1、Reading and Thinking. 单句语法填空1.Having grown not only physically (physical) but also mentally in the past few years, I am beyond recognition in the photo.2.Our travel agency is reliable (rely), and we try to describe our centers as realistically as possible.3.（2019天津）Food webs may be dominated (domina
2、te) by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.4.My parents have repeatedly (repeat) stressed that social education is the key to success in the future.5.The number of “likes” and “followers” cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding (reward) friendships.6.I
3、t is generally recognized that education shouldnt be measured only by examination (examine) results.7.So far, the new policy has facilitated (facilitate) the development of our plan.8.Many young people volunteered to work in remote mountainous areas in response (respond) to the call of the country.
4、同义替换rely on; straight away; facilitate; aside from; make up ones mind; be composed of; rather than; come up with1.Babies depend entirely on others for food. rely on 2.I told him what I though，at of the matter at once. straight away 3.Weve been asked to think of some new ideas. come up t with 4.In th
5、e poetry competition, apart from Hass, there are four other competitors. aside from 5.He is determined to overcome wi his shortcomings. makes up his mind 6.The committee is made up of representatives from every state. is composed of 7.The new trade agreement shouldhis promote more rapid economic gro
6、wth. facilitate 8.I think youd better call it a lecture inprstead of a talk. rather than . 完成句子1.如果Cindy的作品在这次展览会上展出，我肯定它们会备受好评。（状语从句的省略） If exhibited in the exhibition , the works of Cindy, Im sure, will be widely acclaimed.2.除了这两本书外，他还写了一些剧本和电影剧本。（aside from） Aside from these two books , his has w
7、ritten some plays and film scripts.3.我宁愿早开始也不愿把所有的事情都留到最后。（rather than）I prefer to start early rather than leave everything to the last minute .4.随着她获得了一流厨师的声誉，越来越多的崇拜者慕名而来。（as引导时间状语从句） As she acquired the reputation as a first-class cook, there were more and more admirers coming to the restaurant.素
8、养综合练. 阅读理解（2020全国新高考）According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), its
9、 the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership. Be
10、fore the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and t
11、hin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the o
12、ther case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test：the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions. If this fellow participant is
13、going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “Ill have what shes having” effect. However, well adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat muc
14、h and keep slim, why cant I?1.What is the recent study mainly about?A.Food safety.B.Movie viewership.C.Consumer demand.D.Eating behavior.2.What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?A.Big eaters.B.Overweight persons.C.Picky eaters.D.Tall thin persons.3.Why did the researchers
15、hire the actor?A.To see how she would affect the participants.B.To test if the participants could recognize her.C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.D.To study why she could keep her weight down.4.On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?A.How hungry we
16、are.B.How slim we want to be.C.How we perceive others.D.How we feel about the food.答案：1.D 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于就餐同伴会影响人们食物摄取量的研究，结果表明“我跟着她吃”的影响的确存在，但人们也会根据自身对他人的看法有所调整。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段第一句“According to a recent studycan influence our food intake.” 可知，消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究显示，我们的饮食同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们
17、的饮食，这表明这项最新研究主要是关于饮食行为的。答案：2.D 解析：2.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据第一段第二句“And contrary to existingyou really need to avoid.”可知，现行的研究宣称, 你应该避免和吃得多且发福的人一起吃饭，这项研究与之相反，你真正需要避免的是那些食欲大的人。此处的beanpoles 意思应与 heavier people相反，故D项“高而瘦的人”与之意义最接近。答案：3.A 解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“To test the effect of social influence
18、 on”及第四句“An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.”可知，研究者雇用这位演员是为了观察她的饮食行为是如何影响这些参与者的。答案：4.C 解析：4.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段最后两句“But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why cant I?”可知，如果一个瘦的人吃得多，“我”也会这么做。如果他可以在吃得多的同时保持苗条，“我”为什么不能？这说明我们是靠观察别人的
