1、Section Other Parts of the Module原文呈现The Man Who Made Spelling SimpleIn English the spelling of words does not alwaysrepresent the sound.So people say/raIt/but spell it right,or write,or even rite.Combinations of letters(like ough)may be pronounced in a number of ways.And some words just seem to hav
2、e too many letters.For Americans things are a little bit easier,thanks tothe work of Noah Webster,a teacher who graduated fromYale University in 1778.As a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of Independence,and he felt that written English in the newly independent United
3、States should have a distinctive“American”look.读文清障not always 并不总是，表示部分否定。represent vt.代表；象征combination/kmbIneIn/n.组合；结合in a number of ways 以多种方式a little bit 稍微thanks to 幸亏，多亏graduate from 毕业于a teacher 是 Noah Webster 的同位语，who 引导定语从句，修饰 a teacher。as a young man 年轻时，注意 as 不要直译为“作为”。fight against 与作斗争；
4、为反对而斗争fight for 为而斗争distinctive/dIstIktIv/adj.与众不同的look/lk/n.外观；外表；样子用作复数时，意为“相貌”。简化拼写的人第 12 段译文在英语中单词的拼写并不总是代表其发音。所以人们说/raIt/，但是拼写成 right 或 write，甚至 rite。字母的组合(如 ough)可能有很多发音方式，并且一些单词看上去有太多的字母。对美国人来说，事情(单词拼写)稍微容易些，这多亏了一位叫诺亚韦伯斯特的人，他是一位 1778 年毕业于耶鲁大学的教师。年轻时，他就参加过反对英国的美国独立战争，并且他觉得书面英语在新独立的美国应该有明显的“美国”
5、特色。So he began his work on American English.His first book,The Elementary Spelling Book,suggested simplifying the spelling of English words.The book was extremely popular.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,makingit one of the most popular school books ever.Many of the suggestions
6、were quickly adopted.Centerinstead of centre,program instead of programme,and flavorinstead of flavour.Others,however,such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine,were not.Webster is best known for his American Dictionary ofthe English Language,which first appeared
7、in 182821.It introduced22 lots of new American words,with information about their pronunciation23 and use,and,of course,the new spelling.The British criticised24 the dictionary,but it quickly became a standard25 reference26 book in the States.Today,Websters dictionary is still the number one diction
8、ary for American students.suggest doing.建议做simplify/sImplIfaI/vt.简化extremely adv.尤其，非常现在分词短语在此处作结果状语。ever 与最高级连用，意为“空前，有史以来”；与比较级连用，意为“曾经，以往任何时候”，用来加强语气。adopt vt.采用，采纳；收养注意形似词 adapt，意为“使适应，改编”。silent letters 不发音的字母be best known for 因而最著名原级：be well known for21 which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 AmericanDictionar
9、y of the English Language。22 introduce vt.引进23 pronunciation n发音，pronounce v发音24 criticise/krItIsaIz/vt.批评criticise sb.for sth.因某事批评某人25 standard/stndd/adj.标准的26 reference/refrns/n.参考；查阅a reference book 参考书第 35 段译文 因此他开始了美式英语的工作。他的第一本书，基础拼读教材，建议简化英语单词的拼写。这本书非常受欢迎。到19 世纪 50 年代，每年售出 100 万册，结果使它成为史上最受欢
10、迎的校园用书之一。许多建议很快被采纳了。center 代替了 centre，program代替了 programme，flavor 代替了 flavour。然而，其他的，例如去掉 island 中不发音的字母 s 和 examine 中的最后一个字母 e，则没有被采纳。韦伯斯特最出名的是他的美国英语词典，这本词典在1828 年首次出版。书中引进了大量新的美式单词，且带有它们的发音和用法，当然也有新的拼写方式。英国人批评该词典，但是在美国它却很快成为标准的参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典对于美国学生来说依然是头号重要的词典。Choose the best answer according to th
11、e text.1What is the text mainly about?AWebster and his best sellers.BBritish and American English.CThe history of American English.DThe man who made spelling simple.2Which is the RIGHT order according to the text?Webster graduated from Yale University.American Dictionary of the English Language came
12、 out.Websters book was selling one million copies a year.Webster took part in the American War of Independence.A BCD3What can we learn from the text?AAll the spelling of words does not represent the sound.BThe Elementary Spelling Book was published in the 1850s.CWebsters suggestions were accepted co
13、mpletely.DWebsters dictionary is the best all over the world.4What attitude do the British have towards Websters dictionary?AThey thought highly of it.BThey didnt like it.CThey argued bitterly about it.DThey followed the examples of it.答案：14 DCAB.单词拼写1The prisoner (尝试)an escape,but failed.2The sword
14、 was (赠送)by the family to the museum.3The government has been (批评)by the public for not dealing with the incident in time.4After I gave my (标准的)answer,he kept on asking.5Its going to rain today by the (样子)of it.6During the festival and celebration,you can appreciate the music and dance with (与众不同的)f
