1、吉林省长春市长春外国语学校2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第卷 选择
2、题（共100分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How is the man going to spend his summer vacation?A. He will not leave the school.B. He will go camping.C. Hell stay home.2. Why did the woman get a ti
3、cket while Vivian didnt?A. Vivian didnt bring enough money.B. Vivian didnt want to go to the show.C. Vivian was after the woman in the line.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. The womans clothes.B. The price of the womans dress.C. The mans jacket.4. Where is the man?A. In a hotel entrance. B.
4、In a movie theatre. C. In a clothing store.5. What do we know about the man?A. He needs some help. B. He is a scientist. C. He is a doctor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
5、。6. What party does the woman want to have?A. A dancing party.B. A dinner party.C. A drinking party.7. Why does the man want to invite the Browns?A. He likes them.B. He hasnt seen them for long.C. They invited him to their last party. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What causes the conversation?A. A TV programme
6、.B. An article. C. An advertisement.9. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A The method of selecting goods.B. The time required for shopping.C. The relationship between shopping and time spent shopping.10. What does the man say about people who shop quickly?A. They know what they want to buy.
7、B. They dont want to waste time.C. They shop in the cheapest shop.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。11. What is the man doing now?A. Fishing.B. Preparing for fishing. C. Doing housework.12. What is the womans hobby?A. Making home movies.B. Seeing movies.C. Taking photos.13. What does the woman want to buy?A. A film
8、 camera.B. A movie ticket.C. A Japanese-made camera.听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。14. What is the boy doing?A. Cleaning a house. B. Painting a house. C. Decorating a house.15. What is the woman going to do for the boy?A. Clean the house. B. Buy a carpet. C. Make some curtains.16. Why does the boy say sorry to t
9、he woman?A He dropped some paint on the carpet.B. He made the whole house dirty.C. He used a colour that the woman doesnt like.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. Summer vacation. B. The housing office. C. Check-out procedures.18. When does this talk take place?A. At the
10、 beginning of the school year.B. Near the end of the school year.C. During the summer vacation.19. Which of the following activities will lead to being fined?A. The student cant vacate (腾出) his room by June the third.B. The student doesnt turn in the room key before he leaves.C. The student doesnt c
11、lear his personal things out of the room.20. What must the students fill in the forms?A. Any damage to their rooms.B Their home addresses.C. Questions for the housing office.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AEach year. Time magazine picks
12、the best of the years inventions that will change how we live, work, and play.AiraFor people who are blind, everyday tasks such as walking to school or doing laundry can be tough. What if they could borrow” the eyes of someone who can see? Thats the thinking behind Aira. Aira is a service Users send
13、 live videoes of their surroundings to an agent This is done with special glasses or a smartphone app The agents are always available. They can answer questions, describe objects, and guide users through a location.3M Smog-reducing GranulesSmog is a type of air pollution. It comes from car and facto
14、ry emissions. The company 3M has created a new material, 3M smog-reducing granules (微粒)，which can break down smog granules in the air. The broken-down granules are washed away the next time it rains The granules will help reduce air pollution.The Whill Model CIMore than 3 million Americans use wheel
15、chairs to get around. But most wheelchairs are hard to move on many surfaces. The Whill Model CI is different. It is a new electric wheelchair. It can climb obstacles two inches high and move around in tight spaces. The wheelchair can also be taken apart in minutes. This makes it easy to transport.A
16、llbirdsMany shoe parts are not eco-friendly. Allbirds is trying to change that It is testing a new material called Sweet Foam, which is made from parts of the sugarcane (甘蔗)plant that would be thrown away. Allbirds has started using Sweet Foam in a line of flip-flops (人字 拖).It plans to use the mater
17、ial in more of its product lines.1. Who is Aira fit for?A. Laundry workers.B. Blind people.C. High school students.D. Service agents.2. Whats the aim of designing the Whill Model CI?A. To drive a car easily.B. To reduce traffic accidents.C. To overcome obstacles in life.D. To offer the disabled conv
18、enience.3. Which inventions are environmentally friendly?A. Aira and the Whill Model CI.B. The Whill Model CI and Allbirds.C. 3M Smog-reducing Granules and Allbirds.D. Aira and 3M Smog-reducing Granules.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了时代杂志选出的几个改变我们生活、工作和娱乐方式的最佳发明。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For people
19、 who are blind, everyday tasks such as walking to school or doing laundry can be tough.”可知，Aira适合盲人，故B项正确。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It can climb obstacles two inches high and move around in tight spaces. The wheelchair can also be taken apart in minutes. This makes it easy to transport.”可知，Whill Model CI能
20、爬上两英寸高的障碍物，在狭小的空间里活动。也可以在几分钟内拆卸，便于运输，由此可知，设计Whill Model CI的目的是为使用轮椅的残疾人提供方便，故D项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“3M smog-reducing granules (微粒)，which can break down smog granules in the air.”和最后一段中的“Many shoe parts are not eco-friendly. Allbirds is trying to change that”可知，3M减雾颗粒可以分解空气中的烟雾颗粒；Allbirds鞋的部件是环保的，由
