1、吉林省通化市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练题（7）及答案 阅读理解。 Last nights meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothsclild, Emerald Valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning
2、meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead. “My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned ou
3、t to be a huge disappointment.” Astronomers-scientists who study stars and planets-have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to
4、take measures to fight against it. There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds. According to the
5、International Dark-Sky Association. “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.” Countless more animals casualties(伤亡）result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientist
6、s think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase persons chances of getting cancer. Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting reg
7、ulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.【文章大意】许多人想在晚上看流星雨，结果由于光线太亮，影响了他们的观看效果。由此引发了人们对光污
8、染的思考。本文是一篇议论文，文章由一个事例引发出要讨论的话题。 36. It happened last night that .A. the citys lights affected the meteor watching B. the meteors flew past before being noticed C. the meteor watching ended up a social outing D. the city light show attracted many people【答案】A【 解析】细节理解题。第一段的最后一句话a sky so brightened by
9、the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead表明答案为A。37. What do the astronomers complain about?A .Meteor showers occur less often than before. B. Their observation equipment is in poor repair. C. Light pollution has remained unsolved for years. D. Their eyesight is fail
10、ing due to artificial lighting.【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。题干中的Astronomers出现在第三段，文中有一句话have been complaining about this problem for decades，第一段就提到了光线太亮，这句话的后面又提到了light pollution。结合选项，答案为C。38. What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4? A. Birds may take other migration paths. B. Animal living h
11、abits may change suddenly. C. Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced. D. Animals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。第四段第一句话就告诉我们除了专业及业余的观星者之外，还有些群体也收到了光污染的影响。而这些群体指的就是birds、bats等动物。D项的意思是“动物的生存受到户外灯光的影响”。故选D。39. Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put int
12、o effect to_.A. lessen the chance of getting cancer B. create an ideal observation condition C. ensure citizens a good sleep at night D. enable all creatures to live in harmony【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。题干中的信息告诉我们答案应该出现在最后一段，根据“in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory”，答案显然为B。40. What message d
13、oes the author most want to give us?A. Saving wildlife is saving ourselves B. Great efforts should be made to save energy C. Human activities should be environmentally friendly D. New equipment should be introduced for space study【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。文中作者反复强调光污染问题对人类的一些活动和动物的影响。这显然是强调环境问题。故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所
14、给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。WelcomeWelcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen, who sometimes stays here.Audio toursFree audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There
15、is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors.Guided toursVisitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments.
16、Visitors with childrenFor those visiting with children, a special family tour and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note that, for safely reasons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow.St Georg
17、es ChapelVisitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from March to October are advised to visit St Georges Chapel first before it closes. Shopping Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and childrens toys. Please ask at
18、the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service.RefreshmentsBottled water can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. Form April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain re-entry permits from the castle
19、 shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments or St Georges Chapel.Photography and mobile phonesNon-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St Georges Chapel in co
20、nsideration of other visitors.SecurityAs Windsor Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route. 1. A visitor can apply for a free audio tour _.A. in t
21、he Courtyard B. in the State ApartmentsC. at the Admission Center D. at St Georges Chapel2. What is specially offered to visitors with kids? A security guard. B. A pushchair. C. A free toy. D. A baby carrier.3. Who can get re-entry permits?A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle.B. Visitors bu
22、ying gifts in the castle shops.C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.D. Visitors eating outside St Georges Chapel.4. Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phones?A. To ensure the safety of others.B. To ensure the security of the Castle.C. To prevent them from disturbing others.D.
23、To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.5. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one _. A. still being constructedB. still used by the royal familyC. where the Queen usually worksD. where works of art are on show答案：15 CDACB阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。To hitchhike successfull
24、y in any country you must be able to do two things：attract attention and at the same time convince the driver at a glance that you do not intend to rob or murder him. To fulfill the first requirement you must have some marks to let drivers distinguish you at once from all other hikers. A serviceman，
25、for instance，should wear his uniform，a student his scarf. In a foreign country an unmistakable indication of your own nationality will also arrest a drivers attention.When I hitchhiked 9,500 miles across the United States and back recently I wore a welltailored suit，a bowler hat and a trench coat，an
26、d carried a pencilthin rolled black umbrella. My suitcase was decorated with British flags. Having plenty of luggage，moreover，I was not likely to be suspected of being a dangerous lunatic (精神病患者)I then had to get across to the driver the idea that I was a real traveler，and needed to get somewhere ch
27、eaply.But even with careful preparation，you must not assume that the task will be easy. You should be prepared to wait a little，for there are drivers who confess to a fierce prejudice against，(not to say hatred of)，hitchhikers，and would no more pick up a hiker than march from Aldermaston to London.
