1、二十六 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 2Improving yourself(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021辽宁模拟)A fourth-grade teacher allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard,after bullies(仗势欺人者)teased him about his own short buzz cut(短寸头发型).Tori Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney,a shy boy from her homer
2、oom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington state,was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a winter hat.Ms Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved,and since Matthew usually had very thick brown curly hair,she realized that hed had a haircut over the weekend.She a
3、sked him what was wrong,and he said hed gotten a buzz cut for the summer.But this morning,a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him,and he didnt want to come to class and get teased by other kids.Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside,but since school rules prohibit kids from wearing hat
4、s indoors he refusedexplaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.“Finally I said,If you take off your hat and come to class,Ill let you give me a buzz cut,too,”Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting.“I figured its just hair,and mine is already
5、short anyway.I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather.”Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer,and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time.A school employee brought in scissors,which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates,e
6、xcitedly watching as his teachers hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard.“It was a lot of fun for the kids,and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,”said Ms Nelson.“You have to do what it takes to reach children.Teaching isnt just about reading and writing,its about self-esteem and
7、accepting differences.”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的发型不敢进教室,老师Tori Nelson安慰他,让他感觉从容、自信,允许他当众给自己剪成同样发型的故事。5.What mainly led to Matthews standing outside the classroom?A.His fear of being laughed at.B.His willingness to learn.C.His violating school rules.D.His not finishing his homework.【解析】选A
8、。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But this morning,a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him,and he didnt want to come to class and get teased by other kids.”和“explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him”可知,Matthew在教室外哭泣不敢进去,是因为害怕同学们嘲笑他,故选A。6.Why did Ms
9、Nelson have her head shaved?A.To show sympathy for Matthew.B.To comfort and encourage Matthew.C.To prepare for the warm weather.D.To show her unique personality.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids,and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,”和“Teaching isnt just about readin
10、g and writing,its about self-esteem and accepting differences.”可知,Tori Nelson老师这样做是为了给学生安慰和鼓励,保护学生的自尊,故选B。7.What is Ms Nelson like?A.Responsible and caring.B.Knowledgeable and creative.C.Humorous and easy-going.D.Strong and determined.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come
11、inside”,第三段中老师对学生说的“If you take off your hat and come to class,Ill let you give me a buzz cut,too,”和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids,and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,”可知,ToriNelson老师对学生负责任且关爱学生,故选A。8.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Real Meaning of TeachingB.Stand U
12、p to School BullyingC.Teach Kids to Respect DifferencesD.A Haircut Full of Love【解析】选D。标题归纳题。本文讲述了Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的发型不敢进教室,老师Tori Nelson安慰他,并让他给自己剪成同样发型的故事,表现了老师既负责任又有爱心的品质。A Haircut Full of Love概括了文章内容,表达了主题,适合作为本文标题,故选D。【知识拓展】佳词积累shave v.剃,刮tease v.嘲笑employee n.雇工B(2021长沙模拟)“In life,were often to
13、rn between the person we want to be and the person we ought to be.Yet,while many hesitate to take the risks associated with becoming their ideal selves”,a new study notes that people unavoidably regret not pursuing their passion.Inspired by research published in the 1990s,psychologist Thomas Gilovic
