1、北京101中学2020-2021学年下学期高二年级期末考试英语试卷（考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：100分）第一部分：知识运用（共三节, 30分）第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to _1_ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Wor
2、ried about my health, I tried many different kinds of _2_ but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my weight.When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me _3_. I didnt want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more.That year, I attended a seminar wh
3、ere we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her success story she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children._4_ by her story, I created the As We Heal, the World Heals project. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year
4、and raise $50,000_5_ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world hit me as the perfect solution. As I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would _6_ the same difficulties that beat me before. _7_the fear h
5、ung over my head, there were also signs that I was heading down the right path. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began _8_in from hundreds of people.Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physicia
6、n; I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and healthy meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise _9_.A year later, I reached my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that Ive been given a second life to devote to something that is _10_ and enormous.1
7、. A. addB. mixC. shareD. kill2. A. dietsB. drinksC. fruitsD. dishes3. A. temporarilyB. recentlyC. seriouslyD. secretly4. A. SurprisedB. InfluencedC. AmusedD. Disturbed5. A. in search ofB. in need ofC. in support ofD. in place of6. A. get overB. run intoC. look forD. put aside7. A. WhileB. OnceC. IfD
8、. Unless8. A. breakingB. floodingC. jumpingD. stepping9. A. regularlyB. limitlesslyC. suddenlyD. randomly10. A. stressfulB. painfulC. peacefulD. meaningful【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了有超重问题的作者在参加了一个研讨会后，受到负责人故事的影响，也创立了自己的项目和减肥目标，最后在作者的坚持下，作者达成了目标，减掉了15
9、0磅，筹集了5万美元。觉得自己被赋予了第二次生命，去献身于一些有意义和伟大的事情。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和食物的关系很不好：我用它来消除糟糕的感觉，让自己感觉好一些，并用来庆祝。A. add增加；B. mix混合；C. share分享；D. kill杀死，消除。根据后文“bad feelings, to make myself feel better”可知作者借助食物来消除自己糟糕的感觉。故选D。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于担心我的健康，我尝试了许多不同种类的饮食，但都不起作用。A. diets饮食；B. drinks饮料；C. fruits水果；D. dishes
10、菜肴。根据前文“Worried about my health”可知，因为担心健康，所以作者尝试了不同种类的饮食。故选A。3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我50岁时，我的体重问题开始严重影响我。A. temporarily临时地；B. recently最近；C. seriously严重地；D. secretly秘密地。根据后一句“I didnt want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more.”可知，作者的体重问题已经开始严重地影响到了他的生活。故选C。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受她故事的影响，我创
11、建了“As We Heal, the World Heals”项目。A. Surprised惊讶；B. Influenced 影响；C. Amused逗笑；D. Disturbed干扰。根据上文“she had not only 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.”以及后文作者也实现了自己减肥和筹款的目标，可知作者被她的故事所影响。故选B。【5题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我的目标是在一年内减掉150磅，并筹集5万美元来支持30年前发起的一项结束饥饿的运动。A. in search of寻找；B. in n
12、eed of需要；C. in support of 支持；D. in place of代替。根据后文“a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger”可知，作者筹款的目的是为了支持30年前发起的一项结束饥饿的运动。故选C。【6题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我开始我自己的体重计划时，我充满了恐惧，我害怕我会遇到以前打败我的同样的困难。A. get over克服；B. run into遭遇；C. look for寻找；D. put aside撇开。根据后文“the same difficulties that beat me before”指作者害怕
13、遇到以前遇到过的困难，run into符合语境。故选B。【7题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当恐惧笼罩着我的时候，也有迹象表明我正走在正确的道路上。A. While当时候；B. Once一旦；C. If如果；D. Unless除非。根据空前后句意可知，空处需用while引导时间状语从句。故选A。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数以百计的人开始纷纷捐款。A. breaking打破；B. flooding泛滥；C. jumping跳跃；D. stepping踏步。根据前文“It worked perfectly. ”和后文“in from hundreds of people”可知，因为效果很
14、好，所以人们开始纷纷捐款，短语flood in“大量涌入”。故选B。【9题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我对筹款的关注也给了我定期锻炼的新动力。A. regularly定期地；B. limitlessly无限制地；C. suddenly突然；D. randomly随便地。根据上文“My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise” 对筹款的关注也给了作者定期锻炼的新动力，regularly符合语境。故选A。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我被赋予了第二次生命，去献身于一些有意义和伟大的事情。A. stres
15、sful紧张的；B. painful痛苦的；C. peaceful和平的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Ive been given a second life to devote to something”以及后文“and enormous”结合上文作者不仅减了肥，还筹集到了资金，可知，作者觉得自己被赋予了第二次生命，去献身于一些有意义和伟大的事情。故选D。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Born into a rich famil
16、y, Eileen Chang read a lot of classical Chinese literature and started publishing stories when she was still in middle school. However, in her early 20s, Chang lived in Japanese-occupied Shanghai and went through the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (19311945). During the turbulent (动荡的
17、)period, Chang was inspired by _11_ she saw and wrote many of her best works. Eileen Chang, _12_ (recognize) as one of the great writers of modern Chinese literature, dealt with common topics with _13_ (grace) writing style and intimate understanding of human psychology.【答案】11. what 12. recognized#r
