1、2022届天津市南开中学高三上学期 第一次统练英语试题本试卷分第卷（选择题）、第卷（非选择题），共150分，考试用时120分钟。第卷1至12页，第卷 第13页至14页。考生务必将客观题答案涂写在答题卡上，将主观题答在答题纸上。在试卷上答题无效。第卷(共115分)第一部分：听力（20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟 的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the woman probably do on Sat
2、urday evening?A. Go skating. B. Call her sister. C. Give a lecture.2. How long does it take the slow train to get to New York?A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. Four hours.3. What does the man suggest to the woman?A. Having a meeting. B. Calling on him. C. Buying a house.4. Where does the conversation
3、 most probably take place?A. In an office. B. In a museum. C. In a clothing store.5. What did Alice ask the man to do?A. Borrow some magazines for her.B. Return some magazines to the library.C. Give some magazines back to her.第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分 15）听下面3段材料，每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位
4、置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6. Where does this conversation take place?A. At a railway station. B. At a coach station. C. At an airport.7. How many suitcases does the woman have altogether?A. Three. B. Two. C. One.8. What do we learn about the woman?A. Sh
5、e has bought a return ticket.B. She has taken this trip before.C. She has lost one suitcase.听下面一段对话，回答第9 至第11小题。9. Which of the following is TRUE about the man?A. He has lost interest in jazz.B. He works in the Student Center.C. He is a full-time student.10. Why did the man decide not to stay with t
6、he band?A. He didnt like the bandleader.B. He was too busy to make it.C. He wanted to join a better band.11. What suggestion does the woman give to the man?A. Organizing a new band. B. Joining a new band. C. Giving up performing.听下面一段独白，回答第12题至15小题。12. How many points does a misspelled word cost?A.
7、2 points. B. 3 points. C. 5 points.13. What are the students going to do on Friday?A. Read a short story. B. Take a major test. C. Write an essay.14. When was this lecture given?A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Friday.15. What is the talk about?A. The rules of the writing competition.B. The rule
8、s of the composition course.C. The appointments with the speaker.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。1. Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance._. I will.A. My pleasureB. No wonderC. Good pointD. Never mind【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意:-下次你去拜访Bob的时候
9、，记得提前给他打个电话。-好主意。我会的。A. My pleasure 我很荣幸，别客气；B. No wonder难怪；C. Good point好主意；D. Never mind没有关系。根据”I will”可知，第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故C选项符合语境。故选C。2. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _ mans intelligence and creativity.A. resemblingB. reflectingC. reviewingD. restoring【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意
10、：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾；D. restoring恢复。故选B符合语境。3. Allen is good at seizing every opportunity _ he thinks he can show his best self to others.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:Allen善于抓住每一个他认为能够向别人展现最好的自己的机会。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行
11、词”every opportunity”，且空处在从句中作抽象的地点状语，他能在这个机会中展现最好的自己。故应用where引导该定语从句。故此题选C。4. Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will _ sooner or later.A. stand outB. turn upC. get outD. break up【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会找到的。A. stand out突出；B. turn up出现；C. get out离开；D. break up打破。根据上文“your m
12、issing glasses will”指丢失的眼镜迟早会出现，应用turn up。故选B。5. A painting by Vincent Van Gogh was stolen on _ would have been the Dutch masters 167th birthday.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：文森特梵高的一幅画在这位荷兰大师诞辰167年时被盗。介词on后面接了一个宾语从句，宾语从句缺乏引导词，引导词在从句中作主语，所以用what。故选C项。6. Some institutions have
13、 established reading clubs to promote reading, but the effort, though _, is far from enough.A. appreciatedB. appreciatingC. having appreciatedD. to appreciate【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：一些机构已经建立了阅读俱乐部来促进阅读，但这种努力虽然受到赞赏，但还远远不够。这句话是由though引导的让步状语从句，努力和赞赏的关系是被动关系，所以这句状语从句的完整形式是though the effort is appreci
14、ated。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句主语一致，且有be动词时，则省略主语和be动词，那么这句话就变成though appreciated。故此题选A。7. The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market _ its superior quality.A. in terms ofB. on account ofC. on behalf ofD. on top of【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬，并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A. in
15、 terms of就而言；B. on account of由于；C. on behalf of代表；D. on top of在顶端。商品能够迅速占领市场，是由于超级好的质量，所以前后是因果关系。故B选项正确。8. _ tested positive for novel coronavirus, anyone living in China will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. UntilB. UnlessC. OnceD. Although【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查从属连词。句意：一旦新型冠状病毒检测呈
