1、Module 6War and Peace Section Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner.重点单词1drop v. 扔下，投下2retreat v. 撤退，后退3view n. 观点4image n. 影像5chaos n. 混乱，无秩序6sacrifice n. 牺牲7baggage n. (军队的)行装，行李8mess n. 混乱的局面9yell v. 大叫，呼喊10cheers int. (用于祝酒)祝你健康11arm v. 装备，武装12despite prep. 不管，不顾13senseless adj. 无意义的，欠思考的sense n.
2、 感觉；感官 vt. 感觉到；明白，了解sensible adj. 明智的，理智的；合理的sensitive adj. 敏感的，感觉敏锐的14courage n. 勇气，胆量encourage v. 鼓舞，鼓励discourage vt. 使泄气15memorable adj. 难忘的，特别的，值得回忆的memory n. 记忆力，回忆，记忆memorial n. 纪念碑，纪念馆memorize v. 记住，记录，记下16unload v. 卸下load v&n. 装载，负担17liberation n. 解放liberate v. 解放，使获自由18worthwhile adj. 值得做的，
3、有价值的，有用的worthy adj. 有价值的；有意义的；配得上的worth adj. 值，相等于的价值worthless adj. 无价值的；不值钱的；没用处的19disagreement n. 争论，矛盾，意见不合(反义词) agreement n. 协定；协议；(意见或看法)一致.核心短语1to_ones_astonishment 令某人惊讶的是2in_the_distance 在远处3be_annoyed_with_sb. 被惹恼，对很恼火4be_involved_in 卷入，涉及5a_sequence_of 连续的，一系列的6drink_to 为祝酒，为干杯7in_return 作
4、为报答8at_war 处于战争或交战状态9set_out 出发10draw_attention_to 引起对的注意11shake our hands 握我们的手12keep in shape 定型13lay the table 摆桌子14in years to come 接下来数年里15win the Nobel Peace Prize 赢得诺贝尔和平奖16during the 1990s 在20世纪90年代17be supposed to 理应，应该，应当.经典句式1詹姆斯瑞恩是被卷入第二次世界大战漩涡的第四个兄弟。James Ryan is the fourth brother to be
5、 involved in the Second World War.2我们发现我们来到了一个宁静的法国村庄外面。.we found ourselves outside a peaceful village in France.3在人类战争史上，从来没有一次像这样，以如此少的兵力取得如此大的成功。Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.课文预读译文助读D日登陆后的第二天令我们惊讶的是，就在我们接到加入进攻发起日登陆部队的机密命令后两天，经过一天的战斗，并亲眼目睹我的很多朋友被敌军残杀后，
6、我们发现我们来到了一个宁静的法国村庄外面。经历了海滩上的混战之后，这一切是如此突然。时近黄昏，太阳正在落山，照在农场建筑物、大街、商店、车库和教堂上，勾勒出一幅完美的乡村景色。但是我们迟疑着(并没有贸然进村)，因为我们知道或许那里还有敌兵。我们的中尉命令我和士兵科瓦尔斯基前去搜村。当我们进入主大街时，一个年轻妇女开着拖拉机从车库出来，看到我们并用法语大声喊着什么。立刻有五个人走出酒吧，另两个人出了农舍，拿着枪。我摘下头盔喊道：“美国人！把你们的枪放下！”他们围着我们，喊叫着并握着我们的手。有些妇女跑过来吻我们。我们很快明白了敌人已经放弃了整个村子，于是科瓦尔斯基回到其他人那里通知他们已经安全了
7、。我走进一家理发店，摸了摸我的下巴，表明我需要刮胡子。理发师蓄着漂亮的胡须，还用蜡定了型。他往一个罐子里加满了冷水，并从一个抽屉里拿出一把剃须刀。他在一块皮革上磨了磨剃须刀，然后给我刮胡子这是我几年以来刮得最好的一次。最后，他拿起一把剪刀和一把梳子为我理发。当全连其他人员赶到时，村民们在他们卸下行装和铺盖的时候拿出几瓶葡萄酒，在街道中间摆了一张桌子，然后在上面摆了一盘盘的土豆、胡萝卜、火腿和香肠。有人用英语大喊：“干杯！”于是我们都为解放和法国宪法干起了杯。我们中的一些男孩儿们以前从未尝过葡萄酒，把酒吐了出来，以为是醋。我们送给妇女们长袜，她们非常喜欢，作为回礼，她们拿出香水要我们送给女朋友。
8、我太害羞了，没有承认自己太小还没有女朋友。但是村民们把我们当成英雄来对待，一瞬间，我觉得所有的恐惧和危险都是值得的。但是我也怀念那天早些时候牺牲的朋友，不知他们是否同意我的想法。译文助读温斯顿丘吉尔的演讲温斯顿丘吉尔在二战的大部分时间都以他作为政治家以及英国首相而闻名于世。尤其著名的是他的演讲，许多人深信他的演讲甚至让人们产生了更坚定的决心来打败敌人。这些演讲中的许多内容至今还会被记起。在1940年，当他被邀请去做英国首相和新政府的领导人时，丘吉尔发表了他最伟大的演讲之一。当时国家已经应战八个多月了，他知道在开始赢取战争之前，他们还要遭受许多大的失败。于是在1940年5月13日，他向下议院承诺
9、：“我会对议会说，正如我对那些加入到政府工作中的人说的那样，我没有什么可以奉献，除了热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。”一个月后，德国军队已经向欧洲北部进军，英国军队已经撤退到英吉利海峡的海岸上。唯一可以逃生的方法就是越过海峡回到英国。数百艘小船从英国海岸的港口出发，把位于法国敦刻尔克海岸的士兵们接回来。但是丘吉尔在一次演讲中鼓励人们说这只是暂时的失败，他说：“我们会在海岸上战斗，我们会在陆地上战斗，我们会在田野里和街巷中战斗，我们会在山上战斗；我们永远不投降。”在1940年6月18日，当丘吉尔号召每个人都要有保卫英国的勇气时，他作了另一场精彩的演讲。他讲道：“在不久的将来人们会说，这是他们最美好的时刻
10、。”德军继续对英国进行空袭。少数的飞行员抵抗数目大得多的德国空军。德军损失了许多飞机，并且被迫改变他们的战略。英国不再受到早期入侵的威胁，在1940年8月20日，他说：“在人类战争史上，从来没有一次像这样，以如此少的兵力取得如此大的成功。”两年后，德国开始在一些重要的战役中失利。在北非战场失败后，1942年11月10日，他作了演讲，其中有一些名言：“现在还不是结束的时候，它甚至还不算是结束的前奏，但可能是开始的结束。”许多人相信丘吉尔的领导才能激励着人们面对纳粹德军时仍能英勇作战。今天，他的演讲仍然被铭记和引用，并且其中一些还成为英语口语中的范例。课文理解Step Fast reading (
11、教材P81)Read the passage on P79 and put the sentences in the correct order.ATogether with Private Kowalski, the writer entered the village.BThe writer took part in the DDay landings.CHe went into the barbershop to have his face shaved and his hair cut.DTwo days later he found himself outside a peacefu
