1、2014-2015学年高中英语（贵州）同步教案（4）：M3 My First Ride on a Train（外研版必修1）Period 4Integrating Skills1.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点如frighten和track等的用法。2.掌握重点短语out of date和for the first time的用法,把握形式主语句式和现在分词作状语的用法。3.积累语言学习的技巧,形成适合自己的语言学习策略。1.在具体语境中掌握词汇的基本含义、词性及基本用法。2.通过实际运用巩固重要语言点的学习。重点单词1.vt. 使吃惊;惊吓2. n. 幼儿园3. n. 纪念品4. n. 面试;
2、面谈5. n.足迹;轨道6. n. 事件7. adj.疲惫不堪的8. n.真空重点短语1. of date 过时的2. the first time第一次3. the 在二十世纪三十年代4. a speed of 以的速度重点句式Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.写作讲座旅行类写作自我核对重点单词: 1.frighten2.kindergarten3.
3、souvenir4.interview5.track6.event7.exhausted8.vacuum重点短语:1.out2.for3.In; 1930s4.at品句填空1.This is a great e that concerns the future of our company.2.They uncovered the statue at the beginning of the (仪式).3.Theres one good Italian restaurant in the d area.4.Dont be late for your jo
4、b (面试).5.Those e children went to bed quickly.6.The little baby was (惊吓) by the fierce dog.7.We had an outing to the (海边) this summer.8.Adventures in the Heavenly Palace is my favorite c.【答案】1.event2.ceremony3.downtown4.interview5.exhausted6.frightened7.seaside8.cartoonfrighten v.to make sb suddenly
5、 feel afraid阅读下列句子,注意frighten的意思及用法。(2014安徽)She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.她现在已经开始把扬声器放到田里,看是否能吓跑大象。They frightened that boy away.他们把那男孩吓跑了。Flying frightens some people to death.坐飞机使一些人非常害怕。He was frightened at the noise.他被这响声吓了一跳。通过观察以上句子,我们
6、发现frighten是(1)词,意思是“(2)”。【答案】(1)动(2)使害怕;惊吓fright n.惊吓frightened adj.受惊的;恐惧的frightening adj.可怕的frightened表示人的感受,常修饰人或说明人的感受的表情等。frightening用来修饰使人害怕的人或事物。.选词填空frightening; frightened; fright(1)Its really a experience.(2)A cry came from the child.(3)Hearing the news, our faces turned pale wit
7、h .【答案】(1)frightening(2)frightened(3)fright .单项填空There is a look on her face. She must have seen something horrible.A.fright B.frightenC.frightenedD.frightening【答案与解析】C句意:她脸上有害怕的表情,她一定是看到了可怕的事情。脸上的表情说明的是害怕的心理,因此选择frightened。for the first time阅读下列句子,注意for the first time的意思及用法。(2014陕西)My father took m
8、e out camping for the first time when I was seven.我七岁时,我的父亲第一次带我出来露营。He came to the countryside for the first time. 他第一次来到农村。I took an airplane for the first time in my life.我有生以来第一次坐飞机。通过观察以上句子,我们发现for the first time的意思是“(1)”,在句中作(2)。【答案】(1)第一次(2)状语in time及时;迟早on time按时;准时 at times时常at a time一次 in
9、no time立刻at one time曾经;一度 for the first time表示“第一次”。使用时作状语,不可引导句子the first time表示“第一次;首次”。名词短语用作连词,可引导句子完成句子(1)I saw the sea in my life.我生平第一次见到海。(2)He fell in love with it he got to Guilin.他第一次去桂林就喜欢上了那个地方。【答案】(1)for the first time(2)the first timeTravelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per ho
10、ur, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.以超过400公里的时速,火车在 8 分钟内就完成了30公里的路程。Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour是现在分词短语作原因状语, 与主语train是主动关系。at a speed of “以的速度”。per hour“每小时”。30-kilometre是合成形容词,作定语修饰journey。要注意这样的合成形容词多作前置定语。如:a three-day trip一段三天的旅途,相当于a t
11、rip of three days。这辆车正以每小时50公里的速度行驶。【答案】The car is running at a speed of 50 kilometers per hour.完成句子(1)He moves (很迅速地).(2)He swims (以很慢的速度).(3)When the police arrived,they ran (以全速).【答案】(1)with great speed(2)at a very slow speed(3)at full / top speed.单项填空(2014江西)nearly all our money, we couldnЙ
12、011;t afford to stay at a hotel.A.Having spentB.To spentC.SpentD.To have spent【答案与解析】A考查现在分词作状语。动词spend与句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系,所以使用现在分词spending的形式,而本句动词是发生在谓语动词之前的,所以使用现在分词的完成式。句意:几乎把所有的钱都花完了,我们没有钱住宾馆了。旅行类写作假如你是小明,你的美国朋友David说他将在六月初来中国。请你根据下表提供的信息向他推荐以下两个旅游点。词数100左右。地点山东青岛四川岷山特色避暑胜地环境幽雅风景秀丽山上名寺甚多 历史悠久价格10