16、阳性，所有在中国生活的人都将享受我国政府提供的免费医疗。A. Until直到；B. Unless除非；C. Once一旦；D. Although虽然。根据“anyone living in China will receive free medical treatment from our government.”可知此处表示“一旦”。故选C。9. I dont think what he said is _ to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.A. faithfulB. parallelC. relevantD. s
17、imilar【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A. faithful忠实的，忠诚的；B. parallel与平行；C. relevant和相关；D. similar和相似。根据He has missed the point.可知，两者无关，故选C项。10. It rained continuously for seven days, completely _ our holiday.A. ruinedB. to ruinC. ruiningD. being ruined【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：连续
18、下了七天雨，完全毁了我们的假期。分析句子结构可知句子中已经有谓语动词，因此空格处需要填入非谓语动词。逻辑主语与动词之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词表示结果状语。故填C。11. Havent you handed in your composition yet?Yes. I _ on it for twenty five minutes.A. will workB. am workingC. would workD. worked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你还没交作文吗？交了。我做了25分钟。由答语语境可知，空处的动作在说话时已经结束，所以时态用一般过去时。故选D项。12. （20
19、16天津）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _ of rain later tonight.A. effectB. senseC. changeD. chance【答案】D【解析】【详解】试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。13. I _ pay Lucy a visit, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A. couldB. shouldC
20、. wouldD. shall【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我应该去拜访露西，但我不确定这个星期天我是否有时间。A. could 能够； B. should 应该；C. would 将会；D. shall 将要，将会。根据句意可知，虽然我不确定这个星期天我是否有时间，但是我应该去拜访露西。所以用should。而shall同I和we连用，表示将要，在疑问句中同I和we连用，表示提出或征求意见。故选B。14. What is the matter with our school network?I dont know. My computer _ to the Internet i
21、n our office for a few days.A. hasnt linkedB. doesnt linkC. wasnt linkedD. hasnt been linked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我们学校的网络出了什么问题?我不知道。我办公室的电脑有几天没联网了。根据for a few days.可知表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，用现在完成时；“我的电脑”和“连接”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选D。15. Its said that your family will move to another city
22、, why?_.The environment in this city is wonderful and relaxing.A. That dependsB. Thats for sureC. Its not the caseD. Its hard to say【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：据说你们家要搬到另外一个城市了，为什么？事实并非如此，这个城市的环境这么好并且让人很放松。A. That depends这得看情况；B. Thats for sure那是肯定的；C. Its not the case事实并非如此；D. Its hard to say这很难说。说话的另一方说
23、，这个城市的环境这么好并且让人很放松，说明他是对现在所住的城市很满意，因此不会搬到另外一个城市，所以是事实并非如此。故选C项。第二节、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，先出最佳选项。Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That ambition _16_ ended in 2010 when Hill was in a car accident, which put the 17-year-old high
24、 school senior in hospital for 51 days and left her paralyzed from the waist down. For most people, that would have _17_ any hope of a dancing career. But for Hill, it was the _18_ . Far from being a(an) _19_ , her wheelchair encouraged her to fight. “I want to prove to everyone including myself tha
25、t Im still normal,” she said, “whatever normal means.”Normal for her meant _20_ , so Hill did it in her wheelchair alongside her nondisabled high school dance team. Half of her body was taken away from her, so she had to _21_ it with her hands. It definitely took a lot of _22_ and patience.After gra
26、duation from high school, Hill wanted to _23_ her dance network to include women like her. She met people online who had _24_ various spinal (脊椎的) injuries but share her _25_ , and invited them to dance with her.The _26_ experience made Hill wish to reach more people. She moved to Los Angeles in 201
27、4 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she called the Rollettes. “I want to _27_ the stereotype of wheelchair users and show that dance is dance, whether youre walking or youre _28_ .” Dancing on _29_ ,the Rollettes discovered, can be just as fast-paced and fulfilling as the foot-based _30
28、_ .Every year Hill holds a dance camp called the Rollettes Experience for wheelchair users to help them bring out their acting _31_ . In 2019, 173 participants from ten countries attended. For many, it was the first time theyd felt they _32_ . “Its so powerful to have my teammates in my life, becaus
29、e theyre my teachers. I have more _33_ ,” one dancer excitedly commented.Chelsie Hill _34_ what many of us never will: her childhood dream. She has been chasing her dream in the wheelchair. Shes a dancer. The Rollettes have helped her find something else just as _35_ .16. A. naturallyB. nearlyC. sud
30、denlyD. unfortunately17. A. chasedB. abandonedC. raisedD. ruined18. A. beginningB. nightmareC. compromiseD. miracle19. A. accidentB. obstacleC. companionD. disability20. A. dreamB. dancingC. recoveryD. teamwork21. A. moveB. dragC. removeD. seize22. A. bumpingB. rejectingC. turningD. learning23. A. d
