英语最后一讲 单项填空纵观这几年的高考题，大家可以发现考查点以动词为主，围绕动词时态与语态、非谓语动词、情态动词展开。考点已经相对固定，无非就是冠词、介词、代词、形容词、副词及其比较级、情态动词、非谓语动词、近义词比较、三大从句、主谓一致、倒装等。基本上每题只考查一个知识点，不像我们平时练习中，经常会出现一道单选题考查了时态、语态、从句、分词等等。这在高考里是基本不会出现的。否则高考后专家们没有办法搞清楚这道题目究竟大家是错在了时态上，还是错在了从句上或者是分词上。单选题主要是考查语法项目的考纲里要求考生在特定的语境中，灵活运用语法、语用和词汇知识来完成特定的任务。命题专家通过设
2、置情景，将知识的考查与语言意义的考查有机地结合，实现了知识与能力综合测试的目标。一.时态题的考查。. More patients _ in hospital this year than last year.（04年26题）A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated. They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _it as no good results have come out so far.
3、 （05年29题）A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still workingC. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working. Although medical science _ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. （06年27题）A. achievedB. has achi
4、evedC. will achieveD. had achieved.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement _.（07年23题）A. has been reachedB. had been reached C. has reachedD. had reached. - _ you _ _ him around the museum yet?- Yes. We had a great time there. （07年27题）A. Have shown B. Do show C. Had shownD. Did
5、show - Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.- I think so. He _ for it for months. （08年33题）A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing. The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. Ks。5u
6、（2009江苏卷21）A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing 上面出现的7道题，选择的竟然都是完成时。也就是说六年高考竟然考了6道完成时。不总结不知道，一总结吓一跳啊！而事实上我只是给大家列了这7题而已，其实间接考查完成时的但选题还有呢，比如04年的31题，此外以完成时为干扰项的单选题还有至少3题。高考命题专家每年都会对历年的高考题进行研究，相信他们不可能不发现这一重复点，那么我们就可以得出这样一个结论：完成时就是重要，我们就是要考它！所以在后期教学里老师和同学都应该对这种时态好好研究一下。时态题还有一个考点也是学生容易出错的，也是与
7、完成时有关的。大家请注意以下两句话的区别：He has served in the army for 5 years. (现在他还在部队)Now he is a worker, and he served in the army for 5 years.（现在已经离开部队）这两道题的语境不同，答案也就不同了，大家也要注意下。?2?过去进行时（sb was/were doing sth）是另外一个重点.例如：Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _ of my friends back ho
8、me.A. have just thoughtB. was just thinkingC. would just think D. will just be thinking二.定语从句的考查。1. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.（04年33题）A. Which B. When C. What D. As2. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
9、 （05年32题）A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which3. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（06年29题）A. whoB. thatC. asD. which4. He was educated at the local h
10、igh school, _ he went on to Beijing University. （07年33题）A. after whichB. after thatC. in whichD. in that5. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. （08年33题）A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where6. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone
11、_ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. ks5（2009江苏卷23）A. if B. when C. which D. since 通过上面五道单选题，我们可以看出，每年定语从句都要考，除了05年和09年江苏高考考了限制性定语从句外，其他年份考的都是非限制性定语从句。其实这几道题目很有代表性的，比如06年和08年，都选which,05年和07年都是介词加which。04年考as引导的非限定其实也是考查as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别的。所以我们将继续把which引导的定语从句放在重点。在这里我要说明一下啊，并
12、不是说其他引导词就不要记了，比如像先行词既有人由有物时，引导词只能是that,先行词在由which和who提问的句子里时引导词只能是that等等。这些也都是重要的。有三个非常漂亮的句子送给大家，是由whose 引导的定语从句换成而来的：1. I live in a wooden house, whose window faces the sea.2. I live in a wooden house, of which the window faces the sea.3. I live in a wooden house, the window of which faces the sea.
