1、2016南京市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（1）答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。If you smoke and you still dont believe that theres a definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you ar
2、e suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This neednt make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid
3、 measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.You dont have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have b
4、een so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. Its almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discre
5、etly that smoking may, conceivable, be harmful, it doesnt do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent
6、 on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course, we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments
7、of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples, youd think theyd conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures o
8、f real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisement always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togeth
9、erness. What utter nonsense!For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be mad
10、e to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning say, a picture of a deaths head should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could
11、 protect us from ourselves.1.Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking?A because they are afraid of people.Because diseases cost a lot.C Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue.D Because they are afraid of manufacturers.2.The tone of this passage isA critical.i
12、ronical.C distaste.D amusing.3.What does the sentence “because you are in good company” mean?A you are backed by the government.You are not alone.C You have good colleagues.D Governments are blind to evils of smoking too.4.What is the best title of this passage?A World Governments should conduct ser
13、ious campaigns against smoking.World governments take timid measures against smoking.C smoking is the most important source of income to many countries.D tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research.Vocabulary1.a wishful thinking 根据愿望的想法，不顾事实的想法2.puff 喷 puff its way to 一路吞云吐雾走向（指
14、抽烟抽到死）3.lukewarm 冷淡/漠然4.insidious 阴险的，狡猾的5.virile 年富力强的写作方法与文章大意这是一篇“要求政府禁烟”的论说文，采用因果对比手法。先以讽刺口吻指出政府对禁烟的态度软弱无力。然后点明软弱的原因大量税收。再以抽烟大严重后果，机器所花去的钱说明得不偿失。而烟草工业广告泛滥，毒化人们。从而提出政府应从禁止烟广告作起。答案详解1.C 因为他们害怕收入减少。答案见第二段。“你不用看得很远就能发现为什么官方对医学成果的反应如此冷淡，答案就是钱。烟草是征税的最奇妙的商品，几乎就像日用面包的税收。光烟草税收一项，英国政府就从抽烟人身上征到足以支付整个教育措施的费
15、用。所以在当局那么谨慎地指出吸烟有害时，可以想象，喊叫得太响时不行的。”A.他们害怕人民。D.他们害怕厂商。文中没有。B.疾病花费很大和软弱无力的禁烟措施有关。不是花费大而采取弱政策。2.B 讽刺语气。特别表现在第一段、第四段。A.批评语气，整篇文章都在批评，这不是什么语气问题。这里时以讽刺的口吻加以批评政府软弱的禁烟政策。C.厌恶。D.有趣。3.D 政府对吸烟的恶果也是视而不见。A.政府支持。太明朗化。B.你不是单独一人。和C.你有好同事，都是似是而非的答案。这可以上下文说明，第一段：“假如你吸烟，依然认为吸烟和支气管炎、心脏病、肺癌等毫无关系，那你是自欺欺人。可没有人会说你虚伪。我们可以说
16、你是患有一厢情愿病。这你无需太难受，因为你有好伙伴。每当提出吸烟和健康有关的问题时，大多数国家的政府对其恶果视而不见、听而不闻、嗅而不觉。”4.A 世界各国政府应该开展眼里的禁烟运动。因为前面四段都是现象：政策软弱。如英国政府只在电视上禁止烟草广告以高位人们的良知。另一方面人民继续一路吞云吐雾走到癌症死亡。讲烟草的税收高，所以不严禁。这项政策的后果是疾病花费大于烟草税收。烟草广告泛滥毒害人。唯一解救的办法就是禁烟。最后一段是结论，也是画龙点睛的主题和标题。“作为起步，政府可以从禁止烟草广告开始，然后应开展抵制吸烟的广告运动。一切公共场合，如戏院、电影院、返点等应禁止吸烟。应竭尽全力告诫青年，尤
17、其是告诫他们染上恶习的严重后果。在零卖的每包烟盒上应有一令人胆战心惊的警告：例如，一幅骷髅头画像。作为个人，我们力量薄弱，可是如果政府真诚地鼓舞人心的行动起来，他们可以保护我们。”B.世界各国政府采取禁烟政策软弱无力。C.吸烟是许多国家重要收入。这两项是不分具体内容。D.烟草工厂在医疗研究上花了大笔费用。阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。 Many people think a telephone is essential. But I think it is a pest and a time waster. Very often you fin
18、d it impossible to escape from some idle or curious chatter-box, or from somebody who wants something for nothing. If you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you are asleep, or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or whe
19、n you are taking your bath. Are you strong minded enough to ignore it, to say to yourself,“Ah, well, it will all be the same in a hundred years time” You are not. You think there may be some important news or messages for you. I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you
