1、Unit 6Space and beyondDeveloping ideas词汇积淀素养初探. 根据本单元所学单词填空 1. submit(提交) an application2. this awesome(很好的) new disc(光盘)3. the space telescope(望远镜)4. angle(斜置) his chair5. stars invisible(看不见的) to the naked eye6. the most straightforward(简单的) task7. the values of self-discipline(自律) and responsibil
2、ity8. fetch(去拿) your coat9. strain a muscle(肌肉)10. season with salt and pepper(胡椒粉)11. When we sneeze(打喷嚏), our eyes close. . 选词填空in reality, enable sb. to do, allow sb. to do, work out, be engaged in, be composed of, be invisible to, at the edge of, look back to, be close to1. He was considered hon
3、est, but in reality he was not. 2. She and her youngest son were allowed to be reunited with their family finally. 3. We are engaged in a great and most glorious cause now, never undertaken by our forefathers. 4. Many stars are invisible to people on Earth because of haze of light. 5. We have had me
4、aningful negotiations and I believe we are close to a deal. 6. Our school has set up a leading group that is composed of old, middle-aged and young cadres. 7. It took me some time to work out what was causing this. 8. The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 9. We stood at the edg
5、e of the cliff and looked down at the valley below. 10. I like to look back to my high-school days, which were the happiest in my life. 阅读精研素养构建. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息1. How did people create a world in the sky? A. By their naked eyesB. By telescope C. By their imaginationD. By passing fr
6、om mouth to mouth2. How does the author organize the passage ? A. By the order of timeB. By the order of space C. By giving examples D. By listing numbers3. Why is the “Eyes of Heaven” referred to in the para. 4? A. To compare the technology between our country and other countries. B. To show the ef
7、fect it has on space exploration. C. To prove its advantages over other telescopes. D. To show the effort our country made to see even further into space. 4. What cant we infer from the passage? A. The first telescope made much difference to watching the night sky. B. The Hubble Space Telescope came
8、 into being 400 years ago. C. ”Eyes of Heaven” has the ability to make discoveries beyond our imaginations. D. There are still much of the universe to be explored. 答案: 14. CCDB. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。(1)The planets were seen to be worlds similar to our own(形容词短语作状语 ), many of them eve
9、n having their own moons. (独立主格 )译文: 这些行星被视为与我们的行星相似, 其中许多甚至有自己的卫星。(2)Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances, from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born(where引导的定语从句), to huge black holes, and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life(wh
10、ere引导的定语从句). 译文: 历史上没有任何东西能让我们在如此遥远的距离上看到如此之多的东西, 从恒星诞生的巨大气体云, 到巨大的黑洞, 甚至是我们可能在那里找到生命的新行星。(3)In these waters, more than 200 meters deep, where light cannot reach(where引导的定语从句), are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction(that引导的定语从句). 译文: 在这些200多米深的水域里, 光线无
11、法到达, 它们是非同寻常的生物, 看起来就像是直接从科幻小说中脱颖而出。(4)Currently, China operates the worlds largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope(同位语), completed in 2016. (非谓语动词短语作定语)译文: 目前, 中国运营着世界上最大、最强大的射电望远镜FAST望远镜, 该望远镜于2016年完工。2. 阅读主题活动。(1)Why do you think people have always been interested in the sta
12、rs? Because the sky can be seen but untouched, full of stars, and there are mysterious stories involving stars, which attracts people to know more about them. (2)Have you ever used a telescope? Share your experience with the class. I used a telescope when I visited China Museum of Science and Techno
13、logy. Fortunately, I got a chance to look at the stars, using a telescope. Initially, using it incorrectly, I didnt see anything. Finally, I made it. The sky is breathtakingly beautiful, full of shining stars. They are of different shapes, and even some invisible to the naked eyes can be seen clearl
14、y. 3. 根据课文内容完成短文。Thousands of years ago, people already regarded the night sky (1)as an endless source of fascination. It was believed (2)that the huge eyes of the large-eyed, bronze statues from the Chinese archaeological site at Sanxingdui, were able to look across great distances into the stars.
