1、南京师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGuide to Film FestivalsCannes Film FestivalCannes, France in MayTop prize: Palme dOrHistory: The first Cannes Film Festival was scheduled to take place in September 1939，but the outb
2、reak of World War II forced its cancellation. It didnt open for the first time until after the war. The Palme dOr prize was introduced in 1955. The festival became established during the 1960s and is now known as the worlds most important film festival.Did you know? About 20 feature films compete ea
3、ch year for the Palme dOr. Previous winners include Michael Moore and Quentin Tarantino. Unlike the Oscars，the top prize is frequently shared between two films. Famous films that have won the Palme dOr include Apocalypse Now，Taxi Driver：La Dolce Vita and The Third Man. The festival attracts more tha
4、n 40,000 people every year.Venice Film FestivalVenice, Italy in August/SeptemberTop prize: Golden LionHistory: The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival. The film festival started in 1932 and it attracted over 25,000 people. The festival did not appear again until 1934, when there was a c
5、ompetition between 19 countries. The festival was held three times during World War II and has been held almost every year since then.Did you know? Films at the 61st Venice Film Festival in 2004 were nominated for 16 awards at the Oscarsthe highest ever for the festival. These films included Vera Dr
6、ake, Shark Tale, Collateral and Finding Never land.The London Film FestivalLondon, UK in October/NovemberTop prize: Non-competitiveHistory: The London Film Festival started in 1956 when a group of film critics led by the famous Dilys Powell, the film critic for The Sunday Times, got together over di
7、nner. They discussed the festivals at Cannes and Venice, and they agreed that London needed one, too. They wanted to give people the opportunity to see films from around the world that were not being shown in the cinemas. The first festival showed 20 films at the National Film Theatre on the South B
8、ank.Did you know? The festival is one of Europes largest public film events, screening about 280 films from60 countries. Although it is non-competitive, the British Film Institute awards the Sutherland Trophy to the most original and imaginative feature film screened at the festival.1. We can know f
9、rom the passage that _.A. The Third Man won the Golden LionB. the Cannes Film Festival started in 1939C. the Palme dOr can be awarded to two filmsD. the Palme dOr prize was introduced during World War II2. The Venice Film Festival _.A. didnt attract many people at firstB. has been held every year si
10、nce 1934C. is regarded as the most important film festivalD. has been running longer than any other film festival3. What was the purpose of the London Film Festival at the beginning?A. To bring film critics together.B. To compete with other film festivals.C. To choose the most original feature films
11、.D. To see films not shown in the cinemas.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. DBBeauty has always been regarded as something that deserves praise. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and nave more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for findi
12、ng jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive（主管）circle beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than
13、 plainer men；effort and ability were thought to account for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones；their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more hon
14、esty and to be more capable（能力强的）than the attractive female executives. Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight success was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight success. An attractive woman is considered to be more fe
15、minine（女性化的）and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive ones. Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualities required.This is true even in politics（政治）, “When the on
16、ly clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of att
17、ractiveness. Then the students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them. The results showed that attractive males defeated unattractive men. but the women who had been ranked most attractive received
18、the fewest votes.4. The underline word “liability” in paragraph 1 most probably meansA. troubleB. advantageC. misfortuneD. opportunity5. In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness _A. is beneficialB. is decisiveC. ensures successD. reflects honesty6. The sentence “why are attractive women not thoug
19、ht to be able?” should be put in _.A. B. C. D. 7. The author writes this passage to _.A. demand equal rights in politics for femalesB. give advice on how to achieve success for menC. stress the importance of appearance for job-seekersD. discuss the disadvantages of attractiveness for women【答案】4. A 5
20、. A 6. C 7. DCIts been a long, wet winter. Everybody has got colds，and now we are braced for a coronavirus (冠状病毒) pandemic. Improving our immune system has never felt more important，but beyond eating more oranges and hoping for the best. what else can we do?“When you come into contact with a virus y
21、ouve never met before,” says Sheena Cruickshank, a professor of immunology at the University of Manchester, “youve got various barriers (屏障) such as skin and microbiome to try to stop it getting into your body.” If a virus breaks these defenses. it has to deal with our white blood cells，or immune ce
22、lls.However, our immune systems may have blind spots. “This might mean that our immune response doesnt recognize certain bugs (轻微传染病),” says Cruickshank, “Personally, my immune system is not necessarily very good at seeing colds.” But a healthy lifestyle will ensure your defenses are as good as they
