1、Unit 2Morals and VirtuesDiscovering Useful Structures动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语【情境探究】观察上面的情景,根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空。(1)They see a man _(come),_(hold)a bird cage.(2)The man may find the bird really _(annoy),which usually makes a ingholdingannoying【要义详析】一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后,补充说明宾语的动作或状态。在这种情况下,及物动词通
2、常是表示感觉和心理状态的动词或使役动词。*(2019江苏高考)A Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.一位墨西哥农民惊讶地发现从他的一小块地里冒出了烟。*I felt my heart beating violently when I was seeing the 70th anniversary of foundation of China.我看中国建国70周年庆典的时候,感到心潮澎湃。1.动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语。在see,hear,feel,watch
3、,notice等感官动词后,用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语,表示一个正在进行的主动的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。*In the crowded cafe,I heard a friendly voice saying,“You can share my table.”在一个拥挤的咖啡馆,我听到一个友好的声音在说:“你可以和我坐在一桌。”*(2020全国卷)Dr.Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”Dr.Jubilado说:“我能看到他们确实在海底走。”【名师点津】在see,hear,feel,wat
4、ch,notice等感官动词后,既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语,也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语,两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时,表示动作正在进行;用省略to的不定式时,表示动作发生了,即动作的全过程结束了。*Today on my way home,I saw a man running along the street hurriedly.今天在我回家的路上,我看到一个男人正匆忙地从街上跑过。*I saw him enter the room and take something away.我看到他进入房间,并拿着东西离开了。【即学活用】(1)I _ a thief
5、stealing money from the old womans pocket yesterday.昨天我注意到一个小偷正在从那位上年纪的女士口袋里偷钱。(2)She _at the door.她听到有人在敲门。(3)He _.他看见一个女孩上车把车开走了。(4)Can you _the song in the next room?你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗?noticedheard someone knockingsaw a girl get on the car and drive offhear her singing2.动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。使役动词接现在分词作宾语
6、补足语,表示“让一直做某事”。*Its cold.We should have the fire burning all the time.天气冷。我们本应该让火一直燃烧着。*I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你一直在房间里跑来跑去。【名师点津】(1)have/get+宾语+done,done是过去分词作宾语补足语。包括两层意思:让别人去做某事。*He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.他明天让人给他修电脑。(主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)。*He had/got his com
7、puter stolen the other day.前几天他的电脑被偷了。(2)have+宾语+do sth.意思是“让某人去做某事”。*Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit.妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。(3)leave(使处于某种状态),keep(使保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作补足语,而不跟动词不定式。*Many teachers keep parents informed of childrens performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.许多老师通过在微信
8、上分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。(1)Mr Smith suggested a good way to have her written English _(improve)in a short period.(2)Dont leave the water _(run)while you brush your teeth.(3)Mother has the little girl _(play)the piano this afternoon.(4)He needed to have some paperwork _(deliver)across
9、 the country the next day.improvedrunningplaydelivered3.动词-ing形式在with复合结构中的使用。在with复合结构中,现在分词充当宾语补足语,表示动作“正在进行”。*Singing You dont know love,Fa Hai,she threw the tortoise into the river,with tears filling her eyes.她唱着法海你不懂爱,把那只乌龟扔进了河里,眼里满是泪水。*(2019全国卷)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crow
10、ded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山,成群的游客一直破坏它宁静的气氛,它还值得(享有)它的声誉吗?【名师点津】在with的复合结构中,也可以使用过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语。*All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。*I cant go out with all these clothes to wash.要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。(1)I l
11、ove my school with students _(work)hard to realize their dreams and teachers _(help)us like our parents.(2)(2019江苏高考)Chinas image is improving steadily,with more countries _(recognize)its role in international affairs.(3)With Christmas _(approach),a Christmas party will be held in the school.working
12、helpingrecognizingapproaching二、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语,修饰动词,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首;作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。*Swallowing Little Red Hat,the wolf went to bed and slept.大灰狼吞下了小红帽,然后上床睡觉了。(时间状语)*I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.得知你对中国历史感兴趣我很高兴。(原因状语)1.动词-ing形
13、式表示时间。*(2019全国卷)Hearing these stories,Im skeptical about the place.(=When I heard these stories.)当我听到这些故事的时候,我对这个地方有点怀疑。2.动词-ing形式表示原因。*Not knowing his address,I cant send this book to him.(=As I dont know his address.)因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书寄给他。3.动词-ing形式表示结果。*His father died,leaving him a lot of money.(
14、=.and left him a lot of money)他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。4.动词-ing形式表示条件。*Going straight down the road,you will find the department store.(=If you go straight down the road.)顺着这条路一直走,你就会发现那家百货商店。5.动词-ing形式表示让步。Being tired,they went on working.(Although they were tired.)尽管很累了,可他们继续工作。6.动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随或补充说明。*He la
15、y on the grass,staring at the sky for a long time.(=.and stared at the sky for a long time)他躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空。【名师点津】非谓语动词作状语时,如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致,动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语,通常由名词或代词来担任,这就是独立主格结构。*The last bus having gone,we had to walk home.末班车已经开走了,我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus,而不是we)*Weather permi
16、tting,the football match will be played on Friday.天气允许的话,足球赛将在周五举行。(permitting的逻辑主语是weather,而不是the football match)【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。(1)_(finish)his homework,he was playing on the playground.(2)_(study)hard,you are sure to get first prize.(3)People use plastic in their daily life,_(leave)large amounts of waste.(4)_(work)hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.(5)The old man,_(work)abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his motherland.Having finishedStudyingleavingWorkinghaving worked