18、ecognised 13. graceful【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作家张爱玲的故事。【11题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在那段动荡时期，张爱玲受到了她所看到的启发，写出了许多她最好的作品。分析句子结构可知，介词by需接连接词引导宾语从句，连接词在宾语从句中作动词saw的宾语，表示看到的内容，所以空处需用连接词what引导宾语从句。故填what。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：张爱玲是公认的中国现代文学的伟大作家之一，她以优美的写作风格和对人类心理的深刻理解处理了常见的话题。本句已有谓语动词短语dealt with，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；空处动词recog
19、nize与主语Eileen Chang之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作定语。故填recognized/recognised。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词style，grace对应的形容词为graceful“优美的，优雅的”。故填graceful。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Technology in sports is a beautiful thing. With the help of modern technology, including AI,
20、 sports coverage _14_ (get) more interesting recently. However, this doesnt mean technology is flawless.In October, a Scottish soccer club decided to livestream its matches due to the pandemic, using an AI robot camera to track the ball. _15_, the camera appeared to mistake the bald(秃头的) head of the
21、 referee for the ball, so it repeatedly _16_ (swing) back to follow the referee instead of the actual game. Many viewers who paid for the match complained they missed their team scoring a goal because of this error. Some suggested that the referee should be given a hat.【答案】14. has got#has been getti
22、ng#is getting 15. However 16. swung【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述科技在体育运动中是一件美好的事情，但也有不完美的地方。【14题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：科技在体育运动中是一件美好的事情。在包括人工智能在内的现代技术的帮助下，体育报道最近变得更加有趣了。分析可知设空处为谓语，根据语境可知是造成的结果，或者还将持续进行的动作，因此可以用现在完成时，现在完成进行时或者现在进行时，主语是sports coverage，谓语要用第三人称单数，故填has got/has been getting/is getting。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：然而
23、，摄像机似乎把裁判的光头当成了球，所以它不停地向后摆动，跟随裁判而不是真正的比赛。分析可知，此句同上文“In October, a Scottish soccer club decided to livestream its matches due to the pandemic, using an AI robot camera to track the ball. ”构成转折关系，位于句首并且有逗号隔开，应用however，位于首句首字母大写，故填However。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：同上。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据上文的“appeared”可知应用一般过去时，故填swung。C
24、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Beijing is a city of combinations, with clusters of old structures surrounded by high-rise buildings and tower blocks of apartments, many of _17_ were built within the last 30 years. If we compare a city _18_ a tree, the typical landmark
25、buildings are like growth rings of the tree, _19_ (record) the development of the citys culture and economy. It is these historical buildings _20_ silently express a way of life and a living imprint of time.【答案】17. which 18. to 19. recording 20. that【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的建筑背后的意义。【17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：北
26、京是一座综合性城市，由高层建筑和公寓塔楼包围的老建筑群，其中许多是在过去30年内建成的。介词of后需接关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是apartments，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，作of的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：如果我们把一座城市比作一棵树，典型的标志性建筑就像树上的年轮，记录着城市文化和经济的发展。compareto把比作，固定搭配。故填to。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。本句已有动词are，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词record与主句主语之间是主动关系，所以此处需用现在分词作状语。故
27、填recording。【20题详解】考查强调句型。句意：正是这些历史建筑默默地表达了一种生活方式和一种活生生的时间印记。分析句子结构可知，去掉本句的It is和空格处，本句句子成分完整，所以本句使用了强调句型：It is+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分是人)，本句强调的是主语，指事物。故填that。第三节 单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示，用单词的适当形式填空。21. Students who work hard and make all efforts d _ good grades. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】deserve#es
28、erve【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：努力学习并且全力以赴的学生应获得好成绩。根据句意“应得，值得”和首字母“d”可知，应填动词deserve，“who work hard and make all efforts”为定语从句，空处为主句谓语动词，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为students，谓语动词使用原形。故填deserve。22. It is certain that at present we can develop cloning either naturally or a _. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】artificially#rtificially【解析】
29、【分析】【详解】考查副词。句意：可以肯定的是，目前我们可以自然地或人工地进行克隆。根据either.or.可知，设空处的词义与naturally（自然地）相反，根据首字母提示可以想到artificially（人工地）。故填artificially。【点睛】23. A study shows that it is IQ but not EQ that gets you e _ when you hunt for a job. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】employed#mployed【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一项研究表明，当你找工作时，是智商而不是情商让你找到工作。根据句意“雇佣
30、”和首字母“e”可知，应填动词employ，get sb. done为固定用法，you和employ为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填employed。24. The world has w_ great changes in China in the past twenty years. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】witnessed#itnessed【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：在过去的二十年里，世界目睹了中国的巨大变化。根据所给出的首字母提示和句意可知，应是动词“witness”，意为“目睹；见证”，结合空前助动词“has”以及时间状语“in the p
