1、海淀区2021-2022学年第一学期期末练习高三英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。During the summer of 2008, I participated in an internship(实习) with Motivos Magazine. On a roasting hot day, I wa
2、lked up and down Parkway trying to _1_ pedestrians to subscribe to Motivos. Sweaty and _2_ ,I turned to a fellow intern and said, I want to be a paid intern one who receives money for all the work that he does. Today, as I recall my experience with Motivos, I can _3_ say, I was a paid intern. It pai
3、d me with something much more _4_ and worthy than money: knowledge, opportunities, and experience that last forever. Jenee, the founder of Motivos, gave me the _5_ of how the magazine business operates. She showed me the _6_ from rough draft to publishing with a hands-on experience. I was even given
4、 the opportunity to spend quality time with a team of professionals and pick their brainsThroughout the whole rough draft to publishing process, I developed a mutual relationship with a journalist George. He saw some things in me that I had _7_ to notice in myself: my resilience and potential, and w
5、anted to write a story on me. With my permission, George published it for the column that he writes for the Philadelphia Weekly. It was really a once-in-a-lifetime experience to have my story told in a public form to _8_ positivity and empower whomever it applied to. I was acknowledged and given rec
6、ognition. More importantly, I gained a better understanding of myself that served as the _9_ for my future. As an experienced intern I must say, Many internships _10_ very well!”1. A. teachB. remindC. assignD. convince2. A. lazyB. guiltyC. tiredD. nervous3. A. proudlyB. hesitantlyC. regretfullyD. jo
7、kingly4. A. popularB. powerfulC. abstractD. available5. A. proofB. rewardC. problemD. knowledge6. A. stepsB. signsC. servicesD. savings7. A. refusedB. failedC. continuedD. stopped8. A. returnB. trainC. assessD. highlight9. A. predictionB. inspectionC. inspirationD. imagination10. A. payB. reactC. go
8、D. run【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一个杂志社实习，虽然没有薪水，但是作者通过自己的努力和坚韧不拔，获得了比金钱更有力量和价值的东西知识、机会和经验。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的日子里，我在公园大道上走来走去，试图说服行人订阅Motivos杂志。A. teach教；B. remind提醒；C. assign分配；D. convince说服；劝服。由下文“pedestrians to subscribe to Motivos”可知，作者在公园
9、大道上走来走去，是为了试图说服行人订阅Motivos杂志，故选D。【2题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：汗流浃背，疲惫不堪，我转向另一个实习生，说，“我想成为一个有薪实习生”，有薪实习生做的所有工作都能拿到钱。A. lazy懒惰的；B. guilty内疚的；C. tired 疲倦的；D. nervous紧张的。由上文“On a roasting hot day, I walked up and down Parkway trying to”和空前单词“Sweaty”可知，作者在炎热的一天，在街上走来走去，汗流浃背，疲惫不堪，故选C。【3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我回忆起我在Mo
10、tivos杂志社的经历时，我可以自豪地说“我是一个有薪实习生”。A. proudly自豪地；B. hesitantly迟疑地；C. regretfully懊悔地；D. jokingly开玩笑地；打趣地。由下文“It paid me with something much more _and worthy than money: knowledge, opportunities, and experience that last forever.”可知，作者在杂志社收获了比钱更加重要的东西，所以此处指作者很自豪地说自己是“有薪实习生”，故选A。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它给了我比金钱
11、更有力量和价值的东西: 知识、机会和经验，这些将永远持续下去。A. popular流行的；B. powerful强有力的；很有效的；C. abstract抽象的；D. available可利用的。由上下文“It paid me with something much more_and worthy than money: knowledge, opportunities, and experience that last forever.”可知，作者获得了知识、机会和经验，这些比金钱更有力量和价值，故选B。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Motivos的创始人Jenee让我了解了杂志业的运
12、营方式。A. proof证据；B. reward奖励；回报；C. problem问题；D. knowledge知识；了解。由上下文“Jenee, the founder of Motivos, gave me the_of how the magazine business operates.”可知，Motivos的创始人让作者了解了杂志业是如何运营的，故选D。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用实践经验给我展示了从草稿到出版的步骤。A. steps步骤；进程；B. signs指示牌；标志；C. services服务；D. savings储蓄。由下文“from rough draft to
13、 publishing”和下段中的“the whole rough draft to publishing process”可知，此处指从草稿到出版这一系列步骤，故选A。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在我身上看到了一些我没有注意到的东西我的韧性和潜力，他想写一个关于我的故事。A. refused拒绝；B. failed失败；未能做到；C. continued继续；D. stopped停下来。由上下文“I had_to notice in myself: my resilience and potential,”可知，作者自己身上的韧性和潜力是作者自己没有注意到的东西，故选B。【8题详解
14、】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我的故事以公开的形式展示出来，彰显积极的一面，并赋予任何人这种积极的力量，这真是千载难逢的经历。A. return返回；B. train培训；C. assess评价；D. highlight突出；强调。由上下文“have my story told in a public form to_positivity”和本段中“my resilience and potential, and wanted to write a story on me”可知，作者的故事被展示出来，彰显了作者有韧性这种积极的一面，故选D。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我对自己
15、有了更好的了解，这在未来会对我产生激励作用。A. prediction预测；B. inspection视察；检查；C. inspiration灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；D. imagination想象。由上下文“I gained a better understanding of myself that served as the_for my future”可知，作者对自己有了更好的了解，这在未来会激励作者，故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的实习生，我必须说“很多实习是收获丰富地！”A. pay有好处；B. react反应；C. go进展；D. run运行。