21、此可知它们两个是环保的，故C项正确。.BOn a boat near Costa Rica, a team of marine biologist is helping a turtle. The animal is having trouble breathing, and the team discovers whythere is something inside its nose. A scientist tries to extract the object, but the turtle cries in pain. Finally after eight long minutes
22、, a long object is pulled out. It is a 10-centimeter plastic straw.The video of the turtles rescue has been viewed millions of times on YouTube. It has helped raise awareness of a growing problem: The worlds seas are full of plastic. Since 2000, there has been a huge increase worldwide plastic produ
23、ction, but we recycle less than one-fifth of it. A lot of this plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Today, scientists think about 8.1 billion kilograms goes into the sea every year from costal regions. Most of this plastic will never break into little pieces.This ocean plastic hurts millions of sea a
24、nimals every year. Some fish eat plastic because it is covered with sea plants, and it looks and smells like food. “In some cases, eating sharp pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even result in death,” says marine biologist Matthew Savoca.Plastic is useful to people because it is s
25、trong and lasts a long time, but this is bad news for sea creatures who eat or get stuck in it. According to Savoca, Single-use plastics are the worst.” These are items that are used only once before we throw them away. Some common examples include straws, water bottles, and plastic bags. About 700
26、sea species have been caught in or have eaten this kind of plastic. Luckily, the turtle survived and was released back into the ocean. How will plastic affect sea animals in the long term? “I think well know the answers in 5 to 10 years time,” says an expert from Columbia University. But by then, an
27、other 25 million tons of plastic will already be in the ocean.4. Which of these questions is answered in Paragraph 1?A. Where was the scientist from?B. When did the incident take place?C. What was the cause of the turtles pain?D. How did the scientists remove the object?5. What does “It” in Paragrap
28、h 2 refer to?A. The video.B. The turtle.C. YouTube.D. The Plastic.6. Why are the seas full of plastic waste?A. Because sea animals consume plastic.B. Because more plastic is produced than recycled.C. Because plastic can be dissolved in the sea quickly.D. Because other places are already full of plas
29、tic waste.7. What can be concluded from the text?A. Single-use plastics are peoples favorite.B. Plastic waste can cause deadly damage to sea animals.C. More than 700 sea species can survive the ocean plastic.D. The oceans plastic problem will be solved in a decade.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一
30、篇说明文。文章通过海龟误食塑料的例子来说明了海洋塑料的增多和它带来的危害。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The animal is having trouble breathing, and the team discovers whythere is something inside its nose.”（这只乌龟呼吸困难，研究小组发现了其中的原因它鼻子里有东西。）可推断，第一段回答了导致乌龟痛苦的原因是什么。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“The video of the turtles rescue has been viewed millions of times o
31、n YouTube.”（这段营救海龟的视频在YouTube上已经被观看了数百万次。）可知，第二段中“it”指代这段视频。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Since 2000, there has been a huge increase worldwide plastic production, but we recycle less than one-fifth of it. ”（自2000年以来，全球塑料产量大幅增长，但我们回收的还不到五分之一。）可知，由于塑料生产远超过回收利用导致了大海充满了垃圾。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“This ocean plasti
32、c hurts millions of sea animals every year. ”（这种海洋塑料每年都会伤害数百万海洋动物。）和“In some cases, eating sharp pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even result in death,” says marine biologist Matthew Savoca.”（“在某些情况下，吃锋利的塑料碎片会严重伤害海洋动物，甚至导致死亡，”海洋生物学家马修萨沃卡(Matthew Savoca)说。）可知，海洋塑料对海洋动物有很大的危害。故选B。C
33、A 27-year-old inventor, Joco Paulo Lammoglia, has come up with a new device named the AIRE mask, which is capable of converting the wind energy provided by the wearers breath into electrical energy. This means breathing has become a source of renewable energy. The inspiration for the invention came
34、from his watching children blowing on pinwheels (纸风车).The device is worn like a mask equipped with tiny wind turbines (涡轮) and it can work its magic even while people are sleeping, jogging or hanging around, since energy is created from ones breath. The principle of this AIRE mask is simple. The inv
35、ention uses the wind flow created by breathing and changes it into energy that can charge mobile phones and iPods. Simply put this mask connected to your mobile phone on your face. The rest takes place naturally through your breath that provides power to run turbines which produce electricity.Lammog
36、lia explained how useful he hopes the AIRE will become. He said, “I hope to bring the concept into production and reduce the carbon footprint. It can be used indoors or outdoors, while youre sleeping, walking, running or even reading books.” Apart from saving energy and contributing to environmental
37、 protection, it also encourages the practice of physical exercise. This is an entirely all time renewable energy source. Its energy is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.Lammoglia explained why he thought the AIRE was so useful, saying, “Though many of our modern devices offer benefits, the
38、y tend to consume a high amount of electrical energy. This may cause problems for the environment, especially if the energy used by these devices is obtained from non-renewable sources.The AIRE mask will be futures cheaper source of charging mobile phones. It would save energy and allow people to ne
