1、Section Learning About Language.核心词汇及拓展1_ n. 创业者；企业家 2_ adj. 社会主义的n. 社会主义者3_ adj. 共产主义的n. 共产主义者4_ adj. 贪婪的；贪心的_ adv. 贪婪地；贪心地_ n. 贪婪；贪心5_ vt.做(不合法的、错的或愚蠢的事)；犯(错误或罪行)；使承担义务，作出保证_ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的_ n责任；义务；承诺；奉献；投入6_ n接待员_ n接待_ vt.接待7_ vt.把奉献给_ adj.有献身精神的；专心致志的8_ vt.控告；控诉；谴责_ n控告；指责；谴责9_ 得出结论.核心词汇讲解1justic
2、e n公平；公正；合理just adj. 公正的，公平的；正义的justify vt. 证明正当/有理； 为辩护Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。Your state of anxiety does not justify your being so rude to me.你焦虑的状况不能成为你对我如此粗鲁的正当理由。Law is just.法律是公平的。 即学即练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。He demanded, with some _ (just), that he should be given an opportunity to e
3、xpress his views.They found it hard _ (justice) their sons giving up a secure wellpaid job.联想拓展just adv.“恰好”“反之”“此时”“眼下”That is just what I think.我正是这样想的。I came just to see you.我来只是为看你。He was just about to dive when he saw the shark.他刚要跳水，突然看见了鲨鱼。2accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控/指责某人
4、(做)某事accusation n. 指控；谴责；控告Are you accusing me of lying?你在指责我说谎吗？Accusations of corruption have been made against him.(人们)已经提出对他贪污的控告。 即学即练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The _ (accuse) man was asked to give his name.The_ (accuse) is wholly without foundation.The company was accused_ failing to safeguard t
5、he public.归纳拓展表达“控告”“责备”的搭配有accuse sb. of (doing) sth.charge sb. with (doing) sth.blame sb. for (doing) sth.3come to conclusion(reach/draw a conclusion)得出结论in conclusionto conclude 总之，最后，结论是conclude vi. 完成，结束；vt. 得出结论conclude.from. 从得出结论conclude that. 得出结论It is concluded that. 结论是conclude with/by do
6、ing. 以结束So what can we conclude from this debate?那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？The inquiry concluded that the accident had been caused by human error.调查结果认为，事故是人为失误造成的。It was concluded that the level of change necessary would be low.得出的结论是，必要的变更程度将很低。No scientific argument should begin or conclude with the word
7、s “Trust me”任何科学论述都不应以“相信我”开头或结束。I would like to conclude by saying that I do enjoy your magazine.最后，我想说我的确很喜欢你们的杂志。 即学即练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。What can you conclude _ these observations?Perhaps I ought to conclude _ a slightly more lighthearted question.Ive come to the _ (conclude) that hes not t
8、he right person for the job._ conclusion, Id like to thank you for all youve done for me.Some people jumped hurriedly to_(conclusion) that something must be wrong.4commit(committed, committed, committing) vt. 犯(错误或罪行)；做(错事等)；(使)保证，(使)承诺；花(时间、钱等); vi.全心全意投入(工作等)commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/错commit sb./o
9、neself to (doing) sth. 保证某人/某人自己(做) 某事commit to sb./sth. 忠于某人/全心全意投入 某事commit. to. 把投入Smoking is committing suicide slowly.吸烟等于慢性自杀。The government committed itself to reducing taxes.政府承诺减税。 即学即练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Usually the most awkward email mistake _ (commit) in anger.But he quickly found t
10、hat he loved playing this instrument, and was committed _ practising it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well._ (commit) to serving people in her neighbourhood, she was honoured one of the Top Ten Teenagers.联想拓展commitment n责任；义务；承诺；奉献；投入make a commitment作出承诺A career as an
11、actor requires one hundred percent commitment.干演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的be committed to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事The world is committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund.世界各国致力于设立气候变化适应基金。Discover Useful StructuresGrammar简单句、并列句和主从复合句新知导引诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1The red sun rises in the