12、l village in France.EThe soldiers and the French people drank to celebrate the victory.FThe two of them were warmly welcomed by some Frenchmen.答案：BDAFCEStep Careful readingChoose the best answer according to the text on P79.1When the author and his companions entered the village, they hesitated beca
13、use _.Amany of their friends were killed by the enemyBthere might still have been many enemy soldiersCthe enemy had abandoned the villageDthe rest of their company hadnt arrived答案：B2According to the text, what made the author and his companions feel astonished?AReceiving the confidential orders to j
14、oin the DDay landing troops.BFive men with guns gathering around them.CSome women appearing and kissing them in the village.DFinding themselves outside a peaceful village in France.答案：D3In the text, “He.gave me the best shave I had had in years” means that _.Athe barber was expert in shaving for cus
15、tomersBwithout the tools, the author couldnt shave by himselfCbecause of the war, the author didnt shave for a long timeDthe author had no money to have a shave答案：C4They said “cheers” and drank to liberation and to the French Constitution in order to _.Ashow they hoped the villagers would soon be fr
16、ee and in good healthBthank the villagers for the food and for their welcomeCcelebrate freedom and the return to power of the French governmentDintroduce the rest of the company to the villagers答案：C5The author felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile because _.Athe villagers treated the
17、m like heroesBthey checked that the village was safeCthey drank and cheered with the villagersDthe villagers gave them perfume for their girlfriends答案：AStep After reading_1_ our astonishment, just two days after we _2_ (receive) our confidential orders to join the DDay landing troops, and after a da
18、y fighting and _3_ (see) many of my friends _4_ (kill) by the enemy, we found _5_ (we) outside a _6_ (peace) village in France. It was so sudden, after the mess and _7_ (confuse) of war on the beach. Together with Private Kowalski the writer entered the village. He went into a barbershop to have his
19、 face _8_ (shave) and his hair cut. The soldiers and the French people drank _9_ celebrate the victory. The write gave _10_ (gift) to women and they gave him in return.1To2.had_received3.seeing4.killed5.ourselves6peaceful7.confusion8.shaved9.to10.gifts1 (教材P75)At 4 pm on 7 September 1940, 348 German
20、 war planes began to drop bombs on London.1940年9月7日下午4点348架德国战斗机开始在伦敦上空扔下炸弹。归纳拓展drop in on 顺便拜访某人drop in at 顺便访问某地drop out (of.) 退学；脱离；退出经典例句Medical supplies are being dropped into the earthquakestricken area.正在向地震灾区投放医疗物资。I dropped German when I was 14.我14岁后就没再学德语。即学即练单句语法填空When I dropped (drop) in
21、 on him last week, he was not in.On the way to the suburbs, we dropped in at a bookstore.Teenagers who drop out of high school have trouble finding jobs.2 view n. 观点，看法，风景，视野 vt. 把视为，观看(教材P77)Which paragraph contains the writers personal view of the film?哪一段包含了作者对影片的观点？归纳拓展(1)in view 在视野范围内in view o
22、f 鉴于，考虑到，由于in ones view/in the view of sb. 在某人看来come into view 出现point of view 态度，观点；看法have a good view of 饱览(2)view.as. 把看作品读高考(2016全国卷)Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable.在一些文化群体中，沉默或许被看作极其不舒服。经典例句In my view, the actors behavior should be criticized.我认为，那个演员的行为
