1、Section Starting out&Understanding ideas.核心单词1_ v.包，裹2_ n(冰或水等的)一大片3_ n朝代4_ adv.因此，由此5_ adj.浅的6_ n和谐，融洽wrap sheet dynasty therefore shallow harmony.阅读单词1frost n_2terrace n._3region n._4steep adj._5soil n._6vapour n._7crop n._霜梯田地区，区域陡的，陡峭的 土壤蒸气庄稼.拓展单词1_ n完成，结束_ v完成 adj.完全的_ adv.完整地，完全地2_ v阻挡，防止_ n阻止
2、3_ v伤害_ adj.有害的4_ n农业_ adj.农业的completion complete completelyprevent prevention harm harmful agriculture agricultural.重点短语 1plenty of _2(be)in harmony with _3go to so much trouble to do/of doing _4feed on _5prevent.from._大量的与和谐相处不辞辛苦做 以为食，以为生 阻止做.重点句型1_sees the mountains turn bright green with growin
3、g rice.夏天来了，随着水稻的生长，山变成了鲜绿色。2These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish,_ feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以损害水稻的昆虫为食。Summer some of which.文章整体理解：理清文章架构Introduction of Longji Rice Terraces In different seasons，the mountains are covere
4、d in,1.of different colours.The history of the terraces Starting in the Yuan Dynasty，work on the terraces,took hundreds of years，until its 2.in the,early Qing Dynasty.The reasons for turning mountains into terraces It is to increase the growing area of rice and,3.the soil from being washed away.shee
5、ts completion preventThe most significant thing about the terrace What is most significant is the way in which,people have worked in 4.with nature.Todays Longji Rice TerracesNew generations continue to use ancient methods,of agriculture to 5.the terraces.harmony maintain.文章细节理解：探寻语篇细节信息1Which of the
6、 following descriptions is not right according to Paragraph 1?AGreen spring.BBright summer.CGold autumn.DWhite winter.A2Which is not true about the terrace according to Paragraph 2?AIt was built by the Zhuang and Yao people.BIt was built from the Yuan Dynasty.CIts construction only lasted two dynast
7、ies.DIt was completed in the Qing Dynasty.C 3Which of the following is not the reason for building the terraces?AThere are few large,flat areas of land.BThey could increase the rice growing area.CThe region has plenty of water and the mountains are steep.DThe terrace can prevent the soil from being
8、washed away.C 4Which word can be used to describe the relationship of the terrace and the people?ASignificant.BHarmonious.CClever.DHarmful.B5What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?AModern technology could help produce more crops.BThe traditions hold much value for the people.CNew generations continue
9、to maintain the terraces.DTodays Longji Rice Terraces.D6The passage may appear in a _.Ajournal Btravel guideCpopular magazine DstorybookB第一版块|重点词汇诠释1sheet n.(一)大层(覆盖物)，薄板，纸张，床单 (1)a sheet of 一层；一张；一片(2)in sheets 大片地In winter they are covered in sheets of white frost.冬天它们被层层的白霜覆盖。The road was covered
10、 with a sheet of ice.路面结了一层冰。The rain was coming down in sheets.大雨倾盆而下。Ill go and find you some clean sheets and blankets.我去给你们找些干净的床单和毯子。即学即练 写出sheet在句中的汉语意思。(1)To beat or compress into a thin plate or sheet._(2)At the top and bottom of your sheet of paper,write a word or two for your introduction.