16、由上文“ I was a paid intern。 It paid me with something much more 2 and worthy than money: knowledge, opportunities, and experience that last forever. ”可知，作者自己就是一个在实习中收获丰富得人。所以作者作为经历者，作者认为，很多实习是收获丰富地，故选A。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）A阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The famous
17、 writer James Patterson donated $1.5 million to launch a classroom program, _11_ was designed to help poor children read more books. It aims to bring books to 32,000 poor children who are from kindergarten to eighth grade. Patterson _12_ （donate）more than $10 million to support literacy development
18、since many years ago. He believes reading skills are important for the country. Patterson added, the program will bring books to those schools and _13_ （community）that need them the most, and that we havent served before. The program has chosen a limited number of schools to take part this year but
19、hopes to expand in the coming years.【答案】11. which 12. has donated 13. communities【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名作家詹姆斯帕特森通过捐赠，以帮助贫困儿童阅读更多书籍。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：著名作家詹姆斯帕特森捐赠150万美元启动了一个课堂项目，旨在帮助贫困儿童阅读更多书籍。句中先行词为a classroom program，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【12题详解】考查时态。句意：自多年前以来，帕特森已经捐赠了1000多万美元用于支持扫
20、盲发展。根据“since many years ago.”可知，用现在完成时。主语Patterson为第三人称，所以谓语动词用has。故填has donated。【13题详解】考查名词的数。句意：帕特森补充说：“该项目将把书籍带到那些最需要的、我们以前从未提供过的学校和社区。”名词community为可数名词，根据those可知，用名词的复数形式。故填communities。B阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Three-dimensional (3D) printing is now gathering s
21、team. It is employed _14_ (make) things ranging from orthopedic(矫形) implants to components for aircraft. The details are different according to the products and processes involved _15_ the underlying principle is the same. A layer of material is laid down and somehow fixed in place. Then another _16
22、_ ( put) on top of it. Then another. Then another. By _17_ (vary) the shape, and sometimes the composition of each layer, objects can be crafted that would be difficult or impossible to produce with conventional techniques. On top of this, no material is wasted.【答案】14. to make 15. but 16. is put 17.
23、 varying【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术正在快速发展，可以用来制作各种东西，同时介绍了3D打印技术的基本原则。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词词。句意：它被用来制造各种东西，从制造骨科植入物到飞机零部件。Employ sth. to do是固定用法，表示“使用某物来做 ”，如果此用法中的sth.做主语，应变为被动，即sth. be employed to do表示“某物被用来做 ”，所以此处用to make来做目的状语，故填to make。2.考查连词。句意：由于所涉及的产品和工艺不同，细节是不同的，但基本原则是相同的。空前句子“The details are di
24、fferent according to the products and processes involved”和空后句子“the underlying principle is the same”是转折关系，应用连词but，意为“但是”，故填but。3.考查时态和语态。句意：然后是另一层材料被放到它的上面。分析句子结构可知，空处做谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时， 且主语another(另一层)和动词put(放)二者之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，主语是单数，所以应用is put，故填is put。4.考查非谓语动词。句意：通过改变每一层的形状，有时是改变每一层的构成，这样
25、可以制作出传统技术难以或不可能制作出来的物体。此处动词vary(改变)放在介词by后，应用动名词形式，故填varying。C阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。There are reasons to consider taking a break from social media. Firstly, when you stop to check social media, again and again, it becomes _18_ form of multitasking, making whatev
26、er you do take longer. When you dont have to worry about your devices buzzing left and right, your productivity levels will shoot through the roof. Secondly, when people post something on social media, they tend to share only _19_ they want others to see- the happy, exciting parts of their lives. Th
27、is may seem harmless, but when youre seeing people only at their best, its easy to feel like youre falling behind by comparison. Quitting online accounts can help block much of this social comparison, and you will end up feeling much _20_ (happy).【答案】18. a 19. what 20. happier【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了
28、远离社交媒体的一些原因。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：首先，当你停下来查看社交媒体时，一次又一次，它变成了一种多任务形式，使你做任何事都需要更长的时间。由空后从名词form(形式)可知，此处表示“一种形式”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，且form发音不是以元音音素开头，应用a而非an，故填a。2.考查宾语从句。句意：其次，当人们在社交媒体上发布东西时，他们倾向于只分享他们想让别人看到的东西他们生活中快乐、令人兴奋的部分。分析句子结构可知，“they want others to see”做动词share(分享)的宾语，是宾语从句，且从句中缺少see的宾语，应用what来引导，表示“所.的东西/事情”，
29、故填what。3.考查形容词比较级。句意：退出网上的一些账户可以帮你屏蔽这种社会比较，你最终会感到更快乐。此处将退出网上账户后和没有退出账户时的心情作比较，表示“退出网上账户后，你会更开心”，所以应用形容词happy的比较级happier做表语，故填happier。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AThere are many ways to get involved and volunteer at the National Museum of Americ