13、00 元500 元时间5 天4 天 1.命题分析以旅行、旅游类为题材的高考书面表达是比较常见的一类。该类题材的书面表达内容丰富,体裁多样,有的属于记叙文,有的属于应用文,还有的属于说明文。(1)游记类的写作属于记叙文。游记就是将自己在游览过程中的所见、所闻和所想记录下来。游记类文章主要是向人们介绍风光景点、名胜古迹、风土人情等,抒发自己参观游览的体验感受。游记类写作也要参照一定的写作顺序,可以按照旅游日程的时间顺序来写,也可以按照旅游景点的更换来推进文章的进展,这样才能使文章条理清晰、层次清楚。在记叙的过程中应该多注意对景点本身的描述,如其历史、地理位置、景色等,这样能够使文章的内容充实饱满。
14、 (2)推荐类和介绍类的写作属于说明文。内容方面主要是推荐旅游计划、介绍景点等。在写推荐类的文章时,作者要注意所推荐事物大多是读者所不熟悉的,因此要就其大致情况进 行介绍。接着要具体阐明推荐的原因。最后可以和读者交流感受、经验等。介绍类文章的主要时态为一般现在时。 (3)建议类和询问、 请求类的属于应用文。 该类的作文内容方面主要是给出一些旅游建议。 大多是以建议信的方式。建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告的信函。写建议信首先要说明写信的目的;其次,要就某一问题提出自己的建议或看法;最后表达希望采纳建议或者以期盼收到回信来结尾。2.布局谋篇(1)动笔之前,认真审题认真审题非常重要。
15、看到考题后,先不要急于动笔,要仔细看清题目的要求。根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面,确定短文的中心思想。 (2)围绕中心,拟定提纲书面表达评分原则有四条:内容要点;运用词汇和语法结构的数量;运用语法结构和词汇的准确性;上下文的连贯性。由此可见,要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点,同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力,把情景中给出的各要点逐条列出。根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾,设想几个承上启下的连词,将主要句型、关键词语草草记下,形成提纲,写作时切忌结构
16、分散,废话连篇,严重跑题。注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定字数太多。(3)语言通顺,表达准确1)避免使用汉语式英语,尽量用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用,以避免重复呆板。2)多用简单句型,记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。3)注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用:语态、时态要准确无误;主谓语要一致,主语的人称和数要和谓语一致;注意人称代词的宾格形式;注意冠词的用法,例如: He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a;注意拼写、标点符号和大小写。(4)描写人物时,要生动具体,例如:外表特征
17、:tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。 服饰颜色:red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。内心境界:glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。感情描写:love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。动作描写:come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。(5)上下文要连贯上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则,因此同学们
18、应把写好的句子,根据故事情节,事情发生的先后次序(时间或空间),使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理,使文章连贯、自然、流畅。3.写作模板Dear David,I am glad to hear that .Id like to recommend .Qingdao is one of the most .The climate there is . visit this city every summer.The other is Minshan Mountain.It is famous for .There are many old famous temples
19、 there.If you are interested in , it is definitely worth seeing.As for the cost, , while .Both of these places are well worth visiting and I highly recommend them.I hope you have a good trip!Yours sincerely,Xiaoming4.词汇翻译(1)六月初 (2)推荐青岛和岷山(3)最漂亮的海滨城市之一(4)值得观看 (5)旅行快乐【答案】(1)at the beginning of June(2)
20、recommend Qingdao and Minshan Mountain(3)one of the most beautiful coastal cities(4)be worth seeing / visiting(5)have a good trip5.翻译句子(1)我想推荐青岛和岷山作为你在这里旅游时的景点。(2)那里的气候非常温和,会让你感到放松、舒适。(3)如果你对爬山和参观庙宇感兴趣,这里无疑值得参观。【答案】(1)Id like to recommend Qingdao and Minshan Mountain as sights to see while
21、 you are here.(2)The climate there is very mild and can make you feel very relaxed and comfortable.(3)If you are interested in climbing mountains and visiting temples, it is definitely worth seeing.Dear David, Im so glad to hear that you are coming to China at the beginning of June. Ih
22、9011;d like to recommend Qingdao and Minshan Mountain as sights to see while you are here. Qingdao is one of the most beautiful coastal cities in China and a wonderful place to spend summer. The climate there is very mild and can make you feel very relaxed and comfortable. Tens of thousands of peopl
23、e from all around the world visit this city every summer. Minshan Mountain is famous for its beautiful scenery and long history. There are many old famous temples there. If you are interested in climbing mountains and visiting temples,it is definitely worth seeing.As for the cost, a five-day tour ar