14、halong with his colleague Shai Davidai built upon his original study,which proved that regrets often evolve from what people havent done.According to the new research,our most enduring regrets grow from not living up to our ideal selves,as opposed to not living according to our“ought selves”(the peo
15、ple we should have been based on our duties and responsibilities).Researchers began by explaining the difference between regrets concerning the“ideal self”and the“ought self”,before asking participants to list,name,and categorize their regrets.Across the six different studies conducted,participants
16、said they experienced regrets concerning their ideal selves more often.They also mentioned more ideal-self regrets than ought-self regrets when asked to list their regrets in life.When asked to name their single biggest regret in life,participants were also more likely to mention a regret about not
17、fulfilling their ideal selves than their ought selves.However,Gilovich and Davidai still recommend that people move on with caution,as the best way to live depends on how much weight you attach to your ought self vs your ideal self.“If you place a premium on your ought self,you would be wise to mini
18、mize(your)regrets by thinking twice before moving forward(and seizing the moment).”they suggest.“However,if one is an adventurous soul guided by her ideal self,she might indeed end up happier by seizing the day and not looking back.”Despite this research,however,knowing what you want and pursuing th
19、at passion are two different things.Mark Twains words may give you the courage to go for your goals:Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didnt do than by the ones you did.So throw off the bowlines(帆脚索),sail away from the safe harbor,catch the trade winds in your sail
20、s.Explore.Dream.Discover.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。人生中,在“理想自我”和“应该自我”之间应如何抉择?本文能给你一些启示。5.How did the researchers get their new findings?A.By analyzing their six previous studies.B.By asking people to explain what regret is.C.By looking into the content of peoples regrets.D.By comparing peoples regrettable and
21、fulfilling experiences.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段Researchers began by explaining the difference between regrets concerning the“ideal self”and the“ought self”,before asking participants to list,name,and categorize their regrets.可知,研究人员首先分别解释了与“理想自我”和“应该自我”相关的后悔的区别,然后让参与者列出、命名并分类他们感到后悔的事。由此可知,研究人员是通过调查人们后悔的内容
22、获得新发现的。6.What can we know about the“ideal self”and the“ought self”according to the researchers?A.They are equally important aspects in peoples lives.B.Its very difficult for people to choose between them.C.The choice between them can affect peoples lifestyles.D.People may choose one and change to th
23、e other in life.【解 析】选 C。细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 四 段 内 容 Gilovich and Davidai still recommend that people move on with caution,as the best way to live depends on how much weight you attach to your ought self vs your ideal self.可知,Gilovich和Davidai仍然建议人们谨慎行事,因为最好的生活方式取决于你对你的应该自我和你的理想自我重视程度。由此推知,在“理想自我”和“应该自我”
24、二者间的选择能够影响人们的生活方式。7.What does the underlined part“place a premium on”in Para.4 mean?A.Value.B.Know.C.Ignore.D.Refuse.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第四段画线部分上文.on how much weight you attach to your ought self vs your ideal self可知,此处谈论你对你的应该自我和你的理想自我有多重视。与下文形成对比,此处意为:如果你重视你的应该自我;因此,画线部分place a premium on意为“重视”。8.What
25、may the author advise us to do?A.Never regret anything in life.B.Look back now and then in life.C.Be patient when going for our goals.D.Do what we want to without hesitation.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者引用了马克吐温的名言,鼓励人们采取行动,真正地去追求自己的目标(理想)。由此推知,作者可能会建议我们不要犹豫,勇敢地去做我们想做的事。选项D.Do what we want to without h