30、an History. Becoming a Museum Ambassador is one of them. To learn more about this volunteer program, please see the descriptions below. Museum Ambassadors at the American History Museum are a mobile source of information that helps bridge the gap between two other volunteer groups here at the museum
31、information desk specialists, who provide orientation(方向) assistance when guests arrive, and volunteer docents(讲师), who provide Highlights tours, facilitate hands-on demonstrations and circulate through many of our exhibitions to interact with visitors. Each year, our Museum Ambassadors help over 10
32、0,000 people get the most out of their visits by welcoming groups, circulating throughout the museums public zones to answer basic questions, and directing visitors to programs and exhibitions of interest. The museum has also employed the Museum Ambassadors to assist with special projects and events
33、 as needed. To learn more about what Museum Ambassadors do, check out what Larry has said, “As museum ambassadors, we get to share in the curiosity of a child, the nostalgia(怀旧) of returning visitors, the treasure hunt of students assigned to find important historical objects, and the amazement of t
34、hose experiencing our eye on the nations history for the first time. We can help recommend a meaningful museum visit just for you. Theres more. Were also traffic cops when elevators and escalators break and extra eyes for museum security.If you enjoyinteracting with diverse audiences, age groups and
35、 learning styles. working in an often busy and changing environment. If you havestrong interpersonal and communication skills. an interest in history and communication. If you cancommit to three shifts a month（weekday Ambassadors）or twice a month（weekend Ambassadors）. The museum is open 364 days a y
36、ear, including weekends and holidays. handle frequent walking, standing, and talking.To ApplyTo learn more information about the application process, please contact Ruth Shirley. NOTE: Acceptance into the program is subject to successful completion of an interview and background investigation.21. Wh
37、ich one is the responsibility of Museum Ambassadors?A. To receive visitors at the entrance.B. To take full charge of museum security.C. To direct visitors to their exhibitions of interest.D. To help visitors with hands-on demonstrations22. A qualified Museum Ambassador should_.A. enjoy communicating
38、 with peopleB. speak at least two foreign languagesC. have academic background in historyD. commit to working three shifts at weekends23. The author writes this passage mainly to_.A. introduce volunteer programs for teenagersB. provide special tours to meet different needsC. invite people to visit t
39、he American History MuseumD. attract potential applicants for Museum Ambassadors【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要通过介绍博物馆大使这个志愿者工作，来吸引有意申请博物馆大使的人士。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each year, our Museum Ambassadors help over 100,000 people get the most out of their visits by welcoming groups, circulating t
40、hroughout the museums public zones to answer basic questions, and directing visitors to programs and exhibitions of interest.”(每年，我们的博物馆大使所做的是欢迎游客，在博物馆的公共区域巡回且回答游客的基本问题，并引导参观者参观感兴趣的项目和展览，通过做这些，我们的博物馆大使帮助了超过10万人，使他们在自己的旅游参观中有最大的收获。)可知，博物馆大使的职责之一就是引导游客参观他们感兴趣的展览。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据If you have部分“strong inte
41、rpersonal and communication skills.an interest in history and communication.”(较强的人际交往和沟通能力。对历史和沟通有兴趣。)可知，一个合格的博物馆大使应该是喜欢与人交流和沟通，A项“enjoy communicating with people”(喜欢和人交流)符合，B项“speak at least two foreign languages”(至少会说两种外语)文中没有提到，C项“have academic background in history”(具有历史学术背景)文中也没有提到，文中只提到对历史感兴趣，
42、所以C不对；根据If you can部分中“twice a month (weekend Ambassadors).”(一月两次换班（周末大使）)可知，D选项“commit to working three shifts at weekends”(承诺周末三班倒)不符，故选A。3.目的意图题。通读全文可知，文章第一段主要介绍了成为博物馆大使，可以在美国历史博物馆做志愿者。第二段主要介绍了博物馆大使的职责。第三段介绍了成为博物馆大使的一些好处。接着文章从申请人的意愿，条件，要求，申请等几个方面介绍博物馆大使的工作。所以可以得知，文章主要目的是为了吸引有意申请博物馆大使的人士，故选D。BFor e
43、ight-year-old Toby. who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them dont have sign language versions. We have subtitles but it goes too fast, his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app developed by a 17-year-old student, Mariell
44、a Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she was teaching herself American Sign Language(ASL)one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Mariella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed to discover how few had signed versions.
