1、Unit 3Under the sea必备知识盘点夯基 BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_witness_vt当场见到；目击n目击者；证人；证据2_opposite_prep在对面adj相对的；相反的3_pause _vi& n暂停；中止4_drag_vt拖；拉；扯5_urge_vt催促；极力主张；驱策6_relationship_n关系；血缘关系；交往7_aware_adj意识到的；知道的8_neat _adj好的；整齐的；匀称的9_teamwork_n协作；配合10_flee_ vi逃避；逃跑vt逃离11_narrow_a
2、dj狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的12_target_n目标；靶；受批评的对象1I would like to set a new _target_ (目标) for my studies after I enter my ideal college 2 We should keep our classroom and dormitory _neat_ (整齐的) and tidy every day3 Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of which _teamwork_ (协作) is the most important f
3、or me 4 In many European countries, for example, the _relationship_ (关系) between teachers and students is quite formal 5 There stands an old school on the _opposite_ (在对面) side of the river6(2020新高考卷)However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing (witness)their mother earn her deg
4、ree 拓展单词1_sharp_adj锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的_sharpen_ vt& vi削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利_sharpener_ n卷笔刀2_abandon_vt放弃；遗弃；抛弃_abandoned_adj被遗弃的；放纵的3_reflect_vi思考vt映射；反射；思考_reflection_n反射；反映4_scare_ vt恐吓vi受惊吓_scared_ adj恐惧的；害怕的_scary_ adj恐怖的，可怕的5_accommodation_ n住所；住宿_accommodate_ vt提供住宿6_tasty_adj好吃的；可口的_taste_n味道；味觉v品尝_tasteless
5、_adj(反义词)无味的；不可口的7_depth_ n深(度)；深处_deep_ adj& adv 深的(地)_deeply_ adv深深地_deepen_ v使加深；使强烈；变深；变低沉8 _vivid_adj生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的_vividly_adv清晰地；生动地；强烈地1 It was a _scary_ story and children were _scared_ after they heard it (scare) 2The boys pencil isnt _sharp_，so he _sharpens_it with his _sharpener_ (sharp) 3T
6、hough the soup is _tasty_，Ive lost my sense of _taste_ and it_ tastes_ just like _tasteless_ water (tasty) 4 The lake is over 20 meters in _depth_ So we were all moved _deeply_ by the man who dived _deep_into the lake to save the boy (depth) 5 Some flowers are _reflected_ in the river and the_reflec
7、tion_ is very beautiful (reflect)6 If you cant find any _accommodations_ elsewhere, here is a room which can _accommodate_ up to five people (accommodation)7 He described _vividly_ what he saw in London, giving us a _vivid_ picture about peoples life there (vivid) 联想积累：1以“-rrow” 结尾的词一览narrow adj 狭窄的
8、arrow n 箭头borrow v 借sorrow n 悲伤sparrow n 麻雀2含后缀-th的名词荟萃depth 深度width 宽度length 长度truth 真理growth 成长3“形容词和副词”同形的词fast adj快的adv迅速地close adj亲密的adv紧密地deep adj深的adv深深地direct adj直接的adv直接地easy adj容易的adv从容地短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1_ahead of_优于；在前面2_aim at_瞄准；针对；目的在于3_in the meantime_在此期间；与此同时4_help () out_ 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危
9、难5_be/become aware of_对知道、明白；意识到6_upside down_上下翻转7_(be) scared to death_吓死了8_hold up_举起，抬起；支撑；阻挡，使延误9 _be about to do_即将做；将要做10_get close to_靠近语境运用1The train was _held up_ by the snowstorm, causing the delay2_Aimed at_ improving his grades, his parents sent him to the evening school3 Looking for hi
10、s lost magazine, the man turned the whole room _upside down_4 As he is my best friend, when I am in trouble he will certainly _help_ me _out_5The conference will begin in an hour; _in the meantime_，lets have a chat6More and more people _are/become aware of_ the danger of air pollution7Seeing a toy s
11、nake suddenly sometimes, the little girl can _be scared to death_8 She studies so hard that she is always well _ahead of _ the rest of the class 句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1It was a time when the killer whales helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration那个时期，杀手鲸帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时
12、捕捉须鲸。It was a time when“曾经一度(那时)”，when引导的是定语从句，修饰time。1我曾一度迷恋网络游戏。_It was a time when I was addicted to playing_ computer games2This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。be about to do sth意为“正要做某事”。2我正要做作业这时停电了。I _was about to do my homework_ when the power
13、 was cut off3The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor海水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。where引导地点状语从句。3作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。As young men, we should learn to stand up _where we fall_核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1witness v
14、t当场见到；目击n目击者；证人；证据归纳拓展(1)a witness to sth某事的证人/证明give witness to sth为作证；证明(2)witness sth/that目击witness for 为作证witness to (doing) sth证实/证明(做)某事温馨提示英语中常使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物，如车、船等的名词，谓语动词常为witness, see, find等。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。History _has witnessed_ (witness) the endless productions of Shakespeare
15、an plays in every major language of the world in the past few centuries (浙江卷书面表达)The box-office income of Chinese movies _witnessed_ (witness)a constant increase from about 17 billion yuan in 2012 to over 40 billion in 2015 What the police did first was question all the _witnesses_ (witness) involve