13、尤其是前两个定语从句，多一个the和少一个the ,答案截然不同。当然介词加which也应该是我们尤其注意的考点，选择什么介词，取决去介词和先行词之间的搭配，如： This is a book in which I am very interested.此处的in就不可以换成别的介词。三. 情态动词的考查。1. - I dont mind telling you what I know.- You . Im not asking you for it. (04年22题)A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt2. - The woman biologist
14、stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.- Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! (05年31题)A. may go through B. might go through C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through3. - I think Ill give Bob a ring.- You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages.
15、(06年21题)A. willB. mayC. have toD. should4. - She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.- I guess so. Its not difficult after all. (07年22题)A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. might5. - Im sorry. I _at you the other day.- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. (08年35题)A. shouldnt shoutB. shouldnt
16、 have shouted C. mustnt shoutD. mustnt have shouted6. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. （2009江苏卷28）A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed 通过上面6道单选题我们发现，每年至少考一题情态动词。04年和06年考的是情态动词的一般用法，05年，07年和08年09年考的是情态动词的特殊用法，即情态动词对于过去的推
17、测。通过上面几题，我们在现在就应该把常见情态动词的用法以及常见情态动词的特殊用法搞清楚。比如说may/might as well，意思是不妨做某事，这里的情态动词就不能换成别的。我认为情态动词里should, shall, can是最重要的三个。为什么这么说呢？因为这三个词在各类考试里出现的几率太大太大了。比如说shall在疑问句中，与第一第三人称连用时表示征求对方的意见；比如说should可以表示惊讶遗憾的语气，意思是竟然,居然。He should have married that girl.这个句子就有两钟翻译,一是他本应该娶那个女孩，另外一种翻译就是他居然娶了那个女孩。究竟是哪种翻译要
18、看具体的语境了。can的用法很多，可以表示有时候可能怎么样，如：It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometime.A. must B. can C. should D. would另外情态动词表推测一定要记住，有两种一是对现在和将来的状况进行推测，一是对过去事情的推测。用法在这里我就不一一列举了。情态动词的反义疑问句也是很重要的，有几个特殊的一定要记住。比如说以下的三个例子：1. he must have watered the trees yesterday, didnt he?2. he
19、 must have watered the trees, hasnt he?3. he must have been very tired yesterday, wasnt he?这三个句子的反义疑问句看上去主句都差不多，但是结果却完全不一样。情态动词的表示责备语气的三种用法，像should(ought to)have done, could/might have done, neednt have done,大家也要注意。四.倒装句的考查。倒装句型是高考命题的一个热点，我们估计这一考点将是2010年的一个重点。作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装；具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,
20、句子用部分倒装。首先来看下近几年江苏考了哪些倒装句。1._ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.(2005年35)A. so curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious2. - My room gets very cold at night.- _. (2007年31)A. So
21、 is mineB. So mine isC. So does mineD. So mine does3. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. (2008年32)A. Only if will you B. Only if you will C. Unless will you D. Unless you will4. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniver
22、sary this morning are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad. (2008年32)A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended 这四个个倒装句其实并不难，都是我们大家平时常见的，老师常讲的。所以大家要把全部倒装，部分倒装的所有用法好好再看看。我从几个市的模拟题上发现这三个结构是经常出现的，大家要好好注意下。Hardly/scarcely.when, no soonerthan,以及not onlybut also它们引导分句时，如果如果否定词放在句首的话，主句要用部分倒装，否
23、则就不需要。不要认为这很简单就不注意了，高考就是考查这些简单的而又容易错的。在Hardly/scarcely.when, no soonerthan中，主句要用过去完成时，从句要用一般过去时，这一点大家也要记住。五.状语从句的考查。状语从句几乎是每年高考必考的项目，年年考，年年变，但是万变不离其宗，无非就是根据句子的意思，根据一些固定搭配，选择恰当的连词罢了。我们先来看看这几年江苏高考考了哪些状语从句。1. I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. (04年23)A. While B. Since C. Be
24、fore D. Unless2. Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process (过程)_ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination. (05年34)A. until B. but C. unless D. for3. _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover. (06年31)A. Even ifB. If onlyC. Whil
25、eD. Once4. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.(08年32)A. Only if will you B. Only if you will C. Unless will youD. Unless you will5. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. （2009/31）A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Unti
26、l 所以大家对于常见的九大状语从句里的连词一定要熟练于心。像时间状语从句里的when, while, once, until, before等，原因状语从句里的now(that), seeing(that), considering(that), given(that), as long as等;条件状语从句中in case, on condition that, suppose/supposing(that), provided/providing(that), so/as long as等;让步状语从句中even if, even though, while, whetheror,以及像w
27、hatever, whenever, no matter what.等等;目的状语从句里for fear that, in case, lest等等。大家还要注意状语从句里的省略情况，做题原则和状语从句一样，把省略句还原即可。（如果状语从句中主句的主语和从句主语一致时，且从句的谓语动词含有be动词时，状语从句中长可以省略主语和be 动词）。通过大量做题，我们发现以下状语从句引导词出现频率较高，分别是：unless, as long as, while, before, until. 例如：1.I wont call you, _ something unexpected happens.A.