23、应该受到批评。In view of the weather, we will cancel the outing.因天气关系，我们要取消此次远足。即学即练写出下列句中 view 的含义While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.风景If we sit near the front of the bus, well have a better view.视野I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看
24、In this lecture, I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full.观点，看法3 (教材P77)Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable antiwar film and also a story of courage and sacrifice.拯救大兵瑞恩是一部令人难忘的反战电影，也是一个关于勇敢和牺牲的故事。归纳拓展sacrifice.for. 为而牺牲sacrifice ones life to do sth. 牺牲生命来做某
25、事make sacrifices for 为做出牺牲at the sacrifice of 以牺牲为代价经典例句They offered sacrifices to the goals.他们向众神献上祭品。A mother will sacrifice everything for her children.母亲会为自己的孩子牺牲一切。即学即练完成句子Many women sacrifice interesting careers (牺牲了有趣的事业) for their families.The young man sacrificed his life to save (牺牲了自己的生命去
26、救) the child from the fire.He earned moneyatthe sacrifice of his health (付出了健康的代价)4 (教材P79)But the villagers treated us like heroes, and for a brief moment, I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile.但是村民们把我们当成英雄来对待，一时间，我觉得所有的恐怖和危险都是值得的。辨析比较 worthwhile, worth, worthy经典例句Youd better spen
27、d your time on some worthwhile reading.你最好把时间花在读一些有价值的书上。Is it worthwhile taking such risks?犯得着冒这种风险吗？即学即练单句语法填空I dont think it is worthwhile taking/to_take (take) the trouble to explain the question to him.The reference book is worth buying (buy), because it is a great help for your study.The refer
28、ence book is worthy to_be_bought (buy), because it is a great help for your study.The reference book is worthy of being_bought (buy), because it is a great help for your study.5 派生词：encouragement n. 鼓舞，鼓励encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的encouraged adj. 受鼓舞的courage n. 勇气，胆量(教材P81)But Churchill encouraged people
29、 that this was only a temporary defeat in a speech which included the words.但是丘吉尔在一次演讲中鼓励人们说这只是暂时的失败，他讲道归纳拓展encourage sb. in sth. 在某方面鼓励某人encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事；刺激某人做某事encourage sth. in sb./sth. 助长的，刺激的品读高考(2019北京)People should be encouraged to make more donations.人们应该鼓励做出更多的捐赠。经典例句We shou
30、ld particularly encourage sincere selfcriticism and receive it warmly.我们尤其要鼓励诚恳的自我批评并热心接受。What my parents have promised always encourages me in my choice of career.在我选择职业时，我父母的承诺总是鼓励着我。即学即练单句语法填空Some computer games encourage violent behaviour in young children.Her success encouraged me to_try (try)
31、the same thing.We tried to discourage him from going out in the storm, but in vain.6 (教材P83)The UN couldnt stop a terrible civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995, despite warnings of the dangers from nearby states.1995年联合国没能制止非洲国家卢旺达境内的严重内战，尽管周边国家发出了危险警告。归纳拓展品读高考(2017全国卷)Despite the celebr
32、ations, though, in the US the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older.尽管有庆祝活动，但是在美国，爵士乐的听众却在不断减少并逐渐变老。(2016天津)And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.尽管他们的手脏衣服脏，但是他们很阳光。经典例句“We are now able to recognize the voice of the passenger despite all the noise in the undergr
33、ound station.” said Tian Biao, a voice control engineer from Alibaba.阿里巴巴的声控工程师田彪称：“我们现在已经能在嘈杂的地铁站中捕捉到乘客的声音。”In spite of having no qualifications, he got the job.尽管他没有资格证明，他还是得到了这份工作。名师点津despite 作“尽管，不管，任凭”讲时(in spite of/regardless of)，后面应该搭配名词、动名词或名词性从句；而 though, although 是连词，引导状语从句。即学即练单句语法填空In sp