45、Its taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extensionwith an interpreter appearing in a box once the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because tha
46、ts where Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, who works at a school for deaf children, says it was exciting watching Toby use Mariellas invention. He says, Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes
47、 to cinema and TV. A hearing person can go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure theres a suitable viewing a time were free, says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language (BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and
48、 films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things more inclusive, especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles. Stacey and Toby arent the only people to be welcoming Mariellas app. Its now got thousands of users. Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films
49、 and TV more accessible for the deaf community. Mariella is up for the challengeand hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime. There are more than 300 sign languages used worldwide, so itll take a long time to get all of t
50、hose versions out, she says.24. Mariella created SignUp because of_.A. her awareness of Tobys frustrationB. lack of signed TV shows for the deafC. her childhood memories in a cinemaD. the encouragement from her teachers25. What will be Mariellas next challenge?A. To update the app for cinemas.B. To
51、design a BSL version of the app.C. To launch a universal version of the appD. To promote the use of her app worldwide.26. Which of the following words can best describe Mariella?A. Creative and caring.B. Talented and humorous.C. Curious and fearless.D. Knowledgeable and humble.【答案】24. B 25. B 26. A【
52、解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。17岁的学生玛丽拉萨托(Mariella Satow)开发了一款名为“Signup”的手语应用程序，方便失聪人群看电影。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“he was disappointed to discover how few had signed versions. ”（她失望地发现，签名版的电视节目少之又少。）可知，开发这款软件是因为缺少服务失聪人群的电视节目。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films and TV
53、more accessible for the deaf community. Mariella is up for the challengeand hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime.(史黛西说，像Signup的一个英国版的应用程序可以让聋人团体“更容易获得”电影和电视。Mariella准备迎接这个挑战，她希望为诸如Netflixix和亚马逊Prime等其他流媒体平台制作一个她的应用程序的
54、英国手语版本)”可知，Mariella的下一个挑战是设计一个英国手语版本的应用程序。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ Its taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community.”（在美国手语教师和聋人社区的大力帮助下，Mariella花了一年的时间来开发这项技术。）可知，Mariella创造了这个软件，具有很强的创造力，再者第三段“ It only works on Disney Plus films at
55、the moment, because thats where Mariella thought she could help the most children.”（目前它只适用于Disney Plus的电影，因为玛丽拉认为她可以在那里帮助大多数孩子。）可知，她非常乐于帮助关心孩子们。故选A。CPioneers like Harvard social ecologist Stephen Kellert were among the first to champion modern biophilic design. Kellert believed that weaving nature i
56、nto living and workspaces is critical for good physical and mental health. Humans have evolved to gravitate towards nature, Kellert noted. but if we dont develop that impulse it fades. So his principles include access to natural light, air, water. plants, and gardens. Using materials such as wood an
57、d stone, natural designs such as leaf or shell patterns, and earthy colors also helps humans to feel closer to nature. Biophilic designs can be seen in cities and buildings around the world. Modern examples include the Jewel Changi Airport in Singapore, with its four-storey forest garden and worlds
58、largest indoor waterfall fed by rainwater. Or the Swedish Mirrorcube tree house hotel, mainly made of used plywood and a lightweight aluminum(铝) frame wrapped around a tree.Spectacular biophilic homes include One Central Park in Sydney apartment blocks featuring hanging gardens on the outside. The b
59、uildings recycle their own water and a suspended(悬浮的) motorized mirror system reflects sunlight down onto gardens below. Milans Bosco Verticale block is perhaps even more eyecatching with its vertical forest of 17,000 trees, bushes, and plants. Putting biophilic design to work for society could prev
60、ent millions in healthcare costs, with one study estimating annual savings of $93 million in the US alone. Hospital design in particular has historically been influenced by access to sunlight and views of nature. Modern buildings like the Khoo Teck Puat Hospital in Singapore, with its position next
61、to the waterfall of the Yishun Pond, are closely linked with their surroundings. The hospital channels outdoor air to cool the inside, and uses reflective sunshades to direct light into the wards to brighten them and save energy. The aim of these designs is to emphasize the human connection to natur
62、e by integrating buildings with the local environment. But how do we bring biophilia into our homes? Start with house plants. New smart home apps can also provide sensory nature experiences such as birdsong and a projected forest canopy, helping people to carve out a restful space indoors. But perha
63、ps the best way to transform society with biophilic designs is to start with schools. Children learn better and feel more relaxed in biophilic settings. So the Children and Nature Network is working with schools across the US to create green schoolyards for better physical and mental health and to i
64、ncrease opportunities for outdoor learning. Biophilic designers are bringing nature into classrooms through natural patterns, shapes and colors, nature photography, artwork and materials like timber and stone. Fresh air flow, green walls, and aquariums all become part of a recipe for improving healt
65、h and academic success.27. According to the passage, Stephen Kellert probably believes that_.A. humans inborn love for nature wont be lessenedB. nature can improve peoples sense of responsibilityC. humans need to appreciate and make good use of natureD. natural materials have taken priority in moder
