1、江苏海门市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编（一）及参考答案阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：人物介绍时间：6分钟Peter Byford was born in a stone house in Honley，and when he was tiny his dad，a former miner，got a job in the textile trade and the Byfords moved to Skelmanthorpe.Life was tough but fun，and young Peter spent his da
2、ys in the rolling countryside，rafting on the river，making tree camps or playing on his own with his model railway and soldiers.His world was rocked by tragedy when his mother died，which destroyed young Peter，a shy child who suddenly had to grow up fast.Though grieving，he went up the road to live wit
3、h his aunt and uncle，and returned home much too young to face the next challenge，that of looking after his dad，who had lost an arm in an accident in a factory.By then he had taken the nickname as Biff.The younger Biff struggled at school because of his shyness，but loved the music lessons and became
4、friends with a classmate whose brother had a guitar.At the same time a young man who had a banjo(班卓琴)moved into the house opposite where he lived and he taught young Biff how to play it.The seeds had been sown and music began to influence his life.But even so，his working career began，in typical fash
5、ion for 1960s West Yorkshire.After a short time as an apprentice(学徒)carpenter，he went to work in the local weaving factory.And this was where Biff Byford，soon to become a legend in the world of rock，first learned to sing.The machines would run all day，clicketyclack，clicketyclack.The noise was incred
6、ible，and the workers would spend their time trying to lip read each other.It was just so noisy in there.It was really heavy metal.The only thing to do was sing to yourself.So sing to himself he did，the melodies(旋律)locking in place in his head，not to be forgotten.His dream first exploded into a rocki
7、ng reality.【语篇导读】Peter Byfords的演唱生涯起源于他周围的人和他的工作环境的影响。1When Peter Byford was born _.Ahis family moved to SkelmanthorpeBhis father worked in the textile tradeChis father probably took a job in HonleyDhis family lived a very poor life解析推理判断题。依据文章第一段可知，Peter Byford出生在Honley，他是个孩子时，因为父亲的工作一家人迁移到Skelmant
8、horpe，因此很可能父亲以前就在Honley拥有一份工作。故选C项。答案C2Peter Byford had to leave his aunt and uncle _.Abecause his mother passed awayBbecause of his fathers poor healthCbecause he wanted not to stay with his fatherDbecause of his fully being grownup解析细节理解题。依据文章第二段的who had lost an arm in an accident in a factory可知，
9、父亲的身体状况不好，需要Peter Byford的照顾。故选B项。答案B3What does the third paragraph imply?APeter got influenced a lot by his classmate and the young man.Bthe classmate taught Peter how to play the guitar.CPeter shared a house with the young man.DThe young Biff had an eye for good friends.解析细节理解题。文章第三段谈到了Peter遇到的两个音乐
10、爱好者，文中的The seeds had been sown and music began to influence his life.说明，Peter的音乐之路受他们的影响。故选A项。答案A4While working in the local weaving factory _.APeter started as an apprentice carpenterBPeter treated his life in a positive wayCPeter was very tired of the noisy workplaceDPeter learned how to lip read
11、by himself解析推理判断题。依据文章第四段可知，虽然纺织厂车间内声音嘈杂，但是Peter在嘈杂中开始唱歌，他的歌唱生涯也是在那个时候开始的。故选B项。答案B5What would happen to Peter later?AHe would remain working in the factory forever.BHe would put forward suggestions to the boss.CHe would tell the workers to keep silent.DHe would find ways to realize his dream.解析推理判断题
12、。依据文章尾段的His dream first exploded into a rocking reality.可知，他会把自己的梦想变成现实。故选D项。答案D。黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类Scientists from China, Sweden and the United Stated have developed a high-producing rice that can reduce methane emission(甲烷排放), a major greenhouse gas blamed for global warming, from rice fiel
13、ds, according to a paper published on the latest issue of Nature. By inserting a barley(大麦) gene into rice, Sun Chuanxin and his colleagues created SUSIBA2 Rice, which stores more starch(淀粉) in the section of the rice above ground, according to a paper published on the latest issue of Nature.This me
14、ans the grains will have more starch while the root will exude less nutrients that will later be turned into methane by microbes(微生物) in the soil, Sun, who works with Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, told Xinhua. It solves two major problems mankind faces at one time: environmental degra