39、ver have to worry about their phone dying unless they stop breathing.8. The word “converting” (Para.1) is closest in meaning to _.A. chargingB. convincingC. exchangingD. transforming9. After putting on the mask, how do people charge their mobile phones using the device?A. Breathe out air-Drive turbi
40、nes-Produce electricity.B. Use wind-Pass through turbines-Produce electricity.C. Breathe in air-Use turbines-Create energy.D. Connect turbines-Produce wind flow-Create energy.10. Lammoglia would most probably agree that the AIRE mask _.A. consumes a high amount of energyB. will account for environme
41、ntal damageC. is a good solution to energy issuesD. is available in the shop now11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. An electronic maskB. A breath-powered chargerC. A new renewable energy sourceD. An air purifying device【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位27岁的发
42、明家Joco Paulo Lammoglia发明了一种名为AIRE mask的新设备，可以将佩戴者呼出的风能转化为电能。文章介绍了这一设备的工作原理，以及对于解决能源问题可能会产生的积极影响。【8题详解】词意猜测题。根据下文the wind energy provided by the wearers breath into electrical energy可知这种新的装置能让穿戴者呼出的风能转化为电能，故可知划线单词converting意思为“转化”，故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。第二段最后一句The rest takes place naturally through your bre
43、ath that provides power to run turbines which produce electricity.可知戴上口罩后，人们呼出空气来驱动涡轮机进行发电，来给手机充电，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句This is an entirely all time renewable energy source. Its energy is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.可知这完全是一种可再生能源。它的能量是一天24小时，一周7天可用的。Lammoglia很可能会同意AIRE面具是解决能源问
44、题的好办法，故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一句A 27-year-old inventor, Joco Paulo Lammoglia, has come up with a new device named the AIRE mask, which is capable of converting the wind energy provided by the wearers breath into electrical energy. 27岁的发明家Joco Paulo Lammoglia发明了一种名为AIRE mask的新设备，可以将佩戴者呼出的风能转化为电能。以及文章主要
45、内容都是围绕这一呼吸动能充电器，故选B。DSolar energy systems/power plants do not produce air pollution, water pollution, or greenhouse gases. Using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on the environment, when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the
46、 environment.However, some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic (光电池的) cells that convert sunlight into electricity. Some solar thermal (保热的) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment. U. S.
47、 environmental laws regulate the use and settlement of these types of materials.As with any type of power plant, large solar power plants can affect the environment near their locations. The placement of the power plant may have long-term effects on the habitats of native plants and animals. Some so
48、lar power plant-s may require water for cleaning solar collectors and concentrators or for cooling turbine generators. Using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. In addition, the beam of concentrated sunl
49、ight a solar power tower creates can kill birds and insects that fly into the beam.The amount of solar energy that the earth receives each day is many times greater than the total amount of all energy that people consume each day. However, on the surace of the earth, solar energy is a variable and i
50、rregular energy source. The amount of sunlight and the intensity of sunlight varies by time of day and location. Weather and climate conditions affect the availability of sunlight daily and on a seasonal basis. The type and size of a soIar energy collection and conversion system determines how much
51、of the available solar energy we can convert into useful energy.12. Which of the following best explains hazardous underlined in paragraph 2?A. inexpensiveB. dangerousC. ineffectiveD. abnormal13. What influence can large solar power plants have on the locations?A. Polluting the ground water.B. Prote
52、cting the habitats of plants and animals.C. Damaging the local natural balance.D. Attracting birds and insects to the area.14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Different areas receive different amount of solar energy.B. How to convert solar energy into useful energy.C. The relationship
53、 between solar energy collection and the sunlight.D. Some factors that influence the amount of solar energy collection.15. What does the author think of the solar energy systems?A. They are totally environment-friendly.B. They have both advantages and disadvantages.C. They should be forbidden in the
54、 future.D. They should be encouraged in quantities.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。使用太阳能会对环境产生积极的影响，但是也有消极影响，比如影响当地的生态环境，不稳定等，是一把双刃剑。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据Some solar thermal (保热) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environm
55、ent.” 可知一些太阳热能(保热的)系统使用潜在-的液体转移热量，这些材料的泄漏可能对环境有害。既然是对环境有害的，那么这些液体肯定是危险的（dangerous）,故选B。【13题详解】推测判断题。根据第二段中“Using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. fly into the beam.”可知在一些干旱地区使用大量地下水或地表水可能会影响依赖这些水资源的生态
56、系统。并且太阳能塔产生的聚光光束可以杀死飞进光束中的鸟类和昆虫。这些都会破坏当地的生态平衡，故选C。【14题详解】段落大意题。第三段主要是关于影响太阳能的因素，阳光的数量和强度，天气和气候条件，太阳能转换系统等都会影响太阳能的使用。故选D。【15题详解】推测判断题。作者在文中提到了太阳能对环境保护的好处，同时也提出太阳能的一些劣势，比如会破坏生态平衡，不稳定。由此可以看出作者认为太阳能既有好处，也有不好的地方，选B。【点睛】词义猜测题做题技巧。关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的
57、信息，确定单词的词义。比如小题1，根据后文 Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment.可知这些材料的泄露对环境有害，说明这些材料也就是液体是危险的，选B dangerous。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PollutionPollution happens when the environment is dirtied, by waste, chemicals, and other harmful substances(
58、物质).Pollution is a problem all over the world. But it is especially bad in large cities with a lot of industries and cars._16_Wildfires, volcanoes, and industrial chemicals cause some air pollution. But most air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels (矿物燃料）These include coal, oil and natural gas.