31、ast twenty years(在过去的二十年里)”可知，应是现在完成时：has done，因此所填动词应是过去分词形式。故填witnessed。25. The training of basic ice sports knowledge and languages q _ him to be a volunteer for the coming Winter Olympics. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】qualifies#ualifies#qualified#ualified【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：冰上运动基础知识和语言的训练使他有资格成为即将到来的冬奥会的
32、志愿者。根据句意及首字母提示可知设空处应用动词qualify（使.有资格），在句中作谓语。从语法角度分析，本句使用一般过去时和一般现在时均可。一般过去时表示过去的行为或状态，一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，主语的特征、能力等。如用一般现在时，需考虑主谓一致，本句中主语为the training，为第三人称单数形式，故谓语为qualifies；如用一般过去时，谓语则为过去式qualified。综上，故填qualifies/qualified。【点睛】26. The well-trained dog can f_ newspapers from the doorway at its
33、 masters command. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】fetch#etch【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意:经过训练的狗能在主人的命令下从门口取报纸。空格前是情态动词，故空格处填动词原形，结合语境和首字母可知是动词“fetch”，意为：取回。故填fetch。27. The _ (爆发)of Covid-19 has meant great changes in our life and work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】outbreak【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：新冠肺炎疫情的爆发意味着我们的生活和工作发生了巨大变化。根据汉语提示可知，outbreak爆发，名词作主语，
34、符合题意；由空后助动词has 可知，空处名词需用单数。故填outbreak 。28. Scientists _ (估计)that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 2 years on average. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】estimate【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：科学家估计，吸烟平均会使预期寿命减少约2年。根据汉语提示可知，estimate估计，动词作谓语，符合题意；本句陈述事实，谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是复数，所以空处谓语动词需用原形。故填estimate。29. A number of social _ (因素)h
35、ave led to a decline in the birthrate. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】factors【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：许多社会因素导致了出生率的下降。根据汉语提示可知，factor因素，可数名词作主语；a number of许多，后接可数名词复数。故填factors。30. I have won the first prize in an oral English contest, which will make me more _ (有竞争力的)in the interpreting work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】competiti
36、ve【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我曾在一次英语口语比赛中获得一等奖，这将使我在口译工作中更具竞争力。根据汉语提示可知，competitive有竞争力的，形容词作宾语补足语，符合题意。故填competitive。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAfter a terrible electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, the whole world became comple
37、tely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.One hot summer a
38、fternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was hit by the lightning. Passers-by thought he was dead but he woke up some 20 minutes later lying face down in muddy water at the base of the
39、 tree. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a plough and a wall. When Mrs. Edwards came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.The news of Robert
40、regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread, and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a convincing answer as to why this should have happened. The only reasonable expla
41、nation given by one doctor was that, since Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.31. The reason for Roberts attempts to kill himself was that _.A. a terrible traffic accident happened to himB. he had
42、to live in a dark and silent worldC. he was hit by the lightning once moreD. nobody in the world cared about him32. We can infer from the text that _.A. there was no accurate explanation for Roberts recoveryB. many doctors came because Robert was badly injuredC. Roberts wife sent for doctors immedia
43、tely after the shockD. a sudden injury in the head led to Roberts recovery33. Whats the best title of the whole passage?A. A Terrible Electrical AccidentB. Robert Edwards and His WifeC. What a Sudden ShockD. An Unforgettable Experience【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了文章主要讲述了罗伯特因为电击导致视力与听力的丧
44、失，以至于想轻生，后来第二次电击使他康复。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life.（失去视力和听力使他非常悲伤，有几次他想结束自己的生命。）”可知，罗伯特企图自杀的原因是他不得不生活在一个黑暗而寂静的世界里。故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from
45、 the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a convincing answer as to why this should have happened.（大多数人说，他在闪电的打击下恢复了视力和听力。然而，对于为什么会发生这种情况，他们中没有一个人能给出令人信服的答案。）”可推知，罗伯特的康复没有准确的解释。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since
46、Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock（一位医生给出的唯一合理的解释是，由于罗伯特因突然电击而失去了视力和听力，也许他恢复视力和听力的唯一方法就是再一次突然电击）”可知，文章主要讲述了罗伯特因为电击导致视力与听力的丧失，以至于想轻生，后来第二次电击使他康复。故选C。BThe HairMax Laser BandThe Ultimate Hair Loss Las
47、er DeviceHairMax, the company that revolutionized non-surgical，non-drug hair regrowth, now brings you the hand-free Laser Band, the most technologically advanced hair growth laser treatment yetSuper-Fast TechnologyThe Laser Band adopts a new band design. The Laser Band effectively delivers nourishin
48、g light energy to your follicles (发囊)to regrow your hair with a super-fast treatment in as little as 90 seconds8 Proven BenefitsHairMax laser treatments are proven to treat hair loss, stimulate new hair growth，reverse thinning hair, activate hair follicles, renew aging hair, repair damaged hair, spe
49、ed hair growth，strengthen and thicken hairMoney Back GuaranteeTry a HairMax laser device with a 5-month money back guarantee and see for yourself the dramatic difference it can make in your hairVisit HairM for our full collection of laser devices, shampoo, hair treatments and supplementsDevices star