31、esignB. expandC. employD. change24. A. sufferedB. witnessedC. treatedD. ignored25. A. identificationB. accomplishmentC. determinationD. requirement26. A. interestingB. challengingC. amazingD. embarrassing27. A. put forwardB. take offC. figure outD. break down28 A. laughingB. dreamingC. marchingD. ro
32、lling29. A. wheelsB. matsC. stagesD. hands30. A. activityB. varietyC. creativityD. community31. A. styleB. awardC. talentD. personality32. A. livedB. escapedC. understoodD. belonged33. A. movesB. partnersC. confidenceD. pressure34. A. appliedB. absorbedC. attainedD. accumulated35. A. fulfillingB. re
33、laxingC. convincingD. approving【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Chelsie Hill从小的梦想是做一名舞蹈家，但是在2010年她遭遇了一场车祸，然后腰部以下全部瘫痪，但是这并没有阻碍她的梦想，她在轮椅上练习跳舞，并且把她的舞蹈网络扩大到了和她一样残疾的女性，从而破除了人们对于坐轮椅者不能跳舞的偏见。【16题
34、详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一抱负几乎于2010年结束，当时希尔发生了一场车祸，这导致这个17岁的高中高年级学生住院51天，并让她从腰部以下瘫痪。A. naturally自然；B. nearly几乎；C.suddenly突然；D. unfortunately不幸运地。从上文“Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. ”可知，Hill从3岁就想成为一个舞者，出了车祸应是几乎中止了她的抱负。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对大多数人来说，这可能会让他们对舞蹈事业的希望破灭。A. c
35、hased追逐；B. abandoned抛弃；C. raised举起；D. ruined毁坏。由后文的“any hope of a dancing career”（对舞蹈事业的任何希望）可知，瘫痪一般就会使人对舞蹈事业的任何希望破灭，故选D。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对希尔来说，这是一个开始。 A. beginning开始；B. nightmare噩梦；C. compromise妥协；D. miracle奇迹。由后文的“Far from being an obstacle(障碍)”,（远不是一个障碍）可知，这对她来说只是一个开始，即beginning，故选A。【19题详解】考查名词
36、词义辨析。句意：她的轮椅不但没有成为障碍，反而鼓励了她。A. accident意外事故；B. obstacle障碍；C. companion陪同；D. disability残疾。由下文的her wheelchair encouraged her to fight.可知，轮椅没有成为她的障碍，而是鼓励了她，故选B。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，正常意味着跳舞，所以希尔在她的轮椅上和她的非残疾高中舞蹈队一起跳舞。 A. dream梦想； B. dancing跳舞；C.recovery恢复；D. teamwork配合。根据后文的Hill did it in her wheelcha
37、ir可知，是她在轮椅上跳舞，所以应该是“正常对她意味着跳舞”，故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：希尔在接受今日采访时表示:“我的身体被移走了一半，我必须用手移动它。” A. move移动； B. drag拖；拽； C. remove除掉；D. seize抓住。她腰部以下全部瘫痪，所以能动的只有手，因此是用手移动身体，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这肯定需要大量的学习和耐心。A. bumping碰撞；B. rejecting拒绝；C. turning转向；D. learning学习。根据上文可知，要用手移动身体，理应需要学习和耐心。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨
38、析。句意：毕业后，希尔想把她的舞蹈网络扩大到包括像她这样的女性。 A. design设计；B. expand扩大；C. employ雇用；D. change改变。由后文的to include women like her可知，希尔扩大了她的舞蹈网络， 故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在网上遇到了一些人，他们都遭受过各种各样的脊椎伤害，但都分享了她的决心，邀请他们与她一起跳舞。 A. suffered遭受；B. witnessed见证；C. treated对待；D. ignored 忽视。根据下文various spinal (脊椎的) injuries可知，遭受过各种脊椎伤害。
39、故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在网上遇到了一些人，他们都遭受过各种各样的脊椎伤害，但都分享了她的决心，邀请他们与她一起跳舞。A. identification识别；B. accomplishment成就；完成；C. determination决心；D. requirement要求。根据下文invited them to dance with her.可知，她与别人分享她跳舞的决心，邀请他们一起跳舞。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段令人吃惊的奇妙经历让希尔希望接触更多的人。A. interesting令人感兴趣的；B. challenging有挑战的；C.
40、amazing令人吃惊的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据She met people online who had suffered various physical injuries but shared her determination;可知，这件事情是令人惊讶的奇妙的经历，即amazing experience，故选C。27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我想打破人们对坐轮椅的刻板印象，我想告诉大家，无论你是在走路还是在滚动，舞蹈就是舞蹈。” A. put forward提出；B. take off起飞；C. figure out计算出；弄清楚；D. break do
41、wn失败；破除 (障碍、偏见等)。 the stereotype(模式化观念) of wheelchair users“意为“对轮椅使用者的成见”，即坐轮椅的不能跳舞，所以她应该是想“破除”这种偏见，即break down，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想打破人们对坐轮椅的刻板印象，我想告诉大家，无论你是在走路还是在滚动，舞蹈就是舞蹈。”A. laughing笑；B. dreaming梦想；C. marching前进；D. rolling滚动。根据whether youre walking or以及希尔坐轮椅可推断，此处说的是无论你是在走路还是（坐着轮椅）滚动，舞者就是舞者
42、。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在轮子上跳舞，Rollettes发现，可以像以脚为基础的综艺节目一样快节奏和充实。A. wheels车轮；B. mats垫子；C. stages舞台；D. hands手。根据上文She moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers with disabilities she called the Rollettes.可知，这个组织的成员都是残疾人舞者，因此是坐在轮子上跳舞。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在轮子上跳舞，Rollettes发现，可以像以脚为基础的综艺
43、节目一样快节奏和充实。 A. activity活动；B. variety多样；综艺节目；C. creativity创造性；D. community社团。asas表示比较，此处是用在轮子上跳舞和用脚的综艺节目做对比。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年，希尔都会为轮椅使用者举办一个名为“Rollettes”的舞蹈营，以帮助他们展示他们的表演天赋 。A. style风格；样式；B. award奖品；C. talent天赋；D. personality个性。 根据Hill holds a dance camp和help them bring out可推断，举办舞蹈夏令营目的是帮助这些人
44、展示舞蹈天赋。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一些人，是第一次他们有归属感。A. lived生存； B. studied学习；C. escaped逃离；D. belonged属于。 根据下文“Its so powerful to have my teammates in my life, because theyre my teachers. I have more _18_ ,” one dancer excitedly commented.可推断，这些舞蹈者中的一些感觉有归属感。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有了更多的自信。A. moved移动；B. p