24、ound Qingdao may cost you 1,000 yuan, while a four-day tour of Minshan Mountain could cost around 500 yuan. Both of these places are well worth visiting and I highly recommend them. I hope you have a good trip! Yours sincerely, Xiaoming写作素材中提供的信息较多,作者能全面准确地组织信息。全文条理清晰,层次分明,句式结构富有变化,使文章显得优雅。文中恰当地使用了一
25、些表达,如at the beginning of June;Tens of thousands of people from all around the world;As for the cost等。选词填空exhausted; frighten; out of date; for the first time; at a speed of1.Youd better not wear that because long skirts have been for years.2.Trained hawks were used to off little birds.3.We
26、 were all after the journey.4. I saw my fathers broad smile.5.Youll be fined if you drive more than 80 miles per hour on this road. 【答案】1.out of date2.frighten3.exhausted4.For the first time5.at a speed of 用括号内单词的适当形式填空(1)After seeing the film Final Destination 6, the boy was to
27、walk home alone in the dark.(frighten)(2)Feeling ,Tim himself to online games every day.(abandon)(3)Because Annie made good preparations for the job , the thought highly of her and she finally got through with it.(interview)【答案】(1)frightening; frightened; frightened(2)abandoned; abandons(3)interview
28、; interviewer.写作风暴1.Study Topic审清主题(5分钟)教师任务:配图短文,示范启发,引出话题,确定要素。学生任务:看、听、思考;回答问题。ITEMSDETAILSTimePlacesPersonsTransportWhat to doWeatherHow we feel2.Collect Material搜集素材 (5分钟)教师任务:头脑风暴,控制范围,划分小组,抽取素材。学生任务:配合教师,积极参与,丰富素材,按序领取。3.Make Sentences编写句子 (10分钟)教师任务:要求造句,灵活指导,随机提问。学生任务:组内分工,选词造句,协调合作。4.Modif
29、y Tenses提示技巧(与上一步同步进行)教师任务:提示人称,强调时态。学生任务:组内分工,选词造句,协调合作。5.Write a Paragraph/Paragraphs连句成文(10分钟)教师任务:要求成文,讲解方法,汇集作品。学生任务:连句成文,听清讲解,展示短文。6.Evaluate the Composition通篇评价(15分钟)教师任务:组织学生,分组点评,评选佳文,经验总结。学生任务:参与评比,发表评论,修改文章,整体归纳。【答案】略温馨贴士本课时的核心部分是“旅游类写作”,思维导图如下:.完形填空Today Is a GiftTwo men, both seriously
30、ill, occupied the same hospital room.One man was allowed to 1 in his bed for an hour each afternoon.His bed was next to the rooms only 2.The other man had to spend all his time 3 on his back.Every afternoon when the man in the bed by the window could sit up, he would 4 the time by describi
31、ng to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window.According to his 5, the window overlooked(俯视) a park with a 6 lake.Ducks and swans played 7 the water while children 8 their model boats.Young lovers walked arm in arm among flowers of every color of the rainbow.9 the man by the windo
32、w described all these in detail, the man on the other side of the room would close his eyes and 10 the pretty scene.Days and weeks passed.One morning the man by the window died 11 in his sleep.The nurse called the hospital attendants to 12 the body away.The other man asked if he could be moved next
33、to the window.The nurse was happy to make the 13, and after making sure he was 14, she left him alone.Slowly, painfully(痛苦地), he raised himself up to 15 his first look at the world 16.To his surprise, he could see nothing but a blank wall.Later the nurse told him that his roommate was 17 and could n
34、ot even see the wall.There is great happiness in 18 others happy, despite our own situations.Shared grief(痛苦) is half the sorrow, but happiness when 19, is doubled.If you want to feel rich, just 20 all of the things you have that money cant buy.Today is a gift.Thats why it is cal
35、led the present.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过两个同住一间病房的病人的故事告诉我们:即便我们身处逆境,给别人带来快乐也能成为一种幸福。1.A.sit upB.get upC.stand upD.set up【答案与解析】A其中一个病人被允许每天下午在床上坐起来一个小时。根据句意及语境可知,A项为正确答案。2.A.doorB.wallC.windowD.bookshelf【答案与解析】C根据第2段首句“Every afternoon when the man in the bed by the window could sit up”可知,第一个人的床靠近窗户。3.
