1、兰州市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解学生选练（10）及答案阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。For millions of Facebook users, choosing which photo to use for an online profile is an important decision. According to a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the photos we select may reflect individual preferences, but they
2、also appear to reflect more deeply rooted, unconscious cultural differences.Previous research has shown that culture can affect not only language and custom, but also how we experience the world and process information. Western cultures，for example，condition people to think of themselves as highly i
3、ndependent entities (实体)，whereas East Asian cultures stress collectivism and interdependence.Dr. Denise Park, co-director of the Center at UT Dallas, and former graduate student Dr. ChihMao Huang of the University of Illinois, were curious about whether these patterns of cultural influence extend to
4、 cyberspace. In a paper published in the International Journal of Psychology, they examined the profile photographs of more than 500 active Facebook users from the United States a nd East Asia. Overall, they found that profile photos of Americans are more likely to focus on the individuals face，whil
5、e the profiles of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Americans also show greater smile intensity compared to East Asian Facebook users.The findings show marked cultural differences in the focus of attention among East Asian and American Facebook users.
6、Moreover, they echo previous research on cultural influences on visual perception(感知），attention, and reasoning in the offline world.“We believe these findings relate to a cultural bias to be more individualistic and independent in the US and more communal and interdependent in Asia”，said Park.The re
7、search also found that cultural influences over our self-presentation online can shift over time and from place to place. In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the US both showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their
8、 host country.“ Facebook constitutes an extended social context in which personal profiles mirror various individual characteristics，private thoughts，and social behaviors，” noted Huang. “ As such，the study presents a new approach to investigate cognition and behaviors across cultures by using Facebo
9、ok as a data collection platform. ”1. The underlined word condition” in the first paragraph probably means _.A. adviseB. instructC. shapeD. forbid2. We can know from the passage that Mongolians probably emphasize_.A. cultural influencesB. social behaviorsC. independent existenceD. collective power3.
10、 It can be inferred that a Korean studying in the US is likely to _.A. use a picture of his face on FacebookB. adjust to American preferences quicklyC. change his profile photos from time to timeD. put up a photo of his apartment on Facebook4. According to Dr. Huang, Facebook can help to _.A. make u
11、p a more extended social contextB. study the diversity of worldwide culturesC. promote communication between east and westD. combine different cultures from different aspects【参考答案】14、CDABAOnce there was a man who liked to eat mangoes(芒果). One day he decided to get the sweetest mango from the very to
12、p of the tree. Mangoes which are exposed to the sun the most are the sweetest. So he climbed up to the top, where the branches were thin. He managed to pick up a few sweet reddish fruits, but, in an attempt to climb down, he slipped and started falling towards the ground. Fortunately, he caught the
13、branch as he was falling and remained helplessly hanging on the tree. Then he started to call nearby villagers for help. They immediately came with a ladder and sticks, but could do little to help him. Then after some time one calm and thoughtful person arrived - a well-known sage who lived in a sim
14、ple hut nearby. People were very curious to see what he would do, as he was famous in solving many peoples problems in the area and sometimes very complicated ones. He was silent for a minute and then picked up a stone and threw it at the hanging man. Thats what everybody wanted - that he came down.