11、_(3)The children used an old sheet to serve as a curtain._薄板纸张床单写作佳句The streets were now in the fierce sheet of flame.街道上现在是一片火海。2.cover覆盖，占(面积)，涉及，报道，足够支付 cover sth.with sth.用某物覆盖/遮盖某物be covered with sth.被某物覆盖/遮盖cover an area of占地Mary covered her face with her hands.玛丽用双手捂住脸。The city covers an area
12、 of 800 square kilometers.这个城市占地800平方千米。His report covered all aspects of the problem.他的报告包含了这个问题的所有方面。The discussion covered a wide range of subjects.这次讨论涉及话题广泛。She will stay there to cover the whole game.她将待在那儿报道整个比赛。Will$100 cover the cost of this shirt?100美元够不够付这件衬衫的费用？名师指津：(1)cover作为动词，有两个反义词：d
13、iscover v.发现uncover v.揭开盖子，揭露(2)cover还可做名词，意为“封面，封皮”即学即练(1)判断下列句子中cover的词性及含义Outside,when I told Sally what happened,she covered her mouth,laughing._Is the money enough to cover the expense of the meal？_The front cover of the book is very beautiful._Excuse me,but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
14、No offence(冒犯),but your room price doesnt coverit._Spain,which covers about 506,000 square kilometers,is one of the largest countries in Europe._v.覆盖v.足够支付 n.封面v.包含，涉及v.占面积(2)完成句子这个学校目前占地5平方千米。This school _ 5 square kilometers now.这张桌子现在被黄色的桌布覆盖着。The table _ a yellow tablecloth now.covers an area of
15、is covered with/by3.shallow adj.浅的，肤浅的 (1)shallowly adv.浅地；肤浅地(2)shallowness n浅；肤浅The mountains are steep and the earth is shallow.山势陡峭，土层浅薄。Before that,ancient waters flowed wide and shallow over the land.在那之前，古老的水域宽而浅地流经陆地。If hes only interested in your looks,that shows how shallow he is.如果他只是对你的外
16、貌感兴趣，那说明他是多么肤浅。He lay there unconscious,breathing shallowly.他躺在那里不省人事，呼吸微弱。即学即练 完成句子(1)These fish are found in _(海边浅水水域)(2)It was fortunate that _(水很浅)shallow waters around the coastthe water was shallow名师指津：与“prevent.(from)doing sth.”意义相近的短语还有：stop.from doing sth.keep.from doing sth.4.prevent v阻止 (
17、1)prevent sb./sth.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事(2)preventable adj.可阻止的The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil frombeing washed away.平整的梯田留住雨水，并防止泥土被冲走。But this did not prevent the parents unable to shake their heads.但这丝毫没有阻止父母不住地摇头。We really want to see preventable deaths coming down in
18、 the next decade or so.我们真的希望在未来十年左右看到可预防的死亡人数下降。即学即练 完成句子(1)What do you think are the major problems which _(阻碍学生学习)?(2)The local enterprises should take measures to _(防止大气污染)prevent students from learningprevent the air pollution图形助记：The designer is designing fashionable clothes for the model.设计师正
19、在为模特设计时髦的服装。5.design v设计 (1)be designed for./to do.专为而设计(2)by design 故意地(3)have designs on sth.图谋得到某物The terraces are cleverly designed.这些梯田经过精细设计。The poster was designed for the campaign.海报是为活动而设计的。We shall never know whether this happened by accident or by design.我们永远也不会知道这件事是个意外还是事先安排的。Several de
20、velopers have designs on the project.好几个开发商都在觊觎这个项目。即学即练 用design的相关短语完成句子(1)这些房子是专为老年人设计的。The houses are specifically _ old people.(2)这些机器人是为帮助人们做家务而设计的。The robots are _ people with the housework.(3)不知是偶然还是有意安排，其他人走后，碰巧只剩下他们两个人了。It happenedwhether by accident or _that the two of them were left alone
21、 after all the others had gone.designed for designed to helpby design名师指津：(1)表示“故意地”的词和短语：on purpose deliberately(2)与by design意思相反的短语：by accident 意外地，偶然地by chance 偶然地；意外地6.harm v伤害，损害 (1)harm n伤害；损害do harm to 对有害(2)There is no harm in(sb.s)doing sth.It does no harm(for sb.)to do sth.It wouldnt do sb
22、.any harm to do sth.做某事(对某人)没有什么坏处(3)harmful adj.有害的Some insects can harm the rice crops.某些昆虫会危害水稻。Fake products do harm to peoples health.伪劣产品对人们的健康有害。There is no harm in taking advice,but set your own goals.听取建议是无害的，但你要设定自己的目标。No matter who you are,the extreme dieting can be very harmful.不管你是谁，极端的
23、节食都是非常有害的。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)What you have done might do harm _ others.(2)The high income tax is _(harm)in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more income.(3)Maybe she cant help us but it does no harm _(ask)to harmful to ask联想拓展：(1)“对造成损害”的表达：do damage tocause damage to(2)“beadj.to”结构的短语：be
24、 similar to 同相似be familiar to 为所熟知be kind to 对友好be equal to 能胜任；与相等be accustomed to 习惯于be addicted to 沉迷于be used to 习惯于7.form v形成，产生 n表格，形式 (1)form an.habitform the habit of.养成的习惯(2)fill in/out a form 填表in the form of 以的形式take the form of 采取形式in form/out of form 状况良好/不佳A plan formed in my mind.一个计划在
