1、2012届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案：必修5 Unit 14Careers职业（北师大版）核心词汇1It is unfair that he gets very little in _ (报偿；奖赏)for his hard work.2The nurse was _(赋予职责)with the care of the children.3Ill do nothing without _(与商量，咨询)you.4I _(犯罪，做错事)an error in handling the business.5As we flew over the mountains we could see that
2、 there were snowy peaks _(在下；向下)6We need a foreign policy that is more _(可变通的；灵活的)7The way my brother talked to mother _ (使恼怒)me.8I bought some new locks as an additional _(安全保证)against burglary.9I came _(一马上就)I saw the need.10There were many foxes coming in from the _(四周的)countryside but he didnt p
3、ay much attention to his _(环境)here.11Elevators must undergo an annual safety i_.12He did not _(犹豫)to ask her to sit beside him.13The government has r_to pressure and dropped the proposal.14These measures will help _(减少)the cost of production but _(增加)the interest of the factory.1reward2.charged3.con
4、sultingmitted5beneath6.flexible7.bothered8.insurance9instantly10.surrounding；surroundings11.inspection12.hesitate13.responded14.decrease；increase高频短语1_接管，控制2_ 编造3_ 听出，看出；辨别出4_ 讨论，细谈5_ 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出6_ 坐直7_ 信任，信仰8_ 翻转9_ 得到好结果；取得成功10_ 算出，估计出11_ 而不是12_ 跟上，赶上13_ 万一14_ 由于15_ 此外16_ 盼望做某事17_ 显眼，突出；比好得多，最杰出1
5、take charge of2.make up3.make out4.go into detail(s)5.speak up6.sit up7.believe in8.turn over9.pay off来源:Z_xx_k.Com10.work out11.rather than12keep up with13.in case14.due to15.in addition 16look forward to17.stand out重点句式来源:学科网1_ she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.她一停止问问题
6、，我就起身，走出了这个房间。2I discovered then that _ I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.那时我发现，只要我具有献身精神并决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。来源:Zxxk.Com3Work with more than one program _ you have to use them at work.会用一个以上的程序，以防在工作时用得到它们4I feel that I can get on well with people from diff
7、erent backgrounds，_ I have worked with lots of different people on many projects for local events.我觉得我可以与不同背景的人相处得好，因为我与许多不同的人在本地事务的许多方面合作过。5_，it will be with music.我无论干什么，都伴随着音乐。1.The instant 2.as long as 3.in case4.since5.Whatever I do知识详解1 rewardn报酬；奖励vt.酬劳，奖赏(回归课本P21)The old lady is offering a r
8、eward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat for her!那老太太答应任何为她找到猫的人都可得到50美元的报酬。归纳拓展as a reward for作为对的报酬/奖赏in reward for.为了奖赏；作为对的报答give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬in reward of为酬谢作为奖励reward sb.for sth.为某事报答某人reward sb.with.for sth.为某事而以报答某人例句探源(朗文P1967)The team have worked hard and their eff
9、orts have been rewarded the success.球队很努力，他们的付出获得了成功。As a reward for passing her exams，she got a new bike from her parents.作为对她考试及格的奖赏，父母给她买了一辆新的脚踏车。How can I reward you for your kindness?我怎样报答你的好意呢？易混辨析award，prize，reward(1)reward指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。(2)prize指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖，这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。(3)award
10、指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉，而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。(4)award侧重于表示奖金，而prize主要表示各种奖励，表示奖学金时可通用，这两个词都可以和win连用，表示获得奖金或奖励。而reward则是酬金的意思。As a reward for his contributions，he was awarded the first prize for Outstanding Industrial Design.作为对他贡献的奖赏，他被授予“杰出工业设计”一等奖。1用award，reward，prize的适当形式填空(1)He won the_
11、for the best student of the year.答案：award(2)A_was given to the person who had the winning number.答案：prize(3)He received a medal as a_for his courage.答案：reward2chargen要价，收费；指控，控告来源:学科网 v收费，要价；指控，控告；充电(回归课本P21)Lawyers charge higher fee than doctors.律师比医生的酬金都高。归纳拓展例句探源The whole company will be in the c
12、harge of Tom next week.下周整个公司将由汤姆接管。(朗文P343)Owens came in and took charge of the situation.欧文斯进来控制了局面。2完成句子(1)They offered me a room _ _ _(免费的)答案：free of charge(2)We need an experienced engineer _ _ _ _(负责)the project.答案：to take charge of3consultv咨询，请教；商议，磋商；查阅(回归课本P23)He should consult Mr Jensen ab