23、 can get.Cruickshank recommends “eating a more varied diet with lots of high-fiber foods”. Being vegetarian isnt a necessity for microbiome health, but the more plant foods you eat, the better.To be immunologically fit, you need to be physically fit. “White blood cells can be quite inactive.” Says P
24、rof Arne Akbar, the president of the British Society for Immunology, “Exercise activates them by increasing your blood flow，so they can do their surveillance (监督) jobs and seek and destroy in other parts of the body.” The National Health Service says adults should be physically active in some way ev
25、ery day, and do at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity (hiking, gardening, cycling) or 75 minutes of vigorous activity (running, swimming fast, and aerobics class).One of the many happy side-effects of exercise is that it reduces stress, which is next on our list of immune-improvin
26、g priorities (首要事项). Stress hormones can weaken immune function, a common example of which, says Akbar, is when chickenpox (水痘) strikes twice. If you have had it, the virus never completely goes away. “During periods of stress,” he says, “it can reactivate again and we get ill”.Exercising and eating
27、 well will have the likely knock-on effect of helping you sleep better, which is an extra benefit because a tired body is more likely to get a bug. One study last year found that lack of sleep damaged the disease-fighting ability of a type of lymphocyte called T cells, and research is showing the im
28、portance of our natural biorhythms (生物节律) overall. “Your natural biorhythms are, to some extent, controlled by sleep,” says Akbar. “If youve got a regular sleep pattern, you have natural body rhythms and everythings fine. If they go out of order, then youve got problems.”8. When the barriers fail to
29、 prevent a virus entering your body, _ will come up next.A. skinB. bloodC. microbiomesD. immune cells9. What does Cruickshank mean by saying “my immune system is not necessarily very good at seeing colds”?A. She does not lead a healthy lifeB. Catching a cold is not a terrible thingC. The immune syst
30、em cannot always be trustedD. Blind spots will not change the immune response10. This passage mainly introduces _ health benefits of exercise.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 511. What can be the best title for the passage?A. How to exercise and eat wellB. How to enjoy a healthy lifestyleC. How to improve the immune
31、systemD. How to get various barriers against coronavirus【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. CDMy fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed travelers cheques（支票）, and is asleep at the moment. His blue duffel bag lies on the floor where he drop
32、ped it. Obviously，he postponed as much sleep as he could: when he walked in and we hugged his electrical system suddenly turned off, and he headed directly for the bed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books
33、on him, and a tape of useful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other things. At the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying that suitcases were more for old people.During the trip he called home three times: fr
34、om London, Paris, and a village named Ullapool. Near Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off. In the village, a man spoke to him in Gaelic（盖尔语）, and, too polite to stop him, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes, trying to nod in the right places. The Fren
35、ch he learned from the tape didnt hold water in Paris. The French he talked to shrugged and walked on.When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and hung on every word. His voice came through clearly, though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communication. When I broke in with a “Gre
36、at!” or a “Really?”, I knocked a little hole in his communication. So I just sat and listened. I have never listened to telephone so attentively and with so much pleasure. It was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to me. In my book，he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew th
37、at I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.The unused cheques are certainly proof of that. Youth travels light. No suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely. I sit here amazed. The night
38、when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country youve never seen is a night you would gladly turn into a week.12. During the trip, the authors son _.A. ran out of moneyB. didnt get enough sleepC. forgot to call his motherD. failed to take his suitcase13. According to the passage, the a
39、uthors son can BEST be described as _.A. adventurousB. independentC. creativeD. polite14. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?A. It is important to listen to your childs story.B. Its easy to break in on the chat with your child.C. The author is proud of her son landin
40、g on the moon.D. The son no longer needs much help from his mother.15. We can infer from the passage that _.A. good parents should protect their children from potential dangersB. the world is a book and those who do not travel read only one pageC. its a win-win choice to give a child space to experi
41、ence and exploreD. communication between parents and children is extremely important【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. C第二节：七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin（毁掉）your fr
42、iendship. _16_Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible._17_Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests，but thats not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahea
43、d of time. Have each person categorize(分类)activities or sights into “must-see” “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travellingfrom getting
44、 the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplanes window seat. But sometimes things dont go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions. _18_Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.Dont disappear. When travelling wi