50、ting from $195Order any laser device and receive free shipping, and $20 HairMax Gift Card which can be used for your next shoppingAsk about our Buy 1 Get 1 FREE shampoo at HairMaxcom34. Why is the HairMax Laser Band so special?A. You can keep your hands free when using the HairMax Laser BandB. You h
51、ave a 5-month trial of the band with money back guaranteeC. The band has proven to be effective for all of your hair problemsD. The band requires no operations but medicines to regrow your hair35. Which of the following treatments can NOT be provided by the HairMax Laser Band?A. To prevent hair fall
52、.B. To keep the hair watery.C. To nourish the damaged hair.D. To add volume to make it fuller.36. The second time you order a laser device at HairM, you should pay at least _.A. $195B. $97.5C. $175D. $215【答案】34. A 35. B 36. C【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告类应用文。文章介绍了一种高科技产品LaserBand的功能、效果、保修措施和购买方式等事项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根
53、据第一段“HairMax, the company that revolutionized non-surgical，non-drug hair regrowth, now brings you the hand-free Laser Band, the most technologically advanced hair growth laser treatment yet(HairMax是一家革命性的非手术、非药物毛发再生公司，现在为您带来了免提激光束，这是迄今为止技术最先进的毛发生长激光治疗。)”可知， HairMax这家致力于“无手术、不吃药”的头发再生治疗的公司本次推出的最新高科技产
54、品是这个无需手持的激光发带。所以HairMax Laser Band的特别之处在于使用HairMax激光束时，无需手持激光发带。故选A项。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“HairMax laser treatments are proven to treat hair loss, stimulate new hair growth，reverse thinning hair, activate hair follicles, renew aging hair, repair damaged hair, speed hair growth，strengthen and thicken ha
55、ir(HairMax激光治疗已被证明可以治疗脱发，刺激新的头发生长，逆转脱发，激活毛囊，更新老化的头发，修复受损的头发，加速头发生长，坚固头发和使头发变厚。)”可知，HairMax Laser Band可以治疗脱发，刺激新的头发生长，逆转脱发，激活毛囊，更新老化的头发，修复受损的头发，加速头发生长，坚固头发和使头发变厚，但不能保持头发湿润。故选B项。【36题详解】细节理解题。 根据文中的“Devices start from$195.( 设备起价195美元。)” 以及“Order any laser device and receive free shipping, and $20 HairM
56、ax Gift Card which can be used for your next shopping(订购任何激光设备，即可获得免费送货服务，以及20美元的HairMax礼品卡，可用于下次购物。)”可知，下次网上预订时可使用礼券，最少付：$195-$20=$175。 故选C项。CArcheology （考古学）isnt the dusty science it was a generation ago. New technologies that once seemed out of sci-fi are now locating buried traces of buildings a
57、nd revealing the ruins of cities.For more than a decade, Sarah Parcak and her team have been on the front line of this revolution. They use satellite images to find and explore ancient sites around the globe. Now theyre about to take on a new challenge as they focus Global Xplorer citizen-science pr
58、oject on India.In 2017, Parcak launched an online platform, called Global Xplorer, to crowd source （群众外包）the initial assessment of satellite images for signs of cultures from long ago. Anyone in the world with a computer and Internet access could help discover and protect remains of Perus rich cultu
59、ral heritage. The results have been surprising. About 80,000 participants from a hundred countries have identified 19,000 sites that were not in Perus database. The platform for Peru is still running.If all goes well, the work in India could last for years. India has had relatively little archaeolog
60、ical work done, Parcak says. Also, the full extent of Indias archaeological work has never been mapped completely. Parcak expects her project to make up that. “Wherever we end up going, the crowds going to be able to see extraordinary things, Parcak says.Thirty six Indias cultural heritage relics ar
61、e already listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Parcak thinks there could be tens of thousands of as yet unknown sites mapped as part of this project. The discoveries promise to be amazing across the land that has seen a parade of cultures come and go.In the future, she hopes other countries will c
62、ontact her to launch their own satellite surveys. The possibilities are huge. Parcak estimates that there are at least 12 million potential archaeological sites yet to be discovered. That means the sky is the limit for her project now that it has gotten off the ground successfully.37. Whats the purp
63、ose of Parcaks project?A. To interview citizens via the Internet.B. To dig out more remains of ancient cities.C. To build databases for unknown cultural heritage.D. To identify unknown ancient sites through joint efforts.38. What do we know about the participants in Peru project?A. They are Internet
64、-equipped volunteers.B. They are well-trained voluntary scholars.C. They are mostly fans of archeology in Peru.D. They are all archaeologists all over the world.39. Why is Parcaks project important to India?A. India lacks thorough archaeological work.B. Indians call for the protection of their rich
65、cultures.C. Theres no amazing archaeological discovery in India.D India needs more relics listed as World Heritage Sites.40. What does the underlined sentence The possibilities are huge. in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Parcaks project will become successful.B. Few countries will start satellite surveys.C. Th