59、 The burning of fossil fuels may release harmful gases. Air pollution may cause such diseases cancer and asthma. It also leads to polluted rain that can harm living things_17_ Finally, air pollution damages the ozone layer(臭氧层)which is important because it protects Earth against harmful rays from th
60、e sun.Causes of water pollution are easy to see. People dump(倾倒) garbage and dirty water into river, lakes and oceans. Factories or cities sometimes release poisonous chemicals, and other wastes into water. These chemicals may make the groundwater unfit to drink._18_Littering, or throwing garbage on
61、 the ground, is a form of land pollution. Litter can destroy the habitats of plants and animals. The buildup of dangerous chemicals in the ground is another form of land pollution. The chemicals may come from farms or factories._19_ They may even harm people who eat the polluted plants and animals.M
62、any governments, environmental groups, and ordinary people are working to control pollution. Governments have passed laws to keep people from releasing dangerous chemicals into the environment _20_ Instead they are getting power from the sun, wind, water, and other energy sources to produce less pol
63、lution. Many communities use recycling to reduce pollution.A. Farmers use chemical to help crops grow.B. This type of pollution may be seen in big cities.C. They also can harm fish and other forms of life.D. These chemicals can spread to plants and animals.E. In addition, air pollution may be a caus
64、e of global warming.F. There are three main forms of pollution: air, water, and land.G. Some companies and people are trying to use fewer fossil fuels.【答案】16. F 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍当今世界的严重污染问题，其中介绍了空气污染，水污染和土地污染对环境造成的影响以及危害。很多政府已经通过法律，禁止人们在环境中释放危险化学品等措施来防止污染。【16题详解】根据全文来看，第一
65、段总领全文，下面的几个段落分别介绍了三种污染方式，结合前一句“But it is especially bad in large cities with a lot of industries and cars.(但是在有许多工业和汽车的大城市里，情况尤其糟糕。)”可知此时应表达污染的形式有什么，F项“污染主要有三种形式：空气、水和土地。”适合引出下文，故选F项。【17题详解】根据前文“Air pollution may cause such diseases cancer and asthma. It also leads to polluted rain that can harm liv
66、ing things.(空气污染可能导致癌症和哮喘等疾病。 它还会导致污染雨水，从而可能损害生物。)”以及下文“Finally, air pollution damages the ozone layer(臭氧层)which is important because it protects Earth against harmful rays from the sun.(最后，空气污染会破坏臭氧层，臭氧层很重要因为它可以保护地球免受太阳有害射线的伤害。)”可知，空处讲的内容也应是空气污染的影响，E项“此外，空气污染也可能是全球变暖的原因”符合语境，故选E项。【18题详解】由第三段内容“Caus
67、es of water pollution are easy to see. People dump(倾倒) garbage and dirty water into river, lakes and oceans. Factories or cities sometimes release poisonous chemicals, and other wastes into water.(水污染的原因显而易见。人们把垃圾和脏水倾倒到河流、湖泊和海洋中。工厂或城市有时会向水中排放有毒化学物质和其他废物。)”可知本段主要讲述的是水污染的原因以及造成的影响，结合空前一句“These chemica
68、ls may make the groundwater unfit to drink.(这些化学物质可能使地下水不适合饮用。)”可知此处应填入C项“这些化学物质还会危害鱼和其他生物。”，其中的They指代上句的These chemicals ，故选C项。【19题详解】根据前文“Litter can destroy the habitats of plants and animals. The buildup of dangerous chemicals in the ground is another form of land pollution. The chemicals may come
69、 from farms or factories.(垃圾会破坏动植物的栖息地。 地下危险化学品的堆积是土地污染的另一种形式。 这些化学物质可能来自农场或工厂。)”对污染土地的化学物质的描述，结合空后“They may even harm people who eat the polluted plants and animals.(它们甚至可能伤害食用被污染的动植物的人。)”可知这些化学物质会蔓延到动植物的身上，甚至会危害人类，D项“这些化学物质会蔓延到动植物身上”符合语境，其中的“spread to plants and animals”引出下句的“polluted plants and a
70、nimals”，故选D项。【20题详解】根据空前内容“Many governments. environmental groups, and ordinary people are working to control pollution. Governments have passed laws to keep people from releasing dangerous chemicals into the environment.(许多政府，环境团体和普通百姓都在努力控制污染。 各国政府已通过法律，以防止人们将危险的化学物质释放到环境中。)”可知本段主要讲述的是为了防止污染采取的措施，
71、结合空后“Instead they are getting power from the sun, wind, water, and other energy sources the produce less pollution. Many communities use recycling to reduce pollution.(相反，他们从太阳，风，水和其他能源中获取能量，从而减少了污染。 许多社区使用回收利用来减少污染。)”可知G项内容“一些公司和人们正在努力减少使用化石燃料。”符合此处语境，承上启下，故选G项。第三部分 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，