45、th a group-or even just one other person-you may want some alone time. Thats completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. _19_.Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the ev
46、ent of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. _20_After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!A. Anyway, give each other some space.B. Include at least one activity for everyone.C. And remember that consideration and respect go
47、a long way.D. At the same time，listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.E. Dont respond to less important work contact or send messages frequently.F. Its especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.G. So its important to make sure you and your friend（s）are on th
48、e same page.【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. F 20. E第三部分 语言运用（共5节；满分70分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When we choose a word we do more than give information; we also express our feelings about whatever were describing. Words point to _21_ but often connect th
49、ese to attitudes at the same time; they can also _22_ the beliefs and attitudes of other people. How would the different descriptions affect the listeners? The fact that words can _23_ like this is important and valuable, for it adds a(n) _24_ to our communication with one another. Advertisers make
50、use of it in a number of ways.The producer needs a name that will do _25_ than just label(贴标签): he wants a name that brings suitable _26_ as well-the ideas that the word brings to the mind will help _27_ the product. If all were sold at the same price, which coat or suit would you choose from this r
51、ange of shadesDark Tan Brown, Mud Brown.Just because of this, the advertiser is very _28_ a bout the way he describes his product and what effect it will bring _29_. Almost every advertisement has certain key words (sometimes, but not _30_, in bold or large letters, or beginning with a capital lette
52、r)that are intended to be persuasive(具有说服力的), _31_ at the same time appearing to be informative. Its difficult enough _32_ to describe what a thing is and how it works in words, especially in a few words, but the writers who write for the advertisements also try to _33_ feelings, associations(关联)and
53、 attitudes. Some words seem to have been so _34_ in selling that the advertisers use them almost as if they were a magic key to a certain sale. How _35_, for instance, have you come across the word “golden” in advertisements?One thing reminds us of another especially if we often see them together. A
54、s a matter of fact, these _36_, also called “associations” are sometimes more imaginary than real: for many people a robin(知更鸟)suggests Christmas, for others silver candlesticks suggest wealth. The tricks of the advertising business are all examples of the advertiser encouraging us to associate prod
55、ucts with those things he thinks we really _37_ a good job, a sport car, a beautiful girlfriend-perhaps most of all a feeling of _38_. The advertiser often creates a “good image(形象)” of the product by showing us someone who uses his product and who leads the kind of life we should like to lead. We b
56、uy not just the product but the sense of importance that goes _39_ it. We drink Coca-Cola not just for the taste, but because wed like to be thought of as being as cheerful as the _40_ people who drink it in the ads.21. A. factsB. examplesC. opinionsD. beliefs22. A. explainB. affectC. reflectD. shar
57、e23. A. actB. workC. matterD. sound24. A. emotionB. richnessC. advantageD. difference25. A. moreB. lessC. betterD. worse26. A. imaginationB. attachmentC. fondnessD. connection27. A. produceB. sellC. developD. design28. A. curiousB. anxiousC. carefulD. worried29. A. inB. outC. upD. about30. A. usuall
58、yB. hardlyC. alwaysD. seldom31. A. whileB. thoughC. ifD. until32. A. overlyB. partlyC. simplyD. really33. A. chooseB. changeC. explainD. include34. A. meaningfulB. informativeC. successfulD. active35. A. oftenB. longC. manyD. much36. A. tricksB. attitudesC. wordsD. reminders37. A. orderB. wantC. mis
59、sD. need38. A. responsibilityB. C. honorD. importance39. A. aroundB. forC. withD. after40. A. energeticB. professionalC. skillfulD. dependable【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
60、1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a report released by the United Nations, there were 815 million undernourished（营养不良的）people in the world in 2016. Yet, 1.3 billion tons of food _41_（waste）every year around the world， which is about one-third of all food produced each year, according to the UNs Food a
61、nd Agriculture Organization._42_（get）a better understanding of different countries food waste problems, the Economist Intelligence Unit recently surveyed 34 nations according to their food system sustainability（可持续性）. According to the report，France topped the list of food sustainability，followed by
62、Japan and Germany.The_43_（perform）of these countries is largely related to their policies to deal with food waste. For example，France was the first country to pass laws to ban（禁止）food waste. In France, its illegal for supermarkets to throw away_44_（sell）food, and French restaurants must provide dogg
63、y bags for peoples leftovers.Germany is trying to deal with the problem by reforming expiration dates（到期日）. “We found in our study that many people believed they should throw away products_45_the best before date has expired,” Martin Kranert, chair of Stuttgart Universitys waste management departmen
64、t, told Deutsche Welle. “This is not at all case, and such a lack of knowledge is the first thing _46_has to change.”Some countries are still falling behind when it comes to _47_（prevent）food waste, however. For example, the United Arab Emirates wastes the most food, with each of its citizens throwi