15、Our power to see the sky changed (3)dramatically(dramatic)when the first telescope was angled at the night sky. It extended the power of the human eye and caused us (4)to realise(realise) that the universe is a far larger place than we ever imagined. In 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope (5)was launch
16、ed(launch)into orbit. For (6)the first time people could enjoy the beautiful images of our universe. These ranged from enormous clouds of gas and even to new plants. In 2016, the FAST telescope was built in China. It is used in the search for dark matter, (7)which cant be observed by ordinary telesc
17、opes. Its vast dish has the ability to make discoveries beyond our (8)imaginations(imagination). Although the (9)advanced(advance )technology allows us to see further and further into space, the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of the universe remains unexplored (10)that w
18、e are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery. 要点精研素养奠基学生用书P841. enable. . . to do. . . 使能够*Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky, increasing as it did the power of human eye and enabling
19、us to understand that the universe is far lager than was previously imaginable. 当第一台望远镜对准夜空时, 我们研究和理解太空的能力发生了巨大的变化, 它使人类的眼睛的力量增强, 使我们能够理解宇宙比以前想象的要大得多。*The new test is believed to enable doctors to detect the disease early. 人们相信新的检测手段能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。*The support systems to enable women to realize thei
20、r potential at work are seriously inadequate. 使妇女在工作中发挥潜力的支持体系严重不足。【名师点津】后缀-en或前缀en-加在某些形容词或名词后/前, 均可构成动词。后缀-ensharp sharpen(使)变锋利deep deepen(使)变深broad broaden(使)变宽weak weaken(使)变弱strength strengthen (使)强壮前缀 en-rich enrich 使丰富large enlarge 扩大able enable 使能够danger endanger 使处于险境courageencourage (使)有勇
21、气【即学活用】(1)语法填空And I think that when we do, this will enable us to move(move) peace closer and move terror further away. This will enable(able)the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows. (2)It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. 正是这些技能才使我们能够发展终生的友谊。(3)The new
22、equipment enables the disabled to enter the place freely. 这个新的设备使残疾人能自由的进入这个地方。2. be engaged in. . . 忙于*To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes. 为了更深入地观察宇宙, 许多国家都在建造更先进的望远镜。*He is engaged to an elegant lady who is fond of purcha
23、sing cosmetics. 他与一位喜欢购买化妆品的优雅女士订婚了。*Despite her illness, she remains actively engaged in shaping policy. 尽管有病在身, 她还是积极参与政策的制定。*Her father engaged a tutor to improve her maths. 她的爸爸请了一位家庭教师给她补习数学。be engaged in. . . 忙于=be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事=be occupied with sth. /in doing sth. 忙于做某事be engaged
24、 to sb. 与某人订婚engage in. . . /doing sth. 参加; 参与engage sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事engagement n. 订婚; 约会; 雇用【即学活用】 语法填空(1)They were engaged (engage)to be married, but I hear they have broken up. (2)Try to find humour in life and engage in activities that make you laugh. (3)They planned to engage a baby-sitte
25、r to take (take)care of their newly-born baby. 3. invisible adj. 看不见的*Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them. 人类是看不见紫外线的, 尽管蚂蚁和蜜蜂对紫外线很敏感。*Using telescope, Galileo discovered stars that were invisible to the naked eye. 词汇复现伽利略利用望远镜发现了肉眼看不见的恒星。be invis
26、ible to. . . 对看不见visible(反义词) adj. 看得见的; 可见的【名师点津】in-是否定前缀, 意为“不, 非”activeinactive 不活泼的visibleinvisible 看不见的correctincorrect 不正确的completeincomplete 不完整的accurateinaccurate 不正确的【即学活用】 (1)语法填空The lines were so finely etched as to be invisible(visible)from a distance. The house was surrounded by trees,
27、invisible to enemies. (2)Not only is the comet visible by telescope but also it is visible to the naked eye. 这颗彗星不仅用望远镜能看见而且肉眼也可以看见。4. close to. . . (时间)快; (距离)靠近; (关系)亲近; (程度)几乎*So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.