72、从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste. Thats a total of about 19 billion pounds of _21_. And according to the estimates available, thats how much plastic waste _22_ in our oceans every year.“Were be
73、ing _23_ by our waste,” said Jenna Jambeck, an/a _24_ engineer who led the 2015 study that announced this shocking number. According to Jambecks research, this _25_ will double by 2025 unless something is done, _26_ and at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage.Plastic has in many ways been hel
74、pful to us, used in all walks of _27_ from medical equipment to parts of airplanes. _28_ some of the very traits (特性) that have made plastics so popular have also made them a _29_ problem in our landfills and oceans. Today, plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a
75、nonprofit environmental group that organizes a yearly _30_ cleanup event in more than 150 countries worldwide, said plastic pieces _31_ around 85 percent of all the garbage collected from beaches, waterways and oceans and thats just the stuff we can _32_.Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed
76、to _33_ at least 600 different wildlife _34_. One in three leatherback turtles, which often _35_ plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies (肚子). In 2017, a _36_ whale beached on Norways coast had 30 plastic bags in its _37_. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating _
77、38_ on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.And its not _39_ wildlife thats threatened by the plastics in our seas. A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.With this in mind，experts say that all of us have a _40
78、_ role to play in relieving the issue in ways both big and small.21. A. seaweedB. garbageC. seafoodD. money22. A. comes fromB. takes outC. ends upD. puts away23. A. fascinatedB. controlledC. surroundedD. destroyed24. A. medicalB. electricalC. agriculturalD. environmental25. A. figureB. wasteC. price
79、D. cost26. A. quicklyB. slowlyC. hurriedlyD. unexpectedly27. A. timeB. educationC. technologyD. life28. A. WhileB. SoC. ButD. And29. A. changingB. growingC. movingD. touching30. A. scientificB. coastalC. generalD. tiny31. A. make upB. turn upC. pick upD. bring up32. A. hideB. eatC. seeD. use33. A. p
80、romoteB. rescueC. increaseD. threaten34. A. plantsB. animalsC. protectionD. species35. A. mistakeB. lookC. regardD. recognize36. A. poisonousB. deadlyC. deadD. lively37. A. mouthB. stomachC. headD. tail38. A. wasteB. rubbishC. nothingD. plastics39. A. alwaysB. justC. reallyD. constantly40. A. critic
81、alB. toughC. demandingD. natural【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了大量的塑料垃圾对于海洋以及与海洋有关的各种生物包括人在内的威胁，其已然成为一种危机，需要立即采取行动缓解这个问题。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这总共是大约190亿磅的垃圾。A. seaweed海草；B. garbage垃圾；C. s
82、eafood海鲜；D. money金钱。根据前文“Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.”可知，这里在讲述曼哈顿区域它被齐踝深的塑料垃圾所覆盖，因此本句在讲述垃圾之多。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：根据现有最好的估计之一，那就是每年有多少塑料垃圾进入我们的海洋。A. comes from 来自；B. takes out除掉；取得（贷款、许可、保险等）；C. ends up结束；倒闭；D. puts away把收拾起来。根据前文“Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhat
83、tan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.( 想象一个面积是曼哈顿34倍的区域。现在想象一下，它被埋在齐踝深的塑料垃圾里。)以及“in our oceans every year”可知，在描述的是我们扔掉的塑料垃圾在以海洋为归宿。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们正被垃圾包围，”詹娜詹姆贝克(Jenna Jam beck)说，她是一名环境工程师，领导了2015年的一项研究，该研究公布了这个令人震惊的数字。A. fascinated使着迷；B. controlled控制；C. surrounded包围；D.
84、 destroyed毁坏。根据后文“at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage.除非在除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。)”可知，她所带领的研究团队公布的惊人数字应是上文提及的垃圾数量，其数量之大使得她认为我们正在被垃圾包围。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意“我们正被垃圾包围，”詹娜詹姆贝克(Jenna Jam beck)说，她是一名环境工程师，领导了2015年的一项研究，该研究公布了这个令人震惊的数字。A. medical医学的; 医疗的；B. electrical用电的；C. agricultural农业的；D.