36、A.patientB.flatC.satisfiedD.deep【答案与解析】Bflat“伸平的;平展的”。根据句意及语境可知,床是平展的。4.A.wasteB.passC.spendD.pay【答案与解析】Bwaste“浪费”;pass“打发(时间)”;spend“花(时间或钱)”;pay“花钱”。根据语境可知,这个人通过向他的室友介绍窗外的景象来消磨时光。5.A.wisdomB.opinionC.performanceD.description【答案与解析】D根据句意及语境,可知这里指病人在描述窗外的温馨场面。6.A.likelyB.lovelyC.uglyD.lonely【答案与解析】B
37、根据下文“Ducks and swans played 7 the water while children8their model boats.Young lovers walked arm in arm among flowers of every color of the rainbow”可知,第一个病人描述的是一个温馨幸福的场面。7.A.underB.inC.aboveD.on【答案与解析】D根据常识,鸭、鹅等水禽通常在水面上嬉戏。8.A.droveB.rodeC.sailedD.sold【答案与解析】C鸭、鹅在水上嬉戏,孩子们却在漂浮玩具船。9.A.AsB.BeforeC.Since
38、D.Though【答案与解析】A这里指一个人描述时,另一个人在闭着眼睛想象。10.A.imagineB.guessC.remarkD.impress【答案与解析】Aimagine“想象;设想”;guess“推测;猜测”;remark“注意到;陈述”;impress“使记住;使深深感到”。根据语境及句意可知选A项。11.A.painfullyB.peacefullyC.patientlyD.cruelly【答案与解析】B一天早上,睡在窗户边的那位病人在睡梦中静静地死去了。painfully“痛苦地”;peacefully“宁静地;安静地”;patiently“有耐心地”;“cruelly 残忍地
39、”。12.A.takeB.putC.throwD.keep【答案与解析】A护士叫医院的护工把病人的尸体抬走。take.away“带走”;put.away“收拾;储存”;throw.away“扔掉”;keep.away“不接近;远离”。13.A.bedB.changeC.faceD.sense【答案与解析】Bmake the bed“铺床;整理卧具”;make the change“做出改变”;make a face“做鬼脸”;make sense“有意义;讲得通”。根据语境及句意可知选B项。14.A.comfortableB.asleepC.silentD.brave【答案与解析】A在确保病人
40、感到舒服之后,护士独自离开了。comfortable“舒适的”;asleep“睡着的”;silent“沉默的”;brave“勇敢的”。15.A.catchB.takeC.getD.do【答案与解析】B他缓慢而痛苦地起身第一次向窗外看了一眼。take / have a look at是固定搭配,意为“看一眼”。16.A.insideB.outsideC.besideD.downstairs【答案与解析】B这里指窗外,用outside“在外面”。17.A.lameB.deafC.blindD.dumb【答案与解析】C根据下文“could not even see the wall”可知,第一个病人
41、甚至不能看见墙,当然他的眼睛是“瞎的”。18.A.keepingB.makingC.gettingD.having【答案与解析】B这里make sb happy意为“使某人高兴”。根据语境及句意可知选B项。19.A.sharedB.admiredC.admittedD.appreciated【答案与解析】A忧伤被分享变成一半,幸福被分享变成双倍。share“分享”;admire“羡慕”;admit“承认”;appreciate“欣赏”。20.A.abandonB.receiveC.valueD.beg【答案与解析】C珍惜钱都买不到的东西。abandon“抛弃”;receive“收到”;valu
42、e“珍惜”;beg“请求”。.阅读理解Today, Mount Qomolangmas peak is not a lonely place any more.More than 3,500 people have successfully climbed the 8,844.43m mountainand more than a tenth of that number reached the peak just over the past year.More and more people try to test themselves against Qomolangm
43、a, many a time the mount can be very crowded.Climbers have complained(抱怨) about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks on the way to the peak.If bad weather strikes, climbers can and do die.But the dangerous crowds arent the only problem on Qomolangma. All those climbers need to bring a lot
44、of gearand much of it ends up being left on the mountain, sometimes even the peak itself.Mount Qomolangma is becoming the worlds tallest rubbish dump.Heres mountaineer Mark Jenkins writing in National Geographic about the state of Qomolangma: “The two standard routes, t
45、he Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are not only dangerously crowded but also badly polluted.”But the good news is that some mountaineers are taking it upon themselves to clean up Qomolangma.Mountaineer Paul Thelen and his friend Eberhard Schaaf are part of the annual(年度的) Eco Everest Expedi
46、tion, which has been cleaning up rubbish from base camp to the peak since 2008.So far theyve collected over 13 tons of rubbish.Some of that rubbish is even being used for a higher purpose.As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1.5 tons of
47、rubbish brought down the mountain by climbers.【语篇解读】攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人越来越多,导致那里变成了一个垃圾场。1.What do we learn about the bottlenecks on the way to Mount Qomolangmas peak?A.They are relatively safe.B.They are often crowded.C.They are very easy to pass.D.They are sites of base camps.【答案与解析】B细节题。根据第1段中的句子