45、artners同伴；伙伴；C. confidence自信；D. pressure压力。根据上文Its so powerful to have my teammates in my life, because theyre my teachers.( 在我的生活中有我的队友是如此强大，因为他们是我的老师)和下文one dancer excitedly commented可推断，这位舞者激动的评论，她拥有了更大的自信。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：希尔获得了我们许多人永远不会获得的东西：她童年的梦想。 A. applied应用；B. absorbed吸收；C. attained获得
46、；达到；D. accumulated使习惯。 根据下文She has been chasing her dream in the wheelchair.可知，Hill实现了她的梦想，获得了许多人永远不能获得的东西。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rollettes帮助她找到如同满足一样的其他别的东西。A. fulfilling履行；满足；B. relaxing使放松；C. convincing使信服；D. approving赞成。根据上文可知，希尔实现了梦想，因此有满足感。故选A。第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D
47、四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AActive ChallengeWeight loss camp for girls aged 1318 in CanadaLocation:Beautiful Bear Creek Outdoor Center Near Ottawa, OntarioSeason: July 2nd-August 28thCapacity: 40Activities include: hiking, rafting, canoeing, yoga, cooking, camp skills, mountain biking, nutrition classes, swimming
48、, fitness classes etc.Choose what you like!Active Challenge is a weight loss program specially for young women. The burden of being overweight is heavier than just the extra pounds. We use outdoor adventures to challenge the girls, to give them something to draw strength from.Because youll be losing
49、 weight alongside young women just like you, youll find no one laughing at you and youll help each other. At Active Challenge youll make lifelong friends with young women of your own age and learn to love new adventurous activities.Unlike any other weight loss program, Active Challenge is designed s
50、o youll lose weight and have the strategies and skills to keep the weight off forever. Active Challenge does not put you on a diet. We follow the Canada Food Guide to healthy eating and exercise appropriate portion control. We help you develop healthy habits.The staff at Active Challenge combine exp
51、erienced outdoor adventure professional with highly qualified clinicians. All of us are absolutely devoted to helping you achieve lasting behavioral change and weigh loss. Most of all we are devoted to having a great time doing it.Pre-Camp: Upon registration in Active Challenge, a registration packa
52、ge will be sent out to you with forms to be completed before camping as well as program preparation materials, an introduction to Active Challenge and pre-program personal challenge assignments to get you on your way toward a healthier you.Post-Camp: Our post program is designed to keep you focused
53、and remind you of the goals that you set during the camp. We will send you home with your personal meal and exercise plan and keep in touch with you for a full three months after the camp ends through letters, emails and phone calls, tracking your progress and giving you strategies and support.36. W
54、hy are outdoor adventurous activities held for girls?A. To lose weight quickly.B. To have fun.C. To keep fit.D. To make them stronger.37. How will girls feel about the atmosphere at Active Challenge?A. Competitive and challenging.B. Friendly and supportive.C. Cold but exciting.D. Lonely but safe.38.
55、 After registration, girls _.A. will be in informed how to get prepared for the programB. should go to buy the program preparation materialsC. should learn some skills and strategies to lose weightD. will have to finish some challenging tasks at home39. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To
56、invite girls to join in Active Challenge.B. To share skills and strategies of losing weight.C. To introduce the importance of losing weight.D. To explain the popularity of Active Challenge.【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个专为加拿大年轻女性举办的减肥夏令营的详细信息。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据文章图表下面第一段“We use outdoo
57、r adventures to challenge the girls, to give them something to draw strength from.（我们利用户外冒险来挑战女孩们，让她们从中汲取力量。）”可知，举办户外冒险活动的目的是增强女孩的健康。故选D。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据文章图表下面第二段“Because youll be losing weight alongside young women just like you, youll find no one laughing at you and youll help each other. At Active
58、 Challenge youll make lifelong friends with young women of your own age and learn to love new adventurous activities.（因为你会和像你一样的年轻女性一起减肥，你会发现没有人嘲笑你，你们会互相帮助。在“主动挑战”，你将与你自己年龄一样的年轻女性成为终生的朋友，并学会喜欢新的冒险活动。）”可知，在这个减肥训练营中，营员们之间是友好的和互相支持的。由此可推知，年轻女性会认为这个夏令营氛围是友好的及有支持性的。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。结合倒数第二段Pre-camp的细节“Upo
59、n registration in Active Challenge, a registration package will be sent out to you with forms to be completed before camping as well as program preparation materials, an introduction to Active Challenge and pre-program personal challenging assignments to get you on your way toward a healthier self.