66、ere will be amazing discoveries in India.D. More archaeological sites will be identified.【答案】37. D 38. A 39. A 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。通过记叙萨拉创立现代考古平台Global Xplorer的一些经历，来发表一些观点。比如，考古不再是几十年前灰头土脸的科学，而是可以利用高科技来定位和发掘这些埋在城市废墟底下的古迹了。【37题详解】推理判断题。这是推理判断题类型里的目的意图题。问帕卡克项目的目的是什么。首先定位在帕卡克项目第一次出现的地方：第一段末尾和第二段
67、开头两句话：Now theyre about to take on a new challenge as they focus Global Xplorer citizen-science project on India.现在他们即将接受一个新的挑战，他们将把全球公民科学项目的重点放在印度。In 2017, Parcak launched an online platform, called Global Xplorer, to crowd source （群众外包）the initial assessment of satellite images for signs of culture
68、s from long ago. 2017年，Parcak推出了一个名为Global Xplorer的在线平台，用于对卫星图像进行初步评估，寻找远古文明的迹象。从这些信息可以看出来帕卡克是想发动群众的力量来寻找古迹，而网络是最方便的路径。这句意图对很久以前的文化古迹卫星图像进行初始评估也就是说通过群众即大家的力量来辨别卫星图像。此意与D选项切合：To identify unknown ancient sites through joint efforts.通过联合的力量来辨识不知名的古迹。故选D。【38题详解】推理判断题。通过题干中的participants in Peru project定位
69、文章中的相应位置。Anyone in the world with a computer and Internet access could help discover and protect remains of Perus rich cultural heritage.文章中说全世界任何拥有电脑和能上网的人都帮助找出,并发现、保护秘鲁丰富的文化遗产。这句话足以说明此题的答案全世界任何拥有电脑和能够上网的人即是参与者participants，他们不需要培训，所以B选项排除；他们也不一定对在秘鲁的考古感兴趣，所以排除C；他们是来自于全世界各地的考古学家，更是无中生有,可以排除。因此A选项：“T
70、hey are Internet-equipped volunteers.他们都是网络装备好了的志愿者们”最切合题意。故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。审题得知帕卡克的项目对于印度很重要的原因是什么。可以浏览信息得知定位于第四段：If all goes well, the work in India could last for years. 如果一切进展顺利，印度的考古工作得延续十年以上。India has had relatively little archaeological work done, Parcak says.帕卡克说，“印度的考古工作做得相对来说比较少” Also, the
71、 full extent of Indias archaeological work has never been mapped completely.此外，印度考古工作的全部范围从未被完全绘制出来。因此可以推出印度的考古还是很欠缺的。而A选项：“India lacks thorough archaeological work.印度缺乏彻底的考古工作”切合题意。这里完全thorough和completely同义转换得来的。所以推出此题答案为A选项。故选A。【40题详解】词义猜测题。此题实际为猜测句意题。此类题目一定要回扣文章，看句子的出处。句子的前一句是：In the future, she
72、hopes other countries will contact her to launch their own satellite surveys. 将来，她希望其他国家会联系她发起他们自己的卫星调查。句子的后一句是： Parcak estimates that there are at least 12 million potential archaeological sites yet to be discovered.帕卡克估计至少有1200万潜在的古迹遗址还没有被发现。这么多的古迹遗址没有被发现，其被发现的可能性是很高的。据此可推出D选项：More archaeological
73、sites will be identified.更多的考古遗址会被确认。这和文章意思切合。故选D。DIntegrityIntegrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right. The concept of integrity has played a key role in moral philosophy throughout history and is promoted in all societies because of its importance to soci
74、al relations. Individual integrity is vital to society, one that enables people to make use of their capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals to betray each other. Besides, societies can be favorable to the development of
75、individual integrity.Individual integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. It can shape the lives of people living in a particular society, the lives of all fellow people and, in its broadest sense, even the destiny(命运) of a nation. By contrast, if those living in the society are corru
76、pt, it could have bad effects, jeopardizing the healthy morality of the society.On the other hand, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity. Society expects and requires integrity. A society consisting of people of integrity, and people who never compromise on their prin
77、ciples, could have a positive mark on the personal development of its members. Being a part of such a morally lively community could serve as a basis for absorbing traits of good character. This could be of a distinct advantage to any individuals in the society.However, some social structures are of
78、 the wrong sort for some individuals to pursue(追求) integrity. If that is the case, we have to ask questions about the moral nature of society first before raising questions about individual integrity. Questions about integrity may turn out to be about what kind of society it is, rather than about th
79、e relationship between individual interests and characteristics of a society. The pursuit of adequate individual integrity often depends, not so much on understanding who one is and what one believes and is committed to, but rather understanding what ones society is and imagining what it could be.Un
80、der no circumstances can we underestimate the importance of human integrity in a society. People, who are honest, trustworthy, compassionate and caring, are the factors decisive in the growth of individuals as well as the development of a society.41. Individual integrity has been valued in society b
81、ecause _.A. it helps develop philosophyB. it is the basis of critical thinkingC. it is important to social relationsD. it ensures peoples particular roles42. The underlined word “jeopardizing” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. strengtheningB. assessingC. influencingD. destroying43. The writer belie
82、ves that _.A. the nature of society is decided by economic developmentB. the pursuit of individual integrity changes with timeC. individual integrity depends on what one believesD. social structures guide the formation of individual integrity44. Which of the following shows the development of ideas