13、out the new account on the 24th.来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K他应当就24号的新账目问题向金森先生请教。归纳拓展例句探源(2010年高考江苏卷)Why not consult with Frank？You see，two heads are better than one.为什么不和弗兰克商量呢？要知道：三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。Parents are demanding a greater consultation over their childrens future.家长们要求对子女的前途问题进行更多的商讨。3Evidence obtained from ob
14、servation and experiment is often used to _ a scientific theory.AconfirmBconcludeCconsult Dconfuse解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意：由观察和实验所获得的证据经常被用来确认一项科学理论。confirm确认；conclude结论，推断；consult咨询；confuse迷惑，根据句意可知，A项正确。4existencen生存，存在来源:学科网来源:学科网(回归课本P26).although there wasnt much glory in a reporters existence，she found
15、 it interesting and challenging.尽管当记者没有什么荣耀，但她发现它有趣而富挑战性。归纳拓展例句探源There is evidence of the existence of water on the moon.有证据表明月球上有水的存在。Do you believe in the existence of God?你相信上帝的存在吗？4完成句子(1)This is the oldest temple _ _(现存的)答案：in existence(2)When did the country _ _ _(建立)?答案：come into existence5he
16、sitatev犹豫；迟疑；踌躇(回归课本P27)She hesitated and then told me that the year before she had broken her wrist.她犹豫了一下然后告诉我前年她曾折断过她的手腕归纳拓展例句探源(牛津P959)I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job.我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。(牛津P959)She agreed without the slightest hesitation.她毫不犹豫地同意了。5完成句子(1)She stood _ _(迟疑不决) whethe
17、r to join the fight or not.答案：hesitating over(2)At the news of the major earthquake in Haiti,China sent out medical team _ _(毫不迟疑)答案：without hesitation6 operatev操作，运转；做手术(回归课本P28)Similarly，companies will operate in different ways.来源:Z。xx。k.Com相似地，公司会以不同的方式运行。例句探源The doctors operated on her stomach.医
18、生们给她的胃做了手术。That business operates in several countries.那家公司在几个国家都有业务。No one can operate the new machine except the engineer.除了那位工程师外没有人会操作那个新机器。6结合下列句子，翻译出画线部分operate的不同含义(1)Most domestic freezers operate at around18 .()答案：运转(2)What skills are needed to operate this machine？()答案：操作(3)Illegal drinkin
19、g clubs continue to operate in the city.()答案：经营，营业(4)They will have to operate on his eyes.()答案：动手术7respond vi.回答，答复；回应，响应，反应(回归课本P28)Many more people will work for small，dynamic companies which can respond quickly to changes in the market.许多人会供职于小且具有活力的公司。这样的公司能对市场变化作出快速反应。归纳拓展来源:学|科|网例句探源No studen
20、t responded to my question.没有学生回答我的问题。(网络)He made no response to my suggestion.他对我提的建议不予回答。(牛津P1699)The product was developed in response to customer demand.这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。7完成句子To our astonishment，he _ _ _ _(没有回应)her abuse.答案：made no response to8Shirleys strong love for her hometown is _in her n
21、ew songs.ArelievedBreflectedCresponded Drecovered解析：选B。句意：雪莉对家乡的强烈热爱在她的新歌中反映了出来。relieve援救，解除；reflect反映，表达；respond回复，回应；recover恢复。故B项正确。8 bother vt.烦扰；打扰(回归课本P28).，so dont bother learning Russian or Spanish.，所以不要厌烦学习俄语或西班牙语。归纳拓展例句探源I dont know why you bother with that crowd.我弄不懂你为什么要和那伙人浪费时间。Why both
22、er asking if youre not really interested?如果你不是真的感兴趣，干嘛费口舌打听呢？I dont want to bother her with my problems at the moment.我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。9(2010年高考天津卷)Professor Johnson，Im afraid I cant finish the report within this week._.How about next week?AGood for youBIt wont bother meCNot at all DThats OK解析：选D。考查交际用
23、语。句意：约翰逊教授，恐怕我这周内完不成报告。没关系，下周怎么样？根据后面的How about next week，可以看出，约翰逊教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系，所以，用Thats OK。9 pay off还清(债务)；成功，有回报(回归课本P26)This paid off because she won an award for the report.她的坚持获得了成功，因为她的报道获奖了。归纳拓展例句探源They paid off all their debts after ten years.十年后他们还清了所有债务。Two hundred workers have been pa
24、id off.200名工人已被结清工资了。They took a hell of a risk but it paid off.他们冒了很大的风险，但事情成功了。10Years of efforts _ when he got a gold medal in the 11th National Games.Ashowed offBtook offCpaid off Dwent off解析：选C。句意：当他在第11届全运会上拿到一枚金牌时，他多年的努力得到了回报。show off炫耀；take off起飞，脱掉；pay off得到好结果，取得成功；go off爆炸；停止运转。结合句意选C。10r
25、ather than而不是，与其不如(回归课本P28)People will move around to do different jobs，rather than moving up in the company as before.人们不会像以前那样在同一个公司寻求提升，他们会多方法寻找不同的工作。归纳拓展(1)rather than可作为一个连词词组，用来连接两个并列成分，表示在两者中进行选择，意为“是A而不是B，要A不要B，宁愿A而不愿B”。后面可以接名词、名词短语、代词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、动名词等。(2)rather than连接两个并列的成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词要根据