60、”（一旦你注册了Active Challenge，我们会发给你一个注册包，里面有露营前需要填写的表格和项目准备材料，还有Active Challenge的介绍和项目前的个人挑战作业，让你朝着更健康的自我前进）可知，注册后，女孩将被告知如何准备该项目。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据文章图表下面第一段“Active Challenge Weight loss camp for girls aged 13-18 in Canada.（在加拿大为13-18岁的女孩主动挑战减肥营。）”和下文内容可知，这篇文章是介绍Active Challenge的一则广告，目的主要是邀请女孩加入。故选A。BKa
61、yaking(皮划艇) is an activity enjoyed by many people of all ages. It requires little or no experience and nearly anyone of any skill level can participate. Its most popular as a summertime sport, but it is also a great activity during the winter. Kayaking also seems relatively friendly to the environme
62、nt, more so than speed boating or water skiing. Because a kayak doesnt create large or frequent waves, require fuel, or let off polluted air, it is indeed a fairly safe activity for humans and wildlife alike.Kayaking on freshwater lakes and streams creates little turbulence and therefore does not di
63、sturb fish or other aquatic life. Actually, the gentle paddling and movement of the kayak helps to bring seaweed to the surface, making for convenient snacking to the fish. However, there is a drawback to the all-you-can-buffet for your fishy friends. In addition to bringing food to the surface, kay
64、aking also stirs up litter thats been hiding beneath the waters. Some aquatic animals will mistake it for food. This could cause the animals to choke on the indigestible litter, leading to death. As hazardous as this sounds, it isnt very likely for such an event to take place. Most litter in lakes a
65、nd streams is found along the shoreline and settles in the sand and dirt, and isnt likely to drift away to the main body of water. Unlike boats operated by motor and fuel, kayaks pose little or no harm to the fish swimming beneath. And because kayaks do not have a motor, fish have no risk of getting
66、 caught underneath the boat.One potential hazard that results from kayaking is human waste. This depends solely on where you plan to kayak, and if there are resources available (such as campsites) along the shoreline. When there are no facilities in sight, youre paddling in the middle of a lake, and
67、 nature calls, then often you are given no choice but to expel your waste in the middle of the water. While human waste is considered biodegradable, it can be harmful when swallowed by fish. The only preventative measure is to avoid using the water as a restroom. Some public lakes and streams have t
68、aken steps to preserve the quality of the water by requiring permits for kayaking. This wont ease the human waste problem, but does help regulate entry into the lake and prevent it from becoming overcrowded.An important factor to remember when kayaking is that you are a guest in someone elses home.
69、You may not be greeted by anyone or be able to kick up your feet and watch TV, but the water is home to many aquatic animals and wildlife. Just as you would not throw trash on the floor or destroy the home of another, you shouldnt do it outdoors either. Keep all trash with you in your kayak and prop
70、erly dispose of it after you return to shore. By doing your part, you will help keep kayaking a safe and enjoyable activity for yourself and the environment.40. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Kayaking according to the passage?A. Young peoples enjoyment of kayaking exceeds that of ot
71、her people.B. Water skiing has more negative effects on the environment than Kayaking.C. Usually, kayaking is only practiced in the summer.D. Whether you can kayak depends on resources available along the shoreline.41. What does “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Providing aquatic animals with an all
72、-you-can-buffet.B. Stirring up litter to the surface of the water.C. That aquatic animals choke to death because of eating the litter.D. That most litter in lakes and streams is found along the shoreline and settles.42. Which word or expression is closest in meaning to “biodegradable”?A. Recycled.B.
73、 Environmentally harmless.C. Poisonous.D. Sustainable.43. That some public waters require permits for kayaking may contribute to the following except_.A. preserving the quality of the water thereB. stopping the waters from becoming too crowdedC. solving the problem of human wasteD. helping regulate
74、entry into those waters44. Which is the best title of the passage?A. The environmental impacts of kayakingis it dangerous?B. The most popular water sportskayakingC. Advantages and disadvantages of kayakingD. How to keep kayaking a safe and enjoyable activity?【答案】40. B 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. A【解析】【分析】
75、本文是一篇说明文，介绍了皮划艇是一项非常环保的运动，几乎不会对水里的鱼类造成任何伤害，同时指出玩皮划艇时要不要往水里扔垃圾。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Kayaking also seems relatively friendly to the environment, more so than speed boating or water skiing.(皮划艇似乎对环境也相对友好，比快艇或滑水更友好)”可知，皮划艇比滑水更环保，故选B。【41题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“This could cause the animals to choke on the indige
76、stible litter, leading to death.”可知，这会导致那些水生动物被难以消化的垃圾噎住，导致死亡，由此可知画线词指的就是水生动物因吃了垃圾而窒息致死，故选C。【42题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“it can be harmful when swallowed by fish.”可知，虽然人类排泄物被认为是无害的，但被鱼类吞食却是有害的，故画线词词义为“无害的”，A. Recycled.回收利用的；B. Environmentally harmless.对环境无害的；C. Poisonous.有毒的；D. Sustainable.可持续的。故选B。【43题详解】细
77、节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Some public lakes and streams have taken steps to preserve the quality of the water by requiring permits for kayaking. This wont ease the human waste problem, but does help regulate entry into the lake and prevent it from becoming overcrowded. (一些公共湖泊和溪流已经采取措施，要求皮划艇活动获得许可，以保护水质。这并不能缓解人
78、类排泄物的问题，但确实有助于控制排泄物进入湖中，防止其过度拥挤)”可知，一些公共水域要求皮划艇许可有助于保护那里的水质、阻止水变得太拥挤以及帮助规范进入这些水域。故选C。【44题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Kayaking also seems relatively friendly to the environment, more so than speed boating or water skiing.(皮划艇似乎对环境也相对友好，比快艇或滑水更友好)”结合本文主要介绍了皮划艇是一项非常环保的运动，故A选项“划皮划艇对环境的影响危险吗？”最符合文章标题，故选A。CIt was 196