83、in this passage? CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C：ConclusionA. B. C. D. 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. D 44. A【解析】【分析】本文主要讲的是正直是诚实和坚强的品质，个人诚信对社会是至关重要的，它使人们能够充分利用自己的批判性思考能力。不迫使人们承担特定的角色，也不鼓励个人背叛彼此，社会也有利于个人诚信的发展。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“ Individual integrity is vital to society, one that enables people to
84、make use of their capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals to betray each other.”可知，个人诚信对社会是至关重要的。故选C。【42题详解】词义推测题。根据“ By contrast, if those living in the society are corrupt, it could have bad effects, jeopardizing the he
85、althy morality of the society.”可知，相反，如果生活在社会中的人是腐败的，就会有不良的影响，危害社会的健康道德。故选D。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据“ A society consisting of people of integrity, and people who never compromise on their principles, could have a positive mark on the personal development of its members.”可知，社会结构引导个人诚信的形成。故选D。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据“In
86、tegrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right.”“Individual integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. ”“On the other hand, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity.”“However, some social structures are of the wrong sor
87、t for some individuals to pursue(追求) integrity. ”可知文章是总分总的结构来写。故选A。【名师点睛】推理判断题，求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题的题干中一般有infer，suggest，imply，conclude，indicate等标志性词语。这种题型主要包括细节推断题，态度观点推断题，写作意图推断题，文章出处推断题和猜测想象推断题。如本题的（4）小题。4. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this
88、passage? CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C：ConclusionA. B. C. D. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mind YourQs”Both IQ and EQ are considered important to our career success._45_Enter adaptability quotient(AQ),a subjective set of qualities loosely defined as
89、 the ability to thrive(提高） in an environment of fast and frequent change.Every profession will require adaptability and flexibility.Say you are an accountant.Your IQ gets you through the examinations to become qualified.Your EQ helps your connect with an interviewer,land a job,and develop relationsh
90、ips with clients and colleagues_46_All three quotients are somewhat complementary,since they all help you solve problems and therefore adapt.An ideal candidate possesses all three,but not everyone does._47_While there is no definite method of measuring adaptability like an IQ test,companies are chan
91、ging their recruitment(招聘）processes to help identify people who may be high in it.Natalie Fratto,a vice-president at Goldman Sachs,suggests three ways AQ might show in potential candidates:if they can picture possible versions of the future by askingwhat if questions;if they can unlearn information
92、to challenge presumptions;and if they enjoy exploration or seeking out new experiences._48_First,limit distractions and learn to focus so that you can determine what adaptations to make.Second,ask uncomfortable questions to develop courage and normalize fear. Third,be curious about things that fasci
93、nate you by having more conversations rather than Googling the answer,something that reduces your ability to solve difficult challenges.Over the next three years,120 million people in the worlds largest economies may need to be reskilled because of automation,according to a 2019 IBM study._49_The ab
94、ility to learn, change,grow,experiment will become far more important than subject expertise.A. AQ is now increasingly being sought at the hiring level.B. One good thing about AQ is that experts say you can work to develop it.C. We may not all be comfortable with the pace of change-but we can prepar
95、e.D. This is because an algorithm(算法）can do these tasks faster and more accurately than a human.E. But today,as technology redefines how we work,the skills we need to thrive in the job market are developeing too. F. Having IQ but no EQ would leave you struggling to embrace new ways of working using
96、your existing skills.G. Then,when systems change or aspects of work are automated,you will need AQ to accommodate this innovation and adapt to new ways of performing your role.【答案】45. E 46. G 47. A 48. B 49. C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了 “AQ”的重要性。【45题详解】结合前文Both IQ and EQ are considered important to our c
97、areer success. 智商和情商都被认为是我们事业成功的重要因素。E. But today, as technology redefines how we work, the skills we need to thrive in the job market are developeing too. 但是今天，随着科技重新定义了我们的工作方式，我们在就业市场上成长所需要的技能也在发展。与前文之前事业成功所需要的因素形成递进关系，不仅需要原来的能力，所需要的技能如今也在发展。故选E项。【46题详解】结合前文Every profession will require adaptabili
98、ty and flexibility. 每个职业都需要适应能力和灵活性。G. Then, when systems change or aspects of work are automated, you will need AQ to accommodate this innovation and adapt to new ways of performing your role. 然后，当系统变更或工作的各个方面被自动化时，你将需要AQ来适应这种创新并适应执行你的角色的新方法。与前文工作时需要适应能力和灵活性来适应新的创新和角色相照应。故选G项。【47题详解】An ideal candid
99、ate possesses all three, but not everyone does.理想的候选人具备这三点，但并不是每个人都具备。不是每个人都同时具有三种Q，但是AQ在公司的招聘中逐渐得到重视。A. AQ is now increasingly being sought at the hiring level. 现在越来越多地在雇用方面注重AQ。符合此处语境。故选A项。【48题详解】结合后文First,limit distractions and learn to focus so that you can determine what adaptations to make.Sec