85、environmental环保的。根据后文“who led the 2015 study that announced this shocking number(她领导了2015年的一项研究，该研究宣布了这个令人震惊的数字。)”可知她应该是从事环保有关的工作。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据Jambeck的研究，这个数字到2025年将会翻倍，除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。A. figure数字；B. waste废物; 废水；C. price价格；D. cost费用；成本。根据空前的this为指示代词，且结合空后的动词“double(使加倍; 翻倍)”可知，应是
86、指代前文中提及的“a total of about 19 billion pounds of(garbage)”中的数字。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据Jambeck的研究，这个数字到2025年将会翻倍，除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。A. quickly很快地；B. slowly缓慢地，慢慢地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；仓促地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地。根据前文“this_5_(figure)will double by 2025 unless something is done”可知，要阻止这种增长速度就要迅速立即采取措施。故
87、选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：塑料在很多方面都对人类有很大的帮助，从医疗设备到飞机零部件的各行各业都在使用塑料。A. time时间；B. education教育；C. technology技术；D. life生命；生活。根据后文“from medical equipment to parts of airplanes(从医疗设备到飞机部件)”可知，本句在强调塑料存在在各行各业。“all walks of life”，固定结构，意为“各行各业”。故选D项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是正是这些特性使得塑料如此受欢迎，也使得它们在我们的垃圾填埋场和海洋中成为一个日益严重
88、的问题。A. While当时候；然而；B. So因此；C. But但是；D. And而且。根据后文“some of the very traits that have made plastics so popular have also made them a_9_ problem in our landfills and oceans.”可知使塑料如此受欢迎的一些特性也使它们成为垃圾填埋场和海洋中的难题，因此与前句为转折关系。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是正是这些特性使得塑料如此受欢迎，也使得它们在我们的垃圾填埋场和海洋中成为一个日益严重的问题。A. changing
89、变化的；B. growing增加的；C. moving感人的； D. touching感人的。根据后文“Today, plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea.”可知塑料是海洋中发现的第一类垃圾，因此对于海洋和陆地来说，塑料是一种不断增长的难题。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动，该组织表示，从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中，约85%是塑料碎片这只是我们可以搜索到的东西。A. scientific科学的；B.
90、 coastal沿海的；C. general大体的；D. tiny微小的。根据该组织名词“Ocean Conservancy”为海洋保护协会，因此他们应是沿海清理垃圾。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动，该组织表示，从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中，约85%是塑料碎片这只是我们可以搜索的东西。A. make up构成；弥补；B. turn up 出现；C. pick up拾起；（毫不费力）学会；D. bring up养育；提出。根据后文“around 85 percent o
91、f all the garbage collected from beaches waterways and oceans(约占海滩、水道和海洋垃圾总量的85%)”可知，在讲述塑料垃圾的占有量。选项B. take up虽有“占用；占有”含义，但其占用的是时间、空间或精力，选项C. make up有“构成；组成”含义，符合语境。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动，该组织表示，从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中，约85%是塑料碎片这只是我们可以看见的东西。A. hide隐藏；B.
92、eat吃；C. see看见；D. use使用。根据前文“collected from beaches waterways and oceans- and thats just the stuff”可知发言人在强调这个占比只是从海滩，水路和海洋收集来的可以看得见的垃圾。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海洋保护协会说，塑料被认为至少威胁到600种不同的野生动物。A. promote促进，推动；B. rescue拯救；C. increase增加；D. threaten威胁。根据后文解释“One in three leatherback turtles, which often _15
93、_plastic bags for edible jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies.”可知人们发现，三分之一的棱皮龟的腹部都有塑料制品，因此海洋里的塑料垃圾对于海洋生物来说是有威胁的。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：海洋保护协会说，塑料被认为至少威胁到600种不同的野生动物。A. plants植物；B. animals动物；C. protection保护；D. species物种。根据后文举例“leatherback turtles”“whale”，“seabirds”可知，本段举例为不同种类野生动
94、物。B项 animals虽有“动物”含义，但不包括鸟类、鱼类、昆虫和人类；D项species意为“物种；生物”，含义更广，符合语境。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三分之一的棱皮龟经常把塑料袋误认为可食用的水母，它们的腹部被发现有塑料。A. mistake误认为；B. look看；C. regard 看待；D. recognize辨认。根据“plastic bags for edible jellyfish”可知，这种海龟把塑料袋误认为是可以吃的水母，mistake sth for sth，“把某物误认为某物”。故选A项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，在挪
