1、.阅读理解Scientists study the natural world by using “scientific method” .When a scientist observes some phenomenon in nature, he develops an idea, called a theory or hypothesis (假设)，about what is happening.Then he does an experiment to test his theory.If the results are as expected, then the experiment
2、 proves the hypothesis which makes it more likely that the theory is correct.If the experiment fails and the results are not as expected, then the scientist must come up with a new theory that he can test.In ancient times great thinkers came up with complicated theories to explain nature, but they d
3、id not always prove them by experiment.For example, the great Greek thinker Aristotle, had a theory that heavy objects would fall faster than light objects.People believed this until the scientist Galileo performed an experiment and found it was wrong.Heres an experiment that you can use to prove or
4、 disprove a commonsense theory：Step 1: Get an empty bottle with a small neck.A diameter (直径) of 1/2 inch should be ideal.Step 2：Cut a sheet of paper to a square 5 inches on each side.Step 3：Crumple(压皱) the paper into a tight wad(块状物)Step 4：Lay the bottle on its side and place the paper so it lies lo
5、osely in the neck of the bottle.Construct a theory about what will happen if you put your mouth about a half inch from the neck of the bottle and blow hard towards it.A commonsense theory might be that the wad would be blown into the bottle by the force of the breath.Now do your experiment to see wh
6、at really happens.If your theory was that the wad would be blown by the force of the air into the bottle, the experiment gave you unexpected results.In most cases the wad is blown out of the neck of the bottle in the opposite direction.A new theory might be that the air being blown into the bottle c
7、reates a whirlwind(旋风) of air currents(气流)in the closed space which push the wad out.本文是一篇说明文。科学家一般用实验证明自己的理论或假设。本文介绍了用一个简单的四步实验来验证常识理论是否正确。1The writer mentions Aristotles theory to show _.Ahe was a great thinker in ancient timesBhe was less successful than GalileoCobjects of different weights fall
8、at the same speedDexperiments are necessary to support theories答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，特别是“.Aristotle，had a theory that heavy objects would fall faster than light objects.People believed this until the scientist Galileo performed an experiment and found it was wrong.”可知，亚里士多德认为重的物体比轻的物体先落地，但被伽利略用实验证明是
9、错误的，这说明，用实验来证明理论是必要的，故选D项。2According to the passage, what is not required in the fourstep experiment?AA pair of scissors.BA piece of paper.CA bottle.DA strong breath.答案：A解析：细节理解题。文中提及了an empty bottle，a sheet of paper和blow hard，即做实验需要B、C、D三项。3Whats the best title for the passage?ACome to Nature with
10、ScientistsBMake up a New TheoryCExperiment with Breath in a BottleDWatch Out for Common Sense答案：D解析：标题归纳题。本文通过介绍一个四步实验来说明我们的常识并不总是正确的，故D项“当心常识”符合题意。.语法填空A Strange DiseaseWhen the _1_(construct) of the firework factory came to the stage of painting, a pump was put in. Then, all the painters in the ne
11、ighborhood _2_(defeat) by a severe disease _3_ characteristic was similar to that of a bad burn.An expert physician was enthusiastic about curing _4_，but he didnt foresee that it was so _5_(challenge) a task. After simple enquiries, he announced that the polluted paint was _6_(blame). But without po
12、sitive evidence, people suspected and rejected his view，saying the theory he put forward made no sense. Being much more strict _7_ himself, he contributed his time to the case.Apart from making enquiries, he made detailed charts and analysed the data cautiously. Finally, he drew a scientific _8_(con
13、clude), linking the disease to the radium in the pump._9_(expose) to radium, a kind of radioactive material in the universe, people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately.Spinning the pump backward, he took away the radium. This simple _10_(move) cured all the victims.1construction2.were_defeated3.whose4.it5.challenging6to_blame7.with8.conclusion9.Exposed10.movement