16、d in the accident last week提能句式升级。(2018北京卷书面表达)We all had a really enjoyable time in the tea houseThe tea house _witnessed a really enjoyable time_for all of us2urge vt催促；极力主张；驱策n强烈的欲望；冲动词汇拓展urgent adj紧急的；迫切的urgency n紧急；催促用法归纳(1)urge sbto do sth催促某人做某事urge sb into doing sth催促某人做某事urge that(should)do
17、 sth极力主张；强调It is urged that(should)do sth坚决要求(2)feel an urge to do sth有强烈的欲望想做某事层级训练夯基单句语法填空。In order to improve learning efficiency，I urge that all of us _(should) form_ (form) the habit of thinking independently and going over lessons in timeI never felt an urge _to learn_ (learn) any sign languag
18、e before (2018浙江6月卷)There is no sense of _ urgency_ (urge) to do my school work immediately 提能一句多译。父母应该积极地督促孩子利用加入体育队的机会。Parents should actively _urge their children to take advantage of _the opportunity to join sports teams Parents should actively urge that _their children should take advantage of_
19、the opportunity to join sports teams(复合句)3abandon vt遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止；(与oneself连用)使放纵；使听任n放任；放纵词汇拓展abandoned adj 无约束的；被遗弃的用法归纳(1)abandon ones hope/plan/idea放弃希望/计划/主意abandon oneself to沉湎于；纵情于abandon doing sth放弃做某事(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地(3)be abandoned to 沉湎于巧学助记The child was abandoned by his parentsEventu
20、ally the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street, abandoning himself to despair那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的孩子在大街上游荡，他已陷入了绝望。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。As far as I know, they have abandoned _carrying_(carry) out the plan for lack of moneyFeeling frustrated, I found myself abandoning myself to _playing_ (play)
21、 computer games(2018全国卷)Wang collected more than 7 million _abandoned_(abandon) bricks of different ages He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors提能单句写作。_I was about to abandon hope when_ my father came and encouraged me to keep going我正要放弃希
22、望，就在这时，我的爸爸过来鼓励我要继续下去。4reflect vt映射；反射；思考vi思考词汇拓展reflection n反射； 反映；沉思；倒影；影像用法归纳(1)be reflected in被反映在；被映照在中reflect on/upon sth仔细考虑/思考某事(2)be lost in reflection陷入沉思中a reflection of的反映层级训练夯基单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义。Usually a childs behaviour is a _reflection_ (reflect) of his family environment(2019全国卷完形)But
23、that changed when a system of high-tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below_从反射阳光_提能补全句子/句式升级。When she _reflected on her volunteer experience_(回想起她的志愿者经历时)，Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues_Reflec
24、ting on her volunteer experience_，Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues (分词作状语)5help sbout 帮助某人摆脱困境或危难归纳拓展(1)help sbwith sth/(to)do sth帮助某人某事/做某事(2)cant help doing sth忍不住做某事cant help but do sth只得做某事；不得不做某事(3)help yourself(to sth)随便自己动手(吃/用等)(4)with the hel
25、p of sbwith ones help 在某人的帮助下层级训练夯基单句语法填空。I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents _with_ the houseworkWe think this is the opportunity for us youth to contribute to helping the victims _out_I told the story to the class As sad as it was, I couldnt help _smiling_ (smile)提能补全句子/句式升级。
26、_With the help of my teacher_(在老师的帮助下), I have made great progress in my spoken English_It is with the help of my teacher that _ I have made great progress in my spoken English (强调句型)6be/become aware of对知道、明白；意识到归纳拓展(1)be aware that知道；体会到make sb aware of/that使某人注意到；提醒某人注意(2)awareness n意识；认识develop a
27、n awareness of培养的意识raise awareness提高认识层级训练夯基单句语法填空/补全句子。In conclusion, people around the world should be aware _of_ the real situation of water shortageNot only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural _awareness_ (aware) I woul
28、d like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and _raise peoples awareness of animal protection_(提高人们保护动物的意识)提能单句写作。(2020全国卷书面表达)通过参加这次采摘活动，我认识到了劳动的意义。_Through participating in this picking activity，I have become aware of the significance of work_7The water was quite
29、shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor海水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。where，there be意为“在地方，有”，where引导地点状语从句。注意where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的区别。归纳拓展(1)where引导的地点状语从句修饰主句的谓语；(2)where引导的定语从句修饰它前面的名词；(3)where可以引导名词性从句，在从句中作状语或表语。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。As the saying goes, _where_
30、 there is a smoke, there is a fireThe little girl who got lost decided to remain _where_ she was and wait for her mother (2019北京卷语法填空)What students do at college seems to matter much more than _where_ they go(浙江6月卷写作)We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 am and cycle to the nearby mountain, _
31、where_ we can go hiking and enjoy a picnic(2017江苏)Located _where_ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction提能一句多译。(2018全国卷书面表达)一个新的体育馆在一年前还是草地的地方拔地而起。A new stadium has arisen _where there was nothing but a grassland_ a year ago(状语从句)A new stadium has ari