95、威海岸搁浅的一头死掉的鲸鱼胃里有30个塑料袋。A. poisonous有毒的；B. deadly致命的；致死的；C. dead死的；D. lively活泼的。根据后文“beached on Norways coast(在挪威海岸搁浅)”且后文“had 30 plastic bags(有30个塑料袋)”说明该鲸鱼吞食了塑料袋死掉了才会在海岸搁浅。故选C项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，在挪威海岸搁浅的一头鲸鱼胃里有30个塑料袋。A. mouth嘴；B. stomach胃部；C. head头；D. tail尾巴。根据前文“had 30 plastic bags”可知，应是有30
96、个塑料袋被吃了，在其胃部发现。故选B项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：百分之九十的海鸟经常食用塑料。A. waste废物; 废水；B. rubbish垃圾；C. nothing无关紧要的事；D. plastics塑料。根据本段中心句“Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to _13_at least 600 different wildlife.”可知，本段在讲述塑料垃圾对于各种生物的威胁，因此本句应是在表明很多海鸟以塑料垃圾为食。故选D项。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅仅是野生动物受到海洋塑料的威胁。A. always
97、 总是；B. just仅仅；C. really 真正地；D. constantly不断地；时常地。根据后文“A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.( 越来越多的证据表明，人类通过食用海鲜来消费塑料。)”可知，不仅仅是野生动物，人类也受到海洋里塑料垃圾的威胁。故选B项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这一点，专家们表示，我们所有人在缓解这一问题上都可以发挥关键作用在大大小小的方面都可以发挥作用。A. critical批评的，关键的； B
98、. tough棘手的；C. demanding要求高的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“play in relieving the issue”可知，在缓解海洋塑料垃圾问题方面，每个人都发挥关键的重要的作用。故选A。第II卷 非选择题（共 50 分）第四部分 词汇语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）A. 根据提示补全句子，注意使用所填词汇的适当形式（每空仅填一词）。41. These areas are set aside for public _ (recreation) use.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】recreational【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词作定语
99、。句意：这些地方是拨出来供公众娱乐使用的。句中use是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词recreation是名词，其形容词是recreational。故填recreational。42. Because theyre handmade, each one varies _ (slight). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】slightly【解析】【分析】【详解】考查副词。句意：因为它们是手工制作的，所以每一个都略有不同。分析句子结构可知，空处需用程度副词slightly表示“略微”，故填slightly。43. If you heat water, it will e_ (蒸发). (根据中英文提
100、示单词拼写)【答案】evaporate【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你把水加热，它就会蒸发。根据首字母e和汉语提示可知，evaporate蒸发，动词，符合题意；空处谓语动词使用了一般将来时：will do，所以空处动词需用原形。故填evaporate。44. U_ (不像) traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people flexible options to exercise. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】Unlike【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：与传统健身房不同，有应用支持的健身房为人们提供灵活的锻炼选择。根据单词
101、首字母和汉语提示“不像”以及空格位置可知，此处句首应用介词Unlike和后面名词traditional gyms构成介词短语，在句中作状语。故填Unlike。45. Elaine went outside to i_ (视察) the playing field. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】inspect【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：Elaine出去检查运动场。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“视察”以及空格前的不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形inspect和to一起构成不定式，作目的状语。故填inspect。46. The e_ (废气) from car engine is
102、 harmful to peoples health. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】exhaust【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：汽车发动机排出的废气对人们的身体有害。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“废气”以及空格前的定冠词The和后文谓语动词is可知，此处应用不可数名词exhaust，作主语。故填exhaust。47. The epidemic which is highly i_ (传染性的) affects both children and adults. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】infectious【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：有高度传染性的流行病影响着
103、儿童和成人。根据句意和首字母以及汉语提示，应填形容词infectious作表语。表示“传染性的”，故填infectious。【点睛】48. Weve nearly _ (用光，用尽) paper. Do you think theres enough for today? (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】run out of【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们的纸快用完了。你觉得今天够吗？表示“用光，用尽”可用动词短语run out of，后接宾语名词paper；根据空格前助动词have可知，动词run应用过去分词和have一起构成现在完成时，作谓语。故填run out of。49.