65、ng away about 1,000 kilograms every year _48_average.China has been working hard to reduce food waste. In early 2013, the countrys Clean Your Plate Campaign started, _49_（encourage）people not to waste anything on their plate.“If people are more aware of the amount of food waste they produce and ever
66、yone plays a role in reducing their personal food waste, we can do _50_（well）as a community,” Joyce Chan from the Foodlink Foundation, a Hong Kong charity dedicated to reducing food waste, told China Daily.【答案】41. is wasted 42. To get 43. performance 44. unsold 45. if/once 46. that 47. preventing 48
67、. on 49. encouraging 50. better. 根据句子内容和首字母提示写出所缺单词，使句子意思完整、语法正确，每空一词。（共18小题；每小题1分，满分18分）51. It makes sense to eat a reasonably balanced diet when you are anxious for a much s_ figure.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】slimmer52. During the power cuts, the hospital is still f_ normally and all the patients are being ta
68、ken good care of. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】functioning53. The book is a detailed and thorough piece of work which covers all a_ of the subject （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】aspects54. Food producers make tiny cupcakes out of rice with the a_ of sugar, milk, and nuts. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】additions55. It is strongly r_ that streng
69、th training should be done under the guidance of your fitness trainer. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】recommended56. D_ the fact that John is not good at communicating with others, he still dreams of becoming a salesman. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】Despite57. To attract young people, our aerobics class has been r_ with several
70、fun options, including modern dance. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】replaced58. Tom Holland, a British actor, s_ as Spider Man in Marvel movies. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】stars/starred59. As a Senior high school student, I find it difficult to fit exercise into my busy s_.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】schedule60. An English-language opera a
71、daptation of the c_ Chinese novel Journey to the West is on its way to China（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】classic61. Shes not usually l_ in confidence, but at the job interview she felt so nervous（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】lacking62. Healthy eating and physical exercise are effective ways of m _ good health. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】ma
72、intaining63. With the development of technology, things which only e_ in science fiction have been brought into our daily life. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】exist64. Asked if he would go back, Mr. Searle said after some h_ “Ill have to think about that.” （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】hesitations65. It is another long and tiring
73、 working day that s_ to 10 at night. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】stretches66. She froze with fear when she sensed there was a man immediately behind her. M_ he was watching her strangely.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】Moreover67. The sight of those homeless people begging on the street made my heart a_.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】ache68. Fo
74、r many Western artists, China and its rich culture have long been an i_ for their creativity. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】inspiration. 根据句子内容和括号内提示写出所缺词组，使句子意思完整、语法正确，每空一词。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）69. Look at John! That was a nice shot.Hes just _ _(显摆), because his girlfriend is here.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). showing (2).
75、 off70. With its graceful movements and positive effects on heath, yoga _ _（吸引）a lot of people. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). appeals (2). to71. In spite of all these difficulties and frustration, the team _ _（坚持）the experiment for five years. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). stuck (2). to72. Most of employers are pla
76、nning to cut down on wages instead of laying off employees _ _（为了应对）the economic depression. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). in (2). response (3). to73. She is quick to criticize anyone who doesnt _ _ _（达到）her high standards.（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). live (2). up (3). to74. Pollution has a negative effect on the
77、health of everyone, _ _ _（更不用说）the damage to the environment. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). not (2). to (3). mention75. David was _ _ _（受够了）his job in London so he asked for a transfer to the Paris office. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). fed (2). up (3). with76. Rising digital music sales，mostly through Apples iTunes
78、 store have not _ _ _（弥补）the huge loss of the album. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). made (2). up (3). for77. It is generally believed that many psychological problems _ _ _（起源于）childhood experiences. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). are (2). derived (3). from78. The newspaper industry is in trouble after _ _ _ _（打一场无望取
79、胜的仗）with the ever faster and more efficient internet for readership. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】 (1). fighting (2). a (3). losing (4). battleIV. 根据括号内的提示完成以下句子翻译。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）79. 过去十年以来，教育已经受到重视。（attach）（汉译英）【答案】For the past decade, importance has been attached to education.80. 大多数节食的人几个月之后体重又增加了。（end up）
80、（汉译英）【答案】Most slimmers end up putting weight back on after a few months.81. 他承认对这个决定感到后悔。（admit）（汉译英）【答案】He admitted that he was regretful for this decision.82. 根据尺寸价格从99美元到199美元不等。（range）（汉译英）【答案】The price ranges from $ 99 to $ 199 according to the size.83. 每个人都应该承担起减少污染及保护环境的责任。（assume）（汉译英）【答案】Everyone should assume the responsibility to reduce pollution and protect the environment