25、我的头脑中形成了。Forming a good habit is important for everyone.养成一个良好的习惯对每个人都很重要。Youd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form ofa question.你如果以提问的形式提出自己的要求，听起来会更有礼貌。The training programme takes the form of a series of workshops.培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。即学即练(1)判断下列句子中form的词性及含义The rocks were formed
26、 more than 4,000 million years ago._Computers,televisions and other forms of technology are a major part of life in the 21st century._After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope provided._Its easy for the children to form their healthy habits when they are young._The
27、y tried to form a study group on human rights._v.形成，产生n.形式n.表格v.养成 v.成立(2)完成句子As long as you _(养成的习惯)learning English every day and have perseverance(毅力),you will learn English better sooner or later.Help _(以的形式)providing teaching equipment is practical.,form the habit ofin the form of写作佳句：If you fi
28、ll in this form,you can take these books out of the library.你如果填了这张表，就可以把这本书带出图书馆。语境助记：As so many admirers admired her,the movie star was used to receiving admiring glances from the people who had great admiration for her.由于有如此多的赞赏者仰慕她，那个电影明星习惯了收到来自那些十分赞赏她的人的赞赏的目光。联想拓展：与admire意思相近的词：appreciate v.欣赏e
29、njoy v.欣赏，享受的乐趣praise v.赞美，称赞8.admire v欣赏，钦佩，羡慕 (1)admire sb./sth.(for sth.)(因某事而)钦佩/赞赏某人/某事admire sb.for doing sth.因做某事而钦佩/赞赏某人(2)admirable adj.令人羡慕的，值得赞赏的admiring adj.钦佩的，赞美的(3)admiration n钦佩，赞赏in admiration 赞赏地，钦佩地have admiration for 赞赏，钦佩admirer n爱慕者，追求者I admire her for sticking to her principle
30、s.我欣赏她恪守原则。Lewis was admired for his study on medieval literature.刘易斯因其对中世纪文学的研究而受人仰慕。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)He was a keen _(admire)of the works of W.B.Yeats,at a time when Yeats was relatively unknown in England.(2)The school is widely admired _ its excellent teaching.(3)Reading her biography,I was lost in
31、_(admire)for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.admirer for admiration名师指津：“plenty of可数名词复数/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后名词的数保持一致。第二版块|重点短语、句型剖析1plenty of 大量的，充足的plenty of前不可以加不定冠词a，其后可接可数名词复数和不可数名词。There are plenty of jobs for you to choose from.可供你选择的工作很多。Plenty of money has been invested on th
32、is project.这个项目已经投入了大量资金。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)A great many college students _(be)sent to the poor area to help the children there last month.(2)A large amount of money _(be)spent on advertisements every year.(3)Plenty of attention _(pay)by the government to childrens safety on school buses in recent years.
33、were is has been paid写作佳句：The old tree has seen the improvement of peoples living standard.这棵古树见证了人们生活水平的提高。2.(教材P62)Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.夏天来了，随着水稻的生长，山变成了鲜绿色。see，find，witness等词前用表示时间、地点或其他无生命的名词作主语，这是一种拟人手法，用来增添语言色彩，意为“(在某段时期或某地)发生(某情况)，经历或经受了某事”。Dusk saw th
34、e little boy wandering in the street.黄昏时，这个小男孩在街上闲逛。The 1960s witnessed the first translation into English of the famous work Fortress Besieged written by Qian Zhongshu.20世纪60年代，钱钟书的著名作品围城第一次有了英译本。即学即练 单句写作(1)这座城市经历了很多变化。(see)_(2)20 世纪目睹了两次世界大战。(witness)_The city has seen many changes.The twentieth
35、century witnessed two world wars.3.(教材P63)These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish,some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以损害水稻的昆虫为食。本句的结构分析如下：He mentioned a person，the name of whom(of whom the name)Ive forgotten.他提到了一个人，人名我
36、忘记了。There are 16 students here,all of whom(of whom all)have passed the test.这里有16名学生，他们所有人都已经通过了考试。He downloaded some songs，four of which(of which four)were very sweet.他下载了一些歌曲，其中有四首非常甜美。In our school there are about 200 teachers，thirty percent of whom are men.我们学校大约有200位教师，其中百分之三十是男教师。The trees，all
37、 of whose leaves have fallen down，are very old.那些树很老了，它们所有的叶子都落了。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)In the past few years,he has collected a lot of ancient coins,most of _ date back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.(2)In our class there are 46 students,half of _ wear glasses.(3)Dong Qing,a famous hostess,shared her experi
38、ence of creating The Readers,one of _ purposes is to create more original(原创的)entertainment.which whom whose名师指津：“名词/不定代词/数词of关系代词”引导定语从句的用法是英语学习中的难点和重点，学习时要注意：(1)关系代词的选择；(2)名词/不定代词/数词，of，关系代词的顺序。文化采风梯田是在丘陵山坡地上沿等高线方向修筑的条状阶梯式或波浪式断面的田地，是治理坡耕地水土流失的有效措施，蓄水、保土、增产作用十分显著。梯田的通风透光条件较好，有利于作物生长和营养物质的积累。中国梯田主要分