26、其前面的主语确定其单复数形式。(3)常见搭配：prefer to do.rather than do.宁可做而不愿做would do.rather than do.宁可做而不愿做例句探源Rather than have the radio repaired，hed like to buy a new one.与其修理那部收音机，他倒想去买一部新的。(牛津P1642)Why didnt you ask for help，rather than trying to do it on your own?你为什么不请人帮忙，而是非得自己干呢？11用所给词的适当形式填空(1)You，rather tha
27、n he _(be)to blame for the accident.答案：are(2)He，rather than you _(be)to blame for the accident.答案：is11 due to因为；由于；归因于(回归课本P30)I think I would be a good journalist due to my language skills.我想我的语言能力会使我成为一个好记者。归纳拓展例句探源The accident was due to your careless driving. 那次事故归因于你驾车不小心。I am due to leave quit
28、e soon now.我很快就该走了。易混辨析due to，owing to，thanks to，because of(1)due todue to sth./sb.由某事/某人引起的，由于某事/某人。通常在句中作状语或表语。(2)owing to意为“由于，应归功于”，有时可与due to互换。(3)thanks to既可表达正面意义(亏得，多亏，幸亏)，又可以表示讽刺意义(近乎反语“感谢”)。(4)because of指原因，意为“因为”，用以指出理由。Most of the problems were due to human error.Owing to our joint effor
29、ts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time.Thanks to your help，we were successful.We stayed at home because of rain.12You are supposed to put everything in the hall in good order by Sunday.The professor is _ give lectures next week.Adue toBabout toCplanned to Dagreed to解析：选A。后一句意为：教授下星期将给我们作讲座。due to表示
30、“即将的，预期的”。此题易误选D，agree为不及物动词，不能用agree sb.to do sth.结构；而be about to do sth.为“马上要做某事”之意，与句意不符。12 in case以防(回归课本P28)Work with more than one program in case you have to use them at work.会用一个以上的程序，以防在工作时得用到它们归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P211)Take your coat in case it rains.带着雨衣吧，以防下雨。(朗文P211)Ill cook plenty of potatoes ju
31、st in case.我打算多煮些马铃薯，以备万一。(牛津P296)In case of fire，ring the alarm bell.如发生火灾，即按警铃。(2010年高考浙江卷)I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just in case.我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事，但是以防万一，我再问你一次。13(2011年上海模拟)Mother asked me to take more money _ something unexpected should happen.Ain caseBso
32、 thatCin order that Dwhen解析：选A。考查连词用法。句意：妈妈让我多带些钱以防意外的事情发生。in case以防，万一；so that以便于；in order that为了;when当的时候，这时。13 in addition另外，也(回归课本P30)In addition，Im also a good photographer，.另外，我还是一个很好的摄影师，例句探源Mother gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies in addition.妈妈为我们郊游准备了三明治，另外还准备了一袋甜饼。Dr.
33、York is a professor of art.In addition，he is a famous writer.约克博士是一位美术教授，并且还是一位著名的作家。易混辨析In_addition，advances in microcomputers have opened informationrelated fields to home workers.In_addition_to my studies，I got involved in lots of extracurricular activities.14(2009年高考江苏卷)This special school accep
34、ts all disabled students，_ educational level and background.Aaccording toBregardless ofCin addition to Din terms of解析：选B。according to“根据”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；in addition to“除之外(还)”；in terms of“从的观点，从的角度”。句意：这所特教学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管他的受教育水平和背景如何。句型梳理1【教材原句】The_instant she stopped asking questions，I got up
35、and went out of the room.(P24)她一停止问问题，我就站起来，走出了房间。She began to cry the instant she read the letter.她一读那封信就哭了起来。He telephoned her instantly he came home.他一回到家就打电话给她。Immediately he came home，I told him about that.他一回家我就告诉他那件事。来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.KWe hadnt met for 20 years，but I recognized him the moment I s
36、aw him.虽然我们已经二十年没见面了，但一见到他我就认出他来了。15You see the lightning_it happens，but you hear the thunder later.Athe instantBfor an instantCon the instant Din an instant解析：选A。句意：你立刻就能见到闪电，而雷声要过一会儿才能听到。the instant可以用作连词，意为“一就”；for an instant用作状语，意为“一会儿”；in an instant意为“立即”；没有on the instant这种用法。2【教材原句】Whatever I
37、do，it will be with music.(P33)我无论干什么，都与音乐有关。【句法分析】(1)whateverno matter what无论什么，不管什么(引导状语从句)(2)whateveranything that任何的事物(引导名词性从句)(3)whatever you do无论你做什么or whatever任何类似的东西whatever next还要什么(表示惊讶)Whatever you do，you should do it well.无论做什么，你都应该做好。Whatever I suggest，he always disagrees.无论我提什么建议，他总是不同意。16In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering.AwhoeverBwhereverCwhatever Dhowever解析：选B。考查状语从句。表示“无论什么地方”，用wherever。whoever“无论是谁”；whatever“无论什么”；however“无论怎样”。由题意和句子结构可知，空缺处后面是一个让步状语从句，答案为B