100、ond,ask uncomfortable questions to develop courage and normalize fear. Third,be curious about things that fascinate you by having more conversations rather than Googling the answer,something that reduces your ability to solve difficult challenges. 首先，限制分心，学会集中注意力，这样你就能决定适应什么。第二，问一些不舒服的问题来培养勇气并使恐惧正常化
101、。第三，对那些能吸引你的事情保持好奇，多聊几句，而不是在谷歌上搜索答案，这样会降低你解决困难挑战的能力。介绍了提升AQ的方法，因此AQ是可以开发的。B. One good thing about AQ is that experts say you can work to develop it. AQ的一个好处是，专家说你可以努力开发它。符合此处语境。故选B项。【49题详解】结合前文Over the next three years,120 million people in the worlds largest economies may need to be reskilled becau
102、se of automation,according to a 2019 IBM study. 根据IBM 2019年的一项研究，在未来三年里，全球最大经济体的1.2亿人可能需要因为自动化而重新获得技能。因此我们需要做好准备进行适应。C. We may not all be comfortable with the pace of change-but we can prepare. 我们可能不是所有人都能适应变化的速度，但我们可以做好准备。符合此处语境。故选C项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第50、51小题各2分，第52小题3分，第53小题5分，共12分）
103、阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Strengthen Your Immune SystemOne aspect of the Covid-19 pandemic that has kept us guessing since the early days is why some people who get the virus dont suffer much and others become desperately ill. What factors give some people a stronger immune system than others, regardless of
104、 age? We know that our immune systems slowly decline as we age. The difference in rate of decline between individuals is one of sciences big mysteries. The immune system is complex, but most of us understand the basics: Our bodies detect an intruder（入侵者） a virus or bacterium, and produce white blood
105、 cells to combat the problem.No one knows why our bodies dont produce as many immune cells as we get older. Researchers got some insights, especially regarding T cells, which are white blood cells that attack viruses. We possess two broad categories of T cells: “memory” cells that have encountered a
106、 certain pathogen（衣原体）and “remember” how to fight it. The other is “nave” cells, which have yet to fight anything. As we age, it seems that the number of nave T cells decreases.And those are exactly the cells needed to recognize newly emerging microorganisms like the Covid-19 virus. This means that
107、when that virus something our immune systems havent seen before shows up, most of us dont have memory T cells to use, so the nave cells have to take on the fight. Since older folks have fewer nave cells to fight with, as a group they are more vulnerable. The reasons why these key cells decline over
108、time could be various and genetics plays a part. But its debatable how big a part compared with environment and lifestyle.Chronic low-grade inflammation (炎症) that develops with advanced age can also affect the immune system. Lifestyle factorspoor sleep, ongoing stress, and weight gain are common cau
109、ses, as are systemic issues such as autoimmune diseases and decreased liver or kidney function. This inflammation causes the immune system to operate abnormally, which accelerates the aging process and can cause many other diseases. While you cant do anything about your genetic makeup, slowing it do
110、wn can mean a higher immune reserve when you need it most. Fortunately, many factors that positively affect your immune system are within your control, including regular workouts and eating properly. Regular workouts boost immune function and lower inflammation. Exercises strengthen the body and may
111、 be the most important lifestyle intervention (干预) you can add. Eating right and avoiding obesity, whose inflammatory effect is deadly, are common sense. Besides, research has shown that stress can speed immune senescence (衰老). Self-care in this area is critical, from anti-stress activities to askin
112、g for help in unresolved stressful situations.The pandemic has changed peoples lives and it will lead to a new era in immunity research. If we can do a wider search rather than chase after individual diseases, we will handle all immune challenges better.50. How does the immune system work?51. Why ar
113、e the old considered more vulnerable?52. Paraphrase the underlined sentence “But its debatable how big a part compared with environment and lifestyle.”53. Explain how the Covid-19 pandemic has changed your lifestyle. (about 40 words)【答案】50. The immune system detects an intruder and produces white bl
114、ood cells to combat the problem. 51. Because as we age, the immune system produces fewer nave cells to fight against an unknown virus. Thus, the old, as a group, are more vulnerable. 52. While genetics are sure to affect ones immune system, ones lifestyle and living environment also play a role. How
115、ever, it is hard to tell which one affects the immune system more. 53. To get rid of the boredom and stress during quarantine, I started running every day. While running, it seems my mind gets refreshed and I am refilled with energy. Ive formed a very healthy habit.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。Covid-19大流行的一个方面从
116、一开始就让我们一直在猜测，为什么有些人感染病毒后不会遭受太大痛苦，而其他人则会病入膏肓，这是因为人与人的免疫能力不同。文章要求人们增强免疫系统。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our bodies detect an intruder（入侵者） a virus or bacterium, and produce white blood cells to combat the problem.（我们的身体检测到入侵者病毒或细菌，并产生白细胞来对付这个问题）”可知，免疫系统检测到入侵者并产生白细胞来对付这个问题。故答案为The immune system detects an intrud