34、ite of the fact that he was ill, he went to school as usual.In spite of my efforts at persuasion, he wouldnt agree.He serves the public whole heartedly, regardless of his personal gain or loss.1 (教材P79)To our astonishment, just two days after we had received our confidential orders to join the DDay
35、landing troops, and after a day fighting and seeing many of my friends killed by the enemy, we found ourselves outside a peaceful village in France.使我们吃惊的是，就在我们接到加入D日登陆部队的机密命令后两天，经过一天的战斗，并亲眼目睹我的很多朋友被敌军残杀后，我们发现我们来到一个宁静的法国村庄外面。归纳拓展in astonishment 吃惊地astonish v. 使吃惊astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的astonished adj.
36、 感到吃惊的be/feel astonished at/by. 对感到吃惊be astonished to do sth. 做感到惊讶品读高考(2016浙江)What brought about this astonishing change in me?是什么让我发生了如此惊人的变化？经典例句To our astonishment, China beat Serbia to win its third womens volleyball gold medal at the Rio Olympic Games.令我们惊讶的是，中国女排在里约奥运会上击败塞尔维亚获得了第三枚奥运女排金牌。The
37、girl was astonished at the boys astonishing request, so she looked at him in astonishment.女孩对男孩的令人惊讶的请求感到吃惊，所以她吃惊地看着他。名师点津 to ones astonishment 的易考点(1)如果表示“令某人非常”可以在介词短语前加 much 或者在名词前加 great，如 much to ones astonishment/to ones great astonishment。(2)to ones astonishmentto the astonishment of sb.即学即练单
38、句语法填空Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing (astonish) ways.She smiled softly to herself as she remembered his astonished (astonish) look.To my astonishment, she was there before me.2 (教材P76).we werent supposed to do that.我们不应该那样做。归纳拓展supposesb.(
39、to be)adj./n. 认为某人suppose/supposing (that). 假定；假如；如果I suppose so/not. 我想会的/不会的。I dont suppose that. 我认为不(否定前移)疑问词do you suppose陈述句？“你认为？”(do you suppose 为插入语)be supposed to have done 本应当做某事(但实际上未做)经典例句All of his friends supposed her to be his wife.他所有的朋友都以为她是他的太太。Suppose/Supposing (that) I dont have
40、 a day off, what shall we do?假如我没有一天的假，我们要怎么办？Its going to be fine this evening.I suppose so.今晚一切都会好的。我想会的。Youre supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.你如果要离开教室，应该先问问老师。即学即练单句语法填空He is supposed to_be (be) the fastest runner of us.Youre supposed to have_finished (finish) the w
41、ork by now.3 (教材P81)The country had been at war for over eight months, and he knew that it would suffer many great defeats before it would begin to win the war.当时国家已经应战八个多月了，他知道在开始赢取战争之前，他们还要遭受许多大的失败。归纳拓展“at名词”表示“处于某种状态”的常见短语还有：at work 在工作 at table 在吃饭at school 在上学 at church 在做礼拜at play 在玩耍 at peace
42、 处于和平状态经典例句The country has been at war with its neighbour for two years.这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。即学即练完成句子I think its about time we should stop. Weve been at_work (工作了) for six hours.Children should learn above all how to observe good manners at_table (在吃饭时)James Ryan is the fourth brother to be involved in th
43、e Second World War.詹姆斯瑞恩是参加第二次世界大战的第四个兄弟。此句中使用了“the序数词(n.)动词不定式”的结构，动词不定式作定语。归纳拓展(1)the last (n.)后面也接动词不定式。(2)动词不定式和被修饰的序数词(n.)之间是被动关系时，动词不定式用被动式。品读高考(2016全国卷)In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.在1931年，Addams成为了第一个获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国妇女。经典例句Tom is often the first stud