28、宇宙中有如此多尚未被探索的地方, 我们只是接近这不可思议的发现之旅的开始。*Its close to showtime now, so you should step into the dressing room. 表演时间快到了, 你得进化妆室了。*Stand close to me, so you can have a better look. 站得离我近点, 你可以看得更清楚。*I became close to my grandfather before his death. 在我祖父去世前, 我开始与他亲密起来。*The anxious consultant was close to
29、 tears with frustration, but she held back. 这个焦虑的顾问沮丧得几乎要哭了, 但她忍住了。【名师点津】close与closelyclose to 中的close 既可以是副词也可以是形容词。closely adv. 紧密地; (关系)亲密地; (程度)仔细地*The students were sitting close together and whispering. 学生们紧挨着坐在一起窃窃私语。*Light industry is closely related to agriculture. 轻工业和农业密切相关。*The couple ar
30、e chatting closely. 这对夫妻正在亲密地聊天。【即学活用】 (1)选词填空 (close/closely)The scientists got closely in touch with the astronauts. Come close to me. I want to tell you something important. The close friends are talking with each other closely. (2)When I saw his face, I came close to laughing. 当我看到他的脸时, 我差一点就笑出来
31、了。(3)The close friends have a secret that must be closely guarded. 这对密友之间有个秘密要严加保守。5. For example, the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars. 例如, 在三星堆的中国考古遗址发现的古蜀国, 人们认为它能够从很远的地方看
32、到星星。【句式解构】本句sb. /sth. be believed to have done句式, 表示“据认为做了”。*The game is believed to have cast a shadow on the team. 据说这个比赛给这个团队蒙上了阴影。*Bell is believed to set out for America to have a holiday. 贝尔被认为要动身去美国度假。*The consultant is believed to be abusing his right in dealing with the complaint from a cus
33、tomer. 据说这个顾问在处理顾客的投诉问题时滥用了他的权利。*The scholar is believed (to be)learned/a learned professor. 据说这个学者是博学的/一个博学的教授。sb. /sth. be believed/considered/thought类似结构的还有: pretend, happen, appear, seem, claim及be said to do sth. 等。【名师点津】 动词不定式的形式及意义一般式形式主动: to do 被动: to be done意义与谓语动词表示的动作同时或先后发生进行式形式to be doin
34、g意义谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示的动作正在进行或即将发生完成式形式主动: to have done 被动: to have been done意义: 先于谓语的动作发生或表示想做而未曾实现的愿望或计划等完成进行式形式to have been doing意义不定式表示的动作先于谓语表示的动作发生, 且谓语的动作发生时其仍在进行【即学活用】(1)语法填空Several young men pretended to be(be)policemen, but were caught at last. The engine just wont start. Something seems
35、 to have gone(go)wrong with it. (2)The suspect was believed to have been questioned for many times. 据说这个嫌疑人已经被询问了好多次了。(3)Citizens seem to be complaining about the air pollution. 市民似乎正在抱怨空气污染。【要点拾遗】1. be composed of. . . 由组成*The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”, as it is known, is being used in
36、the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes. 据了解, 500米长的碟状“天眼”被用于寻找暗物质, 暗物质被认为是由普通望远镜看不见的亚原子粒子组成的。*Assignments for this course consist of two individual assignments and one group assignment. 本课程作业包括两份个人作业以及一份小组作业。*This collection is made
37、 up of three parts: poems, essays and short stories, especially historical ones. 这本册子是由诗、散文和短篇小说尤其是历史小说三部分组合而成的。These nine planets, together with the sun, make up what is called our solar system. 这九大行星和太阳一起组成了我们的太阳系。由组成的多种表达: 整体+consist of+部分部分+make up+整体整体+be made up of+部分整体+be composed of+部分【即学活用】
38、(1)语法填空The newly-published book consists of 10 chapters, each chapter having 30, 000 words. (2)一句多译我们队由15 名队员组成。Our team consists of 15 members. Our team is made up of 15 members. Our team is composed of 15 members. 2. Astronauts also need to keep themselves clean. 宇航员也需要保持自己的清洁。【句式解构】“keep+宾语+宾语补足语
39、”句式, 表示“使处于某状态”。*The situation kept him in a dilemma. 这种情况使他左右为难。*If you change your address, please keep me informed. 如果你换地址了, 请告知我。*He kept his eyes closed to relax himself. 他在闭目养神。*It is a waste of money, if you keep the light on during the day time. 如果你白天把灯开着, 那是浪费钱。宾语补足语的形式: 能跟keep一样可以用现在分词, 过去
40、分词, 形容词, 副词, 介词短语, 名词作宾补的词有: find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构意为“发现处于某种状态”; “leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构意为“使保持/处于某种状态”。【即学活用】(1)语法填空 We went abroad, keeping our pet dog taken(take)care of. He kept his son running (run)on the track in spite of the strong wind. Looking through the window, she found the boss buried(bury)in his r
41、outine work. (2019天津高考)Yet, now that Im growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing (need)a way to escape. (2)We should keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们应该保持教室整洁干净。(3)Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 对不起, 让你久等了。3. Imagine wha