12、east.2Stop the child or he will be falling over.3His parents have worked in the company for ten years.4He was ill for a week, and during that week he ate nothing.5I dont like the way he eyed me.6When he came in, I was reading.7He likes swimming.8Please pass me the book whose cover is green.9He was l
13、ate because it rained.共性呈现1所有画线部分均为包括主语和谓语(部分)的完成句子(祈使句省略了主语)。2句1,3,7为简单句；句2,4为并列句；句5,6,8,9为复合句。语法精释简单句、并列句和主从复合句在英语中，句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1简单句简单句只含有一个主谓结构。 .我的妈妈是一名教师。 .时光飞逝。 .他问了我一个问题。 .我发现这本书很有趣。特别注意简单句只有一个主谓结构。简单句可以有两个及以上的主语，也可以有两个及以上的谓语，但是句子中的主谓结构只能有一个。Computers mean a lot to human beings and are
14、paid more and more attention to by people.计算机对人类意义重大，并越来越受到人们的关注。(两个谓语，一个主语)2并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成的句子称作并列句。这些独立分句处于平等的、互不依从的并列地位，常用连词或分号连接。(1)表示并列关系的连词常见的表示并列关系的连词有：and，both.and.，not only. but(also)., neither. nor.等。They are watching TV and the others are reading.他们在看电视，而其他人在读书。(2)表示转折关系的并列连词常见的表示转折关系的并
15、列连词有：but，yet，whereas等。They rushed to the hospital, but they were too late.他们急忙赶往医院，但是已经太迟了。The car is old, but it is in good condition.这辆车旧了，但车况很好。(3)表示选择关系的并列连词常见的表示选择关系的并列连词有：or，either. or.，notbut等。Wear your coat or youll catch a cold.把大衣穿上，不然你会感冒的。Either he could not come or he did not want to.他要
16、么是不能来，要么就是不想来。(4)表示因果关系的并列连词常见的表示因果关系的并列连词有：for，so等。He shook his head, for he thought differently.他摇摇头，因为他想的不一样。The door was locked, so we couldnt get in.门上锁了，所以我们进不去。(5)含并列连词的特殊句式：祈使句(，)and/or主谓结构；名词短语(，)and主谓结构。Come here on time tomorrow morning, or you will miss a good chance.明早要按时来，否则你会失去一个好机会。A
17、nother five minutes(，)and Ill finish the composition.再给我五分钟我就能完成作文了。特别注意so不能与because连用。but不能与although/though连用，但yet, still(副词)可与although/though连用。3主从复合句主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子。复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构。主句是复合句的主体，从句需要由一个从属连词(如that/what/why/how/if等)引导，修饰说明主句或主句中的某个词或短语，不能独立存在。从句可以分为三大类：定语从句、名词性从句(包括主语
18、从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)、状语从句(包括时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、结果、目的、比较状语从句)。This is the room in which he lived five years ago.这就是他五年前居住的房间。(定语从句)That he will come to the discussion is certain.他肯定会来参加讨论的。(主语从句)What I have told you is important.我告诉你的事很重要。(主语从句)I want to know whether you still work in the factory.我想知道你
19、是否还在这家工厂工作。(宾语从句)The question is whether we can finish the work by tomorrow.问题是我们是否能在明天之前完成这项工作。(表语从句)The news that he won the game was incorrect.他赢得比赛的消息是不实的。(同位语从句)When he returns，Ill tell him the news.当他回来时，我会告诉他这个消息。(时间状语从句)Bamboo grows best where climate is very hot.竹子在气候炎热的地方长势最好。(地点状语从句)As lo
20、ng as we dont lose heart, well find a way to deal with the problem.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到解决这个问题的办法。(条件状语从句)Well try to finish the work though we are short of money.尽管我们资金短缺，我们照样会努力完成工作。(让步状语从句)I had taken an early bus so that I got there in time.我乘了早班公共汽车，所以才及时到了那里。(结果状语从句)联想拓展其后常接同位语从句的名词有：fact, fear, hope
21、, possibility, news, suggestion, desire, thought, problem, idea等。 即学即练1判断下列复合句中含有什么从句，并用“()”标出从句。I wondered if it would grow any larger._We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or to fight the government._Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard
22、 for their event will be admitted._Word came that he lost his life in the war to save another soldier._True friends are who share your happiness as well as sadness._After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery._The judge doesnt consider what each eyewitness looks like._Native speake