117、er and produces white blood cells to combat the problem。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“We possess two broad categories of T cells: memorycells that have encountered a certain pathogen（衣原体）andrememberhow to fight it. The other is navecells, which have yet to fight anything. As we age, it seems that the number o
118、f nave T cells decreases.（我们拥有两大类T细胞:遇到某种病原体的“记忆”细胞和如何对抗病原体的“记忆”细胞。另一个是“nave”细胞，它们还没有与任何事物斗争。随着年龄的增长，nave T细胞的数量似乎在减少）”可知，老年人被认为更脆弱是因为随着年龄的增长，免疫系统会产生更少的nave细胞来对抗一种未知的病毒。因此，老年人作为一个群体，更容易受到伤害。故答案为Because as we age, the immune system produces fewer nave cells to fight against an unknown virus. Thus, th
119、e old, as a group, are more vulnerable。【52题详解】句意猜测题。根据第六段中“Chronic low-grade inflammation (炎症) that develops with advanced age can also affect the immune system. Lifestyle factorspoor sleep, ongoing stress, and weight gain are common causes, as are systemic issues such as autoimmune diseases and dec
120、reased liver or kidney function.（随着年龄增长而发展的慢性低级别炎症也会影响免疫系统。生活方式因素睡眠差、持续的压力和体重增加是常见的原因，系统性问题如自身免疫性疾病和肝肾功能下降也是常见原因）”由此可知，划线句子的意思是“虽然基因肯定会影响一个人的免疫系统，但一个人的生活方式和生活环境也起着作用。然而，很难说哪一种对免疫系统的影响更大。”故答案为While genetics are sure to affect ones immune system, ones lifestyle and living environment also play a role.
121、 However, it is hard to tell which one affects the immune system more。【53题详解】开放性试题。为了摆脱隔离期间的无聊和压力，我开始每天跑步。在跑步的时候，我的大脑似乎得到了更新，我充满了能量。我已经养成了一个非常健康的习惯。故答案为To get rid of the boredom and stress during quarantine, I started running every day. While running, it seems my mind gets refreshed and I am refille
122、d with energy. Ive formed a very healthy habit。第二节（20分）54. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华 英国交换生 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他对你校的学生社 团非常感兴趣，计划下学期参加其中一个他向你征询建议请给他回邮件，内容包括：1推荐的社团；2推荐的理由；3建议他做哪些准备 注意：1 词数不少于 60；2 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数Dear Jim，_Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim，Im more than delighted to know you are curious about the club activitie
123、s of our school and want to join one next term. Id like to recommend Peking opera club to you, which I believe you will enjoy a lot fromI recommend this club to you for the following reasons. First, Peking opera is like a pearl in Chinese traditional art. Joining this club can give you a taste of Ch
124、inese traditional art forms and even have a hands on experience. Besides, the club will regularly organize various activities, such as inviting famous actors to perform, and drawing Peking opera makeups. Considering your interest in Chinese history, I believe getting close to Peking opera will also
125、be a good way of learning more about itWhen it comes to preparation, you can watch some famous Peking opera videos on the Internet or read some relevant materials, which will definitely be beneficial for you Hope my suggestions can be of help. If you want to learn anything more, dont hesitate to con
126、tact meBest wishesYours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】【本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，给朋友Jim提供一些建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.推荐社团 2.推荐的理由 3.建议他做好哪些准备第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）are curious about ；the club activities of； recommend sth to sb; for the following reasons.; a taste of
127、 Chinese traditional art forms; inviting sb to do; draw Peking opera makeups; good way of doing； watch videos; be beneficial for; be of help; hesitate to do.第三步：连词成句1. Im more than delighted to know you are curious about the club activities of our school and want to join one next term. 2. Id like to
128、 recommend Peking opera club to you, which I believe you will enjoy a lot from3. I recommend this club to you for the following reasons. 4. Peking opera is like a pearl in Chinese traditional art. Joining this club can give you a taste of Chinese traditional art forms and even have a hands on experi
129、ence5. the club will regularly organize various activities, such as inviting famous actors to perform, and drawing Peking opera makeups.6. Considering your interest in Chinese history, I believe getting close to Peking opera will also be a good way of learning more about it7. When it comes to prepar
130、ation, you can watch some famous Peking opera videos on the Internet or read some relevant materials, which will definitely be beneficial for you8. Hope my suggestions can be of help. 9.If you want to learn anything more, dont hesitate to contact me根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺
131、序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the
132、other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些定语从句，如：Id like to recommend Peking opera club to you, which I believe you will enjoy a lot from使用了which引导的非限定性定语从句；使用了非谓语动词，比如Joining this club can give you a taste of Chinese traditional art forms and even have a hands on experience.使用了动名词做主语。使用了一些固定词组，如be delighted to ; be of help to; hesitate to do等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