28、In America，my average wait was half an hour，and my longest two hours，but I have heard of people waiting all daythey probably took less pains to make themselves easy to notice.Nor must you assume that all the drivers who stop for you are nice，normal people. On one occasion I found myself was with two
29、 boys of about nineteen who turned out to be on the run from the police，and were hoping to use me as an alibi(不在犯罪现场的证人)There are also lesser(较小的)risks：you may find yourself in the car of a Fascist fanatic，a Mormon missionary(传教士)，or just a bad driver. You cannot tell，of course until you are in the
30、car. But you soon learn the art of the quick excuse that gets you out again.If the hitchhiker in the US. remembers that he is seeking the willingness of drivers to give him a free ride，and is prepared to give in exchange entertainment and company，and not go to sleep，he will come across the remarkabl
31、e，almost legendary，hospitality of American of the West. It will also help if he can driveI drove myself about 4,500 of those 9,500 miles I hitchhiked in the States.1A hitchhiking serviceman should wear his uniform _.Aso as not to look too unusualBto attract attentionCto show he is on dutyDto put the
32、 driver at ease2In Paragraph 3，we learn that the writer _.Ahas sometimes failed to hitch a rideBhas marched from Aldermaston to LondonChas always been successful in hitching a rideDhas had to wait for long hours for a ride3In the last paragraph，the writer wants to tell us that a hitchhiker should _.
33、Anot talk to the driver too muchBfall asleep to make it a peaceful rideCtry to make himself pleasant and entertainingDseek the willingness of drivers4A suitable title for the passage would be _.A“The Art of Hitchhiking”B“An Englishmans View of the US.”C“An English Hitchhiker”D“The Joys and Dangers o
34、f Hitchhiking”答案：14 BCCA阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Until the twentieth century cigarettes were not an important threat to public health. Men used tobacco mainly in the form of cigars. They chewed tobacco, piped tobacco, and snuffed. Most women did not use tobacco at all.The cigarette in
35、dustry began in 1870s with the development of the cigarette manufacturing machine. This made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly, and it reduced the price.Today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit. About forty-three percent of the adult men and thirty-one percent of t
36、he adult women in the United States smoke cigarettes regularly. It is encouraging to note, however, that millions of people have quit smoking. Seventy-five percent of the male population and forty-six percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes for some time during their lives, but twent
37、y-six percent of these men and eleven percent of the women have stopped smoking. The number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing.Men as a group smoke more than women. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 24-44.Income, education,
38、 and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habit. City people smoke more than people living on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, if a well-educated man with
39、 a higher income smokes, hes likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.The situation is somewhat different for women. There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educate
40、d women tend to smoke more heavily.Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenager smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and also fewer from families living in farm areas. High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who dont pl
41、an to continue their education after high school. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.【文章大意】本问讲述了烟草行业的有关信息，讲述了世界烟草行业的发展历史，以及男性和女性在吸烟方面的具体情况，影响吸烟的因素等等。41. The underlined word “picture” in the last paragraph probably means . A. situation B. photo C. painting
42、 D. teenager【答案】A【 解析】词义猜测题。根据There are fewer teenager smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and also fewer from families living in farm areas.可知这里指的是不同的情况，故选A。42. Which group of people smoked more according to the passage? A. The group of women. B. The group of teenagers.C. The group o
43、f men. D. The group of old people.【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。Men as a group smoke more than women.男士吸烟的较多，故选C。43. Which of the following factors will be likely to decide whether a person smokes or not?A. income and sex. B. education and occupation C. sex and age. D. all the above.【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据Seventy-five
44、 percent of the male population and forty-six percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes for some time during their lives, but twenty-six percent of these men and eleven percent of the women have stopped smoking. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smok
45、ers is the age group 24-44Income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habit.可知吸烟和收入、受教育的程度、性别和年龄都有关系，故选D。44. According to the passage, if a teenager doesnt plan to go to college, and if his parents both smoke, he will . A. probably not smoke in the future. B. p
46、robably start to smoke in the future.C. persuade his parents to give up smoking. D. hate his parents as well as other smokers.【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who dont plan to continue their education after high school. Children
47、 are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.那些不想上大学的年轻人如果父母都吸烟的话，这些年轻人有可能将来也吸烟，故选B。45. Which of the following isnt true?A. It wasnt until the twentieth century that cigarettes became an important threat to public.B. More and more people are giving up smoking.C. A poorly-e
48、ducated woman with lower income is more likely to smoke than a well-educated woman with high income.D. There are the most smokers in the age group of 24-44.【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。根据There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.高收入和受高等教育的女士有可能比低收入和没有收到良好教育的人吸烟更多，选项C不符合原文，故选C。