44、ent to come to school while his sister Jane is always the last to arrive.汤姆经常是第一个到校的，而他的姐姐简却总是最后一个到的。Prince William has become the first member of the British Royal Family to visit China in the past 30 years.威廉王子成为英国王室成员中三十年来首次访华的人。Was this supermarket the first to be set up in this town?这家超市是这个镇上第一
45、个建起的吗？即学即练单句语法填空The last to_arrive (arrive) will be punished.Wang Yang was the first student to_be_admitted (admit) into Beijing University in our school.At no time will China be the first to_use (use) nuclear weapons. Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.在人类战争史
46、上，从来没有一次像这样以如此少的兵力取得如此大的成功，保护如此多的众生。句中的 never 为否定副词，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。故本句中表语 never in the field of human conflict 提至句首，其正常语序为：So much owed by so many to so few was never in the field of human conflict.归纳拓展否定副词 never, nor, not, not only, hardly, little, seldom, not.until 等置于句首，句子要部分倒装。将谓语的一部分(即助动词或情态动词或系动
47、词)提前置于主语之前。如果句子的谓语动词没有助动词或情态动词，则需要添加助动词 do, does 或 did，并将其置于主语之前。经典例句Never will I forget his name.我绝对不会忘记他的名字。Hardly did I think it possible.我认为这几乎是不可能的。即学即练单句语法填空Seldom does (do) he go to the film.Not until I told him did (do) little John focus his attention on his homework.Never has (have) he hear
48、d of such a thing.单词拼写1We have spent a great deal of memorable (难忘的) time here.2The Government fear the strike may produce a chain (连锁) reaction in other industries.3If you want to know what happened afterwards (后来), read the next chapter.4The misconduct of some officials has destroyed the public im
49、age (形象) of the government.5The earthquake caused widespread chaos (混乱) throughout the region; everything was in confusion.6Soon after the lecture began, I began to be weary of his senseless (无意义的) speech.7Afraid of being criticized, I didnt have the courage (勇气) to tell my parents that I had failed
50、 the exam.8The truck driver and helper unloaded (卸下) the goods at the factory.9His parents made many sacrifices (牺牲) to send him to a private school.10It wasnt worthwhile (值得) continuing with the project.选词填空come into view， regardless of， in the distance， be involved in， be annoyed with， in spite of
51、， drink to， in the face of， in return， draw attention to1She is determined to do it regardless_of all consequences.2More than 30 software firms were_involved_in the project.3His mother was_annoyed_with him for being so rude to their neighbors.4Church bells rang in_the_distance.5He never gave himself
52、 up to pessimism in_spite_of difficulties.6The beautiful lake will come_into_view at the next turn.7Lets drink_to the friendship of our two persons.8Im just waiting for a chance to punish him in_return.9They show great perseverance in_the_face_of difficulty.10The article was intended to draw_attenti
53、on_to the situation in Republic of Korea.句型转换1To my astonishment, he should get the first prize.(what 引导的主语从句)What astonished me was that he should get the first prize.2It is senseless to argue about this problem.(sense)There is no sense arguing about this problem.3I had no sooner got back to the ki
54、tchen than the doorbell rang again.(改为倒装句)No sooner had I got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang again.4Although the film is entertaining, I dont like it.(despite)Despite the fact that the film is entertaining, I dont like it.5The place of interest is worth visiting.(用 worthwhile 表达)It is worthwhile visiting the place of interest.