79、1 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didnt know enough to really care. My older bother and I lived with Mom in an ugly multifamily house in Detroit. Every night after supper, wed lie on Moms bed and stare for hours at the TV screen. But one day Mom
80、changed our world forever. She turned off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. “You boys are going to read two books every week and write a report on what you read.”We moaned (不满，发牢骚) and complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didnt hav
81、e any books in the house other than Moms Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: “Ill drive you to the library.”So pretty soon there were these two peevish (坏脾气的) boys in her Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library.The first book I read clear through was Chip the Da
82、m Builder. It was about beavers (河狸). For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this virtue visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.It didnt dawn on (明白) me at the time,but t
83、he experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip (快速翻动) of a page.Soon I began to look forward to visiting this quiet sanctuary from my other world. Along the way a funny thing
84、 happened:I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldnt wait to get home to my books. Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatric neurosurgery (儿童神经外科). Sometimes I still cant believe my lifes journey ends up to this position, but
85、 I know when the journey began.45. We can learn from the beginning of the passage that _.A. the author did worse in school than his brotherB. the author was old enough to worry about lifeC. the author spent much time watching TV after schoolD. the author lived a poor and miserable life46. How did th
86、e two boys feel about going to the library at first?A. They were afraid.B. They were unwilling.C. They were impatient.D. They were eager to go.47. The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that _.A. he began to see something in his mindB. he could visualize what he read in his
87、mindC. he could go back to read the books againD. he realized that books offered him new experience48. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. Oldsmobile was a popular TV programB. Chip the Dam Builder was a book about beavers virtue visit to a riverC. the author made improvements in his study
88、 after taking much readingD. the teachers found the author became funny49. Readers may find this story inspiring because _.A. Mom makes efforts to encourage her children to become somethingB. Mom does not allow watching TV and buys books for her childrens developmentC. the children are lost in books
89、 and never watch TVD. the children focus on their study to become famous【答案】45. C 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位母亲让两个孩子做出改变，接送他们去图书馆，这一做法改变了两个孩子的人生。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Every night after supper, wed lie on Moms bed and stare for hours at the TV screen.(每天晚饭后，我们就躺在妈妈的床上，盯着电视看几个小时)”可知，作
90、者花了很多时间在放学后看电视。故选C。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“We moaned (不满，发牢骚) and complained about how unfair it was.(我们抱怨这是多么不公平)”及第四段“So pretty soon there were these two peevish (坏脾气的) boys in her Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library.(所以很快就有两个脾气暴躁的男孩坐着她的奥兹莫比尔车去底特律公共图书馆了)”可推知，刚开始这两个男孩很不愿意去图书馆。故选B。【47题详解】细节
91、理解题。根据倒数第三段“It didnt dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip (快速翻动) of a page.(当时我并没有明白这一点，但这种体验与看电视截然不同。我脑海中浮现出的不是眼前的景象。我可以回头再次一页一页地快速翻看它
92、们)”可知，作者意识到书给他提供了新的经验并不是作者开始喜欢书的原因。故选D。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Along the way a funny thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too.(在这个过程中，一件有趣的事情发生了：我开始知道一些事情。老师们也开始注意到这一点)”可推知，作者在大量阅读之后在学习上有了进步。故选C。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章讲述了一位母亲让两个孩子做出改变，接送他们去图书馆，这一做法改变了两个孩子的人生。由此推知，读者会觉得
93、这个故事鼓舞人心，因为妈妈努力鼓励她的孩子成为有成就的人。故选A。DThe concept of a “born leader” seems so fanciful that it belongs on the cover of a bad business book. But it turns out that born leaders are real, and researchers have discovered a key factor, which isnt genes, parents, or peers, but birth order.First-born children
94、are 30 percent more likely to be CEOs or politicians, according to a new paper by several economists, Sandra E. Black at the University of Texas-Austin, and Bjorn Ockert and Erik Gronqvist at Swedens Institute for Evaluation of Labor Market and Education Policy. The paper, which only looked at boys,
95、 found that first-borns stay in school longer, make more money, have a higher IQ, and even spend more time on homework than on television,The idea that birth order might shape personality goes back at least to the 1920s, when Alfred Adler theorized that first-born children develop a “taste for power
96、” at a young age, since they can dominate their younger siblings. He went on to say young children are spoiled and become dependent on their parents (the “baby of the family” effect), while middle children, being often in a war for their parents attention, are status-conscious and naturally competit
97、ive.Obtaining personality from birth may strike you. But Adlers hypotheses (假说) have held up in numerous studies. In a 2013 paper, “Strategic Parenting, Birth Order and School Performance,” V. Joseph Hotz, a professor of economics at Duke University, and Juan Pantano, a professor of economics at Was
98、hington University in St. Louis, used American data to show that school performance declines with birth order.The researchers chalked their findings up to what they called the “reputational model of strategic parenting.” Put simply, parents invest a lot of time in establishing rules for their first
99、child, building a reputation for toughness that they hope will pass down to later children. As a result, first-borns are doubly blessedhaving too much of their parents attention, and then entrusted to act as the rules enforcer of the family, which helps them build intelligence, discipline, and leade