66、n building designs28. What do the examples of biophilic designs in the passage have in common?A. They apply smart home technology.B. They promote sustainable development.C. They include waterfalls and gardens inside.D. They use local resources to cut the cost of buildings.29. From the last two parag
67、raphs, we learn that biophilic designs _.A. have greatly transformed schoolsB. help improve students performanceC. focus mainly on students mental healthD. have moved most of the classrooms outside30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Lets Invite Nature InsideB. Live
68、Naturally and SimplyC. The Best Natural Building DesignerD. Ups and Downs of Natural Buildings【答案】27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要举例子介绍了一些将自然融入生活、工作和学习中的亲生态设计，这种亲生态设计对人们的身心健康带来很大好处。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段“Humans have evolved to gravitate towards nature, Kellert noted. but if we dont develop tha
69、t impulse it fades. So his principles include access to natural light, air, water. plants, and gardens. Using materials such as wood and stone, natural designs such as leaf or shell patterns, and earthy colors also helps humans to feel closer to nature.(Kellert注意到，人类已经进化到被大自然吸引的地步。但如果我们不培养这种冲动，它就会消失
70、。所以他的原则是要接近自然光，空气，水，植物和花园。使用木材和石头等材料，设计像树叶或贝壳等自然图案，以及使用朴实的颜色，这些也有助于人类感觉更接近大自然)”可推断出，Stephen Kellert可能认为人类需要欣赏和充分利用大自然，故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Modern examples include the Jewel Changi Airport in Singapore, with its four-storey forest garden and worlds largest indoor waterfall fed by rainwater. Or the Swe
71、dish Mirrorcube tree house hotel, mainly made of used plywood and a lightweight aluminum(铝) frame wrapped around a tree.(现代的例子包括新加坡的宝石樟宜机场，它有四层的森林花园和世界上最大的室内雨水瀑布。或者瑞典镜立方树屋酒店，主要由用过的胶合板和轻质铝框架围绕在树上)”和第四段中的“Spectacular biophilic homes include One Central Park in Sydney apartment blocks featuring hanging
72、 gardens on the outside. The buildings recycle their own water and a suspended (悬浮的) motorized mirror system reflects sunlight down onto gardens below. Milans Bosco Verticale block is perhaps even more eye catching with its vertical forest of 17,000 trees, bushes, and plants.(令人叹为观止的生态住宅包括悉尼的一个中央公园公
73、寓大楼，其外侧有空中花园。建筑自身的水循环利用，悬挂的机动镜面系统将阳光反射到下面的花园。米兰的Bosco Verticale街区也许更加引人注目，因为它有17000棵树、灌木和植物组成的垂直森林)”以及第五段中的“Modern buildings like the Khoo Teck Puat Hospital in Singapore, with its position next to the waterfall of the Yishun Pond, are closely linked with their surroundings. The hospital channels ou
74、tdoor air to cool the inside, and uses reflective sunshades to direct light into the wards to brighten them and save energy.(像新加坡的Khoo Teck Puat医院这样的现代建筑，它的位置紧挨着伊顺池塘的瀑布，与周围的环境紧密相连。医院引导室外空气冷却病房内部，并使用反光遮阳板将光线引入病房以照亮病房并节省能源)”可推断出，文章列举的这些亲生态设计的共同点就是，它们都有助于促进可持续发展，故选B。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Children learn bet
75、ter and feel more relaxed in biophilic settings.(在生态环境中，孩子们学得更好，感觉更放松)”和最后一段中的“Fresh air flow, green walls, and aquariums all become part of a recipe for improving health and academic success.(流动的新鲜空气，绿色的墙壁，水族馆这些都成为改善健康和学术成功的一部分)”可知，亲生态设计有助于改善学生在学校的表现，故选B。4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要举例子介绍了一些将自然融入生活，工作和学习中的亲生
76、态设计，这种亲生态设计在一些城市中，大楼里，家中，医院，学校里等都能看到，它对人们的身心健康带来很大好处。由此可推断出，A选项“Lets Invite Nature Inside(让我们邀请大自然进来)”最适合作文章标题，故选A。DMillions watch the Oscars every year, but Im always interested in the Razzies (金酸梅奖), which recognize cinematic underachievement. For all the attention given to what we like, what we d
77、islike can be just as important, interesting and empowering.French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu saw dislike as snobbery. He saw all judgments of taste, favorable or not, as performances of class. The rich could justify their place, he argued, by claiming to have more refined tastes. Knowing which lit
78、erature or art to praise could signal to. others their rightful place at the top of society. Oversimplified his theory might be, it is not entirely wrong.Furthermore, dislikes are often used as a way not to stand apart but to fit in. It means learning the unspoken rules of whats OK to like or dislik
79、e, and to proclaim those likes or dislikes loudly for others to hear. When some of us swim against the social tide, we might be savvy (精明的) enough to label our likes as guilty pleasures, which both acknowledges the rules and apologizes for violating them. In my research, though, I found that dislike
80、 isnt just a form of snobbery. We interviewed over 200 people, a diverse group in race, age, and social class. All the interviewees tended to actively dislike media content far more when they felt they couldnt escape it. Many people cant choose the radio station thats playing at work, or whats on TV
81、 at the bar. Moreover, some of us are subjected to more annoyance than others. Remote controls, for instance, have long been seen as a special right of dads, with women and kids given less power to change the channel. Everyone turns to media hoping for specific needs to be met, but those who have th
82、ose needs realized less often are those who might dislike more often. Therefore, speaking about dislikes is an act of resistancea refusal to allow public space to be conquered by the media content that doesnt connect. Dislike can certainly transform into anger or hate but it may also take a more pla
83、yful form. Sometimes we could see people joyfully watch the object of their dislike and offer a commentary of criticism, instead of tuning out and turning off. Why? Reveling in dislike can help regain control in a world that overwhelms everyone with content. Keeping the despised shows at hand rather
84、 than avoiding them can help the dislikers speak up in the court of public opinion. Or some might enjoy their dislikes as a way to avoid ruining certain relationships. Many of us can probably relate to the experience of having a friend who insists we watch something against our will. What if, rather
85、 than resenting the show or the person, we simply embrace it in all of its embarrassing glory? By all means, pay attention to the advice to ignore the haters. But a lot can be learned by listening to the dislikers.31. According to Paragraph 3, people label their likes as guilty pleasures when they_.