15、dation and the need for increased grain output, Wang Feng, another scientist, said, adding that the rice can cut methane discharge by more than 90 percent during summer and more than half during autumn, as the rice displays a greater emission reduction effect in high temperatures. Meanwhile, small-s
16、cale trials have also suggested an increased output: a single plant of the new breed has 300 more grains with a starch content 10 percent higher. Wang said the team is working on applications for the rice in different areas, seasons and using different farming techniques. Its still far away from mas
17、s application, but at least we see the light of hope. Human-induced methane, though less abundant than carbon dioxide in the air, is responsible for 20 percent of the global warming effect. Rice paddies are the largest single source of methane linked to human activity. According to the Ministry of A
18、griculture, China produces 209 million tons of rice in 2014, or 28 percent of the worlds total of 734 million.【小题1】SUSIBA2 Rice will be a major breakthrough because _. Ait tastes with a barley flavorBit well balances environmental protection and grains increaseCit contains more starch than the ordin
19、ary riceDit gives off less methane in summer than in winter【小题2】What can we learn from the text? AScientists will soon grow the new rice in large areasBHuman-related methane contributes most to global warmingCChina may contribute greatly to global warming reductionDRice fields will be reduced all ov
20、er the world【小题3】The purpose of this writing is to _. Aask people to cut down on their dependence on rice consumptionBdraw peoples attention to the serious consequences of global warmingCintroduce a new kind of genetically-modified rice and its possible benefitsDindicate human-related methane alone
21、is to blame for global warming effects 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省深圳市高三上期末考试】 Dear Kind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College,Here I am! I traveled yesterday for four hours in a train. Its a funny feeling, isnt it? I never rode in one before.College is the biggest, most puzzling plac
22、e I get lost whenever I leave my room. I will write you a description later when Im feeling less confused; also I will tell you about my lessons. Classes dont begin until Monday morning, and this is Saturday night. But I wanted to write a letter first just to get acquainted.It seems strange to be wr
23、iting letters to somebody you dont know. It seems strange for me to be writing letters at all Ive never written more than three or four in my life, so please overlook it if these are not a model kind. Before leaving yesterday morning, Mrs. Lippett and I had a very serious talk. She told me how to be
24、have all the rest of my life, and especially how to behave towards the kind gentleman who is doing so much for me. I must take care to be very respectful.But how can one be very respectful to a person who wishes to be called John Smith? Why couldnt you have picked out a name with a little personalit
25、y? I might as well write letters to Dear Flagpole or Dear Clothes-line.I have been thinking about you a great deal this summer; having somebody take an interest in me after all these years makes me feel as though I had found a sort of family. It seems as though I belonged to somebody now, and its a
26、very comfortable feeling. I must say, however, that when I think about you, my imagination has very little to work upon. There are just three things that I know: I, You are tall. . You are rich. . You hate girls.I suppose I might call you Dear Mr. Girl-Hater. Only thats rather rude to me. Or Dear Mr
27、. Rich-Man, but thats rude to you, as though money were the only important thing about you. Besides, being rich is such a very external quality. Maybe you wont stay rich all your life; lots of very clever men get broke in Wall Street. But at least you will stay tall all your life! So Ive decided to
28、call you Dear Daddy-Long-Legs. I hope you wont mind. Its just a private pet name we wont tell Mrs. Lippett.The ten oclock bell is going to ring in two minutes. Our day is divided into sections by bells. We eat and sleep and study by bells. Its very lifeful. There it goes! Lights out. Good night.Obse