28、unless B. whether C. because D. while2 . Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach.A. as ifB. as long asC. now thatD. in order that3. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.A. but B. while C.
29、 because D. though4. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back.A. before B. since C. till D. after5. I did not watch TV _she came back.A. before B. since C. untill D. after六. 非谓语动词的考查。这是每年高考的必考点。我们还是先来看看近五年江苏高考考了非谓语动词的哪几种形式。1. The man insisted_ a taxi for me
30、even though I told him I lived nearby.（04年25）A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding2. A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night. （04年30）A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted3. The old man, _abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. （04/31
31、）A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked4.- Is Bob still performing?- Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official. （05/25）A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left5. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved
32、 by the local police. （05年27）A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing6. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. （06年30）A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said7. - There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.- My good
33、ness! I cant imagine _ that old. （06年32）A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. having been8. - Can I smoke here?- Sorry. We dont allow _ here. （07年28）A. people smokingB. people smokeC. to smokeD. smoking9. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. （07/ 30）A.
34、 interestedB. interestingC. interestD. to interest10. - Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come?- Sorry, I have no idea. （07年34）A. lifting upB. going upC. bringing upD. growing up11. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve.（07年35）A. feeling well
35、B. feeling goodC. feel wellD. feel good12. - They are quiet, arent they?- Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. （08年29）A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking13. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. （08年34）A. speakB. speakingC. spoken
36、D. to speak14. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures. （2009江苏卷26）A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped 仔细一数还真不少啊，平均每年考了非谓语动词近三题呢。经过仔细分析后我们会发现，非谓
37、语动词无非就是考查分词做状语，分词做定语，动名词做主语做宾语，不定式做宾语和做宾语补足语，以及不定式的特殊用法。通过上面题目的分析，我们给大家几个TIPS。首先要注意一些固定搭配，比如04年的insist on doing sth, 06年的imagine doing sth, 07年的allow doing sth, keep doing sth, 08年的be accustomed to doing sth 等等，这些都是考查最基本的动词的固定搭配，其实一点也不难的！其次大家要注意的是，分词短语做定语和做状语，这应该是09高考的重难点，我认为做这类题目，审题很关键，你首先要搞清楚动词与所修
38、饰的词之间的关系，它们之间是动宾关系还是主谓关系，进而确定是用现在分词还是用过去分词。分词做状语时还要考虑到它的时态，具体题目请参考04年31题。非谓语动词是高考绝对的热门，分词作状语和分词作定语应该是出题的重点，因为去年主要考了不定式的用法。此外今年独立主格结构或者with的复合结构也将有可能出现。非谓语动词在其他项目里也会大量的出现，像完形和TASK READING里面肯定会考到的，所以大家多花点时间也是值得的。1. _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being
39、bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten2. The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced3. Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York , have had experiments of
40、this kind, _ old factories turned into successful art centers.A. for B. with C .as D .like3. Weather permitting，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow七. 强调句的考查强调句是最近交流试卷中出现频率较高的一种题型，是每年高考重点考查的项目，下面我们一起回顾下把常见的强调句的用法。1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（强调主语且主语指人可以用who,当然也可以使
41、用that）+ 其它部分。强调句式只是把句子中某些词(被强调部分)改变位置,所以把强调结构(it is/was. that/who)去掉之后,句子一定是完整的e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。这是重点e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？ 一定要注意,这是出题点,也是考点,掌握它的最好方法是多记几个这样的