86、A. follow the mainstreamB. take pride in their tasteC. set up the unspoken rulesD. try to fit into a certain group32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Dislikes can he found mostly among the rich.B Learning about literature and art is an act of snobbery.C. Expressing dislike helps maintain ones
87、social relationshipsD. Exposure to unwanted media content intensifies peoples dislike.33. What does the underlined phrase Reveling in in the text probably mean?A. Taking delight inB. Showing concern for.C. Drawing lessons from.D. Establishing connection to34. What message does the author try to conv
88、ey in this passage?A. We are encouraged to launch debates over hot issues in public.B. Staying away from the haters is a sensible means to avoid trouble.C. Embracing our dislikes can be a way to deal with power imbalanceD. The media should aim to meet the needs of different groups of audience.【答案】31
89、. D 32. D 33. A 34. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者主要讨论了我们所不喜欢的也很重要，而接受我们不喜欢的东西是一种处理权力不平衡的方法。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Furthermore, dislikes are often used as a way not to stand apart but to fit in. It means learning the unspoken rules of whats OK to like or dislike, and to proclaim those likes or dislikes loudly
90、 for others to hear. When some of us swim against the social tide, we might be savvy（精明的）enough to label our likes as guilty pleasures, which both acknowledges the rules and apologizes for violating them.(此外，不喜欢经常被用来作为一种方式，而不是与众不同，而是融入。它意味着学习那些可以喜欢或不喜欢的潜规则，并大声说出那些喜欢或不喜欢的东西让别人听到。当我们中的一些人与社会潮流背道而驰时，我们
91、可能足够聪明，将自己的喜好贴上“罪恶的快乐”的标签，这既承认了规则，也为违反了规则而道歉。)”可知，当人们试图融入某个群体时，他们会将自己的喜好贴上“罪恶的快乐”的标签。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“All the interviewees tended to actively dislike media content far more when they felt they couldnt escape it. (当受访者觉得无法逃避时，他们更倾向于主动地不喜欢媒体内容。)”和“Moreover, some of us are subjected to more ann
92、oyance than others.(此外，我们中的一些人比其他人遭受更多的烦恼。)”可推断，接触在不需要的媒体内容中会加剧人们的反感。故选D。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“Keeping the despised shows at hand rather than avoiding them can help the dislikers speak up in the court of public opinion. Or some might enjoy their dislikes as a way to avoid ruining certain relationship
93、s. (保留那些受人鄙视的节目，而不是避开它们，可以帮助那些不喜欢的人在公众舆论的法庭上畅所欲言。或者有些人可能喜欢他们不喜欢的东西，以此来避免破坏某些关系。)”可知，在一个让每个人都感到满足的世界里，着迷于不喜欢可以帮助你重新获得控制权。所以Reveling in为“深爱；酷爱；着迷”之意。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For all the attention given to what we like, what we dislike can be just as important, interesting and empowering. (对于我们所喜欢的事物所给
94、予的所有关注，我们不喜欢的事物也可以同样重要、有趣和有力量。)”和第六段“Therefore, speaking about dislikes is an act of resistancea refusal to allow public space to be conquered by the media content that doesnt connect.(因此，谈论不喜欢是一种反抗的行为拒绝让公共空间被不相连的媒体内容所征服。)”可推断，作者试图在这篇文章中传达“接受我们不喜欢的东西是一种处理权力不平衡的方法”这一观点。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，
95、从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Self-esteem is the ruling view you have of yourself. This includes your beliefs about your inner qualities and how you think others see you. _35_ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and greatly skilled. Understandin
96、g this mysterious emotional currency might be the key to unlocking your own self-worth. People with healthy self-esteem dont need to boast about themselves to others. People with low self-esteem may tell you how much everyone loves them, what a great job they do at work, and how amazing they are at
97、pretty everything under the sun even though they really wonder if its true. People may see them as obnoxious or full of themselves. _36_ They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. They also take care of themselves without second-guessing or apologizing. They a
98、re the people who we say seem sure of themselves. If youre starting to think you may have low self-esteem, you can work on the way you talk to yourself. When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor to positive reinforcements and access the courage to show different sides of yourself.