29、rve how precisely I obey rules due to my training in the John Grier Home.Yours most respectfully,Jerusha AbbottTo Mr. Daddy-Long-Legs Smith本文是一个受赞助上大学的女孩子给自己的赞助者写的一封信。告诉对方自己刚到学校，但对学校还不熟悉。写信人的主旨是想表达自己对赞助人的感谢，但由于根本不知道对方到底是个什么样的人，在信里作者做了几个猜测，最后决定称呼对方Daddy-Long-Legs Smith，以此拉近彼此的距离。并表达了自己对现在有规律的生活感觉很好。3
30、6. Jerusha felt “confused” because _.A. she had never written to the trustee beforeB. she was not familiar with the college yetC. she could never find the way to her homeD. she had never traveled on a train before【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。作者在第二段第二句说到等她less confused的时候，就会写一个详细的description，结合上一句的主题，这里的descriptio
31、n是指对大学的描述。问中还提到作者一出门就迷路，可见，是因为初到学校，对学校不熟悉，使作者感到confused，因此本题选B。37. Jerusha thought that she couldnt be very respectful to “John Smith” because _.A. he was a total stranger to her B. she was sure it was a false identityC. the name was too common D. nobody would like to be called that time【答案】B【解析】细节理
32、解题。第五段第二句中的pick out 表明Jerushar认为John Smith这个名字是收信人自己随便挑的，也就是说，她认为这个名字是假的，因此本题应选B。第五段中，关键词是pick out。38. According to Jerusha, being rich may be _.A. tentativeB. unimaginableC. traditional D. rude【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。A.实验性的，暂停的，踌躇的；B.不可思议的，难以想象的；C.传统的，惯例的；D.粗鲁的，狂暴的。Jerusha讲了即使在华尔街的很多聪明人都会遇到破产（get broke）,所以在
33、她看来，富有不一定会是一辈子的事情，可能会遇到变故而变得不富有，因此本题选A。其它三个选项都不是Jerusha的想法。39. The fact that her day is “divided into sections by bells” makes Jerusha feel _.A. busyB. restricted by rulesC. pressed for timeD. full of energy【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。倒数第二段中的“Its very lifeful.”表明Jerusha认为听着铃声来安排生活使她觉得“充满活力”，由此可见，本题选D。40. Jerusha
34、 decided to call the trustee Dear Daddy-Long-legs _. A. in order to show her respect for himB. because it was one of his inner qualityC. in order to make them feel closer to each other D. because she had always wanted a father【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。倒数第三段中的“Its just a private pet name”表明Jerusha认为Dear Daddy-L
35、ong-legs这个名字表示一种“爱”，“爱称”只有关系亲密的人之间使用，由此可见，Jerusha使用这个称呼是为了拉近距离，因此，本题选C。黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类If you had a strange sound in your ear, what would you do? One man in Wales who thought he had a fly in his ear called 999, the emergency services number in Britain. And so did a woman who was worried ab
36、out her green potatoes. Could she make chips with them? Were they poisonous? She didnt hesitate about calling the local ambulance service to ask. According to a recent report, more than 31,000 non-urgent calls were made to the Welsh Ambulance Service in the last year. Inappropriate calls are a heada
37、che for health professionals everywhere. In the US, prank calls to 911 happen on a daily basis. Many callers use apps which hide their identity. But those who try to be funny shouldnt be surprised if the police have the last laugh. One man from Colorado was arrested for making more than 1,200 prank
38、calls, according to a report on the US television station KOAATV. People who take these calls are trained to stay calm and keep a straight face, no matter how strange the call sounds. “Theres no way for us to know whether the call is real, accidental or a prank call,” said a public safety worker int
39、erviewed by the American TV channel. The Head of Clinical Services at the Welsh Ambulance Service, Richard Lee, has a warning for prank callers. He says:“ When people misuse the service it means our precious time is being taken away from someone who really does need our help.” Indeed, these hotlines
40、 are supposed to help the seriously ill or those with a life-threatening injury. You never know, one day, the person who needs assistance could be you or someone in your family.【小题1】How does the author introduce the topic of the text? ABy giving examples.BBy telling a story.CBy listing figures.DBy m
41、aking a comparison.【小题2】According to the text, prank calls are usually_. Ameant to be helpfulBdealt with in timeCthought highly ofDmade to play tricks【小题3】What does the underlined phrase “have the last laugh” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? Awin at last.Bnever find them.Claugh at them.Dknow nothing.【小