15、 But how? Now everybody was tense(紧张), as to what would happen next! Some wanted to punish the sage, but they didnt. The sage picked another stone and threw it again at the man, even more forcefully. Now the man on the tree was enraged and developed a great determination to come down and take reveng
16、e（报仇）.He then used all his skill and strength and somehow reached the branches which were safe to start going down. And he made it! Everybody was amazed.However, the rescued man found the sage gone. He stood there, realizing that the man really helped him because he induced him to try his best and s
17、ave himself. “I should be thankful and not angry.” 1What happened after he had picked a few sweet reddish mangoes?AHe remained hanging helplessly on the tree.BHe slipped and fell to the ground suddenly.CHe was climbing down quickly but carefully.DHe shouted loudly for help but no one helped.2How did
18、 the man feel when the sage hit him with a stone?AHe was nervous. BHe kept silent. CHe was angry. DHe felt surprised.3What do you think motivated the man to climb down? ACourage. B. Assistance. CCarefulness.DRevenge. 4From the story we know that the sweetest mango must be the one . Aon the tree for
19、the longest time Bhidden in the middle of a treeCon the very top of the a tree Dexposed to sunlight less often参考答案14 ACDC BWe often smile at times. However, the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it c
20、an also indicate embarrassment. The following examples show this point of view: In an attempt to be open and friendly, people in the United States smile a lot. Every one smiles at each other, this nonverbal communication shows being friendly in the United States. However，in China, smiling is not onl
21、y an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer（嘲笑）. For example: When a child falls off from a bike, the adults in China may smile, which is a
22、 kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.When a person from the United States might blush（脸红）with embarrassment or become offensive, a Chinese might blush with smile. To avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to un
23、derstand the meaning of smiling appropriately. Related to the smile is the laugh. Also, different cultures have different meanings about laugh. For example, Americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly (腹部) laugh that comes from the deepest emotions. However, most Chinese seldom laugh that way because
24、 they are thought to be silly except among close friends. 5. We can use smile to express all of the following feelings except_,A. joy and happiness B. amusement C. embarrassment D. fear6. People often smile at each other in the United States because_.A. they are very happy B. they want to show they
25、are friendlyC. they want to hide their true feelings D. they want to avoid embarrassment7. In China, seeing a child falls off a bike, an adult will smile in order to _.A. laugh at him B. avoid his own embarrassmentC. avoid embarrassment and encourage the boy D. show his politeness8. What is mainly t
26、alked about in the passage?A. People smile at times. B. Smiling can express different feelings depending on different cultures.C. Americans are more open and friendly than Chinese people. D. The Chinese people often hide their true feelings. 参考答案58DBCB C The driver fled the scene of the accident, le
27、aving the girl to bleed on the sidewalk. Over the next six minutes, more than a dozen people walked by the girl, yet not one individual did anything to help her. The girl was then hit a second time by another van before an elderly trash collector came to her aid and brought the attention of the girl
28、s mother, according to the video and eyewitnesses. Doctors said that the girl, who was put on life support after being hospitalized, remains in a deep coma. The girls parents, who are migrants living in the city, are now with her. Police said the drivers of both vehicles have been arrested. However,
29、 the indifference of the bystanders shown in the video has shocked the public, as Internet forums have boiled with anger, and people are questioning the morality of society. High moral standards were once triumphed as national pride in China where individuals known for selflessly helping others were
30、 adored by the public. But in recent years, the perception of a decline of morals has become a hot topic as profit and materialism are recognized to be affecting societys values.On Sept. 2. an 88-year-old man in central China collapsed, his face striking the pavement. Yet, no one came to his aid, an
31、d he ended up choking to death on the blood from his nose. Some have linked the absence of good models to a previous case in which a man trying to help an elderly woman who fell was accused of harming her.A strong chorus of opinion on the Internet says laws should exempt（免除）models from responsibilit
32、y, yet laws themselves cannot solve societys morality dilemma.Cao Lin, a China Youth Daily commentator, said in a signed article published on Monday that the worry of responsibility should not be an excuse for not helping, and this case exposes the decline of humanity in Chinese society.9. What happ
33、ened to the two-year-old girl? A. Nobody helped her after she was struck by two different vans. B. She died immediately after she was hit a second time. C. An old trash collector saved her and attracted her mothers attention. D. Journalists from TVS captured her story by using a camera.10. From the
34、passage, what would happen if someone helped others selflessly in the past?A. The public would feel proud of him/ her and showed love and respect for him/ her.B. He/she would be awarded by the government.C. He/she would be condemned by the public.D. He/she would have to worry about legal responsibil
35、ity.11 In recent years, societys values are believed to be affected by_.A. peoples awareness B. the indifference of bystandersC. profit and materialism D. the morals of society12. Where is the article probably taken from?A. A news report. B. A fashion magazine. C. A science fiction. D. An education
36、column.参考答案912CACA DMost people are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always
37、 been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the worlds population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a persons two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the hand is used to find things or hold things. The
38、 right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a persons hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking
39、 and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that
40、almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesnt happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a perso
41、n does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A
42、long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they dont have to. 13. What is the hand for most people used to do?A. Its used to find or hold things.B. Its used to work with things.C. Its used to make a persons eyes work together.D. Its the cent
43、re for thinking and doing problems.14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.15. The best title for this passage is _.A. Scientists New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different Hands 参考答案1315ABC