99、 It isnt going to feel good at first, though. Keep going until it becomes less and less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help. _37_ However, in serious cases of low or even non-existent self-esteem, you may want to call in a professional or a specialist. Good mental health is im
100、portant, and professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections. _38_ It is the best way to get at the roots of your real self-esteem problems. _39_ It will take some work but your entire lifefrom your relationships to your body image to your work habitswill be touched with
101、the kind of power that only comes from someone believing in themselves. This is the hardest part, and the greatest leap. With some changes and support, you can improve your self-esteem and see how everything else changes as a result.A. Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.B. You have
102、the power to shape a new self-perceptionC. This encourages you to speak openly without worry.D. The real test of character is whether they can learn from their mistakesE. Self-esteem refers to a persons overall sense of his or her value or worth.F. People with a healthy level of self-esteem present
103、themselves with a casual confidence.G. With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth.【答案】35. A 36. F 37. G 38. C 39. B【解析】【分析】文章是一篇说明文，讲述了自尊的定义，拥有健康自尊的人们的特征和低自尊人群对自身的危害，最后对于如何正确提升自尊给出了建议。【35题详解】空格下文“ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they
104、are highly functional and greatly skilled.”（有些人即使很能干、很有技能，也可能会发展出低自尊。）这个例子与空格前没有呼应，选项A“Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.”（然而，自尊并不总是根植于现实。）与这个例子存在论点和论据的关系，故选择A。【36题详解】这段第一句“People with healthy self-esteem dont need to boast about themselves to others. ”（有健康自尊的人不需要向别人吹嘘自己。）可见，整一段都在讲
105、健康自尊的人们。再者空格后“They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. ”（他们不羞于分享想法，包括对他人的建设性批评。）可知，选项F的“People with a healthy level of self-esteem ”与整段的指代一致，故选择F。【37题详解】根据空格前“When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor.Keep going until it becomes less and l
106、ess and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help.”(当你停止消极的自我对话时，你就能敞开心扉.继续，直到它变得越来越少，也许甚至是在镜子里的几个尴尬的笑可能会有帮助。)可知，讲述改变低自尊状态的方法，与选项GWith some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth.(通过一些练习和坚持，你会赢得这场内在的斗争，看到你的自我价值。),中的练习和坚持这些方法相对应，故选G。【38题详解】空格
107、前“professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections. ”（做心理治疗的专业人员不会通过判断或给予纠正。）可知，这个现象与选项C中指代的this指代一致，专业人员不会判断或者纠正，所以这将鼓励你去放开说。故选择C.【39题详解】空格后“It will take some work but your entire lifefrom your relationships to your body image to your work habits”（这需要付出一些努力，但你的整个生活从你的人际关系
108、到你的身体形象，再到你的工作习惯），可知it 指代与选项BYou have the power to shape a new self-perception(你有能力塑造一种新的自我认知)相一致，可知新的自我认知需要一些努力，但会让你受益颇多。故选择B.【点睛】第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。Leonardo Da Vinci was a genius: wildly imaginative, passionately curiou
109、s and creative across multiple disciplinespainting, architecture, aeronautics, and engineering. Yet oddly the word “genius” minimizes him by making it seem as if he were touched by lightning.His early biographer made this mistake: “Sometimes, in a supernatural fashion, a single person is gifted by h
110、eaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that seems that his every act is divine(天赐的)”. In fact, the self-taught Leonardos genius was shaped by his own will and ambition. It did not come from being the divine recipient, like Newton or Einstein. Part of what made Leonardo a genius, what
111、 set him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart, was creativity. His talent for combining observation with fantasy allowed him to make unexpected leaps that related things seen to things unseen. Leonardo was also a very human genius. He made mistakes. He left a trail of unfinished pr
112、ojects, flying machines that never flew, tanks that never rolled. “Tell me if ever I did a thingTell me if anything was ever made.”His flawed humanity makes Leonardo more accessible. Even though we may never be able to match his talents, we can learn from him and try to be more like him. His life of
113、fers a wealth of lessons. Seek knowledge for its own sake. Not all knowledge needs to be useful. Sometimes it should be pursued for pure pleasure. Leonardo did not need to know how heart valves work to paint the Mona Lisa, nor did he need to figure out how fossils got to the top of mountains to prod
114、uce Virgin of the Rocks. By allowing himself to be driven by pure curiosity, he got to explore more horizons and see more connections.Keep a childlike sense of wonder. At a certain point in life, most of us quit puzzling over everyday phenomena. We might savor the beauty of a blue sky, but we no lon
115、ger bother to wonder why it is that color. Leonardo did.Be curious observe things, see things unseen, respect facts, be open to mystery.We can never learn enough from Leonardo.40. What set Da Vinci apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart?41. Why was Da Vinci regarded as a very human g