23、rs can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English._2在空白处填入1个适当的单词。He was very tired of doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy because the crops grew higher._ she is very busy, she still devotes a lot of time to her children.He got up early that morning _ he coul
24、d attend the meeting on time.I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered _ the boy would do.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived.Read this story, _ yo
25、u will realise that not everything can be bought with money.The hospital was built _ there had been a square.It was the first time _ I had come to live and study in a completely strange city._ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.分析下面的长难句并翻译1Instead, if there had bee
26、n any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.【分析】本句为复合句。if引导的是_句，表示对过去的虚拟，所以本句中条件状语从句使用过去完成时there had been；主句使用would have done结构。【句意】_2By translating the rich and humorous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakes
27、peares comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.【分析】在本句中，By translating.BSL为_状语，第二个and连接creates和aims两个动词，作并列谓语。【句意】_3The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in
28、 the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.(同位语从句、让步状语从句)【分析】本句的主干是“The friendship had its root in the fact.”。其中，grew out of.later为that引导的_从句，修饰先行词friendship；后面的although there was.live TV为that引导的_从句，解释说明fact的内容。此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个although引导的
29、_从句。【句意】_4We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put something backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.(同位语从句、条件状语从句、定语从句)【分析】本句中，that引导_从句，解释说明bel
30、ief的内容；同位语从句中包含了一个if引导的_从句；破折号后出现了一个who引导的_从句，修饰先行词kids。【句意】_5Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.【分析】本句中a requirement为_语，是对前面的内容作补充说明，pilots would find relat
31、ively easy to meet是_从句，省略了充当宾语的关系代词that或which，修饰先行词requirement。【句意】_.完成句子1穿过屋顶矗立着太阳之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun, _ stands a 160foottall Tree of Life.2这对老年夫妇结婚40年了，两人从来没有争吵过一次。The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _.3我希望住在空气新鲜、人们友好的地方。I h
32、ope to live _.4她将自己置于危险的境地，而且很有可能丢掉性命。Shes got herself into a dangerous situation _.5是否要举行会议仍然是一个问题。_ is still a problem.Section Learning About Language新知感知自学导引.核心词汇及拓展1entrepreneur2.socialistmunist4.greedygreedilygreedmitcommittedcommitment6.receptionistreceptionreceive7.dedicatededicated8.accuseac
33、cusatione to a conclusion.核心词汇讲解1justiceto justify2accusedaccusationof3fromwithconclusionInconclude4is committedtoCommittedDiscover Useful StructuresGrammar简单句、并列句和主从复合句语法精讲难点透析1宾语从句；(if it would grow any larger)定语从句；(in which we had either to accept we were less important, or to fight the governmen
34、t)宾语从句；(we were less important)定语从句；(who have reached the agreed standard for their event)同位语从句；(that he lost his life in the war to save another soldier)表语从句；(who share your happiness as well as sadness)主语从句：(what happened to the Amber Room)宾语从句；(what each eyewitness looks like)状语从句；(even if they d
35、ont speak the same kind of English)2but/yet/whereasThough/Althoughsothatwhatuntil/tillandwherethatWhat课时达标随堂自测.分析下面的长难句并翻译1虚拟条件相反，如果有任何交谈，那会导致我们学到较少的东西。2方式通过把爱的徒劳那丰富、幽默的文本翻译成手语，Deafinitely剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧新的解释，通过向失聪人群和听力健全人群演出，旨在在失聪和有声世界之间搭建一座桥梁。3定语同位语让步状语拍电影和四年后出演The Sting的经历所建立起来的友谊源于一个事实：尽管我们存在年龄差距，
36、但我们都源自戏剧和直播电视的传统。4同位语条件状语定语我们有着这样的信念如果你足够幸运获得成功，就应该有所回馈。他成立了Newmans Own食品公司和为病重的孩子成立了Hole in the Wall夏令营，而我成立了圣丹斯协会和电影节。5同位定语Terrafugia说机主需要通过测试并且完成20个小时的飞行时间才能驾驶Transition，这一要求对于飞行员来说相对容易满足。.完成句子1inside which2have they quarreled with each other3where the air is fresh and people are friendly4where/in which shes likely to lose her life5Whether the meeting will be held