20、sooner or later. Have you never rushed dripping from the bath, or chewing from the table, or dazed from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number? But you will say, you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoi
21、ng calls. Besides, you will say, isnt it important to have a telephone in case of emergencyillness, an accident, or fire? Of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like England one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity. I think perhaps I had better try
22、to justify myself by trying to prove that what I like is good. I admit that in different circumstancesif I were a tycoon(business VIP),for instance, or bed ridden I might find a telephone essential. But then if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car essential. Let me put it another way: there are
23、two things for which the English seem to show particular talent; one is mechanical invention, the other is literature. My own business happens to be with the use of words but I see I must now stop using them. For I have just been handed a slip of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me
24、on the telephone. I think I had better answer it. After all, one never knows, it may be something important.1.The passage is mainly discussing _.A. that we should be strong enough to ignore a phone callB. that important message will reach you sooner or laterC. whether its necessary to answer all pho
25、ne callsD. whether it is necessary to have a telephone提示:通读全文，尤其是文章的第一段和最后一段可以得出此结论。答案:D2.Judging from the passage, who is strong-minded enough to ignore a phone call?A. The author. B.A tycoon.C.A taxi-driver. D. Hardly anyone.答案:D 大意理解，文章的第二段第三段可以看出3.According to the passage, the author_.A. thinks
26、the telephone should go out of our lifeB. likes to be different from other peopleC. thinks the telephone is annoyingD. speaks favourably of a telephone提示:文章的第二句就说明了作者的观点，后面又作了进一步的补充说明。答案:C4.In the authors opinion, which of the following is NOT true?A. Nearly everyone has been told a wrong number.B.
27、Its necessary for everyone to have a telephone.C. He himself can not decide whether to answer a call.D.A telephone directory may bring in unexpected calls.提示:从文章的第二段得出答案。答案:B阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Its 5:00 in the morning when the alarm (闹钟) rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and w
28、alk blindly through the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my
29、 eyes. My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is of my face. Its not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit. Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food,
30、 work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmothers chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my “no thank you,” or by my choice to have a
31、 salad. Over the years, I have learned its okay to just say “no.” I shouldnt feel sorry for refusing food that I dont want to eat.So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream? Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces d
32、aily anxiety, increases self confidence and energy, extends life and above all improve my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. Its through commitment and sweat that I can make a d
33、ifference within myself inside and out.( ) 1.Why is there a smile on the authors face in the morning?A. Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully.B. Because she finishes her favorite exercise C. Because she enjoys the interesting DVDD. Because she feels a sense of achievement( ) 2. Which of th
34、e following is true according to Paragraph 2?A. She doesnt treat others politelyB. She likes to make others surprised C. Others dont understand what she doesD. Others try to help her by offering her food( ) 3. What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean?A. Good health B. Fi
35、rm belief C.A strong power D.A regular half( ) 4. What can we learn about the author from the text?A. She acts in a strange wayB. She wants to look different from othersC. She aims to develop a good body shapeD. She has difficult getting along with others【答案与解析】【要点综述】本文叙述了作者不辞辛苦地坚持锻炼，有时还不为他人所理解的故事；她只为自己的坚定信念，即通过锻炼来改变自己。【参考答案】1-4、DCBC