26、esitation.(毫不犹豫地做我们想做的)正确。【难句解读】(1)Inspired by research published in the 1990s,psychologist Thomas Gilovich alongwith his colleague Shai Davidai built upon his original study,which proved thatregrets often evolve from what people havent done.分析:该句为主从复合句。其中which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰study;that引导宾语从句,作动词prove的
27、宾语;该宾语从句也是主从复合句,其中what引导宾语从句,作介词from的宾语;句首的Inspired.1990s是过去分词短语作原因状语,其中published.1990s是过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰research。翻译:受到20世纪90年代发表的研究的启发,心理学家Gilovich和他的同事ShaiDavidai以他的原有研究为基础,研究证明,遗憾往往来自人们没有做的事情。(2)However,Gilovich and Davidai still recommend that people move on with caution,as the best way to live de
28、pends on how much weight you attach to your ought self vs your ideal self.分析:该句为主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句;as引导原因状语从句;该原因状语从句中,how much weight.ideal self为宾语从句。翻译:然而,Gilovich和Davidai 仍然建议人们谨慎行事,因为最好的生活方式取决于你对应该自我和理想自我的重视程度。.完形填空(2021长沙模拟)Id like to suggest that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening all te
29、levision broadcasting in the United States be forbidden by law.Let us take a1,reasonable look at what the results might be if such a(n)2were accepted.Families might use the time for a real family hour.Without the distraction(分散注意力)of TV,they might 3together after dinner and actually talk to oneanoth
30、er.It is well known that many of our 4everything in fact,from thegeneration gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of 5illnessare causedat least in part by failure to communicate.By using the quiet family hour to 6our problems,we might get to know each other better,and to like each otherbetter.O
31、n evenings when such talk is 7,families could discover more activepastimes(消遣).Freed from TV and forced to find their own activities,they mighttake a 8together to watch the sunset or they might take a walk togetheroutdoors.9free time and no TV,children and adults might discover reading.Thereis more
32、entertainment in a(n)10than in a TV program.Educators report that thegeneration growing up with television can hardly write an English sentence,11at the college level.Writing is often learned from reading.A more literatenew generation could be a product of the quiet hour.A different12of reading migh
33、t also be done as it was in the past:readingaloud.The quiet hour could become the story hour.When the quiet hour ends,theTV networks might be forced to 13with better shows in order to get us backfrom our newly-discovered activities.At first glance,this idea seems radical(激进的).How will we spend the t
34、ime then?The fact is:it has been only twenty-five years 14television came to control American free time.Those of us thirty-five and older can 15childhoods without television.It wasnt that difficult.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者建议美国每天晚上在法律上禁止6090分钟的电视转播,而这些时间应当用于家人之间的交流及阅读书籍。1.A.valuableB.controversialC.tentativ
35、eD.serious【解析】选D。作者在第一段提出了自己的建议。下面解释自己的理由。首先作者建议用认真、理性的态度考虑这个建议被接受后的结果。根据reasonable的含义也可判断出。故选D。2.A.invitationB.suggestionC.agendaD.offer【解析】选B。从文章第一句作者就表明自己要提出建议。故选B。3.A.get aroundB.sit aroundC.meet withD.stand still【解析】选B。根据下文的 together after dinner and actually talk to one another可知,是坐在那里相互交谈。故选B
36、。4.A.misfortunesB.privilegesC.affairsD.problems【解析】选D。该空后的破折号是对空白处词的解释,这里指我们面临的许多问题。故选D。5.A.mentalB.physicalC.flexibleD.familiar【解析】选A。根据常识可知,只有精神方面的疾病才能通过交流治愈。故选A。6.A.commentB.talkC.discussD.remark【解析】选C。根据上下文可知此处指家人坐在一起讨论问题,增进了解。故选C。7.A.unfamiliarB.unpleasantC.unnecessaryD.unconscious【解析】选C。根据语境可知
37、此处作者认为不去讨论上述问题的时候,也就是这种讨论“没必要”的时候,家人们还可以找到新的消遣形式。故选C。8.A.rideB.look C.walkD.rest【解析】选A。由下面的they might take a walk together outdoors可知,此处选项A.ride符合语境。此处指骑行或户外散步等一些常见的家庭活动。故选A。9.A.AtB.With C.ForD.In【解析】选B。这里介词With意为“有”,指由于没有电视且有空余时间。故选B。10.A.good bookB.fine poemC.outdoor activityD.composition【解析】选A。前句
38、刚刚提到了阅读,此题与前句是顺承关系。故选A。11.A.yetB.stillC.justD.even【解析】选D。教育专家的研究显示伴随着电视成长起来的一代无法写出完整的英语句子,甚至是在大学阶段。此处even表示强调。故选D。12.A.dilemmaB.editionC.roleD.form【解析】选D。结合语境可知此处指阅读的另一种形式朗读。form符合语境。故选D。13.A.come acrossB.come aboutC.come outD.come up【解析】选D。这个安静时间一结束的时候,电视网络就必须想出更好的节目来把人们再吸引回来。come up with 想出,符合语境,故