42、题4】What does the author intend to suggest in the text? APrank calls are usually easy to identify.BOperators feel annoyed by strange callers.CPrank calls may cause serious results.DPrank callers should be punished by law. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省深圳市高三上期末考试】 A little girl in my fam
43、ily got a typewriter for Christmas. Not a laptop. Nothing with a screen. The old-fashioned manual kind.Typewriters had pretty much gone the way of dodo birds quite some years before my granddaughter was born. But it was the typewriter used by a journalist in the movie “Kit Kittredge: An American Gir
44、l” that attracted her.Or maybe it was the way the typewriter was used. In the movie, Kit does old-fashioned journalism and writes stories that help right a wrong. In a challenging environment she keeps her wits and a strong sense of ethics (道德) about her.However, another reporter, Chuck Tatum in “Ac
45、e in the Hole” is totally different. He tells an editor, “If theres no news, Ill go out and bite a dog.” Later, referring to a sign in the newsroom that reads “Tell the Truth,” Tatum acknowledges some guilt. But, “Not enough to stop me on my way to the top.”In both movies, the journalists use typewr
46、iters. Its what they do with them that makes the difference. And today, its what we do with our hardware the journalism we produce that makes the difference.Typewriters have long since given way to laptops, camera phones and video phones. But here at Thomson Reuters (路透社), and in the media as a whol
47、e, the need for a strong sense of ethics has never been more necessary.To me, at the heart of ethics are the preservation (保持) of honesty, independence and freedom from prejudice. It means ethics and standards are compatible with innovation (革新). In fact, they have to go hand in hand. Theres a lot o
48、f room for innovation here, but theres no room for a Chuck Tatum, who would do anything to get to the top.In about 2020, my granddaughter will probably be using technology that hasnt been developed yet to work on her school “newspaper”. She wont be using her typewriter but she will, I hope, be using
49、 what shes learned from the journalists of this generation. Its up to us to set the right example.41. What does Chuck Tatum mean by saying “bite a dog”?A. He tries all sorts of tricks to achieve his goal.B. He acknowledges his guilt of telling lies.C. He attracts peoples attention in the street.D. H
50、e becomes mad because theres no news.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“Not enough to stop me on my way to the top.”可知Chuck Tatum会尝试各种手段去达到自己的目标。42. According to the author, really good journalists are those who _.A. are crazy about the work like Chuck TatumB. can take whatever means to attract the publicC. are hones
51、t, independent and free from prejudiceD. were living in the time when typewriters were used.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。前面通过比较Kit Kittredge和Chuck Tatum，可以看出一个真正的记者需要有强烈的道德观，结合倒数第二段“at the heart of ethics are the preservation (保持) of honesty, independence and freedom from prejudice.”可知真正的好记者是诚实，独立并且没有偏见的。故选C。43.
52、The passage may imply that _. A. Dodo birds are still living on the earth. B. Thomson Reuters will not employ a journalist like Chuck Tatum C. Typewriters are more popular to the journalists than laptops D. what matters is that journalists should use their new-fashioned hardware 【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“But
53、 here at Thomson Reuters (路透社), and in the media as a whole, the need for a strong sense of ethics has never been more necessary.”以及前面对Chuck Tatum不择手段获取目标的描述，可知路透社不会雇佣像Chuck Tatum一样的记者。故本题选B。44. The purpose of the passage is _.A. to advocate the sense of ethics in journalismB. to criticize the lack
54、of ethics among journalistsC. to ask adults to set a good example for the youngD. to encourage more people to work on newspapers【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“It means ethics and standards are compatible with innovation (革新).”和“I hope, be using what shes learned from the journalists of this generation.”可知本文的目的是提倡新闻界的道德观。故选A。45. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. People in general.B. Fans of American films.C. Children like his granddaughter.D. The journalists of this generation.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。本文通过打字机引出两位不同新闻工作者的对比，说明道德观的重要性。所以它的目标读者应该是这一代的新闻工作者。