32、sen _in the place where there was nothing but a grassland_ a year ago(定语从句)高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _sharply_(sharp), “Dont be so mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her2After the earthquake, the first thing the local
33、 government did was provide_accommodation_(accommodate) for the homeless families3It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner_In_ the meanwhile, Ill set the table4Butterflies feed_on_ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect5Their sudd
34、en attack made us more aware _of_ the danger around us6The girl was a witness _to_ the accident and said the driver appeared to be drunk7He yelled _at_ her to be careful while crossing the busy road8(2019江苏卷改编)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _reflecting _(reflect) mans intelligence
35、 and creativity9(上海卷)My panic has gone But I could not help _thinking_(think) about that silly poem10As the proverb goes, where the money is，_there_ is the power单句改错1The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste_tastetasty_2Police have appealed for witnesses for the accident_第二个forto_3A truck ca
36、me in an opposite direction of the car, so the car driver made a sharply turn_sharplysharp_4In the Spring Festival, Chinese people like to hang the character “fu” upside to down_去掉第二个to_5Seeing a toy snake suddenly sometimes, the little girl can be scared to die_diedeath_6If you come to visit China,
37、 you will experience a culture of amazing deep and variety_deepdepth_单句写作1有几个理由可以解释图片中反映的现象。(分词作定语)_There are several reasons that account for the phenomenon reflected in the picture_2船长刚要放弃那艘大船，这时大雨突然停了。(be about to dowhen；abandon)_The captain was about to abandon the large ship when the heavy rain
38、 suddenly stopped_3在我看来，了解你自己的弱点是成功的关键。(aware)_As far as Im aware，being well aware of your own weaknesses is the key to success_4这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。(urge)_The report urged that all the children (should) be taught to swim_5这种渔网不仅会把鱼给网住，还会将其他的海洋动物一并抓住，而且这些动物通常因为没人买而被扔掉。(not onlybut also)_This kind of fi
39、shing net not only catches the target fish but also many other sea animals，which would be thrown away because they are not needed for marketing_语篇填空The story is about how the killers helped whalers catch huge whales And it was when the writer was working at the whaling station _1that_ he witnessed i
40、t with his own eyesOld Tom, one of the killers often led George, the writer and other whalers to the spot, _2where _ a pack of about six other killers _3were attacking_ (attack) a whale While some were throwing themselves on top of the whales blow-hole to stop it _4breathing_ (breathe), others were
41、stopping it fleeing out to sea And _5finally _ (final), when the whaler killed the whale with harpoon, they dragged the dead whale down into the _6depths_ (deep) of the sea and ate up its lips and tongue After 24 hours, they brought it to the surface, _7waiting_ (wait) for the whalers to bring in th
42、e bodyIts _8 astonishing_ (astonish) to know Old Tom and the other killers never harmed or attacked people; instead, they helped and saved them when they were _9in_trouble For example, when James was once washed off the boat and struggled in the water, it was Old Tom that held him up in the water _1
43、0until_ they got the boat back to James话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文近十年来很多海洋生物灭绝了，引起全世界的广泛关注。假设你是李华，请在环境保护日写一篇关于保护海洋的英文演讲稿。要点如下：海洋受到污染的现状；保护海洋的重要性。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)众所周知，在海洋深处有各种资源。As we all know，there are varieties of resources _at the depth of the ocean_过去的十年目睹了很多海洋生物的灭绝。_The past decade has witness
44、ed_that many marine creatures have died out海洋污染受到全球极大的关注。Marine pollution _has been greatly concerned_ by the whole world我们应该使人们意识到保护海洋的重要性，因为保护海洋就是保护人类。We must _make people aware of the importance of protecting the ocean_，because to protect the ocean is to protect human beings政府应督促立即采取措施保持生态平衡。The
45、government should _ urge immediate measures should be taken to keep the balance of nature_无论多么大的困难，我们绝不放弃保护海洋。No matter how great the difficulty is，we will never _abandon protecting the ocean_升级平淡句利用倒装句式升级句_No matter how great the difficulty is，never will we abandon protecting the ocean _衔接成美文(请利用适当
46、的过渡衔接词汇，如：on the one hand，on the other hand，therefore，however等)_As we all know，there are varieties of resources at the depth of the ocean However, the past decade has witnessed that many marine creatures have died out Therefore, marine pollution has been greatly concerned by the whole world On the o
47、ne hand, we must make people aware of the importance of protecting the ocean，because to protect the ocean is to protect human beings On the other hand, the government should urge immediate measures should be taken to keep the balance of nature No matter how great the difficulty is, never will we abandon protecting the ocean _