39、选D。14.A.untilB.afterC.beforeD.since【解析】选D。分析句子结构,结合句意可知,此处为since的句型:it is/has been+时间段+since.,自从有多久了。故选D。15.A.rememberB.recognizeC.remindD.know【解析】选A。我们当中35岁及以上的人还能记得没有电视的童年,情况并没有想象的那么难。remember符合语境。故选A。【难句解读】(1)Let us take a serious,reasonable look at what the results might be if such a suggestion
40、were accepted.分析:该句为主从复合句。其中what引导宾语从句;该宾语从句中if引导虚拟条件句。翻译:让我们认真、合理地看一看,如果这样的建议被接受,结果会是什么。(2)It is well known that many of our problems everything in fact,from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illnessare caused at least in part by failure to communicate.分析:该句为主从复合句。
41、其中It是形式主语,that引导主语从句。两个破折号中间的部分是many of our problems的进一步说明和强化。翻译:众所周知,我们的许多问题事实上每件事,从代沟到高离婚率,再到某些形式的精神疾病至少部分是因缺乏沟通造成的。.语法填空 “Dont judge a book by its cover,”the popular saying goes.“All that glitters isnot gold,”is another.“Fine feathers do not make fine birds,”is a third.What dothey have in common?
42、They remind us that somethings appearance should not bethe most important thing when 1._(determine)its value.But its 2._(easy)said than done.Many people feel insecure aboutthemselves and their appearance.So what can a person do 3._(improve)their own body positivity?determiningeasierto improveNot com
43、paring your body to others,4._(particular)celebrities,isa good first step.Were surrounded by these idealised images of what it is to bebeautiful.Comparing only 5._(create)a standard we think we need to aspireto and leads to feelings of disappointment if we arent up to scratch.Learn to take a complim
44、ent.When someone says something nice,embrace itdont push it away or play it down.And compliment others too.If you thinksomeone looks nice,or someone has a good idea,tell them.It can lift 6._(they)up.particularlycreatesthemAppreciate your body for what it can dowalking,yoga,playing sport orotherwise.
45、You can be 7._ incredible human regardless 8._ your shape or size.And finally,dont forget that low self-esteem and body confidence issues affecteveryone.The social media influencer wants to remind us that body image and 9._(confident)affect men too.anofconfidenceUltimately,the only person 10._ can t
46、ruly affect your body positivityis you.Becoming comfortable with yourself is unlikely to be accomplishedovernightbut dont give up.Remember that everyone is insecure sometimes.Beunapologetic about who you are and what you want as a person.Love what you looklike.who/that【加固训练】阅读填句(2021玉林模拟)Imagine tha
47、t a close friend ignores you when you arrive at his party.1But if you think about the situation differently,you would calm down.Using a particular emotion management strategy called reappraisal,which involves viewing an upsetting event in a positive light,is often effective in contributing to positi
48、ve outcomes.2The research showed that if people believed feelings were malleable(可塑造的),they used reappraisal more frequently,and in return they had greater emotional health and life satisfaction.University of Toronto researcher Brett Ford and her colleagues did another study.3The researchers found t
49、hat the youths who believed emotions were controllable used reappraisal more and were less depressed than those who didnt.Does accepting our feelings impact our well-being?4In one research,theresearchers stressed out participants by requiring them to give an impromptu(即兴的)talk.In another research,pe
50、ople kept daily diaries about how they handledstressors(紧张性刺激).In both cases participants who accepted their feelingsexperienced less negative emotions than people who judged their feelings.“However,while emotions may be changed with efforts,that doesnt meantheyre completely controllable,”says Eric
51、Smith of Stanford University,“weshouldnt expect to completely avoid or immediately remove certain of feelings.5”A.It found a similar pattern.B.You would be angry or upset,right?C.We have beliefs about our emotions.D.According to Ford and her colleagues,it does.E.But we can learn to reduce them in hard times.F.They were also less depressed and more satisfied with life.G.Now,new research suggests our beliefs about our feelings affect us greatly.答案:15.BGADE