15、eatures.attemptedpresentedcriticisedstandardlookdistinctive.根据汉语意思及词性写出下列单词1adv.迅速地adj.迅速的2n宣布vt.宣布3n(广播、电视节目的)期；版vt.编辑n编辑4vt.加；增加n增加；增加物5vt.简化adj.简单的6n组合；结合vt.使结合；使联合7n参考；查阅vt.参考rapidlyrapidannouncementannounceeditionediteditoraddadditionsimplifysimplecombinationcombinereferencerefer巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨a
16、nnounce announcement 动词加-ment构成名词editedition动词加-(t)ion构成名词.根据汉语意思补全短语1inof同意；支持2refer to.称为3thanks幸亏，多亏4get on wellsb./sth.与某人相处得好/某事进展得顺利5get usedsth.习惯于某事6aof两三个；几个7wear消失8graduate毕业于favourastowithtocoupleofffrom1教材原句 Im getting on just fine,now that I understand the local accent.由于我懂得了当地语言，所以一切进展
17、顺利。句型点拨 now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句。佳句赏析 既然你已经完成作业了，你可以去打篮球了。Now that you have finished your homework,you can go to play basketball.2.教材原句 In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是体现其发音。句型点拨 not 与 always 连用表示部分否定。佳句赏析 他的言行并非总是一致。His deeds do not always agree with
18、his words.3.教材原句 By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,making it one of the most popular school books ever.到 19 世纪 50 年代，每年售出一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的校园图书之一。句型点拨 现在分词短语作结果状语。佳句赏析 新建的小木屋沿街排成一行，将这个古老的小镇变成了一个梦幻之地。Newly-built wooden cottages line the street,turning the old town into a dreamland.1I
19、f Callum picked up the local accent he started to use it.(P7)如果凯勒姆学会当地口音，他会开始使用它。pick up 拿起；开车接(某人)；增强；改善；好转；(偶然)学会；加速；接收；收听(广播)；买到某物(尤指廉价或运气好)一词多义 写出下列句中 pick up 的含义Its surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly he hasnt lived there very long.My radio can pick up the BBC programmes c
20、learly.偶然学会收听Many people stood near the bus stop,nervously waiting to be picked up.We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction.She was ill for a long time but is picking up now.开车接(某人)买到某物(尤指廉价)好转pick out 挑选出；了解；领会pick on 挑选；选中；批评That pile on the left are the ones that have been picked out f
21、or the library.左边的那一堆是挑出来给图书馆的。The examiners can pick on any student to answer questions.主考者可挑选任何学生来回答问题。2Now add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety.(P8)现在再补充一些观点来支持你所选择的种类。add vt.加；增加；补充“You can tell that he is extremely embarrassed，”Mr Brigden added.“你能看出他尴尬极了，”布里格登先生补充道。add.to.把加到里a
22、dd to 增添add up 合计add up to 总计为His answer to my questions has only my confusion.他对我的问题的回答只是使我更加困惑不解。His whole education no more than one year.他所有的学校教育加起来总共不到一年。in favour of 赞同；支持My sister was against my plan while my brother was in favour of it.我姐姐反对我的计划而我哥哥赞成我的计划。added toadded up toin ones favour 对某
23、人有利do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favourask a favour of sb.请求某人帮忙Bob made good grades in high school,and that was _ when he looked for a job.鲍勃在中学时成绩优秀，这在找工作时对他有利。Could you and pick up my son from school today?今天你能帮我个忙到学校接我的儿子吗？in hisfavourdo me a favour/do a favour for me联想发散“inn.o
24、f”短语大家族in of 赞扬in of 为向表示敬意in of 为了保卫；拥护in of 为了支持in of 为了寻找in of 面对，面临in of 为了纪念in of 负责/掌管in of 需要in of 拥有in of 假使，万一praisehonordefencesupportsearchfacememorychargeneedpossessioncase3Present your ideas to the rest of the class.(P8)向班里其余同学陈述你的想法。present vt.陈述，提出(观点、计划等)；赠送 n.礼物；现在，目前 adj.现在的，目前的(前置
25、定语)；出席的，到场的(后置定语)一词多义 写出下列句中 present 的词性及含义Mrs.Gibert presented Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin._The present situation is taking a turn for the better._vt.赠送adj.现在的，目前的The audience present shouted with joy on seeing the famous star._These notes will remind you how to present your
26、ideas._ I wish to give you a present to express my gratitude.n.礼物present sth.to sb.present sb.with sth.向某人展示某物at presentat the present time 目前for the present time 暂时；就目前来说On Teachers Day they presented their teacher with flowers.在教师节他们献花给老师。He seemed to be quite content with his life at present.他似乎对
27、目前的生活心满意足。adj.出席的，到场的vt.陈述，提出4The Chinese refer to their language as Han,as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.(P8)中国人把自己的语言称为汉语，是因为该语言早在汉朝就在人们中流行了。refer to.as.称为The girl always refers to the reference books as her good friends and helpers.这个女孩总是把她的参考书称作她的好朋友和帮手。refer to 参考；涉及
28、；指的是；适用于reference n.提及，谈到；参考；查阅in/with reference to 关于The student just now often to teach himself.刚才提到的那个学生经常查阅词典自学。,I have the pleasure to say that I am the just person you are asking for.关于广告上登的职位，我很高兴地说，我就是你们要找的那个人。联 想 发 散 表 示“把 看 作/称 为”的 短 语 还 有regard.as.;consider.as/to be.;view.as.;think of.as.
