1、四川省德阳市2015高考英语阅读理解练习（6）及答案阅读理解 The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he
2、 gives up his moral freedom.A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person h
3、as dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with
4、folly ( 愚蠢 ) and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.Self-control is mans last greatest victory.If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no p
5、ower to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always becontrolled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.11. What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?A. The greatest victory for a man is to conque
6、r everything except himself.B. Ones moral freedom is based on the control of himself.C. To control oneself is the most difficult in ones life.D. If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.12. What is the correct interpretation of “Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad ” in par
7、agraph 2 ?A. If the gods want to kill you, they make you crazy first.B. If you always lose your temper, you will soon be finished.C. If you cannot control yourself, you will become crazy.D. If you are mad, you will be punished by the gods.13. If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the followin
8、g EXCEPT _.A. the very backbone and nerve of characterB. the patience and power to control himselfC. strong feelingsD. self-confidence14. The authors main purpose in writing this article is to _.A. explain that self-control is the key to successB. teach people how to control everything in order to m
9、ake a great successC. distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping itD. advise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends14. The passage is mainly developed by _.A. analyzing causes B. making comparisonsC. examining differences D. listing quotations 【参考答案】111
10、5、BBCAD 阅读理解-A NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences. Now American researchers think they are close to developing
11、a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce , or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories. In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the bo
12、dy releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased. The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters sa
13、y it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. Some memories can ruin peoples lives . They come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with
14、 very painful emotions, said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. This could relieve a lot of that suffering. But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the
15、mistakes of the past. All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. Im not sure we want to wipe those memories out, said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist(论理学家).Some people fear that although the drug would first be uesed in only very serious
16、 cases, it would become more and more common. “ People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph Le Doux, a New York University memory researcher.” All we want to do is to help people have better control of memories.”1. Whats the main idea of this passage? A People often suffer from ba
17、d memories. B American researchers are trying to develop a pill. C Forget bad memories, and be happy. D The researh has caused a heated argument.答案解析：答案为D。本题为主旨大意题。第一段引出话题人们想忘记痛苦的回忆，第二、三段介绍科学家研究可以消除痛苦回忆的药物，该研究引起了人们的激烈争论，有人支持，有人反对，文章的重心着重于人们的争论，文章的大意就是“研究引起了激烈的争论”。 故答案为D。2. The underlinded word “ it
18、“ in Para 4 refers to _A the new drug B the research into the drugC the bad memory D the chemical drug答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推理题。结合划线的 “it” 出现的语境 “The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.” 可以推断，“it”指代的是“the research”，再结合前面第二、三段的内容可知，“it”指代的是对药物的
19、研究，故答案为B。3. Which of the opinions is NOT the opinion of the supporters?A The pill can erase all the memories of the pastB Some memories can ruin peoples lives. The pill can relieve emotional suffering.C The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories.D The pill ca
20、n prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war.答案解析：答案为A。 本题为细节题。由第四段 “Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.” 和第五段 “Some memories can ruin peoples lives .
21、They come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,” 可知，B、C、D选项是支持者的意见。 A选项 “药物可以抹去所有过去的回忆”表达有误。故答案为A。4. Which of the opinion is not the opinion of the opponents? A Our memories give us our identity.B The memories help human
22、 avoid mistakes of the past.来源:C The drug should be used in only very serious cases.D People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第六、七段可知，A、B、D选项都是反对者的意见。由最后一段首句 “ Some people fear that although the drug would first be uesed in only very serious cases”可知，C选项是文
23、中的一个事实，不是反对者的意见，故答案为C。阅读理解-BA rise in the number of suicides（自杀）in South Korea has led policeman Yoo Byong-jong to a new job. He patrols（巡逻）Seouls bridges to prevent desperate people throwing themselves into the river. According to South Koreas health ministry, suicide rates have doubled in a decade
24、 and are now the leading cause of death for people in their 20s and 30s. The country has the fourthhighest suicide rate among the 30 industrialized countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It recorded 22.8 suicide deaths for every 100, 000 people in 2003. Thats lower t
25、han Hungary，Finland and close neighbor Japan . But the number is growing by about 1 percent each year，faster than for all other OECD nations. In a move to cut suicides by a fifth by 2010，the health ministry is running a television ad campaign. It opens with a lonely man walking on a bridge. A voiceo
26、ver says，“Think five minutes more before you give it all away.Dont forget you have a loving family.” Other ministry plans include setting up more hotlines and training more suicide counselors. Authorities are also limiting websites that provide suicide methods and sometimes even sell toxic(有毒的)chemi
27、cals. Distressed individuals range from students worried about poor grades to people in debt as well as disgraced politicians. Exports say the rising number in some way can be blamed on media coverage of recent highprofile suicides. These include top business leaders and celebrities(名人)who apparentl
28、y lead a number of people to copy their actions. “We saved 50 lives this year when people turned to bridges as a place to die after news reports of such deaths by big shots，” said the 38yearold Yoo，in December.Last July，the government and civil associations urged media to avoid reporting specific me