19、行为来调整自己所受的外来影响的。深度解析词汇积累1. consumption n. （能量、食物或材料的）消耗；消耗量 2. contrary to 与相反 3. undergraduate n. 本科生 4. individually adv. 分别地；单独地 5. version n. 版本 6. perceive v. 注意到；认为难句分析原句: And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份），its th
20、e beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. 现有的研究宣称，你应该避免和吃得多且发福的人一起吃饭，实际上恰恰相反，你需要避免的是跟大胃口而且又高又瘦的人一起进餐。分析：本句是主从复合句。contrary to existing. . large portions是形容词短语作状语；its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid是主干。that says. . . large portions为定语从句，修饰先行词research，其中包括who引导的
21、定语从句，修饰先行词people; you reallyneed to avoid是定语从句，修饰beanpoles。. 完形填空（2020山东六地市部分学校高三月考）Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating? My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant, she would not take a bite until all the dishes we 1 were
22、 on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in 2 the dishes seemingly at random but in fact 3 order. Then the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the 4 and click in the filter（滤镜）app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, bu
23、t we had no 5 to really enjoy it-it all went cold. Actually Stellas real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days.Many people care too much about others opinions and try too hard to 6 others. They find it hard to be 7 and to accept
24、 themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their 8 life on social media. What they are trying to prove is 9 what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any 10 to reality, as they still 11 the same old pattern of life.If they really want an elegant life, they should put more 12 into achievi
25、ng it 13 fabricating （伪造） it. Being more confident, 14 themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than 15 their life on social media.1.A.orderedB.servedC.offeredD.prepared2.A.cookingB.washingC.settingD.collecting3.A.messyB.arrangedC.casualD.missing4.A.dishesB.restaurantsC
26、.tablesD.pictures5.A.chanceB.choiceC.excuseD.reason6.A.comfortB.pleaseC.inspireD.discourage7.A.independentB.generousC.responsibleD.confident8.A.realB.secretC.peacefulD.healthy9.A.rarelyB.hardlyC.exactlyD.nearly10.A.difficultyB.changeC.guidanceD.harm11.A.questionB.dislikeC.doubtD.follow12.A.effortB.a
27、mbitions C.feelingsD.money13.A.other thanB.more thanC.rather thanD.less than14.A.identifying B.acceptingC.persuadingD.amusing15.A.simplifyingB.ruiningC.beautifyingD.worsening答案：1.A 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章以朋友总是饭前拍照发到社交媒体上导入，最后得出结论，要想过上真正优雅的生活，需要自己创造而不是伪造。根据上文的restaurant可知，此处指在餐馆点菜。答案：2.C 解析：2.此处指她会花五分钟
28、的时间用一种看似随意的方式去摆放盘子。set放；置。答案：3.B 解析：3.此处指将菜按顺序排列。arrange安排。答案：4.D 解析：4.根据上文taking pictures 可知，此处是指朋友选取照片中的一张。答案：5.A 解析：5.根据下文的it all went cold 可知，刻意放置好的食物看起来比它本来的样子要美味十倍，但是他们已经没有机会享用了。答案：6.B 解析：6.根据上文 Many people care too much about others opinions 可知，此处表示许多人太在意别人的看法而努力去取悦别人。答案：7.D 解析：7.此处指他们发现很难变得自
29、信并且接受自己。confident自信的。答案：8.A 解析：8.根据上文可知，此处表示他们害怕在社交媒体上展示自己的真实生活。答案：9.C解析：9.句意：他们想要证明的恰恰是他们在现实中所缺乏的。exactly确切地。答案：10.B 解析：10.根据下文 the same old pattern of life 可知，此处表示这样并不会带来任何变化。答案：11.D解析：11.根据下文 pattern of life 可知搭配动词follow“遵循”。答案：12.A 解析：12. 此处指如果他们真的想过优雅的生活，那么他们应该付出更多的努力去实现它。答案：13.C 解析：13.句意：如果他们真
30、的想过优雅的生活，那么他们就应该付出更多的努力去实现它，而不是伪造它。rather than而不是。答案：14.B 解析：14.句意：更自信, 接受自己，尽自己最大的努力变得更好，这比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。答案：15.C 解析：15.句意见上题。beautify美化；使变美丽。深度解析词汇积累1. random adj.随机的；任意的 2. sink n.洗碗槽 3. elegant adj.优美的；文雅的. 语法填空（2018课标全国）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live thr
31、ee years 1 (long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5
32、 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwiseits probably
33、 running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 9 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,
34、 so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.longer 解析：1.语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。考查副词比较级。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式，故填longer。答案：2.to see 解析：2.考查非谓语动词。由句意可知，此处在句中作目的状语，主语you 与动词see为主动关系，故填不定式的主动形式to see。答案：3.dying 解析：3.考查非谓语动词。介词of后需用动名词形式作宾语，根据提示词die 可知设空处填 dying
35、。答案：4.is 解析：4.考查主谓一致和时态。设空处所在从句被用来介绍一种理论，需用一般现在时；再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。答案：5.than 解析：5.考查介词。根据题干中的“more effective”可知设空处需填介词than。答案：6.that/which 解析：6.考查定语从句。从句缺主语且先行词为study，指“物”，故填that或which。答案：7.causes 解析：7.考查名词的“数”。cause 作“原因”讲，为可数名词；根据设空处前的all 可知设空处填名词复数形式，故填causes。答案：8.strengthen 解析：8.考查词性变换。设空处作目的状语，需用不定式形式，故在不定式符号to后填动词原形 strengthen。答案：9.energetic 解析：9.考查词性变换。设空处作表语，表示主语的特征，故填形容词 energetic。答案：10.running/it 解析：10.考查名词或代词。设空处作give的宾语，需填名词或代词，因此直接填 running作宾语或用it代替上文中的running。9