104、The prejudice is evident and hard to s _ (消灭，消除). (根据中英文提示填空)【答案】stamp out【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：偏见显而易见，而且很难消灭。根据句意以及汉语提示“消灭，消除”可知，空处应填动词短语stamp out，与空前to构成不定式，不定式作补足语。故填stamp out。50. There isnt enough room for us, _ (更不必说) any guests. (根据汉语意思填空)【答案】let alone【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：都不够我们住的地方，更不用说客人了。固定
105、短语：let alone“更不必说”。故填let alone。B. 单句语法填空，在空白处填入所给单词的正确形式（每空不多于3个单词）。51. _ (disappoint) and upset, the boy left the classroom. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Disappointed【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：失望又沮丧，男孩离开了教室。分析句子并结合句意可知，空处应填形容词disappointed，作伴随状语。句子首字母大写。故填Disappointed。52. _ (warn) about the typhoon many times, the fis
106、hermen sailed for the nearest harbor. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Having been warned【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：由于多次受到台风的警告，渔民们驶向了最近的港口。根据many times可知，该空处应使用完成时态。且动词warn与主语fishermen之间是被动的关系，应使用完成时态的被动语态have been warned。此外分析句子可知，空处在句子中充当状语成分，have应使用having形式。句子首字母大写。故填Having been warned。53. Mother _ (sit) next to Max,
107、 he felt safe. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】sitting【解析】【分析】【详解】考查独立主格和非谓语动词。句意：有妈妈坐在Max身边，他觉得很安全。分析句子结构可知，该句是独立主格结构，且mother与sit之间是主动关系，应使用“名词(代词)+现在分词”结构，故填sitting。54. I caught him _ (steal) things in that shop. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】stealing【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：我当场抓住他在那家商店偷东西。固定搭配catch sb. doing sth.“抓住某人正在做某事”，其中现在
108、分词作宾语补足语。故填stealing。55. The museum _ (construct) last year has become a tourist attraction. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】constructed【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词过去分词。句意：去年建造的博物馆已成为旅游景点。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语，动词construct“建造”和所修饰的名词The museum之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填constructed。第五部分 短文改错（满分10分）56. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文
109、中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city because I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in co
110、untryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs around us is getting dirtier and dirtier.
111、 Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we will regret it.【答案】1. thinkthought 2. countryside前加the 3. orand 4. onwith5. 将第五句中been去掉 6. seriouslyserious 7. airsair 8. MuchMany9.foundfind 10. your our/the【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了地球环境问题，并倡导要保护环境
112、。【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我希望住在城市，因为我认为在那里我会很快乐。根据句意以及句中谓语动词was和hoped可知，句子为一般过去时，because引导的从句中谓语动词应用过去式。故将think改为thought。2.考查冠词。句意：现在我住在城市，但我想念我在农村的家。in the countryside“在乡村”是固定搭配，名词countryside需要用定冠词表示特指。故将countryside前加the。3.考查连词。句意：那里空气清新，山是绿色的。前文“There the air is clean”和后文“the mountains are green
113、”之间是并列关系，不是选择关系，应用连词and连接。故将or改为and。4.考查介词。句意：不幸的是，随着工业化的发展，环境被污染了。根据句意可知，此处应用介词with“随着”和名词短语the development of industrialization构成介词短语，符合句意。故将on改为with。5.考查语态。句意：许多研究表明，全球变暖已经成为一个非常严重的问题。谓语动词show和主语Lots of studies之间是主动关系，不可用被动语态。故将第五句中been去掉。6.考查形容词。句意：许多研究表明，全球变暖已经成为一个非常严重的问题。应用形容词serious修饰名词proble
114、m。故将seriously改为serious。7.考查名词。句意：我们周围的空气变得越来越脏。名词air“空气”是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将airs改为air。8.考查many和much的区别。句意：许多珍稀动物正在灭绝。many用来修饰名词复数，much用来修饰不可数名词，修饰复数名词rare animals应用many。故将Much改为Many。9.考查动词。句意：我们必须找到保护环境的方法。情态动词can后面应用动词原形。故将found改为find。10.考查代词或冠词。句意：如果我们不这样做，我们会后悔的。根据主语We可知，后文中的物主代词应保持逻辑一致，故名词environmen
115、t前应用our或the限定。故将your 改为 our/the。第六部分 书面表达（满分25分）57. 为了唤起全球青少年一代的环保意识，世界卫生组织向全球发起了“如何保护环境” 的建议征集活动，请你以学校学生会主席的名义，写一篇发言稿。要点如下：1. 保护环境是我们的职责；2. 保护环境的具体措施。注意:1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数。Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning, Im Li Hua from Changchun Foreign Language School. It is my great h
116、onor to be here to say something about how to protect the environment._【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning, Im Li Hua from Changchun Foreign Languages School. It is my great honor to be here to say something about how to protect the environment.As we all know, environmental problems are becoming m
117、ore and more serious all over the world. I think it is everyones duty to protect the environment. First of all, we should ride bicycles instead of taking cars to reduce the pollution. Then, we should eat up what we buy and not waste the food. At last, we should not leave the lights on in the daytime
118、 and leave water running after washing. In a word, only when we form the good habit of environmental protection can we make the earth more beautiful tomorrow.Dear fellow students, lets start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on!Thats all. Thank you!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达
119、属于应用文，要求考生以学生会主席的身份，就“如何保护环境”写一篇演讲稿。【详解】1.词汇积累严重的：severeserious责任：responsibilityduty吃完：finisheat up立即：immediately=right now2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：As we all know, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.拓展句：As we all know, environmental problems are becoming more and mor
120、e serious all over the world, which requires concern from all walks of life.点睛】高分句型1 I think it is everyones duty to protect the environment. (运用了宾语从句以及it作形式主语)高分句型2 In a word, only when we form the good habit of environmental protection can we make the earth more beautiful tomorrow. (运用了only+时间状语从句，主句部分倒装)