29、thods and locations of suicides. But it is difficult to clearly give reasons for the suicide increase.1. The passage is mainly about _.A. desperation problems in KoreaB. suicide problems in KoreaC. how to reduce suicides in KoreaD. the relations between life and suicide答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。全文报道了韩国的自杀率
30、问题非常严峻， 当局为抑制自杀采取了一系列的措施，第一段点出话题，最后一段呼应了话题，故答案为B。2. Suicide rates in South Korea_.A. arouse international concernsB. are going from bad to worseC. didnt draw special attention of the governmentD. have done great harm to the economical development答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第三段最后一句话 “But the number is growing
31、by about 1 percent each year，faster than for all other OECD nations.” 可知，自杀率每年在增长，也就是在变得更糟糕，故答案为B。3. Lowering the number of reported suicides by celebrities in the media in Korea _.A. will be limitedB. damage the fame of mediaC. didnt affect peoples daily life.D. might cause fewer people to commit s
32、uicide答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。由第五段 “Exports say the rising number in some way can be blamed on media coverage of recent highprofile suicides. These include top business leaders and celebrities who apparently lead a number of people to copy their actions.”可知，专家认为自杀人数在上升在某些程度上是归咎于媒体报道的高数据的自杀率，其中包括商业领导要人和名人的自
33、杀引起了人们去效仿他们的行为，可以推断，降低媒体报道的名人自杀人数或许能使较少的人自杀，故答案为D。 4. From the passage, we can infer that_.A. authorities manage websites efficientlyB. present hotlines are not enough for suicide counselorsC. cutting suicides by a fifth by 2010 is easy to carry outD. people choose suicide as the way to end their li
34、ves for a lack of love答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由第四段倒数第二句话 “Authorities are also limiting websites that provide suicide methods and sometimes even sell toxic chemicals.”可知，当局限制提供自杀方法甚至卖有毒的化学药物的网站，可以推断，当局有效地对网站进行了管理。故答案为A。由第四段 “Other ministry plans include setting up more hotlines and training more suicide co
35、unselors.” 可知，由于自杀者众多，因此要建立更多的热线和培训更多的自杀咨询专员来阻止自杀，B选项意思与此不符。从第四段所实施的阻止自杀的措施来看，减少自杀并不容易实施，故C选项错误。由最后一段最后一句话 “But it is difficult to clearly give reasons for the suicide increase.” 可知，D选项错误。阅读理解-BWith the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most heated argument across the United States tod
36、ay is the death penalty (死刑). Many argue that it is an effective deterrent (威慑) to murder, while others think there is no enough proof that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.The argument advanced by those opposed （反对） to the death penalty is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, tha
37、t it is tile mark of a bad society and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime (罪行) anyway.In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary action. Throughout recorded history there have always been those peculiar persons in every society who made terrible crimes suc
38、h as murder. But some are more dangerous than others.For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in time of blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of differe
39、nt degree. While it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion. But the majority of people believ
40、e that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100, 000 populat
41、ion. Since 1964 the death penalty has been done only once, and the murder rate has risen to10.4 murders for each 100, 000 population. The sharp climb in the states murder rate, which began when killings stopped, does not happen by chance. It certainly shows that the death penalty does deter many mur
42、derers. If the law about death penalty is vetoed (否决), some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is really a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of people must be protected.1. The main purpose of this passage is to _.A. spea
43、k for the majority B. support a vetoC. speak ill of the government D. argue for the value of the death penalty答案解析：答案为D。本题为文章的主旨大意题。由第一段的 “Many argue that , while others think .”和最后一段的首句 “The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion.”可知，本文讨论死刑的价值。2. Which of the f
44、ollowing is among the heated arguments across the USA besides death penalty?A. Air pollution. B. The war against Iraq.C. Equal rights. D. Election of president.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。从第一段的首句 “With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most heated argument across the United States today is th
45、e death penalty (死刑).” 可知，除了人权问题，在美国讨论最热烈的问题是死刑。来源:3. The numbers in the last paragraph show that _.A. if they stick to death penalty, the number of murders will be reducedB. death penalty almost stopped from 1954 to 1963C. the population of California has risenD. death penalty is of little value答案解
46、析：答案为A。本题为推理题。从最后一段的第二句 “But the majority of people believe that the death penalty protects them.” 和最后三句 “If the law about death penalty is vetoed (否决), some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is really a life or death matter. The
47、lives of thousands of people must be protected.”都是在强调死刑可以保护人的生命，故答案为A, 如果国家坚持死刑，谋杀案件的数目会减少。由本段的第四句话 “For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in California” 可知，1954年到1963年期间，死刑时不时地在California执行，并不是废除了，故选项B错误。C选项在文中未提及，D选项与本段的中心意思违背。4. It can be inferre
48、d that the writer thinks that _.A. the death penalty is the most important problem in the United States todayB. the second type of murderers (in Paragraph 4) should be sentenced to deathC. the veto of the law about death penalty is of little importanceD. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent
49、 to crime is not to be discussed答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。细读第四段， 由“it is one thing blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder is a matter of different degree. While it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept fro
50、m society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.”可知，作者认为谋杀分为 “blind anger （盲目的愤怒）” 和 “coldly plan in the style of a butcher （冷酷的屠夫式的谋杀），谋杀的程度不一样，如果是第一种就仅仅让谋杀者与社会隔离即可，而不是后一种谋杀者的命运，言外之意就是后一种谋杀应该判死刑。故答案为B。结合前面几题的分析，第一段作者认为除了人权问题，在美国讨论最热烈的问题是死刑。故选项A错误。从最后一段倒数第三句话 “If the law about death penalty is vetoed, some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect.” 可知，如果死刑被否决，一些本可以挽救的生命就会被谋杀，可见死刑的否决对保护人的生命有着重要的意义，C选项的意思与此相反，故错误。D选项与最后一段的首句 “The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion.” 表达相反，故错误。