100、rship qualities. In the survey, parents report that they consider their older children more successful, and they are less likely to discipline their later-born children for improper behaviors, such as acting up or not doing homework.This new study relies on Swedish data, and it comes to a similar co
101、nclusion. First-borns arent just healthier or smarter, but also they score higher on “emotional stability, persistence, social outgoingness, willingness to assume responsibility and ability to take the initiative.” Its researchers ruled out genetic factors; in fact, they uncovered evidence that late
102、r-born children might be healthier than first-borns.Instead, the differences among siblings had everything to do with family dynamics in the childrens early years. First, having more children means parents can spend less time on each child, and as the parental investment declines, so may IQ.Second,
103、the most important effect, the researchers said, might not be the “strategic parenting” but something more like “strategic brothering.” As siblings compete for their parents love (or ice cream, or toys), they occupy certain positions-older siblings demonstrate their competence and power, while young
104、er siblings develop more creative strategies to get attention. This effect seems particularly strong among later-born boys with older brothers. Younger brothers are much more likely to enter “creative” occupations -like architect, writer, actor, singer, or photographer-if they have older brothers, r
105、ather than older sisters. In other words, among young brothers, specialization within the family forecasts specialization in the workforce.There is a considerable implication in this idea that family dynamics during childhood can shape adult personality. Young children are highly sensitive to their
106、environment, in ways that often have lasting effects.50. First-born children are more likely to be CEOs or politicians because _.A. they are born to have leadership qualitiesB. teachers and parents invest more time in educating themC. later-born children need them to set good examplesD. they have a
107、lot of practice in bossing around their younger siblings51. What can we learn about Alfred Adler?A. His research was based on American data.B. His hypotheses were applied in many studies.C. He held the idea that first-born children should be independent.D. He thought that childrens personality was a
108、ffected by birth order.52. According to the 2013 paper, if a child does not behave as well as his elder brother at school, it may be due to the fact that he _.A. has a lower IQ and EQB. is badly treated by school teachersC. receives less attention from his parentsD. is spoiled too much by other fami
109、ly members53. What are the findings of the new study based on?A. Swedish data on boys.B. Controlled experiments on children.C. Differences between first-born and later-borns.D. The observation of childrens development across Sweden.54. The new study has found that later-born children _.A. feel disap
110、pointed at their parents attitude to themB. are always in a process of self-discoveryC. may be more trustworthy and creativeD. might be physically strong55. According to the author, _.A. parents should create a good family environment for their childrenB. children should be given equal attention by
111、their parentsC. girls development is seldom affected by birth orderD. boys should be forbidden to order others around【答案】50. D 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。“天生的领导者”这一概念似乎太异想天开了，以至于它应该出现在一本糟糕的商业书籍的封面上。但事实证明，天生的领导者是真实存在的，研究人员发现了一个关键因素，不是基因、父母或同伴，而是出生顺序。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中The paper, wh
112、ich only looked at boys, found that first-borns stay in school longer, make more money, have a higher IQ, and even spend more time on homework than on television,可知，长子长女更有可能成为ceo或政治家，因为他们有很多对弟弟妹妹发号施令习惯。故选D。【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The idea that birth order might shape personality goes back at least to the
113、 1920s, when Alfred Adler theorized that first-born children develop a “taste for power” at a young age, since they can dominate their younger siblings.可知，Alfred Adler认为孩子的性格会受出生顺序的影响。故选D。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中As a result, first-borns are doubly blessedhaving too much of their parents attention, -In th
114、e survey, parents report that they consider their older children more successful, and they are less likely to discipline their later-born children for improper behaviors, such as acting up or not doing homework.可知，根据2013年的论文，如果一个孩子在学校的表现不如他的哥哥，这可能是因为他很少受到父母的关注。故选C。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句This new study
115、 relies on Swedish data, and it comes to a similar conclusion.可知，这项新研究的发现是基于瑞典男孩的数据。故选A。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句in fact, they uncovered evidence that later-born children might be healthier than first-borns.可知，新的研究发现，出生较晚的孩子可能身体强壮。故选D。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段There is a considerable implication in this idea
116、that family dynamics during childhood can shape adult personality. Young children are highly sensitive to their environment, in ways that often have lasting effects.可知，作者认为，父母应该为他们的孩子创造一个良好的家庭环境。故选A。【点睛】做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。
117、本题第6小题，根据最后一段There is a considerable implication in this idea that family dynamics during childhood can shape adult personality. Young children are highly sensitive to their environment, in ways that often have lasting effects.可知，作者认为，父母应该为他们的孩子创造一个良好的家庭环境。故选A。第卷（共35分）第四部分：写作第一节、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10
118、分)阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题Michael Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of school. When the other kids began to notice that he was wearing the same black pants and blue, teal, and gray long-sleeve shirt day after day, Todd, a freshman at Martin Luther King Jr. College Preparatory
119、 High School in Memphis, became the target of laughter. But there was little Todd could do. His mother simply couldnt afford to buy him new clothes.Two of the kids piling on were Antwan Garrett and Kristopher Graham, a pair of freshman football players. But over time, they realized that their dispar