48、“.many a time the mount can be very crowded”及“Climbers have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks on the way to the peak”可知,由于登山的人越来越多,珠峰上变得很拥挤,登山者经常需要在狭窄路段等候几个小时才能通行。故选B项。2.What does the underlined word “gear” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Useful equipment for climbing mountain.B.The water
49、from the mountain.C.Some important machines used for bottleneck.D.Only cans and oxygen tanks found in the mountain.【答案与解析】A词义推断题。根据所在句子“All those climbers need to bring a lot of. and much of it ends up being left on the mountain, sometimes even the peak itself”可知,此处指所有爬山者都需要带的东西,同时大多数都被留在了山上,故此处应是爬山
50、的一些“装备”。故选A项。3.Whats Mark Jenkins attitude towards the state of Qomolangma?A.Unconcerned.B.Positive.C.Curious.D.Worried.【答案与解析】D推断题。根据第2段中的句子“The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are not only dangerously crowded but also badly polluted”可知,通往珠峰的路线上
51、不仅人满为患,而且遍布垃圾。由此可以推断,Mark Jenkins对珠峰的这种状态应该感到忧虑。故选D项。.语法填空Much like other tourists, I like travelling. I believe that travelling is always educational. 1 I plan to say is that the people that you meet along the way, whether it is near or in the 2 (distant), are usually interesting. In China I 3 (lik
52、e) to be on the train journey. When I travel by train I am able to see 4 scenery in China than by other transport (交通). In addition, the trains in China are convenient (方便的) and comfortable. For example, I can travel to any city, and I am able to sleep on the train. Travelling on a train is one of t
53、he most important social 5 (event) as well. I can chat (聊天) with other passengers about where they are going, and why they 6 (travel). I travelled to Dalian last month. My parents and I travelled 7 by train. We went to see my grandmother who 8 (be) busy lately. I enjoyed the trip though I was 9 (exh
54、aust). The most important reason is that the city has made a deep 10 (impress) on me for its fresh air and clean environment.【语篇解读】我们喜欢旅游,究竟是什么吸引了我们呢?【答案与解析】1.What此处是主语从句,what在从句中作动词say的宾语。2.distance固定短语in the distance,意思是“在远处”。3.would like此处委婉地表达作者想坐火车旅游。would like to do意思是“想要”。4.more此处表示比较,用more。表
55、示坐火车旅游比乘坐其他交通工具能看到更多的风景。5.events此处是复数概念,指坐火车旅游还是重要的社交事项之一。6.are travelling分析上下文可知,此处是表示正在发生的事情,用现在进行时。7.there指上面提到的大连,用副词there。8.has been根据后面的副词lately可知,此处是表示到现在为止的状态,用现在完成时。9.exhausted此处是过去分词作表语,表示疲惫的状态。10.impression此处是固定短语make a deep impression on sb,意思是“给某人留下深刻印象”。.书面表达假如你叫小明。2015年寒假很快就要到来了。你的美国笔
56、友Helen来信谈到将在寒假期间去旅游。请根据下面表格中的提示给她回信。好处亲近大自然、结识新朋友等准备规划好路线、了解天气等注意事项结伴而行,可相互照顾注意:1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;3.可根据提示适当发挥使行文连贯。Dear Helen,Glad to hear you choose to travel during the 2015 winter vacation.Have a pleasant journey!Yours, Xiaoming【参考范文】Dear Helen,Glad to hear you choose to travel during t
57、he 2015 winter vacation.I also like travelling.Here is what Id like to say about travelling.Travelling is good for us tourists.Firstly, we can get close to nature and learn more about the natural world while travelling.Secondly, we can also make new friends when we enjoy the beautiful scen
58、ery with others.It is better to make some preparations before travelling.Wed better consider what places to visit and design a proper route.Whats more, it is very important for us to know about the weather there so that we can have a good time.I think wed better choose to travel together with our friends or with a tourist team in order to take care of each other, and well feel more relaxed and safer.Have a pleasant journey!Yours, Xiaoming