39、布在江南山岭地区，其中广西、云南居多，这是因为这些地方雨水比较多，又多山，梯田依山而建。其中以云南哀牢山和广西龙胜龙脊梯田较为出名。龙胜龙脊梯田已成为广西的著名风景区。整个龙脊梯田景区山清水秀，瀑布成群，春如层层银带，夏滚道道绿波，秋叠座座金塔，冬似群龙戏水，四季各有神韵。Longji Rice Terraces1 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water【1】，shining in the spring sun【2】Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice【3】.Dur
40、ing autumn，these same mountains are gold,and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost，These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.【1】wrapped in silver water 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰mountains。【2】shining in the spring sun 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。【3】本句中 Summer 为无生命名词作主语。2 These terraces were built by the
41、local Zhuang and Yao people,to whom Guangxi is home【4】.Starting in theYuan Dynasty，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty.Reaching as far as the eye can see【5】，these terraces cover tall mountains,often from the bottom to the very top.【4】to.home 为“介
42、词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 the local Zhuang and Yao people。【5】Reaching.see 为现在分词短语作方式状语。其中 as far.see为 as.as sb./sth.can/could 结构。3 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces?Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region.Building theterraces the
43、refore meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.【6】Secondly,although the region has plenty of rain【7】，the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soilfrom being washed away.【6】本句为复合句。其中 Building the terraces 为 v-
44、ing 形式作主语；that.rice 为 that 引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中又包含一个“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句 in which.rice，修饰 the areas。【7】although.rain 为 although 引导的让步状语从句。4 But perhaps what is most significant【8】is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly design
45、ed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season,it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces【9】.The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces onc
46、e again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish,some of which feed oninsects that can harm21 the rice crops22.【8】what.significant 为 what 引导的主语从句，其中 what 在从句中作主语。【9】it is.terraces 为强调句型，强调的是 along these waterways。5 Although modern technology could help produce more crops，
47、these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions23 hold much value.This knowledge is passed down through families,which means that new generations24 continue to use ancient methods of agriculture25 to maintain26 the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract27 thousands o
48、f visitors who come to admire28 this great wonder created by people and nature working together.龙脊水稻梯田1 想象一下：群山被银水环绕，在春光下闪耀。夏天来了，随着水稻的生长，山变成了鲜绿色。秋天的时候，同样的这些山又变成了金色；冬天，它们又被覆盖在层层白霜之下。这些都是龙脊水稻梯田的颜色。2 这些梯田是由当地的壮族和瑶族人民开辟的，广西就是他们的故乡。梯田的开辟花费了数百年，从元朝开始，直到清朝初年才得以完成。极目远眺，这些梯田通常从山脚下一直延伸到山顶，覆盖座座高山。3 那么，这些人为什么要费
49、尽周折地把群山变成梯田呢？首先，这个地区几乎没有大片平地。因此，建造梯田意味着他们能够增加他们可以种植水稻的面积。其次，尽管该地区雨水充沛，但山势陡峭，土壤很薄。平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。4 但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造这些梯田，种植水稻。梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连接。在雨季，雨水就是沿着这些水道顺着山脉流入梯田的。太阳把水加热并把它变成气体，这就形成了云，雨又从云中落下，落到山上的梯田里。这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以损害水稻的昆虫为食。5 虽然现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物，但这些梯田对当地人来说仍旧意义重大，他们是把传统
50、看得很重要的人。这一知识通过家族传承下来，这意味着新生的一代代人继续使用农耕古法来维持梯田。今天，龙脊水稻梯田吸引着成千上万的游客来欣赏这由人类和自然共同创造的伟大奇迹。词语积累imagine v想象，设想imagination n想象力，想象imaginary/mdnri/adj.想象中的，幻想的，虚构的sheet/it/n(一)大层(覆盖物)；床单，被单；(纸)片，(纸)张frost/frst/n霜；严寒天气，霜冻dynasty/dnsti/n朝代Yuan Dynasty 元朝 Tang Dynasty 唐朝completion/kmpli()n/n完成，结束complete adj.完全
51、的，彻底的completely adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地go to so much trouble to do sth./of doing sth.费尽周折做某事，不辞辛苦做某事region/rid()n/n地区，区域therefore/ef/adv.因此，由此steep/stip/adj.陡的，陡峭的soil/sl/n土壤shallow/l/adj.浅的，肤浅的，浅薄的catch v熟词生义 接(落下的液体)prevent/prvent/v阻挡，防止significant/snfknt/adj.重要的，影响深远的in harmony with 与协调一致/和谐harmony/hmni/