42、t would happen if they caught a cold and started to sneeze! 想象一下, 如果他们感冒并开始打喷嚏会发生什么事! 【句式解构】本句是if引导的虚拟条件句。*If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town. 如果我是你, 我会选择在小城镇工作。(事实上我不是你)*If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have paid the university fee. 如果昨天没有你的帮助, 我不会支付得起大学学费。
43、(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我, 所以我支付了学费)*If things were to be twice, all would be wise. 假如凡事都可以重新做一次, 人人皆可成为聪明人。(事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)。【名师点津】主从句时态虚拟条件句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were)主语+should, would, could, might+动词原形If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should, would
44、, could, might+have+过去分词She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadnt been very busy. 与将来事实相反的假设If+主语+动词过去式If+主语+were to+动词原形If+主语+should+动词原形主语+should, would, could, might+动词原形If you came/were to come/should come tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 注意: (1)如果从句中有were, had, should, 可以省略if, 用倒装
45、句式“were/had/should+主语”。*If I were at school again, I would study better. =Were I at school again, I would study better. 如果我回到学校, 我会学得更好。*If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus. =Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. 如果你早点来, 你就赶上公共汽车了。*If it should rain tomorrow, we wou
46、ld not go climbing. =Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨, 我们就不去爬山了。(2)若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时, 不能用动词的缩略形式。Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. ()Werent it for the expense, I would go abroad now. ()如果不是因为费用问题, 我现在就出国了。【即学活用】 语法填空(1)If all the creatures on earth disapp
47、eared(disappear)in the future, human would die out too. (2)If there were (be)no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. (3)If he had taken (take)my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 课时检测素养达标. 单句语法填空1. The committee made up of 20 members wants to keep the law effectiv
48、e(effect). 2. Every substance, no matter what it is, is composed of very small particles called molecules. . 3. If you came tomorrow, we would have (have)the meeting. 4. Bell is considered to have invented (invent)the telephone. 5. Hes close to signing (sign)a contract when he stopped. 6. The soldie
49、rs were engaged in a military operation close to the Ugandan border. 7. If she refuses to follow rules about car safety, she wont be allowed to use (use)the car. 8. They designed a new programme to enable older people to study (study)at college9. If you make this mistake again, I will keep you stand
50、ing (stand)for a day. 10. If I were (be)you, I would take an umbrella. . 句型转换1. It is said that he has been designated as the incoming minister. He is said to have been designated as the incoming minister. (sb. /sth. be said. . . )2. But for his generous help, I couldnt have gone through the hard ti
51、me. If he hadnt helped me generously, I couldnt have gone through the hard time. (if引导的条件虚拟句)3. Because nobody had any more to say, the meeting was closed. Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed. (独立主格)4. Those who were affected by the earthquake will get financial aid from local gove
52、rnment. Those affected by the earthquake will get financial aid from local government. (非谓语动词作定语)5. As we all know, he once was put into prison. We all know the fact that he once was put into prison. (同位语从句). 完成句子1. The girl staring at him, the boy engaged in teaching didnt know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他
53、, 这个从事教学的男孩不知道说什么好。2. The stone discovered by the farmer was believed to date back to the Tang Dynasty. 这个农民发现的这块石头被认为可以追溯到唐代。3. Its only with the heart that one can see rightly and what is essential is invisible to the eye. 只有用心才能发现真相, 只靠眼睛是看不见的。4. Each group should be composed of at least ten memb
54、ers. 每组至少应由十人组成。5. They found the three engaged in target practice, one of whom was close to tears with frustration. 他们发现那三个人在练习打靶, 其中一个人沮丧得快要哭出来了。. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文1. 使人们一直探索的夜空是无穷的魅力源泉。(keep+宾语+宾语补足语)2. 随着望远镜的发明, 我们可以看到许多肉眼看不见的美丽事物。(telescope/be invisible to/the naked eyes/with复合结
55、构)3. 虽然太空望远镜使我们能看到越来越远的太空, 但宇宙的许多地方仍有待探索。(allow sb. to do/非谓语动词作定语)The night sky which keeps people exploring has been an endless source of fascination. With telescope invented, many beautiful things invisible to our naked eyes can be seen. Although the space telescopes allow us to see further and further into space, there are much of the universe to be explored.