42、句子,最后一定会融会贯通的.e.g. When and where was it that you were born? 认真研究下面的例句.体会一句话语法: 强调句式只是把句子中某些词(被强调部分)改变位置,所以把强调结构(it is/was. that/who)去掉之后,句子一定是完整的4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming
43、that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，
44、用It was ，其余的时态用It is 。（二）not until 句型的强调句 这也是出题点和考点,掌握的方法: 多记几个这样的句子,最后一定会融会贯通的.1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分e.g. 普通句：He didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中
45、It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。八.名词性从句。高考考查名词性从句这已经是公开的秘密了，试卷里到处都能看到名词性从句的身影。虽然江苏高考6年在单选题里只考查了三题，但是在完形填空和阅读理解及任务型阅读里大量出现，我们还是大胆的预测，09高考应该会出现一题名词性从句。我们还是先来看看江苏高考06年和07年这两道经典题目吧，然后再仔细地分析。1. We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.（06/35）A. ifB. where
46、C. whetherD. that2. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. （07年25题）A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether3. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be life s most important decision - marriage - almost entirely up to luck. （2009/34）A. as B. that C. which D. wha
47、t 这三道单选题考查的都是宾语从句。大家尤其要注意分隔式同位语从句，我认为这是一个重点。例如： The news made us quite happy that our team won the game.另外大家还要注意同位语从句与定语从句的区别，不要思维定势。比如上面那句话也可以改为The news that made us quite happy is that our team won the game.这样就变成了定语从句了。1. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. what
48、 C. whoever D. whatever2. News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. which B. what C. that D. where九. 代词的考查。1. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will_.（04年21题）A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else2. Im moving to the country
49、side because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city. （05/26）A. ones B. one C. that D. those3. My most famous relative of all, _ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather. （06年22题）A. oneB. the oneC. heD. someone4. Nine in ten parents said there were significan
50、t differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _ of their parents. （2009江苏卷35）A. those B. one C. both D. that代词的考查还是比较多的，大家一定要搞清楚常见的代词，比如none, no one, nothing之间的区别。要注意常见替代词的用法，比如one, the one, ones, the ones, that, those等。 我把考试出现频率较高的一些代词列了一下，频率由高到低是: it, that, one, none。我还
51、是感觉it太重要了，它的用法太多太多，都非常的漂亮。举个例子吧，it可以用在like, love, hate, appreciate, help等动词后做笼统宾语，形式宾语。举个例子： I couldnt help it if the bus was late. 另外像it的常见的句型也要记住，比如take if for granted that从句，see to it that从句，depend on it that从句。给大家几个常见的例句：1. Id like some more cheese.Sorry, theres _ left.A. some B. none C. a littl
52、e D. few2. _ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. ThisC. ItD. That3. Little joy can equal _ of a surprising ending when you read stories.（2007 四川卷）A. that B. those C. any D. some4. The CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get completely free.A. other B. others C. one D. ones5. Tom is a clever boy
53、, one everyone likes.十. 其他知识点的考查。高考应该考查冠词一题，肯定会有交际用语1-2题，动词及动词词组辨析1题左右，形容词辨析一题左右，这些动词或形容词都是大家平时经常遇到的，难度不会太大。如果有介词考查的话，大家也不要奇怪，这里根据近几年高考出现的频率我给大家推荐几个：beyond,against，over，among, with这三个介词有很多意思，非常重要。1. Four Chinese models were _ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition
54、. A. among B. between C. along D. beside 2. Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.A. beyond B. without C. of D. in3. Although my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.A.against B.onC.for D.in4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much.A. for B. when C. with D. while5. They were discussing the matter over drinking coffee.