120、aging words felt like bullying and seemed to be slowly crushing Todds spirit. Something finally clicked.“I felt like I needed to do something,” Graham told CBS News. So he and Garrett hatched a plan. They went home and hunted through their own drawers and closets. The next day at school, they met To
121、dd at their third-period class and asked him to come into the hall. Todd was understandably nervous about being called out by the larger boys.“He wasnt smiling or anything, and I was like, I think this is going to make you smile,” Graham says. “I told him, Were in the same third period, and I apolog
122、ize for laughing at you, and I want to give something to you to make it up.” He then handed Todd a bag. Inside were cleanshirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers.Todd was blown away. “I was very happy,” he told WATN-TV. “Shocked, completely.”And Todd got much more than a new
123、wardrobe. He no longer sits alone at lunch. Now he eats with his new friends, Garrett and Graham.“Ive been bullied my entire life,” Todd told CBS News. Reflecting on the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall, he called it “the best day of my entire life, basically.”56. Why didnt Michael To
124、dd change clothes for the first three weeks of school? (No more than 10 words)57. What does the underlined word hatched mean? (No more than 3 words)58. What did Todd expect when asked to come into the hall? (No more than 10 words)59. What happened on “the best day” of Todds entire life? (No more tha
125、n 20 words)60. How do you treat your classmates at school?. Give one example.(No more than 20 words)【答案】56. Because his mother couldnt afford to buy him new clothes. 57. Formed/Came up with/Thought up/Had/ 58. He thought he would be bullied/laughed at/ by Garrett and Graham.或者He thought he would be
126、in trouble as usual 59. He was shocked to receive apology and clean shirts, shorts, sneakers from Garrett and Graham, and befriended them. 60. I respect every one of my classmates. I never laugh at them when they make mistakes.或者I regard my classmates as my friends. I share my ideas with them and we
127、 help each other.【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Todd因为家境贫穷，在学校经常被欺负，他Garrett和Graham在意识到自己错误后，主动送他东西并与他成为朋友，让Todd找回了自信。【56题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“His mother simply couldnt afford to buy him new clothes.(他母亲根本给他买不起新衣服)”可知，他妈妈给他买不起新衣服。故答案为Because his mother couldnt afford to buy him new clothes.【57题详解】考查词义猜测。根据第三段“So he
128、 and Garrett hatched a plan.(所以他和加勒特hatched一个计划)”中，与划线词搭配的名词plan和下文Antwan Garrett和Kristopher Graham给Michael Todd送衣服可知，他们是“制定了一个计划”，所以hatch 可理解为“制定、提出、想到、有了”等意思。故答案为Formed/Came up with/Thought up/Had/【58题详解】考查推理判断。根据第三段“Todd was understandably nervous about being called out by the larger boys.(被年纪大的男
129、生叫出去，Todd知道会发生什么，感到紧张)”中“understandably nervous”可推知，因为这样的情况以前经常发生，所以Todd以为他会被Garrett和Graham欺负或者嘲笑，认为自己会遇到麻烦 。故答案为He thought he would be bullied/laughed at/ by Garrett and Graham.【59题详解】考查细节理解。根据根据第段“I told him, Were in the same third period, and I apologize for laughing at you, and I want to give so
130、mething to you to make it up. He then handed Todd a bag. Inside were clean shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers.(我告诉他，我们同在三年级，我为嘲笑你而道歉，我想给你一些东西来弥补。然后他递给托德一个包。里面有干净的衬衫和短裤，还有一双新百伦运动鞋)”和最后一段“Reflecting on the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall, he called it the
131、best day of my entire life, basically. (回想起加勒特和格雷厄姆把他叫到大厅的那一天，他说那基本上是我一生中最美好的一天) ”可知，Todd认为那是一生中最美好的一天是因为他收到Garrett and Graham给他的道歉和礼物，并与他们成为了朋友。故答案为He was shocked to receive apology and clean shirts, shorts, sneakers from Garrett and Graham, and befriended them.【60题详解】考查语言表达。在学样里我都是尊重班上每一个同学，在他们犯错时
132、从不嘲笑他们；我把同学看作朋友，与他们分享我的想法并互相帮助。故答案为I respect every one of my classmates. I never laugh at them when they make mistakes.或者I regard my classmates as my friends. I share my ideas with them and we help each other.第二节、书面表达（共1小题；共25分）61. 假如你是高一新生李华，你好友 Peter 给你发了一封邮件，询问你暑假是如何度过，并对你的高中生活很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写封回信
133、：1.假期生活的简要描述； 2.描述你的高中生活（学校老师同学等）；3.你对新的学习生活的打算或希望。注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Peter,How are you doing? I feel so grateful to receive your letter asking about my summer vacation and my new high school life. As for me, everything is a new start.During the holi
134、day, I made an attempt to do a part-time job and accumulated some social experience, which was really good to my future life. At the same time I didnt forget to take regular exercise and go over my lessons to prepare for my new school life. I spent a meaningful holiday. When it comes to my senior hi
135、gh school, the first impression of it is unforgettable. The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flowers, providing us with a good environment. Besides, all the teachers are friendly and I firmly believe well make great progress with them teaching us. I really love my new sch
136、ool. I hope my life of senior high school will be always interesting. And from now on, I will study hard to go to college. I believe my dream will come true.Looking forward to hearing from you!Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是高一新生李华，你好友 Peter 给你发了一封邮件，询问你暑假是如何度过，并对你的高中生活很感兴趣。请你根据要点给他写封回信。【详解】1.词
137、汇积累感激的：grateful thankful有好处：be good to be beneficial to此外：Besides In addition友好的：friendly amicable2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flowers, providing us with a good environment.拓展句：The school yard is big and beautiful with all kinds of trees and flower
138、s, which can provide us with a good environment.【点睛】【高分句型1】During the holiday, I made an attempt to do a part-time job and accumulated some social experience, which was really good to my future life.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】When it comes to my senior high school, the first impression of it is unforgettable.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