29、;recognize.as.等。referred toreferred to this dictionaryWith/In reference to your advertised position5Can you see any similarities between Websters work and attempts to simplify Chinese?(P9)你能看到韦伯斯特的工作和试图简化汉语有任何相似性吗？attempt n企图，尝试 vt.试图，企图；尝试For years researchers have attempted to show that television
30、 is dangerous to children.多年来研究人员试图证明电视对儿童有害。(1)attempt at(doing)sth.试图(做)某事attempt to do sth.尝试做某事，试图做某事(2)make an attempt to do/at doing试图做某事at ones first attempt 在某人第一次尝试时He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test.当在第一次尝试中通过驾驶测试时，他得意洋洋。Wefor camping,but were stopped by our teach
31、er.我们想去野营但被我们的老师拦住了。at his first attemptmade an attempt to leave1In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.(P9)在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是体现其发音。not 与 always 连用表示部分否定英语中一些表示“全体，完全”意义的词(如 all,every,everybody,everything,both,always 等)与否定副词 never/not连用表示部分否定。Great men are not always wise.伟
32、大的人物未必总是英明的。易混辨析部分否定全部否定两者both.not/not both“并非两者都”neither“两者都不”两者以上all not/not all“并非所有都”every not/not every“并非每一个都”the whole.not/not the whole“并非全部都”none/not.any“没有一个”nobody/no one“没有人”nothing“没有任何事物”historical buildings are attractive.并非所有的历史建筑都是有吸引力的。He made several attempts but was successful.他进
33、行了几次尝试，但却没成功。Not allnone of them2By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,making it one of the most popular school books ever.(P9)到 19 世纪 50 年代，每年出售一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的校园用书之一。现在分词短语作结果状语句中 making it one of the most popular school books ever 为现在分词短语作结果状语，是由上文的原因推出的一个必然结果。此时相当于一个由 which 引导的非限制
34、性定语从句：which made it one of the most popular school books ever。A number of new machines were introduced from abroad,resulting in an increase in production.大量新机器从国外引进，导致了产量的增加。名师点津 不定式也可作结果状语，通常也用一般式，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，但不定式作状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，为了表示强调，可在不定式前加上 only。I rushed to the station,the train had already go
35、ne.我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。only to find课时跟踪检测.单句语法填空1Its necessary to use a shortwave radio to pick the programmes.2It hasnt rained for a month,(make)the crops hard to grow.3Now we are living in the (rapid)changing world of technology.4Fireworks added the attraction of the festival night.5The listeners
36、thought highly of music,which was a(combine)of Chinese folk music and popular music.upmakingrapidlytocombination6I hurried to the station to see my friend off,only(tell)she had left.7The (announce)was made at a news conference.8John was presentedhis award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery o
37、f ten people who had saved the life of another.9The library contains a large number of foreign language _(refer)books.to be toldannouncementwithreference10As Helen got to know people better,her shyness gradually wore and she began to talk with others.11The foreign student could not get used to (eat)
38、the strange food.12The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks _ the efforts of the local government to increase it.13Its said that the (adopt)child cant adapt himself to the new environment in America.14Its obvious that the situation is your favour at present.15I would be the las
39、t to attempt (answer)the question.offeatingtoadoptedinto answer.完成句子1Mary,but I was too busy to help her.玛丽请我帮个忙，但是我太忙以至于不能帮她。2How many people the meeting yesterday?昨天到会的有多少人？asked me a favour/asked a favour of mewere present at3I have nothing to say that incident.关于那次事件，我无可奉告。4The rise in electrici
40、ty costs has our difficulties in carrying out the project.电力成本的上涨增加了我们实施这项工程的难度。5She when she was living in Mexico.她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。with/in reference toadded topicked up Spanish.一句多译1由于你的解释，我现在明白了。your explanation,its clear to me now.(thanks)your explanation,its clear to me now.(result)your explanat
41、ion,its clear to me now.(because)Thanks toAs a result ofBecause of2他们试图攀登那座小山。They that hill.(attempt v)They that hill.(attempt n)attempted to climb/at climbingmade an attempt to climb/at climbing3我们的班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。Wang Hua,our monitor,_.(present sb.with sth.)Wang Hua,our monitor,_ .(present sth.to sb.)presented her with the preparedflowerspresented the prepared flowers to her “课时跟踪检测”见“Module 1 课时跟踪检测（三）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看