52、n融洽，和谐harmonious/hmnis/adj.(关系)友好和睦的，和谐的；协调的design/dzan/v设计，制订n设计，布局，安排waterway/wtwe/n水路，航道heat v加热，变热，(使)变暖n热；温度；炎热天气vapour/vep(r)/n蒸气feed on(动物)以为食21harm/hm/v伤害，损害nU伤害，损害22crop/krp/n庄稼，作物。此时常用复数形式。23tradition/trd()n/n传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)traditional/trdnl/adj.传统的，习俗的，惯例的24generation/denre()n/n一代人25agricul
53、ture/rklt/n农业agricultural/rkltrl/adj.(与)农业(有关)的26maintain/menten/v维持，保养；维修，保养27attract/trkt/v吸引，引起的兴趣28admire/dma/v欣赏，观赏；钦佩，仰慕.单词拼写1Lightning is the very bright f_ of light in the sky that happens during thunderstorms.2In the morning,I woke up to find the ground outside covered with a thin(薄的)s_ of
54、white snow.3Paper-cutting dates back to the time of the Northern and Southern D_.4The stream was quite s_ so we were able to walk across it.5If you had been more careful in the exam,such mistakes could have been _(防止)flash sheet Dynasties shallow prevented 6One of the _(重要的)moments in my life was wh
55、en I conquered(克服)my fear and stood on the stage making a speech to hundreds of people.7It is really a hard job to _(设计)a perfect railway in that vast desert.8As I enter my 40s，Ive noticed many of my parents _(一代人)think social networking is something they are simply unable to understand.9I know your
56、e interested in Chinese festivals，and _(因此)I have chosen an album of paper-cutting for you.significant designgeneration therefore 10Different _(地区)had different accents,which made it difficult to understand each other.11These flowers are brightly coloured in order to _(吸引)butterflies.12Everyone love
57、s Adventureland!The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore,enjoy and _(欣赏)their wonders.regionsattract admire.单句语法填空1The large steel factory was finally _ in 2010,whose _ meant plenty of job chances for the local residents.(complete)2We agree to find an _ place to relax ourselves.Los An
58、geles is a typical _.Apart from Universal Studios Hollywood and good restaurants,its mild climate also _ a large number of visitors every year.(attract)3The ordinary people all look at the intelligent man with _(admire)because he never fails to cope with pleted completion attractive attraction attra
59、cts admiration4The young _(design),whose design for the building won an international award,is worthy to be highly thought of.5Thanks to the efforts of the government,plenty _ jobs are available to the college graduates.6The policy of reducing the price of bus services provides you _ a cheap way to
60、get around.7Mr Zhang has two daughters,both of _ are famous doctors.8With better education,people will be able to build a better society in harmony _ nature.9When I try to find out what it is that prevents so many people _(take)part in the program,it seems to me that there are two main causes.design
61、er of with whomwith taking.完成句子1上海有可能成为沃尔沃新的中国总部所在地。Shanghai is likely to _ Volvos new China headquarters.2人类应该关注所有的生物，和自然和谐相处。Humans should take good care of all kinds of creatures and be _ nature.3他会给我提供必要的资源。He will _ the needed resources.4蝙蝠夜间飞行，以昆虫为食。Bats fly at night and _ insects.be home toin
62、 harmony withprovide me withfeed on5一位母亲将编织传统传给女儿。A mother would _ weaving traditions to her daughter.6至于准确性，PDF 比图片好得多。_ accuracy goes,PDFs fair much better than images.pass down As far as.课文语法填空The Longji Rice Terraces 1._(build)by the local Zhuang and Yao people,to 2._ Guangxi is home.Starting in
63、 the Yuan Dynasty,work on the terraces took hundreds of years,until its 3._(complete)in the early Qing Dynasty.So why did these people go to so much trouble 4._(turn)the entire mountains into terraces?Firstly,there are few large,flat areas of land in the region.5._(build)the terraces therefore meant
64、 that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.Secondly,although the region has plenty of rain,the mountains are steep and 6._ soil is shallow.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.were builtwhom completion to turn Buildingthe But perhap
65、s what is 7._(important)is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are 8._(clever)designed,with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season,it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mo
66、untains and into the terraces.The sun9._(heat)the water and turns it into gas.This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish,some of which feed on insects that can do harm 10._ the rice crops.most important cleverly heats to
