1、宾语从句The Object Clause一.什么是宾语I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him.（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。我们 知道 姚明Weknow Yao Ming我们 知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。二.什么 是宾语从句？试比较宾o宾o主s 谓vhe is a famous b
2、asketball player主s谓v宾othat连接词我们 知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员谓v主s三.宾语从句三要点1、语序2、引导词3、时态宾语从句结构：1.引导词2.人称 3.时态四.有哪些句子可以作宾语？1、陈述句，he is a famous basketball player.2、一般疑问句，Will our teachers attend the meeting？3、特殊疑问句，which coat did youprefer?My name isMy favorite sport isI amI speak/have/likeI can playAre you?Can you
3、play?Do you do?Where are you?What can you do?How do you do?陈述句-一般疑问句特殊疑问句结构比较_ +_+_主语谓语.?_ +_ +_特殊疑问词一般疑问句be情态动词助动词_/_ /_+_ +_主语谓语?陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句_+_+_结构比较be情态动词助动词主语谓语_ +_ +_ .主语?_+_+_特殊疑问词一般疑问句?_ +_+_ 主语?_ +_ +_主语结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词,情态动词,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前1.陈述句由that引导作宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在
4、的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know(that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)he will succeed.五.宾语从句的类型练一练1.This is a book.2.You like singing.3.He worked last night.4.They will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing.6.She sings well.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.I know 2.She
5、says 3.Tell your friend（that）一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接I ask Does he want to go swimming?he wants to go swimmingIf/whetherI ask 2.一般疑问句由if或whether引导作宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.练一练1.Is he reading?2.Do
6、you get up at six?3.Does Tom work hard?4.Did you watch TV?5.Will they read books?6.Can you sing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks if/whether特殊疑问句做宾语Which coat did you like best?I wonder which coat you like best.用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？Which tie do you like best特殊疑
7、问句变成 陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身I wonderI wonderATTENTIONwhich tie you like best?3.特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词who,whom,whose,what,which，when,where,why,how引导作宾语从句。这些特殊疑问词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the
8、 train is late.练一练1.What is this?2.What are you doing?3.Where do you live?4.When does he get up?5.How did you go to work?6.Who will you play with?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.Can you tell me 4.The man asked 1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。e.g I hear(that)Tom has b
9、een to Guilin twice.I hear(that)she will come tomorrow.I hear(that)Jim went to work an hour ago.I hear(that)he is interested in English.五.宾语从句的时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化I hear(that)Jim(be)a worker two years ago.Jim(be)an English teacher now.Jim (cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the
10、Great Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.Jim(learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）e.g He said(that)he would go to Xian.He said(that)he was ill yesterday.
11、He said(that)he was reading a book.He said(that)he had had supper already.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon.The teacher told the students that no news is good news.The PE teache
12、r said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)He to Hong Kong.2)He sick.3)He a book.4)HeHe said辨一辨would gowaswas readinghis work.had finish
13、ed 确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连 接 前连 接 后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时宾语从句三要素引导词that（陈述句）ifwhether（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时 从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句时态不变六.本课小结.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell
14、me where do they live?2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.4 Do you know who car it is?找错误wasiswhoseII.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Fat
15、her told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you say at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my ho
16、mework.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.7.“Wh
17、en will he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom wa
18、s.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.中考链接1.What did Mike say?He said _.A.if you are free the next week B.what colour was itC.the weather is fine D.summer comes after spring2.Let me tell you _.A.how much is the car B.how much does the car costC.how much did I pay for the car D.how much I spent on
19、 the car3.Peter knew _.A.whether he has finished reading the book B.why the boy had so many questionsC.there were 12 months in a year D.when they will leave for Paris4.Could you tell me _?A.where do you live B.who you are waiting for C.who were you waiting for D.where you live in5.She told me the su
20、n _ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A.why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D.why he got 1.I hear(that)_.(一小时后他会回来）he will be back in an hourhe missed us very much3.The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）the earth moves around the sun2.He sa
21、id(that)_.(他非常想念我们）完成句子4.I want to know _ _.(他是否跟我们一起去公园)if(whether)he will go to the park with us5.Ask him _.(他是否能来)whether(if)he can come6.Please tell me _ _.(我们将什么时候开会)7.Can you tell me _.(他在哪儿)8.Could you tell me _ _.(我该怎么去车站)when well have a meetingwhere he is how I can get to the station注意一下情况
22、只用whether，不用if。1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如：Let me know whether you can come or not.Let me know if you can come or not.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.If it is true or not,I cant tell.3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：I dont know whether to accept or refuse.I dont know
23、if to accept or refuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.I worry about if I hurt her feelings.If 与whether 的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not decided.与or n
24、ot 连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与to do 不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherDo you know _?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB巩固练习：I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。4Lilys mother looked for h
25、er for half an hour,but could not find _?A.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was LilyC3.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives hereC5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled AC