116、enius?42. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in Paragraph 143. Which quality of Da Vincis do you appreciate most? How can it benefit you in your life?（In about 40 words）【答案】40 Creativity./ Creativity sets Da Vinci apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart. 41. Because he made mis
117、takes and he left a trail of unfinished projects, such as flying machines that never flew and tanks that never rolled. 42. The word “genius” fails to describe his greatness, because it leaves people with the impression / leaves the impression on people that his achievements come entirely from his ta
118、lent. 43. One possible version: I appreciate the quality of being curious most. Because being curious can force me to keep learning new knowledge. If I am curious about one problem, I will refer to some books to get a better understanding of the knowledge.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了达芬奇是一个有创造力，有人类本性的天才。他
119、充满好奇心，善于观察事物，尊重事实，接受神秘等这些品质，值得我们学习。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“what set him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart, was creativity.”(将他与那些只是非常聪明的人区别开来的是创造力)可知，是创造力将达芬奇与那些只是非常聪明的人区别开来，故答案为Creativity.或Creativity sets him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart.。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“L
120、eonardo was also a very human genius. He made mistakes. He left a trail of unfinished projects, flying machines that never flew, tanks that never rolled.”(列奥纳多也是一个非常有人类本性的天才。他犯了错误。他留下了一系列未完成的项目从没飞过的飞行器，从没启动过的坦克。)可知，达芬奇也犯错，而且还留下一系列未完成的项目，比如从没飞过的飞行器和从没启动过的坦克，所以达芬奇被认为是一个有人类本性的天才，故答案为Because he made mis
121、takes and he left a trail of unfinished projects, such as flying machines that never flew and tanks that never rolled.3.推理判断题。根据下文“His early biographer made this mistake: “Sometimes, in a supernatural fashion, a single person is gifted by heaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that
122、seems that his every act is divine(天赐的)”. In fact, the self-taught Leonardos genius was shaped by his own will and ambition. It did not come from being the divine recipient, like Newton or Einstein.”(他早期的传记作者犯了这样一个错误:“有时候，以一种超自然的方式，一个人被上天赐予了如此多的美丽、优雅和才华，似乎他的每一个行为都是天赐的”。事实上，自学成才的达芬奇，他的天才是由他自己的意志和雄心塑造
123、的。他不像牛顿或爱因斯坦那样，接受了上天的恩赐)可知，达芬奇的天才并不是天赐的，而是他自己的意志和雄心塑造的，所以画线句子“the word “genius” minimizes him by making it seem as if he were touched by lightning”表面意思为：“天才”这个词把他贬低到了极点，让他看起来像是被闪电击中了。因此划线句表示的是“天才”这个词不能表达他的伟大，让让人们错误地以为，他的天才是上天恩赐的，但实际上是他自己的意志和雄心塑造的，故答案为The word “genius” fails to describe his greatness
124、, because it leaves people with the impression / leaves the impression on people that his achievements come entirely from his talent.4.开放题。根据最后一段中的“Be curious, observe things, see things unseen, respect facts, be open to mystery”(要有好奇心，观察事物，看到看不见的东西，尊重事实，接受神秘)可知，这些都是达芬奇的品质，以好奇心为例，谈谈好奇心对自己生活的好处。故答案为：
125、One possible version: I appreciate the quality of being curious most. Because being curious can force me to keep learning new knowledge. If I am curious about one problem, I will refer to some books to get a better understanding of the knowledge.第二节（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将组织英文演讲比赛，主题为“Together fo
126、r a Shared Future”（北京冬奥会口号）。请你写一篇演讲稿，倡议同学们以实际行动共迎冬奥，内容包括：1.对该口号的理解；2.具体倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Good morning, everyone!_Thats all. Thank you.【答案】 Good morning, everyone!Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is coming and I feel so excited. And I think all of you also have the same feeling. As we all
127、 know, the slogan of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is “Together for a Shared Future”, which means a lot. In the context of the global response to COVID-19, Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics advocates that we should work through the difficulties together in the future. Besides, it also expresses the aspira
128、tion of people for a better future.As students, what can we do for the coming Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics? At first, we should be civilized so that we can carry forward the national spirit and display the national culture. On top of that, we should be polite. When seeing foreign friends, we should
129、warmly help them, making them feel the enthusiasm of our Chinese. I hope all of you can do this.Thats all. Thank you.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，倡议同学们以实际行动共迎冬奥，内容包括：对该口号的理解；具体倡议。【详解】1.词汇积累提倡：advocatecall for首先：at firstfirst of all此外：besidesin addition帮助某人：help sb.do sb. a favor2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：On
130、top of that, we should be polite.拓展句：On top of that, we should be polite, which is a necessity for everyone.【点睛】高分句型1 As we all know, the slogan of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is “Together for a Shared Future”, which means a lot. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)高分句型2 When seeing foreign friends, we should warmly help them, making them feel the enthusiasm of our Chinese. (运用了省略句和非谓语动词做状语)
