1、过去分词作状语的用法非谓语动词的用法讲解:q 过去分词作状语1.过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。(1)Written in a hurry,this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写。(This article was)written in a hurry,(2)Lost/in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.(He was)lost in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.因为沉溺于
2、思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost (迷路);seated (坐);hidden (躲);stationed (驻扎);lost (沉溺于);born (出身于);dressed in(穿着);tired of (厌烦)。2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致。(1)Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题。given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I,即 I
3、被再给一个小时.)(I was)given another hour,I(2)Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮。(seen 为过去分词作状语,表“被看”,由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是“我们”,因为“我们”应主动看城市。)(The city was)seen from,the city looks【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。(1)The signal
4、given,the bus started.信号一发出,汽车就开动了。(the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。(2)Her head held high,she went by.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语。)3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。(1)Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。(caught in a heavy rain
5、为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)(He was)caught in,he was(2)Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.(grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句If these seeds are grown in rich soil.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成“连词过去分词”结构作状语。When givena medical examination,you should keep calm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。4.过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开。He stood there silently,moved to tears.=Moved to tears,he stood there silently.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。课本P.21A is to B what C is to D.A 对B 而言正如C 对D而言。